CN110839480A - Planting method of organic hericium erinaceus - Google Patents
Planting method of organic hericium erinaceus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110839480A CN110839480A CN201911032699.9A CN201911032699A CN110839480A CN 110839480 A CN110839480 A CN 110839480A CN 201911032699 A CN201911032699 A CN 201911032699A CN 110839480 A CN110839480 A CN 110839480A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of organic hericium erinaceus, which comprises the following steps: preparing a hericium erinaceus bag: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises oak sawdust, and removing impurities from the oak sawdust to sterilize; bagging: filling the sterilized oak sawdust into a polypropylene fungus bag; inoculation: inoculating Hericium erinaceus mycelium into a fungus bag; and (3) controlling the planting environment: the hericium erinaceus fungus bags are moved into a planting room, the humidity of 60% -70% is kept before the hericium erinaceus grows out, and the humidity of 80% -90% is kept after the hericium erinaceus grows out; keeping the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus at 15-25 ℃; the oxygen concentration in the growth environment of the hericium erinaceus is kept between 2% and 3%. The planting method provided by the invention does not adopt any medicine, chemical components and the like in the planting process, and can be used for planting the organic hericium erinaceus with good appearance and high nutritional value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hericium erinaceus planting, in particular to a planting method of organic hericium erinaceus.
Background
The hericium erinaceus is a fungus of the family of the odontology, hairy-like meat bones are grown on the surface of the pileus, the length of the pileus is about 1-3 cm, the fruiting body of the pileus is round and thick, the pileus is white when fresh, the dried pileus is light yellow to light brown, the base part is narrow or slightly short, the upper part is expanded, the diameter of the pileus is 3.5-10 cm, and the pileus is far like the hericium erinaceus, so the hericium erinaceus is called as the hericium erinaceus and is called as hedgehog fungus, and the hedgehog fungus is. Hericium erinaceus is a delicious and unparalleled delicacy, and mushroom meat is fresh and tender, fragrant and mellow, and is called meat in vegetables.
Hericium erinaceus contains 26.3 g of protein, 4.2 g of fat and 856 mg of phosphorus per hundred g of dry product, and also contains carbohydrate, calcium, iron, carotene, vitamin B1, B2 and other components. The protein contains a plurality of amino acids, wherein eight essential amino acids of the human body are complete. Recent research finds that the hericium erinaceus contains polypeptide, polysaccharide, aliphatic amide and other anti-cancer substances, has a good effect of enhancing the immune function of a human body, has a good curative effect on digestive tract tumors, and is beneficial to wound healing after an operation.
Along with the improvement of people's living standard, more and more people pursue the organic nature of food, but among the prior art, in order to control the insect pest, shorten the growth cycle of hedgehog hydnum mushroom, convenient preservation etc. the hedgehog hydnum mushroom among the prior art can more or less use medicine, chemical etc. lead to the hedgehog hydnum mushroom of planting to be not conform to the requirement of organic food, can't satisfy people to the demand of organic food.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a planting method of organic hericium erinaceus, and aims to solve the problem that planting of the hericium erinaceus in the prior art does not meet the requirements of organic food.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a planting method of organic hericium erinaceus comprises the following steps:
preparing a hericium erinaceus bag: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises oak sawdust, and removing impurities from the oak sawdust to sterilize;
bagging: filling the sterilized oak sawdust into a polypropylene fungus bag;
inoculation: inoculating Hericium erinaceus mycelium into a fungus bag;
and (3) controlling the planting environment: the hericium erinaceus fungus bags are moved into a planting room, the humidity of 60% -70% is kept before the hericium erinaceus grows out, and the humidity of 80% -90% is kept after the hericium erinaceus grows out;
keeping the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus at 15-25 ℃;
the oxygen concentration in the growth environment of the hericium erinaceus is kept between 2% and 3%.
Optionally: the planting environment control further comprises: spraying atomized nutrient water, wherein the nutrient water comprises magnesium: 0.5-7.5mg/L, calcium: 10-50mg/L, strontium: 0.2-0.8mg/L, metasilicic acid: 25-55mg/L, potassium: 0.5-5.5mg/L, sodium: 20-75mg/L, selenium: 0.17-0.24 mg/L.
Optionally: the planting environment control further comprises: the lighting environment is a low light environment.
Optionally: the method for removing impurities and sterilizing the oak sawdust specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) steaming the oak scraps subjected to impurity removal at high temperature, and drying in the sun.
Optionally: the planting environment control further comprises: insect pest control: the adhesive paper is arranged and replaced once in 7-10 days.
Optionally: further comprising:
harvesting of hericium erinaceus: after picking up mature hericium erinaceus, cutting off impurities at the root by using stainless steel scissors, and removing hericium erinaceus mycorrhiza from a hericium erinaceus fungus bag.
By adopting the technical scheme, because no medicine, chemical components and the like are adopted in the planting process, the organic hericium erinaceus with good appearance and high nutritional value can be planted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for planting the organic hericium erinaceus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
A planting method of organic hericium erinaceus comprises the following steps:
preparing a hericium erinaceus bag: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises oak sawdust, and removing impurities from the oak sawdust to sterilize;
bagging: filling the sterilized oak sawdust into a polypropylene fungus bag;
inoculation: inoculating Hericium erinaceus mycelium into the bag.
And (3) controlling the planting environment: the hericium erinaceus fungus bags are moved into a planting room, the humidity of 60% -70% is kept before the hericium erinaceus grows out, and the humidity of 80% -90% is kept after the hericium erinaceus grows out;
keeping the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus at 15-25 ℃;
the oxygen concentration in the growth environment of the hericium erinaceus is kept between 2% and 3%.
Harvesting of hericium erinaceus: picking mature Hericium erinaceus by wearing food-grade plastic gloves, cutting off impurities at the root of stainless steel scissors, and removing Hericium erinaceus mycorrhiza from Hericium erinaceus fungi bag.
In the prior art, in order to improve the yield of hericium erinaceus, inhibit the growth of pests and the like, nutrients, urea and the like are usually added in a culture medium, but inorganic products require that artificial synthetic substances such as pesticides, fertilizers, hormones and the like are forbidden to be used in a planting process, and a genetic engineering technology is not allowed to be used, so in the embodiment of the invention, only oak sawdust is contained in the culture medium, and no chemical substance is contained.
The wild hericium erinaceus generally grows on oak trees, so that in the embodiment of the invention, oak chips are selected as the culture medium, and in addition, the content of crude protein and cellulose in the oak chips is high, so that the method is very suitable for the growth of the hericium erinaceus.
The method for removing impurities and sterilizing the oak sawdust comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of steaming and boiling the impurity-removed oak wood chips at high temperature for a period of time, then airing and drying, wherein the steaming and boiling time is 30-40 minutes, and the drying mode in the embodiment of the invention is airing and drying, and can be conditionally high-temperature drying.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, in the inoculation process, the hericium erinaceus mycelium is cultured from picked natural wild hericium erinaceus, and the artificially cultured hericium erinaceus mycelium possibly contains transgenes which do not meet the requirements of organic products.
The control of the environment in the planting room generally needs to be controlled by adopting equipment according to the land selection of the planting room, in the embodiment of the invention, the planting room is built by utilizing a cave on a mountain in Qingdao city in Shandong province, the Qingdao city is in temperate monsoon climate, but has obvious marine climate characteristics. The air is moist, the rainfall is abundant, the temperature is moderate, and the four seasons are clear. In spring, the air temperature rises slowly and is 1 month later than inland; in summer, the damp-heat and rainy weather are good, but no heat is generated; in autumn, the product is high in smell, less in precipitation and strong in evaporation; the winter season has high temperature and low temperature and long duration. The average annual relative humidity was 73%.
In addition, the Qingdao city is a mountainous area, the hericium erinaceus planted in the mountainous area is more in accordance with the wild growth state of the hericium erinaceus, the cave has the characteristics of being warm in winter and cool in summer, the temperature in summer can be kept at 20 ℃ and the temperature in winter is about 15 ℃, so that the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus basically does not need to be interfered by external equipment, the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus is only required to be properly increased in winter, and the temperature in other times is the natural temperature in the cave, so that the optimal temperature required by the growth of the hericium erinaceus can be kept, and the growth period is prevented from being influenced by excessive manual interference.
The humidity in the cave is higher, but the proper spraying of water is needed, so that the humidity is improved, and simultaneously, nutrition is provided for the growth of the hericium erinaceus.
Since the water for spraying needs to provide nutrient substances for the growth of the hericium erinaceus, the water needs to contain nutrient water, which includes trace elements and minerals.
Laoshan mineral water is rich in various trace elements and minerals, and according to official detection data, the Laoshan mineral water contains magnesium: 0.5-7.5mg/L, calcium: 10-50mg/L, strontium: 0.2-0.8mg/L, metasilicic acid: 25-55mg/L, potassium: 0.5-5.5mg/L, sodium: 20-75mg/L, in addition, selenium is also added into the sprayed water, and the content is as follows: 0.17-0.24 mg/L.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the sprayed water is Laoshan mineral water extracted from the underground, is not only pure natural and pollution-free, but also is rich in trace elements and minerals, and can obviously improve the nutrient content of the hericium erinaceus.
In addition, at least two ventilation openings are required to be formed in the cave, the ventilation opening with the higher position is an air inlet, the ventilation opening with the lower position is an air outlet, the ventilation openings are formed, indoor air circulation in planting can be achieved, air with high oxygen enrichment in the mountain area can be continuously introduced into the planting room, and growth of hericium erinaceus can be effectively promoted.
In order to prevent mosquitoes and impurities from entering the planting chamber from the ventilation opening, in the embodiment of the invention, a filter screen is further arranged on the ventilation opening and used for preventing mosquitoes and impurities from entering.
The hericium erinaceus basically does not need illumination, so in the embodiment of the invention, the illumination environment of the hericium erinaceus is a low-light environment, namely, a low-light environment is provided by installing the LED lamps in the planting room.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to reasonably utilize the space of the mounting rack, the hericium erinaceus bag is flatly placed on the mounting rack.
In addition, the micro mosquitoes can enter the planting room in various modes, so in order to reduce the damage of the mosquitoes to the hericium erinaceus, the mounting rack is also adhered with adhesive paper for adhering pests, and the adhesive paper needs to be replaced for multiple times, wherein in the embodiment of the invention, the replacement frequency is 7-10 days.
The growth cycle of the hericium erinaceus planted by the method is 20-30 days, the mature hericium erinaceus is snow-white, the nutritional value is high, the hericium erinaceus does not contain any pesticide residue, heavy metal, harmful bacteria and other pollution, and does not use any pesticide, growth promoter, preservative and the like, so that the hericium erinaceus meet the requirements of organic products.
Through the detection of a third party authority, the hericium erinaceus planted by the method contains various nutrient elements: proteins, vitamins, minerals and trace elements, contains 18 amino acids, including 8 essential to the human body, 1 essential to children and 4 semi-essential, and 7 vitamin B groups: VB1, VB2, VB3, VB5, VB7, VB12.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A planting method of organic hericium erinaceus is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a hericium erinaceus bag: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises oak sawdust, and removing impurities from the oak sawdust to sterilize;
bagging: filling the sterilized oak sawdust into a polypropylene fungus bag;
inoculation: inoculating Hericium erinaceus mycelium into a fungus bag;
and (3) controlling the planting environment: the hericium erinaceus fungus bags are moved into a planting room, the humidity of 60% -70% is kept before the hericium erinaceus grows out, and the humidity of 80% -90% is kept after the hericium erinaceus grows out;
keeping the growth temperature of the hericium erinaceus at 15-25 ℃;
the oxygen concentration in the growth environment of the hericium erinaceus is kept between 2% and 3%.
2. The method for planting an organic hericium erinaceus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planting environment control further comprises: spraying atomized nutrient water, wherein the nutrient water comprises magnesium: 0.5-7.5mg/L, calcium: 10-50mg/L, strontium: 0.2-0.8mg/L, metasilicic acid: 25-55mg/L, potassium: 0.5-5.5mg/L, sodium: 20-75mg/L, selenium: 0.17-0.24 mg/L.
3. The method for planting an organic hericium erinaceus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the planting environment control further comprises: the lighting environment is a low light environment.
4. The method for planting an organic hericium erinaceus according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method for removing impurities and sterilizing the oak sawdust specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) steaming the oak scraps subjected to impurity removal at high temperature, and drying in the sun.
5. The method for planting an organic hericium erinaceus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the planting environment control further comprises: insect pest control: the adhesive paper is arranged and replaced once in 7-10 days.
6. The method for planting an organic hericium erinaceus according to claim 5, characterized in that: further comprising:
harvesting of hericium erinaceus: after picking up mature hericium erinaceus, cutting off impurities at the root by using stainless steel scissors, and removing hericium erinaceus mycorrhiza from a hericium erinaceus fungus bag.
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| CN201911032699.9A CN110839480A (en) | 2019-10-28 | 2019-10-28 | Planting method of organic hericium erinaceus |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103396208A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-20 | 安徽金麒麟农业科技有限公司 | Hericium erinaceus culture medium and culture method |
| CN104472214A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-04-01 | 张旭 | Planting method of hericium erinaceus |
| US20170079214A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-03-23 | Novozymes A/S | Methods for Mushroom Cultivation |
| WO2019204192A1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | Robert Bartek | Growth media for improved growth and yield of fungus using treated lignocellulosic biomass |
-
2019
- 2019-10-28 CN CN201911032699.9A patent/CN110839480A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103396208A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-20 | 安徽金麒麟农业科技有限公司 | Hericium erinaceus culture medium and culture method |
| US20170079214A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-03-23 | Novozymes A/S | Methods for Mushroom Cultivation |
| CN104472214A (en) * | 2014-11-29 | 2015-04-01 | 张旭 | Planting method of hericium erinaceus |
| WO2019204192A1 (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-10-24 | Robert Bartek | Growth media for improved growth and yield of fungus using treated lignocellulosic biomass |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 赵国平等: ""木屑瓶栽猴头菇配方试验"", 《食用菌》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200228 |