CN105104171A - Double male parent mixed pollen pollination crossbreeding method of Momordica charantia L. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double male parent mixed pollen pollination crossbreeding method ofMomordica charantia L. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a female parent A and male parents B and C; (2) performing bagged isolation on female flowers and male flowers, blooming the next day, of the female parents and the male parents, mixing pollen of the male flowers of the male parents B and C in equal mass at 8 a.m. the next day, and pollinating stigmas of the female flowers of the female parent A, thereby obtaining a crossing combination A*(B+C); (3) planting fruits of first filial generation of single Momordica charantia L. with seeds reserved, and then observing the characters of fruits of F1 generation, wherein all the seeds of each single Momordica charantia L. are planted in one area, and all single plants in each area are subjected to self pollination; and (4) seeking single plates with the characters of the fruits of F1 generation different from those of the female parent A*the male parent B and the female parent A*the male parent C in each crossing area, and performing selfing on the obtained single plants with seeds reserved, namely performing seed selection, thereby obtaining a new breeding material of Momordica charantia L. The method creates a new path for innovation of breeding materials of Momordica charantia L., and a range of variation of existing breeding materials is effectively broadened.

Description

A kind of balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method

Technical field

The invention belongs to Crop Genetic Breeding technical field, relate to a kind of balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method specifically.

Background technology

Balsam pear (MomordicacharantiaL.) is the annual climbing herb plant of Curcurbitaceae Momordica, originate from the torrid areas in Southeast Asia, be distributed widely in the torrid zone, subtropics and Temperate Region in China, there is long cultivation history China, India, Japan, Yadu, the southeast, China is imported into during the Southern Song Dynasty, go through the cultivation of centuries, define abundant type and kind.It is mainly distributed in the southern provinces and regions such as Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, Hainan, Fujian, Taiwan, Sichuan, Hunan.Show the pharmacology of balsam pear and drug efficacy study, balsam pear has the significantly pharmacological action such as hypoglycemic, antitumor, anti-oxidant, and is extracted various protein from balsam pear fruit and seed.Along with people change to four seasons cultivation from traditional conventional cultivation spring and summer the raising that balsam pear nutrient is worth and many dietotherapy effects are familiar with and cultivation thereof, balsam pear production development is rapid, area under cultivation expands year by year, has effectively promoted carrying out in a deep going way of balsam pear breeding research work.

Output, quality, ripe property, resistance etc. are the important selective goal of balsam pear breeding, and namely the Varieties of Balsam Pear such as cold-resistant, disease-resistant, high yield of seed selection is the vital task of breeder.

At present, balsam pear breeding method mainly contains following several:

(1) variety purification: along with producing the raising required Varieties of Balsam Pear, the primary work of breeding man is purified to the excellent landrace of balsam pear and breed.By fine individual plant selfing, point be compare, method that individual plant or mixed system are selected makes the farm variety mixed become pure.

(2) sexual hybridization breeding: artificial hybridization is carried out to the parent with different merit, carry out many for directed screening and systematic breeding again from the selfing separation offspring of F1 generation, to obtain comprehensive parents' proterties or super close proterties and the metastable new varieties of inheritance, it is an important channel of balsam pear breeding.The kind be bred as by sexual hybridization is had " new No. 2 of fringe ", " verdant No. 1 " etc.

(3) heterosis breeding: at present, people generally recognize and utilize crossbreed to be the effective ways improving crop yield, quality, the proterties such as degeneration-resistant, disease-resistant.Zhou Weibo etc. study the hybrid vigour of balsam pear the earliest, find can be bred as high yield, precocity, disease-resistant balsam pear half-blood by hybrid combination apolegamy, and through inbreeding of more generation purifying, the vitality of its offspring is without obvious decline, inbred line generally through 5-6 for individual plant or Group selection, genotype degree of isozygotying is all higher, can ensure that the purity of parent is to guarantee the quality of hybrid seed.Subsequently, breeding scholar selects the excellent balsam pear half-blood of a collection of Comprehensive Traits in succession, as pork series of products, " No. one, Gui Nong section " and " No. two, Gui Nong section ", " No. 1, Hunan balsam pear " etc.

(4) mutation breeding: mutation breeding utilizes physical mutagen and chemical mutagen Induced variation artificially, obtains the mutant having value in the short period of time, then according to breeding objective requirement, selects the direct Commercial cultivation of new varieties.At present, the Study on mutagenesis breeding of balsam pear is still in the junior stage.Chen little Feng etc. are to through Co ⁶⁰the pollen of radiation carries out short-term preservation research, and pollinates with the pollen of radiation, laying the foundation, also expecting to obtain the variation having value for cultivating monoploid.

During balsam pear sexual hybridization can only a male parent pollen can and maternal Pollination Fertilization, when the pollen mixed pollination of two male parents, the pollen that another one does not participate in fertilization male parent can stimulate hybrid to suddenly change, thus can carry out the innovation of balsam pear breeding material.

At present, utilize balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination hybridization to carry out balsam pear breeding and then rarely have report.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method, when utilizing balsam pear sexual hybridization can only a male parent pollen can and maternal Pollination Fertilization, when the pollen mixed pollination of two male parents, the pollen that another one does not participate in fertilization male parent can stimulate hybrid to suddenly change, thus can seed selection New variety of balsam pear.

For realizing object of the present invention, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method, comprises the following steps:

(1) select maternal A, select male parent B and male parent C;

(2) the female flower bagging isolation that first maternal A will be opened next day, the male flower bagging isolation that simultaneously male parent B and male parent C will be opened next day, in the morning next day 8:00 take the mass mixings such as the male flower pollen of male parent B and male parent C, then pollinate on the female chapiter of maternal A, be namely mixed with hybrid combination A × (B+C);

(3) fruit of the first generation of hybrid divides single melon to reserve seed for planting plantation, all seeds in each single melon plant a community, all individual plant selfing pollinations in each community, observe F1 generation fruit properties until selfing fruit growth to during 15-18d, the plant simultaneously planting A × B and A × C in experimental field contrasts;

(4) in each hybrid community, find out the individual plant that F1 generation fruit properties is different from A × B and A × C, then gained individual plant selfing reserved seed for planting, namely seed selection obtains balsam pear breeding new material.

In technique scheme, the male parent B described in step (1) and A affiliation are comparatively near, male parent C and A affiliation far away.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:

(1) the present invention has started the new way of balsam pear breeding material innovation, effectively can widen the range of variation of existing breeding material.

(2) when method of the present invention utilizes balsam pear sexual hybridization can only a male parent pollen can and maternal Pollination Fertilization, when the pollen mixed pollination of two male parents, the pollen that another one does not participate in fertilization male parent can stimulate hybrid to suddenly change, thus can carry out the innovation of balsam pear breeding material.

(3) method of the present invention can realize quick breeding New variety of balsam pear, is easy to apply in agricultural production, has good commercial promise.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.

embodiment 1:

1.1 test material

Maternal P: Guangxi Qinzhou pork balsam pear (green balsam pear);

Male parent (1) W: the white balsam pear in Fujian (white balsam pear);

Male parent (2) Y: the wild balsam pear in Guangxi (wild balsam pear).

1.2 test procedures:

(1) first by maternal P: the female flower bagging isolation that Guangxi Qinzhou pork balsam pear will open next day, simultaneously by male parent (1) W: the white balsam pear in Fujian and male parent male parent (2) Y: the male flower bagging isolation that the wild balsam pear in Guangxi will open next day, in the morning next day 8:00 take the male flower pollen mixed in equal amounts of male parent (1) and male parent (2), then pollinate on the female chapiter of maternal A, be namely mixed with hybrid combination P × (W+Y);

(2) fruit of the first generation of hybrid divides single melon to reserve seed for planting plantation, all seeds in each single melon plant a community, all individual plant selfing pollinations in each community, observe F1 generation fruit properties until selfing fruit growth to during 15-18d, the plant simultaneously planting P × W and P × Y in experimental field contrasts;

(3) in each hybrid community, find out the individual plant that F1 generation fruit properties is different from P × W and P × Y, then gained individual plant selfing reserved seed for planting, namely seed selection obtains balsam pear breeding new material.Obtain new material 10 parts altogether.

In technique scheme, the male parent W described in step (1) and P affiliation are comparatively near, male parent Y and P affiliation far away.

Breeding work in the embodiment of the present invention completes between 2002-2006, and in balsam pear breeding work afterwards, repeatedly use of the present invention pair of male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method to carry out the innovation of balsam pear breeding material, amount to and obtain balsam pear innovative material more than 100 part.

The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (2)

1. balsam pear two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) select maternal A, select male parent B and male parent C;

(2) the female flower bagging isolation that first maternal A will be opened next day, the male flower bagging isolation that simultaneously male parent B and male parent C will be opened next day, in the morning next day 8:00 take the mass mixings such as the male flower pollen of male parent B and male parent C, then pollinate on the female chapiter of maternal A, be namely mixed with hybrid combination A × (B+C);

(3) fruit of the first generation of hybrid divides single melon to reserve seed for planting plantation, all seeds in each single melon plant a community, all individual plant selfing pollinations in each community, observe F1 generation fruit properties until selfing fruit growth to during 15-18d, the plant simultaneously planting A × B and A × C in experimental field contrasts;

(4) in each hybrid community, find out the individual plant that F1 generation fruit properties is different from A × B and A × C, then gained individual plant selfing reserved seed for planting, namely seed selection obtains balsam pear breeding new material.

2. balsam pear as claimed in claim 1 two male parent pollen mixture pollination cross breeding method, is characterized in that: the male parent B described in step (1) and A affiliation comparatively closely, male parent C and A affiliation far away.