CN106106131A - A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method - Google Patents
A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106106131A CN106106131A CN201610505922.7A CN201610505922A CN106106131A CN 106106131 A CN106106131 A CN 106106131A CN 201610505922 A CN201610505922 A CN 201610505922A CN 106106131 A CN106106131 A CN 106106131A
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- hybridization
- masking foil
- flower
- bloomed
- fructus momordicae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
- A01H1/027—Apparatus for pollination
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method, comprise the steps: that masking foil is cut into about 1.5～2.5cm × 3.5～4.5cm size by (1), before maternal female flower and male parent male flower are bloomed 1 day, wrap with masking foil, during bag, keep the elasticity of appropriateness；(2) 6:30～10:30 the next morning, hybridization pollination is carried out: take the male parent male flower wrapped with masking foil the previous day and bloomed when maternal female flower is bloomed, take off the masking foil of the maternal female flower bloomed, carry out artificial pollination, after pollination, maternal female flower is wrapped with masking foil again, hangs up properly labelling.Though the partition method hybrid seed amount of the present invention is not most, but isolation effect is good, simple to operate, does not hinder pistil, and speed is fast, and mark is obvious, and produced first-filial generation Fructus Momordicae charantiae trait expression is basically identical with art methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method.
Background technology
Fructus Momordicae charantiae (Momordica charantia L.) is the cultigen in Cucurbitaceae Momordica, annual herb plant.
Fructus Momordicae charantiae has better nutritivity and is worth and special medical value, very popular.
In the extension process of Fructus Momordicae charantiae, hybrid seed yield is also crucial.Fructus Momordicae charantiae is diclinism plant, and hybrid seeding can use
Spatial separation is removed maternal male flower and is carried out natural hybridization or be manually isolated the method carrying out hybridization pollination again.Use spatial separation side
Method needs to look for around at one 1000 meters not plant Fructus Momordicae charantiae and the most satisfactory seed breeding base of soil environment condition, meets this
The relative difficult of condition.Therefore, on the producing method for seed of Fructus Momordicae charantiae, it is typically chosen the way being manually isolated.
The existing method that is manually isolated mainly includes sulphuric acid paper bag isolation method, aluminium flake isolation method and Grafting clip method, wherein sulfur
Though acid paper bag isolation method mark is substantially, hybrid seed yield is the highest, and first-filial generation purity is good, but operates cumbersome, and the used time is many；Transfer
Connecing folder method simple to operate, the used time is the shortest, and grain weight is the most more, but petal cracky, operation is very careful, and part flower hybridizes
Cannot isolate again after pollination；The operation of aluminium flake isolation method is more difficult, elasticity bad control, the easy landing of pine, tight easily hurts
Certain hidden danger is there is after pistil, and field of dropping in a large number.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art defect, it is provided that a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method, comprises the steps:
(1) masking foil is cut into about 1.5～2.5cm × 3.5～4.5cm size, blooms at maternal female flower and male parent male flower
First 1 day, wrap with masking foil, during bag, keep the elasticity of appropriateness；
(2) 6:30～10:30 the next morning, carries out hybridization pollination when maternal female flower is bloomed: take stannum the previous day
The male parent male flower that foil paper is wrapped and bloomed, takes off the masking foil of the maternal female flower bloomed, and carries out artificial pollination, and pollinate stepmother
This female flower is wrapped with masking foil again, hangs up properly labelling.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, masking foil is cut into 1.8～2.2cm × 3.8～4.2cm size.
It is further preferred that masking foil to be cut into 2.0cm × 4.0m size.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in described step (2), the time of hybridization pollination is the next morning
6:50～10:10.
It is further preferred that in described step (2), the time of hybridization pollination is 7:00～10:00 the next morning.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: though the partition method hybrid seed amount of the present invention is not most, but isolation effect is good,
Simple to operate, do not hinder pistil, speed is fast, mark substantially, and produced first-filial generation Fructus Momordicae charantiae trait expression and art methods base
This is consistent.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of detailed description of the invention technical scheme it is further detailed and describes.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method, comprises the steps:
(1) masking foil is cut into about 1.5～2.5cm × 3.5～4.5cm size (preferably, masking foil is cut into 1.8～
2.2cm × 3.8～4.2cm size, it is further preferred that be cut into 2.0cm × 4.0m size by masking foil), at maternal female flower and
Male parent male flower is bloomed first 1 day, wraps with masking foil, keeps the elasticity of appropriateness during bag；
(2) 6:30～10:30 the next morning (preferably, for 6:50～10:10 the next morning, it is further preferred that
For 7:00～10:00 the next morning), carry out hybridization pollination when maternal female flower is bloomed: take the previous day and wrap with masking foil
And the male parent male flower bloomed, to take off the masking foil of the maternal female flower bloomed, carry out artificial pollination, after pollination, maternal female flower is again
Wrap with masking foil, hang up properly labelling.
The partition method of embodiment 2 present invention and the contrast test of other three kinds of methods of prior art:
1, test particular content
Test kind: green No. 1 Parent in Zhang
1.1 isolating tools: use 4 kinds of isolated materials such as sulphuric acid paper bag, masking foil, Grafting clip, aluminium flake to isolate.
1.2 partition methods: sulphuric acid paper bag is the sack of 6.2 × 16cm, package before flowering by female flower and male flower for 1 day, and
Fix with Grafting clip；Masking foil is cut into 2.0 × 4.0cm size, female flower and male flower within 1 day, is wrapped before flowering；Exist with Grafting clip
Female flower and male flower are bloomed and are clamped gently the previous day at petal afterbody about 0.5cm；Aluminium flake is cut into the strip of 0.3 × 5.0cm, at female flower
Bloom with male flower and be wound around afterbody in petal the previous day；Solarium's booth before Fructus Momordicae charantiae plantation and before blooming respectively with nucleic acid polyhedral body with
Imidacloprids etc. carry out the work of killing of insect pest, and hang yellow plate in canopy, it is ensured that pollinate without insecticide in canopy.
1.3 hybridization pollinations: carry out hybridization pollination at maternal full-bloom stage 8:00～10:00 every morning, use phase after pollination again
The isolating tool answered is isolated, as the female flower after pollination is wrapped with masking foil again.Each partition method does 20, divides 2 days
Carry out, hang label, label is clearly indicated pollination date, kind and partition method.Single fruit seed number, kind is calculated after seed maturity
Sub-100-grain weight, district seed yield.
The hybrid seed that different partition methods produce carries out field planting, every kind of plantation 30m2, repeat for 3 times, observed and recorded
Varietal characteristic, calculates the first female flower joint position, measures that fruit is long, really footpath, single fruit weight, records each community and gathers yield, observe calculate miscellaneous
Strain quantity, calculates first-filial generation purity.
The Cultivate administration of 1.4 Parents: male parent presoaking and germinating on January 20, does sth. in advance 15 days than female parent, 35 days seedling stages, plantation
Seeding row spacing is 80 × 150cm, and female parent strain line-spacing is 50 × 150cm, uses man-like shelf cultivation.Male parent plants 50 strains, planting of maternal
250 strains.The following side shoot of father this 100cm of mu extract, the above side shoot of male parent 100cm be allowed to growth, maternal then select and remain 2-3 bar stalwartness
Side shoot and master are climing, and remaining side shoot is extractd.Before hybridization pollination, once check according to the feature of Parent, remove hybrid strain.
Pest management mainly prevents droop, downy mildew, powdery mildew and melon trypetid, citrus fruit fly, aphid etc..During field planting
With 98% 3000-4000 times of liquid irrigating root of hymexazol wettable powder, in case the generation of droop.With many sulfur suspension, ether bacterium
Esters etc. prevent and treat powdery mildew, anthrax.Downy mildew is prevented and treated with dimethomorph mancozeb, Guan Lu, dimethomorph etc..Use Fruit Flies attractant
Trapping melon trypetid and citrus fruit fly, the killed melon of timely excision is the most buried.
2 result of the tests
The 2.1 different partition method impacts on hybridization pollination efficiency
Using different instrument isolation, operating efficiency is different, refers to table 1.Sulphuric acid paper bag bagging process is cumbersome, the used time
At most；The aluminium flake used time is longer, fixing more difficult during aluminium flake operation, easy to fall off during pine, tightly may hurt alabastrum；Masking foil is the simplest
Single, the used time is shorter；Grafting clip is simple to operate, and the used time is short, but when isolating after hybridization, petal easily breaks, and operation is the least
The heart.In the pollinating process using 4 kinds of different isolating tools, all there is be not isolated from a small quantity female in Grafting clip, aluminium flake, the present invention
The female flower do not pollinated after flower or isolation；Then there is the female flower being not isolated from a small quantity in sulphuric acid paper bag, that does not pollinates after there is not isolation is female
Flower, identifies more apparent.
Table 1, the different isolating tool impact on hybridization pollination efficiency
The 2.2 different partition method impacts on hybridization pollination setting percentage
Different partition methods are different on the impact of the setting percentage after hybridization pollination, are shown in Table 2, and the seed of sulphuric acid paper bag isolation is relatively
Many, hundred grain weight is the most relatively high, and Grafting clip and the seed of present invention isolation and hundred grain weight are placed in the middle, and aluminium flake is relatively low.
Table 2, different isolating tool are on the impact of Fructus Momordicae charantiae setting percentage after hybridization pollination
The 2.3 different partition method impacts on first-filial generation Purity Field
The green No. 1 Fructus Momordicae charantiae variable rate technology in Zhang of 4 kinds of different partition methods productions is sulphuric acid paper bag, Grafting clip, aluminium flake, the present invention
Hybrid strain rate be 0, i.e. purity is 100%, the isolation effect all having had；Green No. 1 character in Zhang that distinct methods produces is shown in Table 3,
Show basically identical in terms of the first female flower saves position, really color, average fruit fruit footpath long, average, in terms of mean fruit weight, the least
There is not significant difference in district's yield aspect.
The green No. 1 Fructus Momordicae charantiae character in Zhang and yield that table 3, different partition method produce show
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, therefore the scope that the present invention implements can not be limited according to this, i.e.
The equivalence change made according to the scope of the claims of the present invention and description with modify, all should still belong in the range of the present invention contains.
Claims (5)
1. a Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
(1) masking foil is cut into about 1.5～2.5cm × 3.5～4.5cm size, before maternal female flower and male parent male flower are bloomed 1
My god, wrap with masking foil, during bag, keep the elasticity of appropriateness；
(2) 6:30～10:30 the next morning, carries out hybridization pollination when maternal female flower is bloomed: take masking foil the previous day
The male parent male flower wrapped and bloomed, takes off the masking foil of the maternal female flower bloomed, carries out artificial pollination, maternal female after pollination
Flower is wrapped with masking foil again, hangs up properly labelling.
2. a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: masking foil is cut into 1.8～2.2cm
× 3.8～4.2cm sizes.
3. Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method as claimed in claim 2 a kind of, it is characterised in that: masking foil is cut into 2.0cm ×
4.0m size.
4. a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (2), hybridization pollination
Time be 6:50～10:10 the next morning.
5. a kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: in described step (2), hybridization pollination
Time be 7:00～10:00 the next morning.
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| CN201610505922.7A CN106106131A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method |
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| CN201610505922.7A CN106106131A (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2016-06-30 | A kind of Fructus Momordicae charantiae hybridization partition method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110810237A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting stigma with tin foil paper |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855277A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海市现代农业发展中心 | Breeding method for bitter gourds with high yield |
| CN105104171A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-02 | 广西大学 | Double male parent mixed pollen pollination crossbreeding method of Momordica charantia L. |
-
2016
- 2016-06-30 CN CN201610505922.7A patent/CN106106131A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855277A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-08-26 | 珠海市现代农业发展中心 | Breeding method for bitter gourds with high yield |
| CN105104171A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-02 | 广西大学 | Double male parent mixed pollen pollination crossbreeding method of Momordica charantia L. |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 孙永平等: "苦瓜露地杂交制种高产技术", 《长江蔬菜》 * |
| 张睿婧等: "百合远缘杂交及其杂种鉴别研究", 《南京林业大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110810237A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-21 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out hybrid pollination on lily by wrapping and cutting stigma with tin foil paper |
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