CN110873326A

CN110873326A - Ammonia mixing combustion system and carbon dioxide emission reduction method adopting same

Info

Publication number: CN110873326A
Application number: CN201811432282.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨豫森; 崔华; 徐波; 谭智; 陈辉
Original assignee: Hepu Technology Development Beijing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hepu Technology Development Beijing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-29
Filing date: 2018-11-27
Publication date: 2020-03-10
Also published as: CN209470213U; CN209386299U; CN209511995U; CN209386281U

Abstract

The invention relates to an ammonia mixed combustion system and method and a carbon dioxide emission reduction method, wherein the ammonia mixed combustion system comprises: the ammonia mixed combustion system also comprises an ammonia mixed combustion control module, a control valve and ammonia storage equipment, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion chamber by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel; an ammonia storage device for storing any one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water; the ammonia mixed combustion control module transmits signals to the control valve so as to control ammonia with certain temperature and pressure in the ammonia storage equipment to be delivered to the ammonia mixed combustor through the ammonia supply pipeline. The invention can realize the low-cost reformation of the existing fossil energy boiler, gas turbine, gas boiler and oil-gas automobile engine, reforms the structure of the existing combustor or internal combustion engine or a fuel supply module, and can realize the decarbonization reformation of partial fuel of the combustion equipment on the basis of low-cost reformation.

Description

Ammonia mixing combustion system and carbon dioxide emission reduction method adopting same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of industrial burners, in particular to an ammonia mixed combustion system and a carbon dioxide emission reduction method adopting the ammonia mixed combustion system.

Background

In order to cope with global climate warming and climate change, a coal-fired power plant needs to maintain annual power generation load by purchasing a green certificate or a carbon index in the future, or needs to perform fuel flexibility transformation to become a thermal power plant with low carbon emission intensity.

Coal-fired thermal power plants are carbon-emitting households, other industries with large emission amount, high energy consumption and high coal-fired strength such as steel-making, metallurgy and cement, and other industries of fuel gas or fuel oil, and as long as the carbon content in the fuel is high, a large amount of carbon dioxide can be emitted, thus causing adverse effects on the environment.

The existing gas-oil automobile engine or the internal combustion generator of the medium-small power station mainly uses carbon-containing fuel, and the emissions such as sulfide and the like released after the combustion of the carbon-containing fuel also pollute the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ammonia mixed combustion system. The invention applies ammonia fuel with zero carbon emission to a pulverized coal boiler of a power station, improves the structure of the existing large-scale pulverized coal burner of a thermal power station, and flexibly combines ammonia and various fuels for combustion by adding a supply system of ammonia, oxygen and hydrogen/oil fuel gas on the basis of primary air and secondary air of the traditional pulverized coal burner, thereby realizing low-cost reformation of the existing pulverized coal boiler. In addition, the invention uses the cyclone burner to burn the mixed fuel based on ammonia, thereby improving the combustion efficiency, saving energy and reducing environmental pollution. The operation realizes real fuel flexibility, namely, the boiler can adopt different fuels to carry out combustion power generation according to the supply and price conditions of the fuels at different time intervals. The pulverized coal fired boiler of the traditional thermal power plant has the possibility of burning other fuels, reduces the carbon emission intensity of the thermal power unit, and ensures that the power plant can avoid the huge expenditure of collecting carbon emission tax or additionally purchasing carbon quota in the future; thereby making the power plant profitable in the competition of the power market at the future carbon tax and green certificate enforcement stage. The introduction of ammonia and pure oxygen can realize the low-load stable combustion of the boiler of the thermal power generating unit, thereby improving the load range of the low-load peak regulation of the boiler, increasing the peak regulation capability of the thermal power generating unit, and enabling the power plant to obtain the peak regulation subsidy by participating in the deep peak regulation of the power grid all the year round.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides an ammonia blended combustion system comprising: the ammonia mixed combustion system also comprises an ammonia mixed combustion control module, a control valve and ammonia storage equipment, wherein the fuel conveyed to the combustion chamber by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel;

an ammonia storage device for storing any one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water;

the ammonia mixed combustion control module transmits signals to the control valve so as to control ammonia with certain temperature and pressure in the ammonia storage equipment to be conveyed to the ammonia mixed combustor through the ammonia supply pipeline.

Further, the fuel delivery system of the ammonia blending combustion system comprises a first fuel delivery subsystem and a second fuel delivery subsystem, wherein the fuel delivered by the first fuel delivery subsystem is at least one of main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel, and the fuel delivered by the second fuel delivery subsystem is ammonia source fuel.

Further, the ammonia blending combustion system also comprises a fuel mixing system, and the first fuel delivery subsystem and the second fuel delivery subsystem extend into the fuel mixing system and are communicated with the combustion chamber through the fuel mixing system.

Further, the ammonia mixed combustion system also comprises an ammonia storage device, and the ammonia source fuel storage device is communicated with the second fuel delivery subsystem.

Further, the ammonia mixed combustion system further comprises a pure oxygen conveying system, and the pure oxygen conveying system is communicated with the combustion chamber.

Further, the ammonia blending combustion system further comprises an ammonia source fuel controller, and the ammonia source fuel controller is electrically connected or in communication connection with the valve of the second fuel delivery subsystem.

Further, the ammonia blending combustion system further comprises an ammonia detector, wherein the ammonia detector is arranged in the second fuel delivery subsystem, detects the concentration, the pressure and the flow of the ammonia source fuel, and feeds back the detection result to the ammonia source fuel controller.

Further, the main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel of the ammonia mixed combustion system comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel.

An ammonia mixed combustion method comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting an ammonia storage facility and a type of ammonia supply;

step 2: selecting the type of ammonia mixing burner;

and step 3: judging whether the fuel supply pipeline and the ignition module meet working conditions, and if not, adjusting the fuel supply pipeline and the ignition module to enable the fuel supply pipeline and the ignition module to have the working conditions;

and 4, step 4: if the working condition is met, the ignition control signal is received, the fuel supply pipeline supplies fuel, and the ignition module executes the ignition operation;

and 5: according to the combustion load requirement, the ammonia mixed combustion system control module is used for controlling the fuel supply amount and the mixing proportion of ammonia and other fuels, so that the combustion load requirement is met.

A method for realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction of an ammonia mixed combustion system is characterized in that the ammonia mixed combustion system utilizes ammonia fuel to replace fossil fuel to realize carbon dioxide emission reduction, and the emission reduction amount calculation formula is as follows:

F_CO2＝F_fossil*X＝(F_Ammonia*Q_Ammonia/Q_Fossil)*X；

In the formula, F_CO2The carbon dioxide emission is reduced, kgCO 2/h;

F_ammoniaThe flow is the pure ammonia fuel input flow, kg/h;

Q_ammoniaThe fuel is pure ammonia fuel unit heating value, kJ/kg;

Q_fossilkJ/kg of unit heating value of the original fossil fuel;

F_fossilThe amount of fossil fuel to be replaced is kg/h;

x is a calculation factor of carbon emission per unit mass of the fossil fuel, kgCO 2/kg;

the above formula assumes that the combustion calorific value of ammonia fuel is equal to the combustion calorific value of alternative fossil fuel, i.e., F_Ammonia*Q_Ammonia＝F_Fossil*Q_Fossil；

The fossil fuel to be replaced comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, gasoline and diesel oil.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an ammonia blended combustion system comprising: the fuel mixing system is connected with the combustion furnace, the fuel conveying system comprises a first fuel conveying subsystem and a second fuel conveying subsystem, the first fuel conveying subsystem conveys fuel to the fuel mixing system and is at least one of main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel, and the second fuel conveying subsystem conveys ammonia source fuel to the fuel mixing system.

Further, the ammonia mixed combustion system further comprises an ammonia source fuel storage device, and the first end of the ammonia source fuel storage device is communicated with the second fuel delivery subsystem.

Further, the second end of the ammonia source fuel storage device extends into the combustion hearth through a secondary ammonia filling port.

Furthermore, a first opening and a secondary ammonia filling opening are formed in the side wall of the combustion hearth, the fuel mixing system is communicated with the combustion hearth through the first opening, and the first opening and the secondary ammonia filling opening are perpendicular to each other.

Further, the number of the secondary ammonia filling ports is several.

Further, an igniter is arranged at the joint of the fuel mixing system and the combustion hearth.

Further, the ammonia mixed combustion system also comprises a secondary air introducing pipeline, and the secondary air introducing pipeline is communicated with the combustion hearth.

Further, the first fuel delivery subsystem and the second fuel delivery subsystem are respectively provided with a first fuel control valve and a second fuel control valve.

Further, the ammonia mixed combustion system further comprises a control module, and the control module is in communication connection or electrical connection with the first fuel control valve and/or the second fuel control valve respectively.

Further, the main fuel or the combustion-supporting fuel comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel oil, and the ammonia source fuel is at least one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia and ammonia water.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides an ammonia mixed pulverized coal fired boiler combustion system, comprising: the ammonia storage device is used for storing any one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water, is connected with the ammonia mixing combustor and supplies ammonia to the ammonia mixing combustor; the ammonia mixing combustor comprises one or more fuel outlets, and is used for conveying one or more fuels and ammonia into a boiler furnace connected with the ammonia mixing combustor for combustion after the one or more fuels and the ammonia are mixed; and the ammonia mixed combustion system controller receives data of the ammonia, the primary air and the secondary air detector to control the ammonia, the primary air and the secondary air input to the ammonia mixed combustor.

Further, the system comprises a pure oxygen supply device which is connected with the ammonia mixing combustor and is used for supplying pure oxygen to the ammonia mixing combustor.

Further, the system includes a pure oxygen detector that detects the flow, pressure and temperature of the pure oxygen supplied to the ammonia blended combustion burner and feeds back to the ammonia blended combustion system controller.

Further, an ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber is arranged in the ammonia mixing combustor, and the ammonia and the pure oxygen are fully mixed in the ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber and then are conveyed to a boiler furnace.

Further, the system comprises a primary ammonia supply pipeline, a primary ammonia control valve and a primary ammonia detector, wherein the primary ammonia detector detects the flow, pressure and temperature of ammonia in the primary ammonia supply pipeline and feeds the flow, pressure and temperature back to the ammonia mixing and combusting system controller, and the primary ammonia control valve is controlled to supply ammonia to the ammonia mixing and combusting system controller according to detected data.

Further, the system is provided with a secondary ammonia supply pipeline, a secondary ammonia control valve and a secondary ammonia detector, wherein the secondary ammonia detector detects the flow, pressure and temperature of ammonia in the secondary ammonia supply pipeline, feeds the flow, pressure and temperature back to the ammonia blending combustion system controller, and controls the secondary ammonia control valve to supply ammonia to the boiler furnace according to detected data.

Further, the amount of ammonia supplied by the secondary ammonia supply pipeline and the distance between the secondary ammonia filling port and the flame of the hearth are adjusted by detecting the emission amount of nitrogen oxides in the boiler exhaust gas.

Further, the main fuel supplied to the ammonia mixed burner is pulverized coal carried by primary air and ammonia supplied to a primary ammonia supply pipeline.

Further, the combustion-supporting fuel supplied by the ammonia mixing combustor comprises one or more of natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen gas, gasoline and diesel oil.

Further, the system comprises a primary air supply device and a secondary air supply device which respectively convey pulverized coal and pure air to the system,

the primary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and pulverized coal concentration of primary air and feeds the primary air back to the ammonia blending combustion system controller so as to adjust the primary air quantity input into a boiler hearth;

the secondary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and air quantity of the secondary air and feeds the secondary air back to the ammonia blending combustion system controller so as to adjust the secondary air quantity input into the boiler hearth.

In a fourth aspect, the invention provides an ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system, which comprises a primary air supply device, a secondary air supply device and a combustion-supporting fuel system; the primary air supply device, the secondary air supply device and the combustion-supporting fuel system are respectively connected with a boiler furnace; an ammonia delivery system; the ammonia mixing combustor is connected with a boiler furnace; the ammonia stored in the ammonia storage device can be one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water, and is connected with the ammonia mixing burner to supply ammonia to the ammonia mixing burner; the ammonia compounding combustion system controller receives data from the ammonia detector to control the amount of ammonia input to the ammonia compounding combustor.

Further, the ammonia delivery system includes an ammonia supply line, an ammonia control valve, and an ammonia supply gun.

Further, the ammonia detector detects the concentration, pressure and flow of ammonia in the ammonia supply pipeline, feeds the ammonia to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller, and controls the ammonia control valve to supply ammonia to the ammonia mixed combustion system according to the detected data.

The ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system comprises a primary air supply device for conveying pulverized coal to the system;

the primary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and coal powder concentration of primary air and feeds the primary air to the ammonia mixing combustion system controller so as to adjust the primary air quantity and coal powder quantity input into the boiler hearth.

The ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system comprises a secondary air supply device which is used for conveying pure clean air to the system;

The combustion-supporting fuel system comprises a hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun and a combustion-supporting fuel control valve;

further, a combustion-supporting fuel detector detects the temperature, pressure and concentration of the combustion-supporting fuel supplied to the ammonia blending burner.

Wherein, the combustion-supporting fuel comprises one or more of natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel oil.

Further, the ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system comprises a pure oxygen detector which detects the concentration, pressure and flow of oxygen supplied to the ammonia mixed burner and feeds the detected oxygen back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller.

Further, the ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system comprises a coal detector which detects the concentration of pulverized coal supplied to the ammonia mixed burner and feeds the concentration back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller.

In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system, comprising: the ammonia fuel combustion device comprises a primary air flow channel, a secondary air flow channel, an ammonia fuel conveying system, a cyclone wind wheel and a combustion hearth, wherein the primary air flow channel, the secondary air flow channel and the ammonia fuel conveying system are respectively communicated with the combustion hearth, and the cyclone wind wheel is arranged in the primary air flow channel and/or the secondary air flow channel.

The combustion-supporting fuel conveying system is communicated with the combustion furnace chamber, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion furnace chamber by the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system is at least one of natural gas, methane gas, biomass gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel.

Further, the substance delivered to the combustion chamber by the ammonia fuel delivery system or the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system or the secondary air flow channel further comprises oxygen.

Further, the ammonia fuel delivery system comprises an ammonia source fuel supply pipeline and an ammonia source fuel gun, and an ammonia source fuel control valve is arranged between the ammonia source fuel supply pipeline and the ammonia source fuel gun.

Furthermore, the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system comprises a combustion-supporting fuel supply pipeline and a combustion-supporting fuel gun, and a combustion-supporting fuel control valve is arranged between the combustion-supporting fuel supply pipeline and the combustion-supporting fuel gun.

Furthermore, the lateral wall of the combustion hearth is provided with an opening, and the primary air flow passage, the secondary air flow passage, the ammonia fuel conveying system and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system are vertically communicated with the combustion hearth through the opening.

Furthermore, the primary air flow channel, the secondary air flow channel, the ammonia fuel conveying system and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system are coaxially arranged, the diameters of pipelines are sequentially increased, and the primary air flow channel, the ammonia fuel conveying system and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system extend into the secondary air flow channel and penetrate through the center of the rotational flow wind wheel.

The device further comprises a secondary ammonia supply pipeline, a secondary ammonia control valve and a secondary ammonia filling port, wherein two ends of the secondary ammonia filling port are respectively communicated with the secondary ammonia supply pipeline and the combustion hearth, and the secondary ammonia control valve is arranged between the secondary ammonia supply pipeline and the secondary ammonia filling port.

And the control module is in communication connection or electric connection with the ammonia fuel delivery system and/or combustion-supporting fuel delivery system and/or the secondary ammonia control valve respectively.

Further, the ammonia source fuel delivered to the combustion furnace by the ammonia fuel delivery system is at least one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia and ammonia water.

The invention can realize the low-cost reformation of the existing fossil energy boiler, a gas turbine, a gas boiler and even an oil-gas automobile engine, reforms the structure of the existing combustor or an internal combustion engine or a fuel supply module, and can realize the decarbonization reformation of partial fuel of the combustion equipment on the basis of the low-cost reformation. Specifically, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the ammonia is used as hydrogen storage medium at normal temperature and normal pressure, so that a large amount of energy can be stored with low energy consumption.

2. The method is combined with hydrogen production by renewable energy sources or peak-shaving power of a thermal power plant, and the ammonia synthesis process can be economically realized by utilizing surplus power and the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of the thermal power plant.

3. The ammonia is used as the fuel with zero carbon emission, and the carbon emission intensity of the coal-fired, gas-fired and thermal power stations can be quickly reduced by using co-combustion.

4. The ammonia is used as blended combustion or pure ammonia fuel, and can reduce the carbon emission intensity of internal combustion engines, external combustion engines and automobile engines.

5. The ammonia is used as a blended combustion or pure ammonia fuel, and the emission of pollutants such as sulfide in fossil energy power stations, internal and external combustion engines and automobile engines can be reduced.

Description of the drawings:

in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of example 1.

FIG. 2 is a schematic system diagram of example 2.

FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of example 3.

FIG. 4 is a schematic system diagram of example 4.

FIG. 5 is a first system diagram of embodiment 5.

FIG. 6 is a second system diagram of embodiment 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first system according to embodiment 6.

FIG. 8 is a second system diagram of example 6.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a system according to example 9.

FIG. 10 is a schematic system diagram of example 10.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a system according to example 11.

FIG. 12 is a system diagram of an internal combustion engine in which ammonia is mixed with gas or fuel in an automobile according to embodiment 13.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an internal combustion engine generator with ammonia blended with gas or fuel according to example 14.

FIG. 14 shows the steps of example 15 in the ammonia mixed combustion process.

To further clarify the structure and connection between the various components of the present invention, the following reference numerals are given and described:

reference numerals used in embodiment 1 of the present invention:

combustion furnace-101, fuel delivery system-102, fuel mixing system-103, ammonia source fuel storage-104, igniter-105, secondary air intake line-106, flame-107, control module-108, first opening-1011, secondary ammonia fill-1012, furnace wall-1013, first fuel delivery subsystem-1021, second fuel delivery subsystem-1022, first fuel control valve-10211, second fuel control valve-10221.

Reference numerals used in figure 1 and examples 2-4 of the present invention:

an ammonia supply pipeline-201, an ammonia control valve-202, an ammonia supply gun-203, an oxygen supply control valve-204, a pure oxygen supply gun-205, a primary air flow channel-206, a secondary air inlet pipe-207, an ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber-208, a hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun-209, a combustion-supporting fuel control valve-2020, a large thermal power station boiler four-corner tangential firing area-2011, a primary ammonia supply pipeline-2012, a primary ammonia control valve-2013, a primary ammonia supply gun-2014, a secondary ammonia supply pipeline-2015, a secondary ammonia control valve-2016, an ammonia mixing burner-2017, an igniter-2018, a boiler furnace-2019, an ammonia mixing and combustion system controller-2020, an ammonia storage device-2021, a pure oxygen supply device-2022, a pure oxygen detector-2023, a pure oxygen supply gun-205, a combustion system controller-2018, a pure oxygen supply device-2021, Primary ammonia detector-2024, secondary ammonia detector-2025, fire coal detector-2026, and combustion-supporting fuel detector-2027.

Reference numerals used in fig. 5-6 and example 5 of the present invention:

an ammonia supply pipeline-501, an ammonia control valve-502, an ammonia supply gun-503, an oxygen supply control valve-504, a pure oxygen supply gun-505, a primary air runner-506, a secondary air inlet pipe-507, a hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun-508, a combustion-supporting fuel control valve-509, a large thermal power station boiler four-corner tangential circle combustion area-5010, an ammonia mixed burner-5011, a pure oxygen detector-5012, a combustion-supporting fuel detector-5013, a coal-fired detector-5014, an ammonia detector-5015, an igniter-5016, an ammonia mixed combustion system controller-5017, an ammonia storage device-5018 and a boiler hearth-5019.

Reference numerals used in fig. 7-11 and examples 6-11 of the present invention:

a primary air flow passage-601, a secondary air flow passage-602, a cyclone wind wheel-603, a combustion hearth-604, an ammonia fuel conveying system-605, a combustion-supporting fuel conveying system-606, a secondary ammonia supply pipeline-607, an electrolytic hydrogen production device-608 of a thermal power plant, a renewable energy electrolytic hydrogen production device-609, an opening-6041, an ammonia source fuel supply pipeline-6051, an ammonia source fuel gun-6052, an ammonia source fuel control valve-6053, a combustion-supporting fuel supply pipeline-6061, a combustion-supporting fuel gun-6062, a combustion-supporting fuel control valve-6063, a secondary ammonia supply pipeline-607, a secondary ammonia control valve-6071 and a secondary ammonia filling opening-6072.

Through the above description of the reference numerals, the technical solutions of the present invention can be more clearly understood and described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, objectives and functions of the present invention easy to understand, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the specific drawings.

It should be noted that all terms used in the present invention for directional and positional indication, such as: the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "top", "lower", "lateral", "longitudinal", "center", and the like are used only for explaining the relative positional relationship, connection, and the like between the respective members in a certain state (as shown in the drawings), and are only for convenience of describing the present invention, but do not require that the present invention be necessarily constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the numbers of the indicated technical features.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an exemplary embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides an ammonia mixing combustion system, which comprises: the fuel conveying system is communicated with the combustion hearth, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion hearth by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel.

In some embodiments of the invention, the fuel delivery system includes a first fuel delivery subsystem that delivers at least one of a primary fuel or a combustion fuel and a second fuel delivery subsystem that delivers an ammonia source fuel. The ammonia source fuel is at least one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia and ammonia water. The main fuel or the combustion-supporting fuel comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the ammonia blended combustion system further comprises a fuel blending system, and the first fuel delivery subsystem and the second fuel delivery subsystem extend into the fuel blending system and are communicated with the combustion furnace chamber through the fuel blending system.

In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia hybrid combustion system further comprises an ammonia storage device, and the ammonia source fuel storage device is in communication with the second fuel delivery subsystem.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the ammonia mixed combustion system further comprises a pure oxygen delivery system, and the pure oxygen delivery system and the combustion furnace are communicated with each other.

In some embodiments of the invention, the ammonia blended combustion system further comprises an ammonia source fuel controller that controls an electrical connection or communication with the valve of the second fuel delivery subsystem.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the ammonia blended combustion system further comprises an ammonia detector disposed in the second fuel delivery subsystem, detecting the concentration, pressure and flow rate of the ammonia source fuel, and feeding the detection result back to the ammonia source fuel controller.

The following will describe embodiments of the present invention in detail by way of specific examples.

Example 1

Example 1 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system comprises an ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 6 is as follows. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of an ammonia mixed combustion system in example 1, and an ammonia mixed combustion system is provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the ammonia mixed combustion system includes: the combustion furnace 101, a fuel delivery system 102 and a fuel mixing system 103, wherein the fuel delivery system 102 extends into the fuel mixing system 103, and the fuel mixing system 103 and the combustion furnace 101 are communicated with each other. An igniter 105 is arranged at the junction of the fuel mixing system 103 and the combustion chamber 101.

The fuel delivery system 102 includes a first fuel delivery subsystem 1021 and a second fuel delivery subsystem 1022, wherein the fuel delivered to the fuel blending system 103 by the first fuel delivery subsystem 1021 is at least one of a main fuel or a combustion-supporting fuel, and the fuel delivered to the fuel blending system 103 by the second fuel delivery subsystem 1022 is an ammonia source fuel. The ammonia source fuel is at least one of ammonia gas, liquid ammonia and ammonia water, and the main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel.

In use, the first and second fuel delivery subsystems 1021, 1022 each provide at least one of a primary fuel or a combustion fuel and an ammonia source fuel to the fuel blending system 103. The various types of main or combustion fuel and air are mixed in the fuel mixing system 103 and the igniter 105 is activated to form a flame 107 within the combustion chamber 101.

Embodiments of the present invention enable flexible blending of ammonia source fuel and at least one of main fuel or combustion supporting fuel by the first fuel delivery subsystem 1021 and the second fuel delivery subsystem 1022. At least one of the main fuel and the combustion-supporting fuel is premixed by a fuel mixing system 103 before entering the combustion hearth 101, so that the combustion efficiency is improved, and the carbon emission of combustion is reduced.

The ammonia hybrid combustion system further includes an ammonia source fuel storage device 104, and a first end of the ammonia source fuel storage device 104 is in communication with the second fuel delivery subsystem 1022. The ammonia source fuel storage device 104 is used to store ammonia source fuel.

A first opening 1011 and a secondary ammonia filling port 1012 are arranged on a furnace wall 1013 of the combustion furnace 101, the fuel mixing system 103 is communicated with the combustion furnace 101 through the first opening 1011, the second end of the ammonia source fuel storage device 104 is communicated with the combustion furnace 101 through the secondary ammonia filling port 1012, and the first opening 1011 and the secondary ammonia filling port 1012 are perpendicular to each other. Through the above embodiment, a part of the ammonia source fuel enters the fuel mixing system 103, and the other part of the source fuel directly enters the combustion furnace 101. Preferably, the number of the secondary ammonia injection ports 1012 is several.

The ammonia mixed combustion system further comprises a secondary air introducing pipeline 106, and the secondary air introducing pipeline 106 is communicated with the combustion hearth 101. The secondary air introducing pipeline 106 is used for introducing air into the combustion hearth 101 during combustion so as to realize sufficient oxygen-enriched combustion.

The first fuel delivery subsystem 1021 and the second fuel delivery subsystem 1022 are provided with a first fuel control valve 10211 and a second fuel control valve 10221, respectively. The ammonia blended combustion system further comprises a control module 108, wherein the control module 108 is in communication connection or electrical connection with the first fuel control valve 10211 and/or the second fuel control valve 10221, respectively. The control module 108 is used to control the temperature, pressure, flow rate and flow rate of at least one of the ammonia source fuel, the main fuel or the combustion-supporting fuel entering the combustion chamber 101.

Example 2

The ammonia mixing combustion system provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention comprises a combustion hearth and a fuel conveying system, wherein the fuel conveying system is communicated with the combustion hearth, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion hearth by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel.

Example 2 is a pulverized coal fired boiler ammonia co-fired burner without secondary ammonia plant as shown in figure 2.

The burner includes: the system comprises an ammonia supply pipeline 201, an ammonia control valve 202, an ammonia supply gun 203, an oxygen supply control valve 204, a pure oxygen supply gun 205, a primary air flow channel 206, a secondary air introducing pipe 207, an ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber 208, a hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209, a combustion-supporting fuel control valve 2010 and a large thermal power station boiler four-corner tangential combustion area 2011.

The primary air flow channel 206 has a primary air inlet on one side wall and a primary air outlet on the other side wall extending to the tangential firing area 11 at four corners of the large thermal power station boiler.

The primary air flow path 206 is used to transport the mixture of pulverized coal and air.

The outlet of the primary air flow passage 206 is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature probe and a concentration sensor, and when the pressure, the temperature and the coal powder concentration of the conveyed primary air are not in the specified range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 2020 sends an instruction to adjust various parameters of the mixture of the coal powder and the air.

The secondary air inlet pipe 207 is provided with a secondary air inlet on one side wall, and the other end extends to the tangential combustion area 11 at the four corners of the large-scale thermoelectric power station boiler to form a secondary air outlet.

The overfire air introduction duct 207 is used to convey preheated air.

The outlet of the secondary air inlet pipe 207 is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature probe, and when the pressure of the conveyed pulverized coal is higher than a specified value and the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 20 sends an instruction to adjust the pressure and the temperature of the air.

The outlet of the secondary air inlet pipe 207 may be further provided with an air volume monitor for monitoring the intake volume of the secondary air and feeding back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 2020 for adjusting the intake volume.

The ammonia control valve 202 controls the ammonia supply line 201 to deliver ammonia to the ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber 8 through the ammonia supply lance 203.

The cross-section of ammonia supply line 201 includes, but is not limited to, a circle.

The cross-sectional diameters of the ammonia supply line 201 and the supply gun range from 0.5mm to 500 mm.

Optionally, an outlet end of the ammonia supply line 201 is provided with an ammonia control valve 202, a pressure sensor and a temperature probe, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the ammonia supply line 201 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the ammonia control valve 202 is controlled to be closed.

Optionally, the outlet end of the ammonia supply line 201 is provided with a flow sensor, and when it detects that the flow rate in the ammonia supply line 201 is not within a predetermined threshold range, the ammonia blended combustion system controller 2020 issues a command to adjust the ammonia flow rate.

The cross-section of the pure oxygen supply gun 205 includes, but is not limited to, circular.

The pure oxygen supply gun 205 has a cross-sectional diameter ranging from 0.1mm to 500 mm.

The oxygen supply control valve 204 controls the pure oxygen supply lance 205 to deliver oxygen to the ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber 208.

Optionally, the outlet end of the pure oxygen supply gun 205 is provided with an oxygen supply control valve 204, a pressure sensor and a temperature probe, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the pure oxygen supply gun 205 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the oxygen supply control valve 204 is controlled to be closed.

Optionally, the outlet end of the pure oxygen supply gun 205 is provided with a flow sensor, and when the flow sensor detects that the oxygen flow in the pure oxygen supply gun 205 is not within a specified range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller sends a command to adjust the supply amount of the pure oxygen.

The hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209 has one end forming an oil gas inlet and the other end extending to a tangential firing area 2011 of the four corners of the large thermal power station boiler to form an oil gas outlet for time-sharing delivery of liquid or gas fuel.

Oils include, but are not limited to, heavy oils, light oils.

Gas includes, but is not limited to, natural gas, biomass gas.

The axis of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply lance 209 forms a first angle with the axis of the primary air flow path 206.

The first included angle is in the range of 0 to 30 degrees.

The cross-section of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209 includes, but is not limited to, a circle.

The cross-sectional diameter of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209 ranges from 0.5mm to 200 mm.

Optionally, a temperature probe is arranged at the outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209, and when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control instruction controls the combustion-supporting fuel control valve 2010 to close.

Optionally, a pressure sensor is disposed at an outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209, and when the air pressure or oil pressure detected by the pressure sensor is lower than a preset pressure, the control command controls the combustion-supporting fuel control valve 2010 to close.

Through the arrangement of the temperature probe and the pressure sensor, the occurrence of backfire accidents is avoided, and the safety of equipment is improved.

Optionally, the outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209 is provided with a concentration sensor, and when the concentration sensor detects that the concentration in the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 209 is not within the specified threshold range, the ammonia blending combustion system controller 20 sends a command to adjust the concentration of the hydrogen, oil or gas.

Example 3

The ammonia mixing combustion system provided by the embodiment 3 of the invention comprises a combustion hearth and a fuel conveying system, wherein the fuel conveying system is communicated with the combustion hearth, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion hearth by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel.

Example 3 is a pulverized coal fired boiler ammonia blended burner with secondary ammonia plant as shown in fig. 3.

The primary ammonia control valve 3013 controls the primary ammonia supply line 3012 to supply ammonia to the ammonia and pure oxygen premixing chamber 308 through the primary ammonia supply gun 3014.

The cross-section of the primary ammonia supply line 3012 includes, but is not limited to, a circle.

The cross-sectional diameters of the primary ammonia supply line 3012 and the primary ammonia supply gun 3014 range from 0.5mm to 500 mm.

Optionally, a primary ammonia control valve 3013, a pressure sensor, and a temperature probe are disposed at an outlet end of the primary ammonia supply line 3012, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the primary ammonia supply line 3012 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control command controls the primary ammonia control valve 3013 to close.

Optionally, a flow sensor is disposed at an outlet end of the primary ammonia supply line 3012, and when it detects that the flow rate in the primary ammonia supply line 3012 is not within a predetermined threshold range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 3020 issues a command to adjust the ammonia flow rate.

The cross-section of the secondary ammonia supply line 3015 includes, but is not limited to, a circle having a cross-sectional diameter in the range of 0.5mm to 500 mm.

Optionally, a secondary ammonia control valve 3016 is provided at the outlet end of the secondary ammonia supply line 3015.

Through a secondary ammonia supply pipeline 3015, a secondary ammonia control valve 3016 controls to directly convey ammonia to a large thermal power station boiler four-corner tangential combustion area 3011.

And a pressure sensor, a temperature probe and a flow sensor are arranged at the outlet end of the secondary ammonia supply pipeline 3015.

Optionally, a secondary ammonia control valve 3016, a pressure sensor, and a temperature probe are disposed at an outlet end of the secondary ammonia supply line 3015, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the secondary ammonia supply line 3015 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control command controls the secondary ammonia control valve 3016 to close.

Optionally, a flow sensor is disposed at an outlet end of the secondary ammonia supply line 3015, and when it detects that the flow rate in the secondary ammonia supply line 3015 is not within a predetermined threshold range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 3020 issues a command to adjust the ammonia flow rate.

According to NO of boiler flue gas_XThe injection amount of the secondary ammonia is adjusted, that is, the secondary ammonia control valve 3016 receives an instruction from the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 3020 to adjust the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of the ammonia entering the four-corner tangential combustion area 3011 of the large thermal power plant boiler.

The secondary ammonia supply pipeline 3015 is provided with ammonia injection nozzle above the flame of furnace (in the flow direction of flue gas), and the distance from the flame needs to be determined according to the position of the multilayer burner of boiler replaced by ammonia mixed burnerReasonably set and ensure NO of boiler flue gas_XThe emission of the catalyst meets the requirement of environmental protection.

The structure and connection relationship of other parts of the burner in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described again.

Example 4

Fig. 4 is an overall schematic diagram of an ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler combustion system.

FIG. 4 is a combustion system of an ammonia mixed pulverized coal boiler, comprising: the ammonia mixed burner 4017 is provided with one or more fuel inlets, so that ammonia, pure oxygen and combustion-supporting fuel (hydrogen, oil or gas) with different forms enter the ammonia mixed burner 4017 to be mixed, then the mixed fuel is conveyed to a boiler hearth 4019 connected with the ammonia mixed burner, and the mixed fuel is ignited by an igniter 4018 to be combusted.

The primary ammonia supply line 4012 is connected to an ammonia storage device 4021, and supplies ammonia to the ammonia mixed combustion burner 4017, and the primary ammonia detector 4024 detects the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of ammonia and feeds the detected pressure, temperature, and flow rate back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 4020, which controls the primary ammonia control valve 4013 to adjust the input amount of ammonia.

The secondary ammonia supply line 4015 is directly connected to the boiler furnace 4019 to supply ammonia thereto, and the secondary ammonia detector 4025 detects the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of ammonia and feeds it back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 4020, which controls the secondary ammonia control valve to adjust the input amount of ammonia 4016.

The pure oxygen supply device 4022 supplies pure oxygen to the ammonia mixture burner 4017, and adjusts the supply amount according to the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of oxygen detected by the pure oxygen detector 4023.

The coal detector 4026 detects the concentration of the input pulverized coal, adjusts it to a predetermined range, and inputs it to the ammonia mixture burner 4017.

The combustion-supporting fuel comprises one or more of natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel oil.

The combustion-supporting fuel detector 4027 detects the pressure, temperature, and concentration of the fuel used, adjusts the pressure, temperature, and concentration to a predetermined range, and inputs the pressure, temperature, and concentration to the ammonia co-fuel combustor 17.

And the primary air supply device and the secondary air supply device respectively convey pulverized coal and pure air to the system.

The primary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and pulverized coal concentration of the primary air and feeds the primary air back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 4020 to adjust the primary air quantity and pulverized coal quantity input into the boiler hearth 4019.

The secondary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and air volume of the secondary air, and feeds the secondary air back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 4020 to adjust the secondary air volume input to the boiler furnace 4019.

Example 5

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an ammonia mixed burner of a pulverized coal boiler of a power station.

The burner includes: an ammonia supply line 501, an ammonia control valve 502, an ammonia supply gun 503, an oxygen supply control valve 504, a pure oxygen supply gun 505, a primary air flow passage 506, a secondary air introduction pipe 507, a hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508, a combustion-supporting fuel control valve 509, and a large thermal power plant boiler four-corner tangential firing area 5010.

The primary air flow passage 506 has a primary air inlet on one side wall thereof, and the other end thereof extends to the tangential firing area 5010 of the four corners of the large thermal power station boiler to form a primary air outlet.

The primary air flow path 506 is used to transport the mixture of pulverized coal and air.

The outlet of the primary air flow passage 506 is provided with a pressure sensor, a temperature probe and a concentration sensor, and when the pressure, the temperature and the coal powder concentration of the conveyed primary air are not in the specified range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 5017 sends an instruction to adjust various parameters of the mixture of the coal powder and the air.

The secondary air inlet pipe 507 has a secondary air inlet on one side wall, and the other end extends to a tangential combustion area 5010 at four corners of the large-sized thermoelectric power station boiler to form a secondary air outlet.

The overfire air introduction duct 507 serves to deliver preheated air.

The outlet of the secondary air inlet pipe 507 is provided with a pressure sensor and a temperature probe, and when the delivered air pressure is higher than a specified value and the temperature is higher than a preset temperature, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 5017 sends an instruction to adjust the pressure and the temperature of the air.

An air volume monitor can be arranged at the outlet of the secondary air inlet pipe 507 to monitor the air inlet volume of the secondary air and feed the air inlet volume back to the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 5017 so as to adjust the air inlet volume.

The ammonia control valve 502 controls the ammonia supply line 501 to directly deliver ammonia to the large thermal power plant boiler four corner tangential firing area 5010 through the ammonia supply lance 503.

The cross-section of the ammonia supply line 501 includes, but is not limited to, a circle.

The cross-sectional diameters of the ammonia supply line 501 and the ammonia supply gun 503 range from 0.5mm to 500 mm.

Optionally, a pressure sensor and a temperature probe are disposed at an outlet end of the ammonia supply pipe 501, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the ammonia supply pipe 501 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control command controls the ammonia control valve 502 to close.

Optionally, the outlet end of the ammonia supply line 501 is provided with a flow sensor, and when it detects that the flow rate in the ammonia supply line 501 is not within a specified range, the ammonia mixed combustion system controller 5017 issues a command to adjust the ammonia flow rate.

The cross-section of the pure oxygen supply gun 505 includes, but is not limited to, circular.

The pure oxygen supply gun 505 has a cross-sectional diameter ranging from 0.1mm to 500 mm.

The oxygen supply control valve 504 controls the pure oxygen supply lance 505 to directly deliver oxygen to the corner tangential firing area 5010 of the large thermal power plant boiler.

Optionally, a pressure sensor and a temperature probe are arranged at the outlet end of the pure oxygen supply gun 505, and when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in the pure oxygen supply gun 505 is lower than a preset pressure, or when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control instruction controls the oxygen supply control valve 504 to close.

Optionally, the outlet end of the pure oxygen supply lance 505 is provided with a flow sensor, and when it detects that the oxygen flow rate in the pure oxygen supply lance 505 is not within a specified range, the ammonia blended combustion system controller 5017 issues a command to adjust the supply flow rate of the pure oxygen.

The hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508 has one end forming an oil gas inlet and the other end extending to a tangential firing area 5010 of a large-sized thermal power station boiler to form an oil gas outlet for time-sharing delivery of liquid or gas fuel.

Oils include, but are not limited to, heavy oils, light oils.

Gas includes, but is not limited to, natural gas, biomass gas.

The axis of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply lance 508 forms a first angle with the axis of the primary air flow passage 506.

The first included angle is in the range of 0 to 30 degrees.

The cross-section of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508 includes, but is not limited to, circular.

The cross-sectional diameter of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply lance 508 ranges from 0.5mm to 200 mm.

Optionally, a temperature probe is disposed at an outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508, and when the temperature detected by the temperature probe is higher than a preset temperature, the control command controls the combustion-supporting fuel control valve 509 to close.

Optionally, a pressure sensor is disposed at an outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508, and when the air pressure or oil pressure detected by the pressure sensor is lower than a preset pressure, the control command controls the combustion-supporting fuel control valve 509 to close.

The outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply gun 508 is provided with a temperature probe and a pressure sensor, so that the occurrence of backfire accidents is avoided, and the safety of equipment is improved.

Optionally, the outlet end of the hydrogen or oil or gas supply lance 508 is provided with a concentration sensor, and when it detects that the concentration of the oil or gas in the hydrogen or oil or gas supply lance 508 is not within a specified threshold range, the ammonia blended combustion system controller 5017 issues a command to adjust the concentration of the hydrogen, oil or gas.

FIG. 6 is an overall schematic view of the combustion system of the ammonia blending pulverized coal fired boiler of the present invention.

The ammonia mixes buggy boiler combustion system includes: an ammonia mixed burner 5011, a pure oxygen detector 5012, a combustion-supporting fuel detector 5013, a coal-fired detector 5014, an ammonia detector 5015, an igniter 5016, an ammonia mixed combustion system controller 5017, an ammonia storage device 5018, and a boiler furnace 5019.

The ammonia blending burner 5011 is provided with one or more fuel inlets, so that ammonia, pure oxygen, main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel with different forms enter the ammonia blending burner 5011 to be mixed and prepared, and then are conveyed into a boiler hearth 5019 connected with the ammonia blending burner, and an igniter 5016 ignites to perform combustion.

The ammonia supply line 1 is connected to an ammonia storage device 5018, and supplies ammonia to the ammonia mixing burner 5011, and an ammonia detector 5015 detects the pressure, temperature, and flow rate of ammonia and feeds it back to an ammonia mixing and combustion system controller 5017, which controls an ammonia control valve 502 to adjust the amount of ammonia to be supplied.

The coal-fired detector 5014 detects the concentration of the supplied pulverized coal, adjusts the concentration to a predetermined range, and supplies the adjusted concentration to the ammonia mixed burner 5011.

The combustion-supporting fuel comprises one or more of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel oil.

The combustion-supporting fuel detector 5013 detects the pressure, temperature, and concentration of the fuel used, adjusts the fuel to a predetermined range, and inputs the fuel to the ammonia mixing burner 5011.

The primary air supply device conveys pulverized coal to the system;

the primary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and pulverized coal concentration of the primary air and feeds back to the ammonia blending combustion system controller 5017 to adjust the primary air quantity and pulverized coal quantity input into the boiler furnace 5019.

The secondary air supply device is used for conveying pure air to the system;

the secondary air detector detects the pressure, temperature and air volume of the secondary air and feeds back the pressure, temperature and air volume to the ammonia blending combustion system controller 5017 so as to adjust the secondary air volume input into the boiler furnace 5019.

Example 6

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 6 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 6 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system comprises an ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 6 is as follows. Referring to fig. 7-8, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ammonia blending cyclone combustion system, including: the ammonia fuel combustion device comprises a primary air flow channel 601, a secondary air flow channel 602, an ammonia fuel conveying system 605, a cyclone wind wheel 603 and a combustion hearth 604, wherein the primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602 and the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 are respectively communicated with the combustion hearth 604, and the cyclone wind wheel 603 is arranged in the primary air flow channel 601 or the secondary air flow channel 602. The ammonia fuel delivery system 605 delivers ammonia source fuel to the combustion furnace 604.

An opening 6041 is formed in the side wall of the combustion hearth 604, and the primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602 and the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 are vertically communicated with the combustion hearth 604 through the opening 6041. The primary air flow channel 601 extends into the combustion chamber 604 through the opening 6041 for conveying the mixture of pulverized coal and air. The overfire air duct 602 also extends into the combustion chamber 604 through the opening 6041 for delivering preheated air. The swirl wind wheels 603 are arranged in the primary wind channel 601 or the secondary wind channel 602, so that primary wind or secondary wind can generate swirl, and gas forms a swirl state and is accelerated and mixed in a combustion hearth 604 of a large thermal power station by using a swirl structure; not only shortens the flame length and enhances the rigidity of the flame, but also improves the retention time of the mixed gas in the combustion hearth 604, and the mixed gas can be fully and efficiently combusted. The ammonia mixing and matching cyclone combustion system further comprises a combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606, the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 is communicated with the combustion hearth 604, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion hearth 604 by the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 is at least one of natural gas, methane gas, biomass gas, coal gas, hydrogen, gasoline and diesel.

The ammonia fuel delivery system 605 includes an ammonia source fuel supply line 6051 and an ammonia source fuel gun 6052, and the combustion fuel delivery system 606 includes a combustion fuel supply line 6061 and a combustion fuel gun 6062. In order to control the flow rate and speed of the fuel to be delivered, an ammonia source fuel control valve 6053 is provided between the ammonia source fuel supply line 6051 and the ammonia source fuel gun 6052, and a combustion-supporting fuel control valve 6063 is provided between the combustion-supporting fuel supply line 6061 and the combustion-supporting fuel gun 6062. Preferably, the axis of the combustion-supporting fuel gun 6062 forms a first included angle with the axis of the primary air flow channel 601. The first included angle is in the range of 0 to 30 degrees. The cross-sections of the ammonia source fuel guns 52 and the combustion fuel guns 6062 include, but are not limited to, circles. The cross-sectional diameter of the ammonia source fuel supply line 6051 and the combustion-supporting fuel supply line 6061 ranges from 0.1mm to 500 mm. The ammonia source fuel control valve 6053 and the combustion fuel control valve 6063 are used to control the flow rate and flow rate of fuel delivery. In some embodiments of the present invention, the ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system further includes a control module, and the control module is respectively in communication connection or electrical connection with the ammonia source fuel control valve 6053 of the ammonia fuel delivery system 605 and/or the combustion-supporting fuel control valve 6063 of the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606 and/or the secondary ammonia control valve 6071, so as to control the ammonia source fuel at a certain temperature and pressure to be supplied to the ammonia source fuel gun 6052 through the ammonia source fuel supply pipeline 6051, or control the pulverized coal fuel or the combustion-supporting fuel carried by the primary air at a certain flow rate and flow rate to be supplied to the combustion-supporting fuel gun 6062 through the combustion-supporting fuel supply pipeline 6061, or control the flow rate and flow rate of the secondary ammonia.

Example 7

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 7 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 7 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system comprises an ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 7 is as follows. This embodiment provides a swirl combustion system is thoughtlessly joined in marriage to ammonia, includes: a primary air flow channel 601, a secondary air flow channel 602, an ammonia fuel delivery system 605, a combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606, a cyclone wind wheel 603 and a combustion furnace 604. Wherein, the side wall of the combustion furnace 604 is provided with an opening 6041, and the primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602, the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 are vertically communicated with the combustion furnace 604 through the opening 6041. The cyclone wind wheel 603 is disposed in the secondary wind flow passage 602. The ammonia fuel delivery system 605 delivers ammonia gas to the combustion chamber 604, and the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606 delivers pulverized coal to the combustion chamber 604. In addition, the substances delivered to the combustion chamber 604 by the ammonia fuel delivery system 605, the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606 and the secondary air flow channel 602 also include oxygen. The oxygen is pure oxygen.

In this embodiment, pure oxygen is delivered to the combustion furnace 604 by the ammonia fuel delivery system 605. Through the synergistic introduction of ammonia and pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched combustion can be formed. Particularly in a thermal power plant, the low-load stable combustion of the boiler of the thermal power unit can be realized, so that the low-load peak regulation load range of the boiler is improved.

Example 8

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 8 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 8 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system comprises an ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 8 is as follows. This embodiment provides a swirl combustion system is thoughtlessly joined in marriage to ammonia, includes: a primary air flow channel 601, a secondary air flow channel 602, an ammonia fuel delivery system 605, a combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606, a cyclone wind wheel 603 and a combustion furnace 604. Wherein, the side wall of the combustion furnace 604 is provided with an opening 6041, and the primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602, the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 are vertically communicated with the combustion furnace 604 through the opening 6041. The cyclone wind wheel 603 is disposed in the secondary wind flow passage 602. The primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602, the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 are coaxially arranged, and the diameters of the pipelines are sequentially increased. The primary air flow channel 601, the ammonia fuel delivery system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606 extend into the secondary air flow channel 602 and penetrate through the center of the cyclone wind wheel 603.

In this embodiment, the primary air flow passage 601, the secondary air flow passage 602, the ammonia fuel delivery system 605, and the combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606 are coaxially inserted into the combustion chamber 604, so that the combustion efficiency of the mixed gas in the combustion chamber 604 can be further improved.

Example 9

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 9 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 9 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system comprises an ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 9 is as follows. As shown in fig. 9, the present embodiment provides an ammonia blended cyclone combustion system, including: a primary air flow passage 601, a secondary air flow passage 602, an ammonia fuel delivery system 605, a combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606, a cyclone wind wheel 603 and a combustion furnace chamber 604. An opening 6041 is formed in the side wall of the combustion hearth 604, and the primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602, the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 are vertically communicated with the combustion hearth 604 through the opening 6041. The cyclone wind wheel 603 is disposed in the secondary wind channel 602. Wherein, the ammonia source fuel delivered to the combustion furnace 604 by the ammonia fuel delivery system 605 is provided by synthesizing hydrogen and nitrogen produced by the renewable energy electrolytic hydrogen production device 609 and/or the thermal power plant electrolytic hydrogen production device 608 through an ammonia synthesis process. The renewable energy electrolytic hydrogen production device 609 is a device for producing hydrogen by electrolysis by using renewable energy such as wind power, water power, solar energy, biomass energy and the like. The thermal power plant electrolytic hydrogen production device 608 refers to an electrolytic hydrogen production device commonly used in thermal power plants.

Example 10

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 10 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 10 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system and the combustion furnace are communicated with each other, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion furnace by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia compound combustion system provided in example 10 is as follows. As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment provides an ammonia blended cyclone combustion system, including: a primary air channel 601, a secondary air channel 602, an ammonia fuel delivery system 605, a combustion-supporting fuel delivery system 606, a cyclone 603, a secondary ammonia supply pipeline 607 and a combustion furnace 604. The ammonia mixing cyclone combustion system further comprises a secondary ammonia supply pipeline 607, a secondary ammonia control valve 6071 and a secondary ammonia filling port 6072, two ends of the secondary ammonia filling port 6072 are respectively communicated with the secondary ammonia supply pipeline 607 and the combustion hearth 604, and the secondary ammonia control valve 6071 is arranged between the secondary ammonia supply pipeline 607 and the secondary ammonia filling port 6072. The primary air flow channel 601, the secondary air flow channel 602, the ammonia fuel conveying system 605 and the combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606 are vertically communicated with the combustion hearth 604 through the opening 6041; the secondary ammonia pipeline 607 is vertically communicated with the combustion furnace 604 through the secondary ammonia filling port 6072. The cyclone wind wheel 603 is disposed in the secondary wind channel 602. The secondary ammonia filling port 6072 is positioned above flame (in the flowing direction of flue gas) of the ammonia mixing cyclone burner, and the distance between the secondary ammonia filling port 6072 and the flame is reasonably set according to the monitoring of the NOx emission amount in the flue gas at the tail of a flue, so that the NOx is reduced into nitrogen by utilizing reducing gas ammonia gas, the NOx emission amount of the flue gas is reduced, and the environmental protection requirement is met.

Example 11

The ammonia mixed combustion system provided by the embodiment 11 of the invention is an ammonia mixed cyclone combustion system.

Example 11 provides an ammonia compound combustion system comprising: the fuel conveying system and the combustion furnace are communicated with each other, and the fuel conveyed to the combustion furnace by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel.

The specific structure of the ammonia mixed combustion system provided in example 11 is as follows. As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment provides an ammonia blended cyclone combustion system, including: the system comprises a primary air flow channel 601, a secondary air flow channel 602, an ammonia fuel conveying system 605, a combustion-supporting fuel conveying system 606, a cyclone wind wheel 603, a secondary ammonia pipeline 607 and a combustion hearth 604. The swirl wind wheel 603 is arranged in the primary wind channel 601 and the secondary wind channel 602, so that both the primary wind and the secondary wind generate swirl, and swirl stabilization of combustion flame is realized. In this embodiment, the swirl wind wheel 603 may be separately arranged in the primary wind channel 601, so that only the primary wind carries the pulverized coal to generate swirl, thereby realizing swirl stabilization of the combustion flame.

Example 12

The embodiment 12 of the invention provides a method for realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction by adopting an ammonia mixed combustion system, which is characterized in that the ammonia mixed combustion system replaces fossil fuel with ammonia fuel to realize carbon dioxide emission reduction, and the emission reduction amount calculation formula is as follows:

F_CO2＝F_fossil*X＝(F_Ammonia*Q_Ammonia/Q_Fossil)*X；

In the formula, F_CO2The carbon dioxide emission is reduced, kgCO 2/h;

F_ammoniaThe flow is the pure ammonia fuel input flow, kg/h;

Q_ammoniaThe fuel is pure ammonia fuel unit heating value, kJ/kg;

Q_fossilkJ/kg of unit heating value of the original fossil fuel;

F_fossilThe amount of fossil fuel to be replaced is kg/h;

The fossil fuel to be replaced comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, coal gas, gasoline and diesel oil.

Table 1 below sets forth a table of values for carbon emission calculation factors for several fuels including pulverized coal, natural gas, coal gas, gasoline, and diesel

TABLE 1

Description of the drawings:

1. the lower calorific value is 29307 kilojoules (kJ) of fuel, called 1kg of standard coal (1 kgce).

2. The first two columns of the table are derived from general rules of Integrated energy consumption calculation (GB/T2589 + 2008).

3. The two columns in the table are from the provincial greenhouse gas list establishment guide (issue of modified climate No. 2011 1041).

4. The calculation method of the carbon dioxide emission coefficient comprises the following steps: take "raw coal" as an example.

1.9003＝20908*0.000000001*26.37*0.94*1000*3.66667。

Table 2 lists the specific combustion heating values for various types of ammonia fuels and fossil fuels.

TABLE 2

Type of fuel	Average lower heating value (KJ/Kg)
		Raw coal	20908
Coke	28435
		Crude oil	41816
Gasoline (gasoline)	43070
		Kerosene oil	43070
Diesel oil	42550
		Ammonia gas	18603
Liquid ammonia	20054

For example, with the ammonia blending combustion system according to any one of embodiments 1 to 11 of the present invention, liquid ammonia is used as a fuel to replace fossil energy fuel, so as to reduce carbon dioxide emission, and the liquid ammonia fuel input flow rate F of the fuel_Ammonia1000Kg/h, the liquid ammonia fuel unit heat productivity is 20054(KJ/Kg), the fossil energy fuel unit heat productivity is gasoline as an example, Q_{Huabai (Chinese character of' Huabai}43070(KJ/Kg), the calculation factor X for carbon emission per unit mass of gasoline fuel is 2.9251KgCO2/Kg, wherein the reduction amount of carbon dioxide is: f_CO2＝F_Fossil*X＝ (F_Ammonia*Q_Ammonia/Q_Fossil) X (1000 20054/43070) 2.9251 (1362 kgCO 2/h), i.e. the hourly reduction of carbon dioxide is 1362kgCO 2/h.

Example 13

FIG. 12 is a system diagram of an internal combustion engine with ammonia blended with gas or fuel in an automobile.

An ammonia fuel tank is provided in an automobile, and ammonia fuel is fed into an internal combustion engine through a control valve and an ammonia fuel supply line.

The automobile is also provided with a gas tank or a fuel tank, and the gas or the fuel is delivered to the internal combustion engine through a control valve and a gas or fuel supply pipeline.

The ammonia gas is fully contacted with fuel gas or fuel oil for combustion, so as to provide power for the automobile.

The novel internal combustion engine using the mixed combustion ammonia can reduce sulfides and CO of automobiles₂The emission amount of the hydrogen storage material is reduced, the speed of environmental deterioration is relieved, the application of the hydrogen energy in the automobile industry is indirectly realized (ammonia is a good hydrogen storage material), the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the hydrogen energy is efficiently utilized.

Example 14

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a gas or fuel ammonia blended internal combustion engine generator.

The application scene of the mixed combustion of the ammonia fuel and the fuel gas or the fuel oil is that the power generation industry has a large coal-fired and fuel-fired thermal power station and also has a small and medium-sized internal combustion engine generator or an external combustion Stirling generator.

An ammonia fuel tank is provided to feed ammonia fuel to the internal combustion engine generator or the external combustion stirling engine generator through a control valve and an ammonia fuel supply line.

A gas tank or a fuel tank is arranged, and gas or fuel is sent to the internal combustion generator or the external combustion Stirling generator through a control valve and a gas or fuel supply pipeline.

The ammonia gas is fully contacted with fuel gas or fuel oil for combustion, and the original power is provided for the generator.

Example 15

FIG. 14 shows the steps of an ammonia compound combustion method.

Step 1, selecting ammonia storage equipment and supplying ammonia type, such as ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water;

and 2, selecting the type of the ammonia mixing combustor, and considering the following factors during selection:

(1) and (4) selecting different ammonia mixing combustor types according to ammonia gas, liquid ammonia or ammonia water.

(2) The type and the structural form of the ammonia mixed burner are selected according to different types of combustion-supporting fuels such as coal powder, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen gas, gasoline, diesel oil and the like.

(3) If pure oxygen is needed to be added, oxygen-enriched combustion is formed. If necessary, a pure oxygen supply gun or a pure oxygen and ammonia premixing chamber is arranged in the combustor.

And 3, judging whether the fuel supply pipeline and the ignition module meet working conditions or not by the ammonia mixed combustion system control module, wherein the working conditions comprise: ammonia supply pressure and temperature, primary air pressure and pulverized coal concentration, gas or fuel supply pressure, air supply pressure and temperature, whether pure oxygen supply pressure and temperature meet ignition conditions, and whether power supply or oil supply of an igniter meets the ignition conditions.

If the working condition is met, performing step 4;

if the working condition is not met, performing the step 3.1;

step 3.1, adjusting a fuel supply pipeline and an ignition module to enable the fuel supply pipeline and the ignition module to have working conditions;

and 4, receiving the ignition control signal, supplying fuel to the fuel supply pipeline, and executing ignition operation by the ignition module.

According to the combustion load requirement, the control module of the mixed combustion system is used for controlling the fuel supply amount and the mixing proportion of ammonia and other fuels, so that the combustion load requirement is met.

The burner which takes ammonia as the necessary component of the fuel can be applied to the fields of thermal power plants, automobile engine systems, internal combustion generators and the like. By doing so, not only can the carbon emission intensity of the existing fossil fuel combustion be reduced, but also the environmental pollution is reduced; meanwhile, a large amount of renewable energy can be utilized to generate electricity and electrolyze to produce hydrogen and synthesize ammonia, the existing energy is fully and efficiently utilized, and the human beings are free from the limitation of fossil energy and enter a new era of ammonia energy.

It is obvious that the above embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art should also include various changes, modifications, substitutions and improvements without inventive faculty, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions and improvements are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia blended combustion system comprising: the ammonia mixed combustion system is characterized by further comprising an ammonia mixed combustion control module, a control valve and ammonia storage equipment, wherein the fuel conveyed to the combustion chamber by the fuel conveying system comprises ammonia source fuel;

the ammonia mixed combustion control module transmits signals to the control valve so as to control ammonia with certain temperature and pressure in the ammonia storage equipment to be delivered to the ammonia mixed combustor through the ammonia supply pipeline.

2. The ammonia blended combustion system of claim 1, wherein the fuel delivery system comprises a first fuel delivery subsystem and a second fuel delivery subsystem, the fuel delivered by the first fuel delivery subsystem is at least one of a main fuel or a combustion-supporting fuel, and the fuel delivered by the second fuel delivery subsystem is an ammonia source fuel.

3. The ammonia blended combustion system of claim 2, further comprising a fuel blending system, wherein the first and second fuel delivery subsystems extend into the fuel blending system and are in communication with the combustion chamber through the fuel blending system.

4. The ammonia compounding combustion system of claim 2, further comprising an ammonia storage device, the ammonia source fuel storage device in communication with the second fuel delivery subsystem.

5. The ammonia compounding combustion system of claim 2, further comprising a pure oxygen delivery system, said pure oxygen delivery system and said combustion chamber being in communication with each other.

6. The ammonia blended combustion system of claim 2, further comprising an ammonia source fuel controller in electrical or communicative connection with the valve of the second fuel delivery subsystem.

7. The ammonia blended combustion system of claim 6, further comprising an ammonia detector disposed in the second fuel delivery subsystem that detects concentration, pressure and flow of the ammonia source fuel and feeds back the detection to the ammonia source fuel controller.

8. An ammonia blended combustion system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the main fuel or combustion-supporting fuel comprises at least one of pulverized coal, natural gas, methane gas, coal gas, hydrogen gas, gasoline, diesel.

9. An ammonia mixing combustion method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: selecting an ammonia storage facility and a type of ammonia supply;

step 2: selecting the type of ammonia mixing burner;

10. The method for realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction of the ammonia mixed combustion system is characterized in that the ammonia mixed combustion system replaces fossil fuel with ammonia fuel to realize carbon dioxide emission reduction, and the emission reduction amount calculation formula is as follows:

F_C02＝F_fossil*X＝(F_Ammonia*Q_Ammonia/Q_Fossil)*X；

In the formula, F_CO2The carbon dioxide emission is reduced, kgCO 2/h;

F_ammoniaThe flow is the pure ammonia fuel input flow, kg/h;

Q_ammoniaThe fuel is pure ammonia fuel unit heating value, kJ/kg;

Q_fossilkJ/kg of unit heating value of the original fossil fuel;

F_fossilThe amount of fossil fuel to be replaced is kg/h;