CN110819102A - 一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板 - Google Patents
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80‑95分、聚酯多元醇65‑75份、玉米淀粉14‑20份、纳米泡沫玻璃3‑6份、增韧纤维2‑5份、泡沫稳定剂1‑3份、物理发泡剂2‑6份、纳米载银沸石4‑8份、纳米氧化锌1‑3份、表面活性剂1‑3份、阻燃剂1.2‑2.5份。本发明的泡沫板,具有优良的隔音性、抗菌性、阻燃性,耐腐蚀,耐老化,使用寿命明显延长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及泡沫板领域,具体是一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板。
背景技术
伴随着我国经济的快速发展,人们对建筑的认知越来越高,对建筑行业的安全性、经济性以及舒适度的要求也越来越高。在绿色建筑横空出世的状况下,新型建筑材材料也应运而生,新型建筑材料包含了墙体材料、保温材料、防水材料以及装饰材料等。
泡沫板,是一种用途广泛的材料,主要用于建筑墙体,屋面保温,复合板保温,冷库、空调、车辆、船舶的保温隔热,地板采暖,装潢雕刻,包装等,用途非常广泛,但是现有的泡沫板隔音性和抗菌性还需进一步地提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80-95分、聚酯多元醇65-75份、玉米淀粉14-20份、纳米泡沫玻璃3-6份、增韧纤维2-5份、泡沫稳定剂1-3份、物理发泡剂2-6份、纳米载银沸石4-8份、纳米氧化锌1-3份、表面活性剂1-3份、阻燃剂1.2-2.5份。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80分、聚酯多元醇65份、玉米淀粉14份、纳米泡沫玻璃3份、增韧纤维2份、泡沫稳定剂1份、物理发泡剂2份、纳米载银沸石4份、纳米氧化锌1份、表面活性剂1份、阻燃剂1.2份。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯95分、聚酯多元醇75份、玉米淀粉20份、纳米泡沫玻璃6份、增韧纤维5份、泡沫稳定剂3份、物理发泡剂6份、纳米载银沸石8份、纳米氧化锌3份、表面活性剂3份、阻燃剂2.5份。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯87分、聚酯多元醇70份、玉米淀粉17份、纳米泡沫玻璃4.5份、增韧纤维3.5份、泡沫稳定剂2份、物理发泡剂4份、纳米载银沸石6份、纳米氧化锌2份、表面活性剂2份、阻燃剂2份。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯83分、聚酯多元醇68份、玉米淀粉15份、纳米泡沫玻璃3.7份、增韧纤维3份、泡沫稳定剂1.5份、物理发泡剂3份、纳米载银沸石5份、纳米氧化锌1.5份、表面活性剂1.5份、阻燃剂1.6份。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯91分、聚酯多元醇73份、玉米淀粉18.5份、纳米泡沫玻璃5.5份、增韧纤维4份、泡沫稳定剂2.5份、物理发泡剂5份、纳米载银沸石7份、纳米氧化锌2.5份、表面活性剂2.5份、阻燃剂2.2份。
优选地,所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
优选地,所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
优选地,所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比3-6:1-4:1混合而成。
优选地,所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
优选地,所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为20-35:1的配比进行复合使用。
优选地,所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明的泡沫板,具有优良的隔音性、抗菌性、阻燃性,耐腐蚀,耐老化,使用寿命明显延长。
(2)通过在泡沫板的配方中添加一定量的玉米淀粉,从而可有效的实现泡沫板可降解的目的,从而保护了环境;同时,通过在泡沫板的成分中,添加入载银沸石和氧化锌,有收敛性和一定的杀菌能力,能够有效的防止泡沫板内细菌的滋生,通过银的加入,使得泡沫板抗氧化能力增强,来实现泡沫板的防霉。
(3)本发明的聚氨酯泡沫板,在满足模压加工的基础上,泡孔更加细腻、均有、有弹性,泡孔壁薄膜间隔存在,具有良好的吸音性能。而且泡沫板中加入了泡沫玻璃,泡沫玻璃是一种性能优越的绝热(保冷)、吸声、防潮、防火的轻质高强建筑材料和装饰材料,使用温度范围为零下196℃到450℃,A级不燃与建筑物同寿命,透湿系数几乎为0。它的生产是废弃固体材料再利用,是保护环境并获得丰厚经济利益的范例。
(4)本发明的配方中添加了增韧纤维,增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维复配而成,苎麻纤维在各种植物纤维中品质最好。它的纤维细胞最长,达620毫米,而且坚韧,富有光泽,染色鲜艳,不容易褪色。聚丙烯纤维是一种网状纤维,综合使用性能好、价格低廉、性能优异等特点。
(5)泡沫板的制备工艺操作简单,容易实施,步骤(1)至步骤(3)用于对反应原料进行均化处理;所述步骤四至步骤五用于对反应物进行发泡反应,并对发泡液进行浇注成型。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80分、聚酯多元醇65份、玉米淀粉14份、纳米泡沫玻璃3份、增韧纤维2份、泡沫稳定剂1份、物理发泡剂2份、纳米载银沸石4份、纳米氧化锌1份、表面活性剂1份、阻燃剂1.2份。
所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比6:4:1混合而成。
所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为20:1的配比进行复合使用。
所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
实施例2
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯95分、聚酯多元醇75份、玉米淀粉20份、纳米泡沫玻璃6份、增韧纤维5份、泡沫稳定剂3份、物理发泡剂6份、纳米载银沸石8份、纳米氧化锌3份、表面活性剂3份、阻燃剂2.5份。
所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比3:1:1混合而成。
所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为35:1的配比进行复合使用。
所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
实施例3
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯87分、聚酯多元醇70份、玉米淀粉17份、纳米泡沫玻璃4.5份、增韧纤维3.5份、泡沫稳定剂2份、物理发泡剂4份、纳米载银沸石6份、纳米氧化锌2份、表面活性剂2份、阻燃剂2份。
所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比4:3:1混合而成。
所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为28:1的配比进行复合使用。
所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
实施例4
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯83分、聚酯多元醇68份、玉米淀粉15份、纳米泡沫玻璃3.7份、增韧纤维3份、泡沫稳定剂1.5份、物理发泡剂3份、纳米载银沸石5份、纳米氧化锌1.5份、表面活性剂1.5份、阻燃剂1.6份。
所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比5:2:1混合而成。
所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为25:1的配比进行复合使用。
所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
实施例5
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯91分、聚酯多元醇73份、玉米淀粉18.5份、纳米泡沫玻璃5.5份、增韧纤维4份、泡沫稳定剂2.5份、物理发泡剂5份、纳米载银沸石7份、纳米氧化锌2.5份、表面活性剂2.5份、阻燃剂2.2份。
所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米。
所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比3:2:1混合而成。
所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种。
所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为32:1的配比进行复合使用。
所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
最后应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明而非限制本发明的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域技术人员应当理解,依然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。
Claims (9)
1.一种隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80-95分、聚酯多元醇65-75份、玉米淀粉14-20份、纳米泡沫玻璃3-6份、增韧纤维2-5份、泡沫稳定剂1-3份、物理发泡剂2-6份、纳米载银沸石4-8份、纳米氧化锌1-3份、表面活性剂1-3份、阻燃剂1.2-2.5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯80分、聚酯多元醇65份、玉米淀粉14份、纳米泡沫玻璃3份、增韧纤维2份、泡沫稳定剂1份、物理发泡剂2份、纳米载银沸石4份、纳米氧化锌1份、表面活性剂1份、阻燃剂1.2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯95分、聚酯多元醇75份、玉米淀粉20份、纳米泡沫玻璃6份、增韧纤维5份、泡沫稳定剂3份、物理发泡剂6份、纳米载银沸石8份、纳米氧化锌3份、表面活性剂3份、阻燃剂2.5份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,按重量份包括以下组分:异氰酸酯87分、聚酯多元醇70份、玉米淀粉17份、纳米泡沫玻璃4.5份、增韧纤维3.5份、泡沫稳定剂2份、物理发泡剂4份、纳米载银沸石6份、纳米氧化锌2份、表面活性剂2份、阻燃剂2份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,所述纳米泡沫玻璃的粒径为80-200纳米,所述纳米载银沸石30-80纳米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,所述增韧纤维为聚丙烯纤维、苎麻纤维和石墨烯纤维按照质量比3-6:1-4:1混合而成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,所述的稳定剂为二丁基二(十二酸)锡、硬脂酸锌、环氧大豆油、二月桂酸二正辛基锡中的一种或者几种,所述的阻燃剂为三氧化锑、氢氧化镁中的一种或者两种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,所述的物理发泡剂采用1,1,1,3,3-五氟丁烷与1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷重量比为20-35:1的配比进行复合使用。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板,其特征在于,所述隔音抗菌聚氨酯泡沫板采用如下工艺制备而成,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)异氰酸酯进行搅拌和破碎,同时搅拌仓中的加热装置升温使异氰酸酯融化;待异氰酸酯完全融化后保温备用;
(2)将预先经脱水处理的聚酯多元醇加入到反应釜中,通过加热装置使反应釜的温度升高至50℃,保温5分钟,步骤三用于对反应釜中的原料进行预热处理;
(3)将循环水加入到水气平衡单元;同时,将加热装置中的温度设定为100℃,保温5分钟;循环水被水气平衡单元加热蒸发,产生的水蒸气通过进入反应釜中;水气平衡单元用于使反应釜均匀受热,同时温度设定为100℃能够使水气平衡单元中的水变成水蒸气;便于水蒸气对原料进行发泡反应;
(4)将步骤(1)中制备的融化的异氰酸酯输送至步骤(2)的反应釜中,再向反应釜中加入玉米淀粉,同时,将反应釜的温度加热至140℃;
(5)向步骤(4)中的反应釜中添加物理发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂,反应90-120分钟后,再加入纳米泡沫玻璃、增韧纤维、泡沫稳定剂、纳米载银沸石、纳米氧化锌、表面活性剂、阻燃剂,搅拌均匀后,继续反应10-15分钟;
(6)将反应釜中的溶液倒入模具中注塑成型。
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