CN110810237A - Method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting stigma with tin foil paper - Google Patents
Method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting stigma with tin foil paper Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out lily hybridization pollination by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tinfoil paper, which specifically comprises the steps of hybridization parent selection, tool preparation before hybridization, pollen taking of a male parent, emasculation and emasculation of the female parent, stigma cutting, pollination, wrapping with tinfoil paper and the like; the technology of the invention is an improvement of the traditional lily hybrid pollination method, and the time of flower pollination and the success rate of pollination are superior to those of the traditional lily hybrid pollination method, and the invention firstly provides the following steps of removing flowers and emasculation of female parent and cutting stigma in the field of lily breeding: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of the hybrid flowers, and cutting the stigma to leave 1cm-1.5cm to obtain a female parent cut stigma; pollination: the treatment method of smearing the pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent improves the pollination success rate by 37 percent on average, and belongs to great technical progress in the technical field of lily breeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant hybridization, in particular to a method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tin foil paper.
Background
The hybrid breeding of lily is the most traditional and effective breeding method of lily, and modern new lily varieties are basically cultivated by the method. Hybrid pollination of lily is one of the important approaches of crossbreeding. When lily is cross pollinated, the stigma is not cut, and a pollination paper bag is used for breeding and bagging. The stigmas are not cut, and the pollination success rate is low. The pollination paper bag is used for breeding and bagging needs to be fixed, and the number of working procedures is large; and is easy to blow away when blowing strong wind. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for carrying out lily hybrid pollination by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tin foil paper.
The following patent publications related to this patent were found by search:
1. the patent with publication number CN107258540A discloses a tissue culture method for rapidly breeding new hybrid species of oriental lily, which adopts a method of breeding test-tube plantlets by a low-concentration hormone formula for rapid breeding, and adopts river sand or silt as a substrate for seedling hardening for cultivation. The method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting plants of the new oriental lily hybrid varieties for virus detection, taking bulbs of the plants as explants for explant sterilization when identifying virus-free plants; sequentially carrying out primary culture, secondary culture and rooting culture on the sterilized explants; then carrying out low-temperature treatment before hardening seedlings; river sand or silt is selected as a substrate to refine the seedlings; transplanting the seedlings to high-altitude fields for seedball after hardening. According to the technical scheme of the invention, a large amount of high-quality and stable oriental lily seedlings can be obtained, thereby overcoming the defects of the prior art.
2. The patent with publication number CN106665364A discloses a method for expanding, developing and rooting bulbs of hybrid progeny of lilium fargesii. The method comprises the following steps: 1) rescuing the hybrid progeny embryo of the longya lily to prepare seedlings; 2) multiplying cluster buds, rapidly multiplying the number of seedlings, and preparing cluster bud seedlings; 3) inducing bulblet, and culturing differentiated bulblet; 4) the bulblet expands and takes root; cultivating larger bulbs, rooting, and directly transplanting the bulbs into a field for planting as a propagation raw material for production; by optimizing the influence factors such as the rapid expansion and rooting culture of the bulblets of the hybrid lily, technical support is provided for the large-scale production of test-tube plantlets of hybrid offspring of the lilium fargesii. And provides technical guarantee for the large-scale production of edible lily longya hybrid progeny test-tube plantlets; the requirements of the market on the edible lily hybrid new variety are met; thereby reducing the planting cost of the lilium brownii.
By contrast, the present patent application is intrinsically different from the above-mentioned patent publications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides the method for carrying out hybrid pollination on the lily by wrapping and cutting the column head with the tinfoil paper, and improves the success rate of the hybrid pollination and the working efficiency of the hybrid pollination.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tinfoil paper specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) hybrid parent selection: hybridizing different varieties in the same type of lily line; selecting plants which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as hybrid parents;
pre-hybridization tool preparation: preparing tweezers, a culture dish, 70% -75% alcohol, cotton balls or gauze, scissors, tin foil paper, pencils and labels;
taking male parent pollen: selecting robust plants to take pollen, and taking the pollen if the florescence of the parents is the same; if the flowering phase of the male parent and the female parent is different, the male parent pollen can be taken in advance and stored in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for later use; when the variety is changed and pollen is taken, the tweezers and the culture dish are cleaned by alcohol, so that cross contamination is avoided;
removing flowers and male bodies of female parents and cutting stigmas: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of hybrid flowers, and cutting the stigma to leave 1cm-1.5cm (a great amount of experiments show that tin foil paper is easy to fall off if the stigma is cut to be less than 1cm, and the pollination success rate is reduced if the stigma is cut to be more than 1.5cm, so that the length of the stigma cut directly influences the pollination success rate, which is one of key technical points of the invention), so that the maternal cut stigma is obtained, and the removal of the pistils and the cutting of the stigma require two tools, so that the stigma pollution is avoided;
pollination: smearing pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent, and cleaning tweezers and a culture dish by using 70% -75% of alcohol when changing varieties and taking pollen, so that cross contamination is avoided, and the number of flowers for each cross combination pollination is at least 3 and more, so as to increase the success probability;
wrapping with tin foil paper: wrapping the post-pollinated stigmas with prepared tinfoil paper in advance, and pinching by hands;
writing a tag hanging label: the label needs to note female parent name x male parent name, record human name and hybridization date;
seed harvesting: after the stigma is wrapped, pollen enters an ovary through a style, a capsule is formed after the ovary is expanded, the capsule is protected from growing for 8-10 weeks or until the capsule is mature, when the seeds are mature, the capsule begins to dry, and the top is cracked to make the mature seeds spill; at the moment, capsules are harvested in time to prevent seeds from scattering; harvesting capsules, hanging labels, and placing in a dry and air-circulation place; seeds of lily are grown in capsules with 3 cells, brown, flat, very thin, filmy.
And, wrap up with the tinfoil paper, the tinfoil paper that will prepare in advance wraps up the stigmas after the pollination, pinch with the hand and tighten, include the following steps specifically: cutting the tin foil paper into a square with the size of about 5cm x 5cm, rolling the square on a pencil into a column, sleeving the column head which receives the powder on the tin foil paper, pressing the tin foil paper to be flat, folding the tin foil paper from the upper end, and pinching the tin foil paper by hand to fix the tin foil paper.
The male parent lily is selected from any one of charles, king lily, massicot, red life, Janiffe, beauty, pearl, Marani, pearl Jessica, pearl Sidesxi and charles, and the female parent lily is selected from any one of Remona, Yellolin, Baitianjiang, red lily and orange lily.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the technology of the invention is an improvement of the traditional lily hybrid pollination method, and the time of flower pollination and the success rate of pollination are superior to those of the traditional lily hybrid pollination method, and the invention firstly provides the following steps of removing flowers and emasculation of female parent and cutting stigma in the field of lily breeding: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of the hybrid flowers, and cutting the stigma to leave 1cm-1.5cm to obtain a female parent cut stigma; pollination: smearing pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent, wherein the number of flowers of each cross combined pollination is at least 3 and more; the treatment method has good effect, the pollination success rate is averagely improved by 37 percent, and the method belongs to great technical progress in the technical field of lily breeding.
2. The time for completing the single flower hybrid pollination is 5-10 minutes (specifically, the total time for emasculation and cutting of the female parent, pollination, wrapping with tinfoil paper and label writing and label hanging), the time for completing the single flower hybrid pollination by the traditional method is 10-20 minutes (specifically, the total time for emasculation of the female parent, pollination, bagging, pin fixing and label writing and label hanging).
3. The method can directly wrap and fix the pollinated forehead post by utilizing the plasticity of the tin foil paper, does not need a pin, is not easy to blow away even if strong wind is blown, ensures the accuracy of an experimental result, and improves the success rate of the experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a foil wrapping process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a capsule;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional lily cross-pollination bagging.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are exemplified and explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present embodiment is illustrative, not restrictive, and the scope of the invention should not be limited thereby.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Examples 1-12, the combination of the examples in Table 1 was operated as follows:
a method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tinfoil paper specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) hybrid parent selection: hybridizing different varieties in the same type of lily line; selecting plants which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as hybrid parents;
pre-hybridization tool preparation: preparing tweezers, a culture dish, 70% -75% alcohol, cotton balls or gauze, scissors, tin foil paper, pencils and labels;
taking male parent pollen: selecting robust plants to take pollen, and taking the pollen if the florescence of the parents is the same; if the flowering phase of the male parent and the female parent is different, the male parent pollen can be taken in advance and stored in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for later use; when the variety is changed and pollen is taken, the tweezers and the culture dish are cleaned by alcohol, so that cross contamination is avoided;
removing flowers and male bodies of female parents and cutting stigmas: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of the hybrid flowers, cutting the stigma for 1cm-1.5cm to obtain a maternal cut stigma, wherein the pistils are removed and the stigma is cut by using two tools, so that the stigma pollution is avoided;
pollination: smearing pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent, and cleaning tweezers and a culture dish by using 70% -75% of alcohol when changing varieties and taking pollen, so that cross contamination is avoided, and the number of flowers for each cross combination pollination is at least 3 and more, so as to increase the success probability;
wrapping with tin foil paper: wrapping the post-pollinated stigmas with prepared tinfoil paper in advance, and pinching by hands;
writing a tag hanging label: the label needs to note female parent name x male parent name, record human name and hybridization date;
seed harvesting: after the stigma is wrapped, pollen enters an ovary through a style, a capsule is formed after the ovary is expanded, the capsule is protected from growing for 8-10 weeks or until the capsule is mature, when the seeds are mature, the capsule begins to dry, and the top is cracked to make the mature seeds spill; at the moment, capsules are harvested in time to prevent seeds from scattering; harvesting capsules, hanging labels, and placing in a dry and air-circulation place; seeds of lily are grown in capsules with 3 cells, brown, flat, very thin, filmy.
In this embodiment, wrapping with tinfoil paper wraps the post-pollinated stigma with tinfoil paper prepared in advance, and pinching with hand specifically includes the following steps: cutting the tin foil paper into a square with the size of about 5cm x 5cm, rolling the square on a pencil into a column, sleeving the column head which receives the powder on the tin foil paper, pressing the tin foil paper to be flat, folding the tin foil paper from the upper end, and pinching the tin foil paper by hand to fix the tin foil paper.
In this embodiment, 10 samples were selected from the male parent for the experiment; the female parent lily is selected from 10 samples for experiment.
Comparative examples 1 to 12, the combination of comparative examples in table 1 was operated as follows:
the traditional lily cross pollination step specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) hybrid parent selection: hybridizing different varieties in the same type of lily line; selecting plants which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as hybrid parents;
pre-hybridization tool preparation: preparing tweezers, a culture dish, 70% -75% alcohol, a cotton ball or gauze, a writing brush, a paper bag, a pencil and a label;
taking male parent pollen: selecting robust plants to take pollen, and taking the pollen if the florescence of the parents is the same; if the flowering phase of the male parent and the female parent is different, the male parent pollen can be taken in advance and stored in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for later use; when the variety is changed and pollen is taken, the tweezers and the culture dish are cleaned by alcohol, so that cross contamination is avoided;
removing flowers and male parts of female parent: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers;
pollination: smearing the male parent pollen on a carrier used as female parent hybridization by using a brush pen, and cleaning tweezers and a culture dish by using 70% -75% of alcohol when changing varieties and taking pollen to avoid cross contamination, wherein the number of flowers pollinated by each hybridization combination is at least 3 so as to increase the success probability;
bagging: wrapping the pollinated flowers with a paper bag prepared in advance, and fixing by tightly pinching a pin with hands;
writing a tag hanging label: the label needs to note female parent name x male parent name, record human name and hybridization date;
seed harvesting: wrapping the pollinated flowers, leading pollen to enter an ovary through a style, forming a capsule after the ovary is expanded, protecting the capsule from growing for 8-10 weeks) or until the capsule is mature, and when the seeds are mature, drying the capsule and cracking the top to make the mature seeds shed; at the moment, capsules are harvested in time to prevent seeds from scattering; harvesting capsules, hanging labels, and placing in a dry and air-circulation place; seeds of lily are grown in capsules with 3 cells, brown, flat, very thin, filmy.
In this embodiment, 10 samples were selected from the male parent for the experiment; the female parent lily is selected from 10 samples for experiment.
TABLE 1 Male and female parent combinations of examples 1-12, comparative examples 1-12
The experimental results of examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 12 are shown in tables 2, 3 and 4: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the success rate of hybrid pollination is improved by 37% on average compared with the traditional technology, and the method belongs to great technical progress in the technical field of lily breeding. The time for completing the single flower hybrid pollination is 5-10 minutes (specifically, the total time for emasculation and cutting of stigma of female parent, pollination, wrapping with tinfoil paper and label writing and label hanging) averagely, and the time for completing the single flower hybrid pollination by the traditional method is 10-20 minutes (specifically, the total time for emasculation of female parent, pollination, bagging, pin fixing and label writing and label hanging, 2 steps of bagging and pin fixing are performed in the method for delaying time), so that the method is half of the traditional method, the efficiency can be obviously improved, and the time is saved.
TABLE 2 pollination success ratio test results of examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-12
TABLE 3 results of the experiment on pollination time of individual flowers of examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-12
TABLE 4 Process comparison of two pollination methods
The technology of the invention is a technical improvement of the traditional lily cross pollination method, the pollination time and the pollination success rate of a single flower are superior to those of the traditional lily cross pollination method, and the invention firstly provides that the female parent is stripped and emasculated to cut the stigma in the field of lily breeding: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of the hybrid flowers, cutting the stigma for 1cm-1.5cm to obtain a maternal cut stigma, wherein the pistils are removed and the stigma is cut by using two tools, so that the stigma pollution is avoided; pollination: smearing pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent, and cleaning tweezers and a culture dish by using 70% -75% of alcohol when changing varieties and taking pollen, so that cross contamination is avoided, and the number of flowers for each cross combination pollination is at least 3 and more, so as to increase the success probability; the treatment method has good effect, the pollination success rate is averagely improved by 37 percent, and the method belongs to great technical progress in the technical field of lily breeding.
Claims (3)
1. A method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting a stigma with tinfoil paper is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) hybrid parent selection: hybridizing different varieties in the same type of lily line; selecting plants which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests as hybrid parents;
pre-hybridization tool preparation: preparing tweezers, a culture dish, 70% -75% alcohol, cotton balls or gauze, scissors, tin foil paper, pencils and labels;
taking male parent pollen: selecting robust plants to take pollen, and taking the pollen if the florescence of the parents is the same; if the flowering phase of the male parent and the female parent is different, the male parent pollen can be taken in advance and stored in a refrigerator of 4 ℃ for later use; when the variety is changed and pollen is taken, the tweezers and the culture dish are cleaned by alcohol, so that cross contamination is avoided;
removing flowers and male bodies of female parents and cutting stigmas: selecting at least 3 lily heads on the plant as a carrier for female parent hybridization, and removing other flowers on the plant to ensure the nutrient supply of the hybridized flowers; removing pistils of the hybrid flowers, cutting the stigma for 1cm-1.5cm to obtain a maternal cut stigma, wherein the pistils are removed and the stigma is cut by using two tools, so that the stigma pollution is avoided;
pollination: smearing pollen of the male parent on the cross section of the cut stigma of the female parent, and cleaning tweezers and a culture dish by using 70% -75% of alcohol when changing varieties and taking pollen, so that cross contamination is avoided, and the number of flowers for each cross combination pollination is at least 3 and more, so as to increase the success probability;
wrapping with tin foil paper: wrapping the post-pollinated stigmas with prepared tinfoil paper in advance, and pinching by hands;
writing a tag hanging label: the label needs to note female parent name x male parent name, record human name and hybridization date;
seed harvesting: after the stigma is wrapped, pollen enters an ovary through a style, a capsule is formed after the ovary is expanded, the capsule is protected from growing for 8-10 weeks or until the capsule is mature, when the seeds are mature, the capsule begins to dry, and the top is cracked to make the mature seeds spill; at the moment, capsules are harvested in time to prevent seeds from scattering; harvesting capsules, hanging labels, and placing in a dry and air-circulation place; seeds of lily are grown in capsules with 3 cells, brown, flat, very thin, filmy.
2. The method for lily cross pollination by using tinfoil paper to wrap cut stigmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: wrapping with tinfoil paper, wrapping the post head of the pollinated tinfoil paper prepared in advance, and pinching by hand, specifically comprising the following steps: cutting the tin foil paper into a square with the size of about 5cm x 5cm, rolling the square on a pencil into a column, sleeving the column head which receives the powder on the tin foil paper, pressing the tin foil paper to be flat, folding the tin foil paper from the upper end, and pinching the tin foil paper by hand to fix the tin foil paper.
3. The method for lily cross pollination by using tinfoil paper to wrap cut stigmas as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the male parent lily is selected from any one of charles, king lily, massicot, red life, Janeffe, beauty, pearl, maranini, pearl Jessic card, pearl Sidesxi and chard blue, and the female parent lily is selected from any one of Remona, Yellolin, Baitianshi, red lily and orange lily.
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Address after: 010070 mengcao Baicao garden, shenggaiying lane, shenggaiying village, Xincheng District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Applicant after: Mengcao ecological environment (Group) Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Beijing University of Agriculture Address before: 010070 mengcao Baicao garden, shenggaiying lane, shenggaiying village, Xincheng District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Applicant before: INNER MONGOLIA MONGOLIAN GRASS ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (GROUP) Ltd. Applicant before: Beijing University of Agriculture |
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