CN110810071A

CN110810071A - Cave dish type onion precision seedling growing machine

Info

Publication number: CN110810071A
Application number: CN201911346920.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯加林; 邵伟; 李广华; 王文; 牛子孺; 李天华
Original assignee: Hualong Shandong Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd; Shandong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Hualong Shandong Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd; Shandong Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-12-24
Filing date: 2019-12-24
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a hole-disk type green Chinese onion precision seedling raising machine which comprises a substrate adding device, a soil pressing and hole digging device, a precision seeding device and an earth covering and scraping device which are sequentially arranged on a chassis, wherein a hole-disk channel is formed below the substrate adding device, the soil pressing and hole digging device, the precision seeding device and the earth covering and scraping device; and the chassis is also provided with a disk feeding device for driving the aperture disk to move from the matrix adding device to the soil covering and scraping device along the aperture disk channel. The invention can complete the operations of hole tray feeding and conveying, matrix adding and soil pressing, hole digging, precision seeding, soil covering and scraping and the like at one time, has automation in the whole process, and greatly improves the seedling raising efficiency of the green Chinese onions; the plug feeding device realizes the automatic and orderly lowering of the plugs; the precision seeding device can meet the seeding requirement of three seeds in one hole, and realizes the precision seeding of the green Chinese onions; the hole disc drives the substrate conveying belt I, the substrate conveying belt II and the seed sowing roller to rotate, the required power is extremely low, and the energy consumption is saved.

Description

Cave dish type onion precision seedling growing machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a hole disc type scallion precision seedling raising machine.

Background

The Chinese onions are one of seasoning vegetables with wide requirements and one of important economic crops, are important advantageous and special agricultural products in parts of Shandong, and are planted in an area of about 800 ten thousand mu in China, wherein the area of about 100 ten thousand mu in Shandong province.

At present, the seedling raising of the green Chinese onion is mainly completed manually, the seedling raising process is influenced by climate factors such as temperature, illumination and the like, the quality and growth vigor of seedlings are uneven, and diseases and insect pests are easy to occur. Therefore, the stability of artificial seedling is poor, the labor intensity is high, the labor and time are wasted, and the efficiency is low. Compared with the traditional seedling culture, the industrialized seedling culture not only saves time and labor, but also has high seedling rate and is convenient for mechanized transplanting. The standardized plug tray for mechanical seedling raising of the green Chinese onions creates conditions for full-automatic transplanting, is beneficial to realizing mechanization of transplanting operation, and is a necessary trend for mechanical planting of the green Chinese onions.

The Chinese patent with the application number of 201830646615.0 provides a green Chinese onion plug seedling seeder, and the machine only realizes the seeding work, and the work such as plug laying, matrix adding, hole digging still need artifical supplementary or other equipment to accomplish, can't satisfy green Chinese onion grower's demand.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a plug-tray type green Chinese onion precision seedling raising machine aiming at the current situation of shortage of the existing green Chinese onion manual seedling raising and seedling raising machines, which can complete plug-tray supply and conveying, matrix adding, soil pressing, hole digging, precision seeding and soil covering and scraping work at one time, saves manpower, improves labor efficiency, improves mechanical automation level and provides an effective solution for green Chinese onion precision seedling raising.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and provides a hole-disk type green Chinese onion precision seedling raising machine which comprises a substrate adding device, a soil-pressing and hole-digging device, a precision seeding device and an earth-covering and earth-scraping device which are sequentially arranged on a chassis, wherein hole-disk channels are formed below the substrate adding device, the soil-pressing and hole-digging device, the precision seeding device and the earth-covering and earth-scraping device; and the chassis is also provided with a disk feeding device for driving the aperture disk to move from the matrix adding device to the soil covering and scraping device along the aperture disk channel.

This scheme is when using, add the device from the matrix and remove to earthing scraper along cave dish passageway through sending a set device promotion cave dish, move from front to back promptly, at cave dish removal in-process, add the matrix in the cave dish hole on the cave dish through the matrix interpolation device, it presses soil and beats the cave with the matrix in the cave dish and carry out the cave to beat the cave through the device of hitting soil and beat the cave, carry out precision seeding through precision seeding device to the cave dish of accomplishing the work of beating the cave, carry out earthing work to the cave dish of accomplishing the seeding through earthing scraper, thereby realized once only accomplishing matrix interpolation, soil pressing, beat the cave, precision seeding and earthing scraper work.

Preferably, the substrate adding device comprises a substrate hopper fixedly arranged on the chassis, a substrate conveying belt I positioned below a discharge port of the substrate hopper and above the hole disc, and a conveying belt transmission gear I driving the substrate conveying belt I to rotate, the conveying belt transmission gear I is in transmission connection with a first gear I, the first gear I is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear II, and the gear II is meshed with a square hole groove in the hole disc. According to the matrix adding device, the square hole grooves in the hole disc are meshed with the gear II, so that the hole disc is driven to rotate when moving, the first gear I is driven to rotate, the matrix conveying belt I is finally driven to rotate, the matrix falling from the matrix hopper is conveyed backwards, and the matrix falls onto the hole disc, and the matrix adding is completed; the action of matrix conveyer belt I and cave dish when having realized, avoided the cave dish not in place and the matrix that leads to is unrestrained, reduced motor quantity simultaneously, the cost is reduced.

Preferably, a scraping plate positioned above the plug is further fixedly arranged between the matrix adding device and the soil compacting and hole digging device, and the lower edge of the scraping plate extends to the top of the plug. According to the optimization scheme, the scraping plate is arranged to flatten the redundant substrates on the plug tray.

Preferably, the chassis is further fixedly provided with a baffle rotating shaft stretching over the hole disc, the baffle rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a movable baffle, the movable baffle is fixedly connected with a directional claw, the lower end of the directional claw is an arc section with an opening facing forwards, the arc section is positioned behind the baffle rotating shaft, and the arch part of the arc section is erected on the hole disc. The orientation claw is lapped on the hole tray under the action of self weight in the optimization scheme, and the arc-shaped section is opened forwards, so that the normal backward movement of the hole tray cannot be influenced.

As optimization, the soil pressing and hole digging device comprises a fixed frame fixedly connected with a chassis, a soil pressing roller I, a hole digging roller and a soil pressing roller II which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the hole tray and are rotationally connected to the fixed frame, the precision seeding device is positioned between the hole digging roller and the soil pressing roller II, a plurality of circles of soil pressing heads which are axially arranged are fixedly arranged on the soil pressing roller I, each circle of soil pressing head comprises a plurality of spherical convex heads which are circumferentially distributed, and the distance between the spherical convex heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the hole tray holes in the length direction; the hole punching roller is fixedly provided with a plurality of circles of hole punching heads which are distributed along the axial direction, each circle of hole punching head comprises a plurality of conical and cylindrical raised heads which are distributed along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads in the length direction of the hole disc. This optimization scheme passes through the rotation of firming roller I, makes firming roller I go up along the ball cylindricality lug that circumference distributes to each row cave dish hole on the cave dish and carry out firming in proper order, and through the rotation of the roller of digging a cave, the awl cylindricality lug that makes on the roller of digging a cave along circumference distribution digs a cave in proper order to each row cave dish hole on the cave dish, through the twice compaction of the cave hole after the firming roller II is to the seeding.

As an optimization, the precision seeding device comprises a seed box which is relatively fixedly arranged with the chassis, a seeding roller which is arranged at a discharge port of the seed box, and a transmission gear which is coaxially and fixedly connected with the seeding roller, wherein the transmission gear is meshed with a square hole groove on the hole disc; the outer surface of the seed roller is provided with a nest hole matched with the seeds, and the inner surface of the seed roller is provided with a seed cleaning groove which is communicated with the nest hole and limits the seeds to pass through; the seed discharging roller is rotatably connected to a central rotating shaft which is relatively fixedly arranged with the chassis, and seed cleaning spring wires which extend into each cell through the seed cleaning groove are fixedly arranged on the central rotating shaft. When the seed sowing device is used, the outer surface of the seed sowing roller is in contact with the discharge hole of the seed box, or the distance between the outer surface of the seed sowing roller and the discharge hole of the seed box is smaller than the minimum size of seeds, the seeds in the seed box fall into the nest holes and fall into the hole of the hole tray along with the rotation of the seed sowing roller, and precision sowing is completed.

As an optimization, a seed filtering plate fixedly connected with the seed box is arranged at the intersection of the seed box and the seed sowing roller, the seed filtering plate is positioned at the rear side of the intersection along the rotation direction of the seed sowing roller, and the distance between the lower edge of the seed filtering plate and the outer surface of the seed sowing roller is smaller than the minimum size of seeds. According to the optimized scheme, the seed filtering plate is arranged, so that redundant seeds in cells on the seed sowing roller can be cleaned, and reseeding is avoided.

Preferably, the seed filter brush is rotatably arranged on the seed carrying side of the seed sowing roller, and bristles extending to the outer surface of the seed sowing roller are arranged on the seed filter brush. This optimization scheme is through straining unnecessary seed in the kind brush goes the nest eye, plays the secondary filter effect, further prevents the reseeding.

Preferably, the soil covering and scraping device comprises a substrate hopper II fixedly arranged on the chassis, a substrate conveyer belt II positioned below a discharge port of the substrate hopper II and above the hole disc, and a conveyer belt transmission gear II driving the substrate conveyer belt II to rotate, wherein the conveyer belt transmission gear II is in transmission connection with a gear III, the gear III is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear IV, and the gear IV is meshed with a square hole groove on the hole disc. This optimization scheme passes through gear IV and the square hole groove meshing on the cave dish, utilizes the removal of cave dish to drive gear IV and rotates, and gear IV drives gear III and rotates to finally drive II rotations of matrix conveyer belt, utilize matrix conveyer belt II to carry the matrix in II matrix hoppers to the cave dish on, carry out the earthing to the cave dish hole after the seeding, guarantee that the seed grows smoothly.

As optimization, the device also comprises a plug supply device positioned in front of the matrix adding device, wherein the plug supply device comprises a box body fixedly connected with the chassis and plug separating devices arranged on two opposite sides of the box body, the plug separating devices comprise drag hook rotating shafts and pawl II shaft sleeves which are rotatably connected with the box body, the pawl II shaft sleeves are positioned above the drag hook rotating shafts, pawl I rotating shafts penetrate through the pawl II shaft sleeves, the drag hook rotating shafts drive the pawl I rotating shafts to rotate in a reciprocating manner through a first crank connecting rod mechanism, and the drag hook rotating shafts drive the pawl II shaft sleeves to rotate in a reciprocating manner through a second crank connecting rod mechanism; the rigid coupling has the cave dish drag hook that extends the cave dish top in the drag hook pivot, the rigid coupling has the pawl II that extends the cave dish bottom on II axle sleeves of pawl, and the rigid coupling has the pawl I that extends cave dish bottom and be good at pawl II in I pivots of pawl. This optimized scheme's cave dish feeding device utilizes the rotation of drag hook pivot to drive I pivot of pawl, II axle sleeves of pawl and do reciprocating motion, and every cave dish is held in turn to pawl I and pawl II, and when the first cave dish of unclamping the bottom of pawl, all the other cave dishes are held in the second support of pawl, and the cave dish drag hook rotates simultaneously along with the drag hook pivot for beat the cave dish of bottom to cave dish feeding device bottom, guarantee to transfer a cave dish at every turn.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the operations of hole tray feeding and conveying, matrix adding and soil pressing, hole digging, precision seeding, soil covering and scraping and the like can be completed at one time, the whole process is automatic, and the seedling raising efficiency of the green Chinese onions is greatly improved;

2. the plug feeding device realizes the automatic and orderly lowering of the plugs;

3. the seed sowing roller designed by the precision sowing device and aiming at the agricultural requirements of the green Chinese onions can meet the sowing requirements of three seeds in one hole, so that the precise sowing of the green Chinese onions is realized;

4. the invention drives the substrate conveying belt I, the substrate conveying belt II and the seed sowing roller to rotate through the hole plate, the required power is extremely low, and the energy consumption is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the chassis of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic axial view of a plug feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the kinematic relationship of the tray feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship among the tray hooks, pawls and trays of the tray supply apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a crank arm structure of the tray feeding device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a plug feed crank arm according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a substrate adding apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a side view of a substrate adding apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic isometric view of a substrate addition apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of an orienting claw according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a stirring device according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the stirring device of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of the soil compacting and hole making device according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the construction of the soil compacting roller of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a precision seed planting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a side view of a precision seed planting device of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the construction of a feed roller according to the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of the structure of the cells and seed cleaning grooves of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the construction of the soil covering and scraping device of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic axial view of the earth covering and scraping device of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a bottom view of a well plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic axial view of a plug of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of a cam oscillating device according to the present invention;

shown in the figure:

1-hole tray supply device, 2-soil compacting and hole digging device, 3-chassis, 4-hole tray frame, 5-proximity switch, 6-earthing and scraping device, 7-precision seeding device, 8-substrate adding device, 9-hole tray, 10-cam vibration device, 11-frame, 12-vibration motor, 13-transmission motor, 14-reducer, 15-guide wheel, 16-bevel gear 17-bevel gear connecting shaft sleeve, 18-drag hook rotating shaft, 19-shaft connecting block, 20-crank arm, 21-box body, 22-transmission gear I, 23-rotating shaft positioning block, 24-pawl II shaft sleeve, 25-pawl I rotating shaft, 26-hole tray drag hook, 27-pawl I, 28-pawl II, 29-bevel gear I, 30-bevel gear II, 31-bevel gear connecting shaft, 32-shaft sleeve supporting plate, 33-guiding tooth, 34-sprocket supporting shaft I, 35-guiding tooth, 36-directional claw, 37-limit bolt sleeve I, 38-limit shaft sleeve I, 39-first gear I, 40-deflector rod, 41-conveyer belt transmission gear I, 42-matrix filter screen, 43-matrix hopper, 44-stirring shaft transmission gear, 45-stirring device, 46-support plate I, 47-scraping plate, 48-movable baffle, 49-limit ring, 50-stirring shaft support frame, 51-stirring rotating shaft, 52-stirring rod, 53-soil compacting roller transmission gear, 54-soil compacting roller I, 55-hole-making roller, 56-soil compacting roller tooth, 57-fixing frame, 58-pressure compacting plate baffle, 59-cylindrical round table, 60-soil compacting roller baffle, 61-flanging shaft sleeve, 62-soil compacting roller rotating shaft, 63-central rotating shaft, 64-seed box support shaft, 65-seed box, 66-seed filtering brush, 67-seed receiving box, 68-seed metering device transmission gear, 69-seed retaining plate, 70-seed filtering plate, 71-depth limit bolt, 69-depth limit bolt, and seed metering device, 72-V type fixed plate, 73-seed limiting plate, 74, spring wire fixing frame, 75-seed cleaning spring wire, 76-nest hole, 77-seed sowing roller, 78-seed cleaning groove, 79-sprocket supporting shaft II, 80-limiting bolt sleeve II, 81-limiting shaft sleeve II, 82-gear III, 83-gear IV, 84-conveyer belt transmission gear II, 85-earthing hopper, 86-supporting plate II, 87-conveyer belt supporting shaft II, 88-, substrate conveyer belt II, 89-scraping device, 90-cross hole, 91-square hole groove, 92-chain buckle, 93-hole, 94-cam vibration rotating shaft, 95-limiting shaft sleeve, 96-cam, 97-cam vibration shaft transmission gear, 98-soil pressing roller II, 99 gear II, 100-substrate conveyer belt I, 101-conveyer belt I, 102-baffle rotating shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present solution is explained below by way of specific embodiments.

The cave dish 9 of this embodiment is used for holding matrix and seed, the horizontal ten rows of cave hole 93 on the cave dish 9, vertical twenty-two row distributes, totally two hundred twenty, each cave hole 93 diameter is 24mm, dark 35mm, cave hole 93 bottom is equipped with cross hole 90, pressure is too big when preventing the compaction matrix and leads to the cave hole to break, cave dish 9 both sides are equipped with square hole groove 91 and are used for with gear engagement, drive matrix conveyer belt I, matrix conveyer belt II and seed metering cylinder 77 rotate, cave dish 9 bottom is equipped with buckle 92 and chain engagement, it goes forward to drive cave dish 9.

As shown in fig. 1, the plug-type spring onion precision seedling raising machine comprises a plug-type feeding device 1, a substrate adding device 8, a soil-pressing and hole-digging device 2, a precision seeding device 7 and an earth covering and scraping device 6 which are sequentially arranged on a chassis, wherein a plug-type channel is formed below the substrate adding device 8, the soil-pressing and hole-digging device 2, the precision seeding device 7 and the earth covering and scraping device 6; and a tray feeding device for driving the hole trays to move from the matrix adding device 8 to the soil covering and scraping device 6 along the hole tray channel is also arranged on the chassis. The chassis 3 is a structural frame of the whole machine and is used for supporting all parts; the plug tray supply device 1 is positioned at the foremost end of the whole machine and is used for conveying a plug tray 9 to a substrate adding device 8; the matrix adding device 8 is positioned between the hole disc supply device 1 and the soil compacting and hole digging device 2 and is fixed on the frame 11 to finish the matrix adding work; the soil-pressing and hole-digging device 2 is positioned in the middle of the whole machine and is used for pressing soil on the substrate in the hole disc 9 and digging holes; the precision seeding device 7 is positioned between the soil pressing and hole digging device 2 and the soil covering and scraping device 6, is fixed on the frame 11, and is used for precision seeding on a hole disk which completes hole digging work; the soil covering and scraping device 6 is positioned behind the precision seeding device 7 and used for covering soil on the sowed hole tray; an aperture disk frame 4 is arranged behind the soil covering and scraping device 6 and used for placing an aperture disk 9 after sowing, and a proximity switch 5 is arranged at the rear end of the aperture disk frame 4.

The disk feeding device comprises a chain meshed with the buckle 92 at the bottom of the plug disk 9 and a transmission motor 13 driving the chain to rotate. The motion and each part action of the hole tray 9 are powered by the transmission motor 13 and the vibration motor 14, when the whole machine starts to work, a power switch is turned on, the hole tray 9 is placed in the hole tray supply device 1, the hole tray 9 moves to the substrate adding device 8 under the driving of a chain, the substrate conveying belt I uniformly conveys and puts the substrates in the substrate hopper I43 into the hole tray 9 under the driving of a gear, after the substrates are added, the scraping plate 47 positioned at the rear side of the substrate adding device 8 scrapes off the redundant substrates in the hole tray 9, then the hole tray 9 completes the soil pressing and hole digging work of the substrates through the soil pressing roller I54 and the hole digging roller 55 respectively, then the hole tray 9 is conveyed to the precision seeding device 7, the seed sowing roller 77 accurately conveys the coated scallion seeds in the seed box 65 into the hole tray 9, the seed filtering brush 66 is responsible for brushing the redundant seeds taken by the seed sowing roller 77 into the seed receiving box 67, preventing replay; the hole disc 9 is compacted for the second time by the soil compacting roller II 98 and then is sent to the soil covering and scraping device 6, the matrix conveyer belt II 88 covers the matrix in the soil covering hopper 85 on the hole disc 9 under the driving of the conveyer belt driving gear II 84, and the matrix on the hole disc 9 is scraped by the soil scraping device 89 at the bottom of the soil covering and scraping device 6; and finally, the plug tray 9 is sent to the plug tray frame 4, the rear end of the plug tray frame 4 is provided with a proximity switch 5, when the plug tray 4 is excessively discharged, the proximity switch 5 is touched, the whole machine stops working, and the plug tray 9 is prevented from falling.

The chassis 3 comprises a frame 11, and a transmission motor 13, a vibration motor 12, a speed reducer 14 and a guide wheel 15 are arranged on the frame 11. The frame 11 is a structural frame of the whole machine and is used for supporting all parts; the transmission motor 13 is matched with the speed reducer 14 to provide power for the whole machine and is arranged at the bottom of the frame 11; the vibration motor 12 is connected with the cam vibration device 10 through a belt, is used for compacting soil and is arranged at the bottom of the frame; the four guide wheels 15 are arranged in a rectangular shape and are arranged at the bottom of the machine frame, and the whole machine can rotate randomly.

The plug tray supply device 1 comprises a transmission gear I22, a bevel gear I29, a bevel gear II 30, a bevel gear connecting shaft 31, a bevel gear connecting shaft sleeve 17, a crank arm 20, a rotating shaft positioning block 23, a bevel gear 16, a shaft connecting block 19, a box body 21 fixedly connected with a chassis and plug tray separating devices arranged on two opposite sides of the box body 21. The plug separating device comprises a draw hook rotating shaft 18 and a pawl II shaft sleeve 24 which are rotatably connected with the box body, the pawl II shaft sleeve 24 is positioned above the draw hook rotating shaft 18, a pawl I rotating shaft 25 penetrates through the pawl II shaft sleeve 24, the draw hook rotating shaft 18 drives the pawl I rotating shaft 25 to rotate in a reciprocating mode through a first crank link mechanism, and the draw hook rotating shaft 18 drives the pawl II shaft sleeve 24 to rotate in a reciprocating mode through a second crank link mechanism; the rigid coupling has the cave dish drag hook 26 that extends the cave dish top on the drag hook pivot 18, the rigid coupling has the pawl II 28 that extends the cave dish bottom on II axle sleeves 24 of pawl, and the rigid coupling has the pawl I27 that extends the cave dish bottom and be good at pawl II 28 on I pivot 25 of pawl, offers the opening that passes through when supplying pawl I27 to rotate on II axle sleeves 24 of pawl.

Specifically, the box body 21 is fixed on the chassis 3 of the seedling raising machine; the transmission gear I22 is rotationally connected to the box body 21 and used for providing power for the plug tray supply device 1; the bevel gear I29 and the transmission gear I22 are fixed on a bevel gear connecting shaft 31 to rotate together; the bevel gear II 30 is meshed with the bevel gear I29, and power is transmitted to the drag hook rotating shaft 18; the plug retractor 26 is two retractors welded on the retractor rotating shaft 18, is positioned at the trisection point of the retractor rotating shaft 18 and performs uniform circular motion along with the retractor rotating shaft 18; the shaft connecting blocks 19 are arranged at two ends of the drag hook rotating shaft 18; the rotating shaft positioning block 23 is fixed on the box body 21 through a bolt and is used for positioning a rotating shaft 25 of the pawl I and a shaft sleeve 24 of the pawl II; seven crank arms 20 are divided into two groups, wherein one square crank arm is a shared component, every four crank arms are connected through connecting shafts to form a crank link mechanism, two ends of one crank link mechanism are respectively connected with a draw hook rotating shaft 18 and a pawl I rotating shaft 25, two ends of the other crank link mechanism are respectively connected with a draw hook rotating shaft 18 and a pawl II shaft sleeve 24, and the crank link mechanism has the function of converting the circular motion of the draw hook rotating shaft 18 into the reciprocating swing of the pawl I rotating shaft 25 and the pawl II shaft sleeve 24; the pawl I27 is welded on a rotating shaft 25 of the pawl I; the pawl II 28 is welded on the pawl II shaft sleeve 24; the shaft sleeve 24 of the pawl II rotates relative to the rotating shaft 25 of the pawl I, and the pawl I27 is slightly longer than the pawl II 28. The whole device is symmetrical, and the above description refers to a single side. The action principle of the crank arm is shown in fig. 9, wherein B rotates around a circle with A as the center of circle to drive the point C to reciprocate along an arc with D as the center of circle, and B₁And C₂Corresponds to, B₂And C₁Correspondingly, B corresponds to C. When the drag hook device works, the transmission gear I22 rotates, the drag hook rotating shaft 18 is driven to rotate at a constant speed through the bevel gear I29 and the bevel gear II 30, and the drag hook rotating shaft 18 drives the pawl rotating shaft 25 and the pawl shaft sleeve 24 of the pawl I to do reciprocating motion back and forth through a crank link mechanism formed by the crank arms 20. Every cave dish 9 is held in turn to pawl I27 and pawl II 28, and pawl II 28 holds in the palm all the other cave dishes 9 when pawl I27 unclamps the cave dish 9 of bottom, and cave dish drag hook 26 rotates simultaneously along with the drag hook pivot for beat down cave dish 9 of bottom to cave dish feeding device 1 bottom, guarantee to transfer a cave dish at every turn, by beat down to cave dish feeding device 1 bottom fall to the chain that send a set device on, through the rotation drive cave dish removal of chain.

The substrate adding device 8 comprises a supporting plate I46, a substrate filtering screen 42, a stirring device 45, a shifting rod 40, a conveying belt supporting shaft I101, a chain wheel supporting shaft I34, a limiting shaft sleeve I38, a limiting bolt sleeve I37, a substrate hopper 43 fixedly arranged on the chassis, a substrate conveying belt I100 positioned below a discharge port of the substrate hopper and above the hole tray, and a conveying belt transmission gear I41 for driving the substrate conveying belt I100 to rotate, wherein the conveying belt transmission gear I41 is connected with a first gear I39 through chain transmission, the first gear I39 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear II 99, and the gear II 99 is meshed with a square hole groove 91 on the hole tray 9.

Specifically, the substrate adding device 8 is positioned at the rear side of the plug feeding device 1 and is used for adding the substrates to the plug 9 from the plug feeding device; the matrix hopper 43 consists of four baffle plates which are welded together, are integrally funnel-shaped, are fixed on the support plate I46 through bolts and are used for containing the matrix; the support plate I46 is formed by fixing two steel plates on a chassis through bolts and plays a role in supporting the whole matrix adding device 8; the feed opening of the substrate hopper 43 is located at the top of the substrate hopper, and a substrate filtering screen 42 for filtering the bulk substrate is provided at the feed opening of the substrate hopper 43. The stirring device 45 is positioned in the middle position of the inner side of the substrate hopper 43 and used for uniformly stirring the substrate, and the stirring device 45 comprises a stirring rotating shaft 51, a stirring rod 52, a limiting ring 49, a stirring shaft supporting frame 50 and a stirring shaft transmission gear 44. The stirring shaft support frames 50 are fixed on two sides of the matrix hopper 43 through bolts, the stirring rotating shaft 51 is fixed on the matrix hopper 43 through the stirring shaft support frames 50 and is in rotating connection with the stirring shaft support frames, the stirring rod 52 is fixed on the stirring rotating shaft 51 through bolts and a limiting ring 49, the limiting ring 49 is welded on the stirring rod 52, the tail end of the stirring rod 52 penetrates through the stirring shaft and is screwed through a nut, and the limiting ring 49 and the nut jointly fix the stirring rod 52 and prevent the stirring rod 52 from moving. The stirring shaft transmission gear 44 is installed at the end of the stirring rotating shaft 51 outside the substrate hopper 43, and is used for providing power for the stirring device 45. Two sides of the substrate conveying belt I100 are provided with a conveying belt supporting shaft I101, the center of the conveying belt supporting shaft I101 is provided with a threaded hole which is fixed on the supporting plate I46 through a bolt and is positioned below the substrate hopper 43 for conveying the substrates to the plug tray 9; the conveying belt transmission gear 41 and the substrate conveying belt I100 are fixed on the same rotating shaft, and the conveying belt transmission gear 41 drives the substrate conveying belt I100 to move.

A scraping plate 47 positioned above the plug is also fixedly arranged between the matrix adding device 8 and the soil compacting and hole digging device 2, and the lower edge of the scraping plate extends to the top of the plug. The scraping plate 47 of this embodiment is an open plate fixed on the support plate i 46 by a scraping plate support shaft, and is located at the rear side of the substrate adding device 8 for leveling the excess substrate on the plug tray 9.

The device also comprises a guide tooth fixing shaft 33 fixedly connected with the chassis, wherein a plurality of guide teeth 35 are fixedly connected to the guide tooth fixing shaft, extend along the moving direction of the cavity tray and correspond to the width direction gaps between two adjacent rows of cavities. The guide teeth 35 in this embodiment are three identical trapezoidal plates, and are fixed on the support plate i 46 by the guide teeth fixing shaft 33, so that the plug tray 9 can smoothly pass through the substrate adding device.

The chassis is further fixedly provided with a baffle rotating shaft 102 stretching over the hole disc, the baffle rotating shaft 102 is rotatably connected with a movable baffle 48, the movable baffle is fixedly connected with a directional claw 36, the lower end of the directional claw is an arc section with an opening forward, and the arc section is positioned behind the baffle rotating shaft and an arch part of the arc section is erected on the hole disc. The movable baffle plate 48 of the embodiment is fixed on the support plate I46 through the baffle plate rotating shaft 102, two orientation claws 36 are welded in the middle of the movable baffle plate 48, when the plug tray 9 passes through, the movable baffle plate 48 can be driven to rotate, and when the plug tray 9 moves reversely, the orientation claws 36 hook the plug holes 93 to stop moving, so that the unidirectional movement of the plug tray is ensured.

The gear I39 and the gear II 99 are installed on the chain wheel support shaft I34, the position is fixed through the limiting shaft sleeve I38 and the limiting bolt sleeve I37, the gear II 99 is meshed with the square hole grooves 91 on the two sides of the plug tray 9, and the gear I is connected with the conveying belt transmission gear 41 through a chain to drive the substrate conveying belt I100 to rotate. The deflector rod 40 is located beside the gear I39 and the gear II 99, when the substrate does not need to be added, the deflector rod is pulled, the gear I39 and the gear II 99 move upwards to be in a suspended state, the square hole grooves 91 on the two sides of the hole disc 9 are separated from the gear II 99, and the substrate conveying belt I100 stops rotating.

The chassis 3 is further provided with a cam vibration device 10, the cam vibration device 10 is located below the substrate adding device 8 and is arranged at a rear position, and comprises a cam vibration rotating shaft 94, a cam 96, a limiting shaft sleeve 94 and a cam vibration shaft driving wheel 97, the cam 96 is arranged in the middle of the cam vibration rotating shaft 94 through the limiting shaft sleeve 94, and the tail end of the cam vibration rotating shaft 94 is provided with the cam vibration shaft driving wheel 97 which is connected with the vibration motor 12 through a belt. When the plug 9 passes over the cam after the matrix adding device 8 finishes the matrix adding operation, the cam vibrating device 10 vibrates the matrix in the plug.

The soil pressing and hole digging device 2 comprises a fixing frame 57 fixedly connected with a chassis, a soil pressing roller I54, a hole digging roller 55 and a soil pressing roller II 98 which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the hole tray and are rotatably connected to the fixing frame, a precision seeding device is positioned between the hole digging roller and the soil pressing roller II, a plurality of circles of soil pressing heads which are axially arranged are fixedly arranged on the soil pressing roller I54, each circle of soil pressing heads comprises a plurality of spherical columnar raised heads which are circumferentially distributed, the distance between the spherical columnar raised heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the hole tray holes in the length direction, and the arc length corresponding to the two spherical columnar raised heads which are circumferentially adjacent is equal to the distance between the two hole tray holes which are circumferentially adjacent. A plurality of circles of punching heads which are distributed along the axial direction are fixedly arranged on the punching roller 55, each circle of punching head comprises a plurality of conical and cylindrical raised heads which are distributed along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads in the length direction of the hole disc.

Specifically, the soil compacting and hole digging device further comprises a pressure plate baffle 58 and pressure plate teeth 56. The fixing frame 57 is a steel plate with a threaded hole and is fixed on the chassis 3 through a stud; the soil compacting roller I54 and the soil compacting roller II 98 respectively comprise a soil compacting roller rotating shaft 62, a soil compacting roller baffle sheet 61, a flanging shaft sleeve 60, a soil compacting roller transmission gear 53 and a cylindrical circular truncated cone 59; the soil compacting roller rotating shaft 62 is rotatably connected to the fixing frame 57, the cylindrical round tables 59 are coaxially and tightly abutted to the soil compacting roller rotating shaft 62 to form a soil compacting roller, a soil compacting roller retaining sheet 61 and a flanging shaft sleeve 60 are installed at one end of the soil compacting roller, a soil compacting roller transmission gear 53 is installed at the other side of the soil compacting roller, three threaded holes are distributed in the soil compacting roller retaining sheet 61, and the three threaded holes correspond to the holes in the spherical cylindrical round tables and are used for fixing the soil compacting roller. The punching roller 55 comprises a punching roller rotating shaft, a punching roller retaining sheet, a flanging shaft sleeve II and a conical round table. The rotary shaft of the punching roller is rotationally connected to the fixing frame, the conical round platforms and the rotary shaft of the punching roller are coaxially and tightly abutted to form the punching roller, punching roller blocking pieces and flanging shaft sleeves II are mounted at two ends of the punching roller, three threaded holes are distributed in the punching roller blocking pieces, and the three threaded holes correspond to the holes in the conical round platforms and are used for fixing the punching roller; the soil pressing roller I54 and the soil pressing roller II 98 are respectively positioned at the rear sides of the matrix adding device 8 and the precision seed sowing device 7 and are used for compacting the matrix and the seeds. The hole digging roller 55 is positioned between the substrate adding device 8 and the precision seed sowing device 7 and is used for completing hole digging work of the substrates in the hole tray 9, the pressing tray teeth 56 are arranged below the soil pressing roller I54, the soil pressing roller II 98 and the hole digging roller 55 to prevent the hole tray 9 from shaking up and down, and the pressure plate retaining sheet 58 is arranged below the precision seed sowing device 7 to prevent the hole tray 9 from shaking up and down.

Preferably, the soil compacting roller is formed by transversely arranging ten cylindrical round tables on a soil compacting roller rotating shaft, each cylindrical round table is provided with eight spherical cylindrical raised heads, and the distance between arcs formed by the two spherical cylindrical raised heads is set to be 28mm according to the distance between two holes of the plug tray. The punching roller is formed by transversely arranging ten conical cylindrical circular truncated cones on a rotating shaft of the punching roller, each conical cylindrical circular truncated cone is provided with eight conical cylindrical raised heads, and the distance between arcs formed by the two conical cylindrical raised heads is set to be 28mm according to the distance between two holes of the hole disc.

The precision seeding device 7 is fixed on the frame 11, the precision seeding device 7 comprises a seed baffle plate 69, an inoculation box 67, a depth-limiting long bolt 71, a V-shaped fixing plate 72, a seed box fixing shaft 64, a seed limiting plate 73, a spring wire fixing plate 74, a transmission gear 68, a central rotating shaft 63, a seed box 65 which is relatively fixedly arranged with the chassis, a seed discharging roller 77 which is arranged at a seed box discharging port, and a transmission gear 68 which is coaxially and fixedly connected with the seed discharging roller, wherein the transmission gear 68 is meshed with a square hole groove 91 on the plug tray 9. The seed box 65 is in a funnel shape and is positioned above the seed sowing roller 77 and used for containing seeds; the depth-limiting long bolt 71 is fixed on the front side of the seed box 65 through a V-shaped fixing plate 72, the bottom end of the depth-limiting long bolt 71 is welded with the seed-limiting plate 73, and the seed-limiting plate 73 is controlled to move up and down by adjusting the height of the depth-limiting long bolt 71, so that the amount of seeds is controlled.

The outer surface of the seed roller is provided with a nest 76 matched with the seeds, and the inner surface of the seed roller is provided with a seed cleaning groove 78 communicated with the nest and used for limiting the seeds to pass through. The seed roller is rotatably connected to a central rotating shaft 63 which is relatively fixed with the chassis, and seed cleaning spring wires 75 which extend into each cell through the seed cleaning groove are fixedly arranged on the central rotating shaft. Specifically, the seeding roller 77 is designed such that three cells 76 are arranged in a triangular array, and a seed cleaning groove 78 is arranged inside the seeding roller 77 to prevent seeds from blocking the cells 76; the seed cleaning spring wire 75 is fixed on the spring wire fixing plate 74, the spring wire fixing plate 74 is installed on the central rotating shaft, the size of the seed cleaning groove 78 is not large enough to accommodate one seed to pass through, the bottom end of the seed cleaning spring wire 75 enters the nest hole 76 through the bottom end of the seed cleaning groove 78, the seed in the nest hole 76 is ejected out and falls into the hole 93.

The intersection of the seed box and the seed sowing roller is provided with a seed filtering plate 70 fixedly connected with the seed box, the seed filtering plate is positioned at the intersection along the rear side of the rotation direction of the seed sowing roller, the distance between the lower edge of the seed filtering plate and the outer surface of the seed sowing roller is smaller than the minimum size of seeds, and the seed filtering plate 70 is used for cleaning redundant seeds in the upper nest hole 76 of the seed sowing roller 77. And a hair filtering brush 66 rotatably arranged above the seed carrying side of the seed discharging roller, wherein the hair filtering brush is provided with brush hairs extending to the outer surface of the seed discharging roller and used for brushing off redundant seeds in the cells 76, thereby playing a role of secondary filtering and preventing replay.

The seed baffle 69 is an arc baffle with the radian consistent with that of the seed sowing roller 77, is tightly attached to the outer surface of the seed sowing roller 77, prevents seeds from falling in advance after the seed sowing roller 77 rotates to a certain angle, and ensures that the seeds accurately fall into the plug tray 9. The seed receiving box 67 is positioned above the seed discharging roller 77, is fixed behind the seed filtering brush 66 and is used for receiving the redundant seeds brushed by the seed filtering brush 66; the side surface of the seeding roller 77 is provided with a transmission gear 68 fixed on the central rotating shaft 63, when the hole disc 9 is conveyed by the thrust of the subsequent hole disc, the square hole grooves 91 on the two sides of the hole disc 9 drive the seeding roller 77 to rotate, and power is provided for the seeding roller 77.

The soil covering and scraping device 6 comprises a substrate hopper II 85 fixedly arranged on the chassis through a support plate II 86, a substrate conveying belt II 88 positioned below a discharge port of the substrate hopper II 85 and above the hole disc, and a conveying belt transmission gear II 84 driving the substrate conveying belt II 88 to rotate, wherein the conveying belt transmission gear II 84 is connected with a gear III 82 through chain transmission, the gear III 82 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear IV 83, and the gear IV 83 is meshed with a square hole groove 91 on the hole disc 9.

Specifically, the earthing scraper of this embodiment further includes a sprocket support shaft ii 79, a limit shaft sleeve ii 81, a limit bolt sleeve ii 80, a conveyor belt support shaft ii 87, and a scraping device 89. The soil covering and scraping device 6 is positioned at the rear side of the precision seeding device 7 and covers a substrate for a plug tray 9 which finishes seeding operation through the precision seeding device 7; the matrix hopper II 85 is composed of four baffle plates which are welded together, are integrally funnel-shaped, are fixed on the support plate II 86 through bolts and are used for containing the matrix; the support plate II is formed by fixing two steel plates on the chassis 3 through bolts and plays a role in supporting the whole matrix adding device 6; two sides of the matrix conveying belt II 88 are provided with conveying belt supporting shafts II 87, the centers of the conveying belt supporting shafts II 87 are provided with threaded holes which are fixed on the supporting plate II 86 through bolts and positioned below the matrix hopper II 85 for conveying the matrix to the plug tray 9; the conveying belt transmission gear II 84 and the substrate conveying belt II 88 are fixed on the same rotating shaft, and the conveying belt transmission gear II 84 drives the substrate conveying belt 88 to move; the scraping device 89 is a V-shaped rubber support, is fixed on the support plate II 86 through bolts, is positioned at the rear side of the soil covering and scraping device 6, and is used for flattening redundant substrates on the plug tray 9; the gear III 82 and the gear IV 83 are arranged on the chain wheel support shaft II 79, the positions are fixed by the limiting shaft sleeve II 81 and the limiting bolt sleeve II 80, the gear IV 83 is meshed with the square hole grooves 91 on the two sides of the plug tray, and the gear III is in chain transmission with the conveying belt transmission gear II 84 through a chain to drive the substrate conveying belt II 88 to rotate.

The rear of earthing scraper sets firmly cave plate rail 4, and cave plate rail 4 is located the rearmost of whole machine, and one end and earthing scraper 6 fixed connection, the other end support subaerial through two spinal branch framves, installs proximity switch 5 at the end of cave plate rail 4, and when the cave dish 9 of putting was too much, on proximity switch 5 was touched to cave dish 9, the complete machine stop work prevented that cave dish 9 from dropping.

The plug-type spring onion precision seedling raising machine can complete plug feeding and conveying, matrix adding, soil pressing, hole digging, precision seeding and soil covering and scraping at one time, greatly saves manpower and improves operation efficiency.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a cave disk type shallot smart volume machine of growing seedlings which characterized in that: the soil covering and hole digging device comprises a substrate adding device (8), a soil pressing and hole digging device (2), a precision seeding device (7) and a soil covering and soil scraping device (6) which are sequentially arranged on a chassis, wherein a hole disk channel is formed below the substrate adding device (8), the soil pressing and hole digging device (2), the precision seeding device (7) and the soil covering and soil scraping device (6); and a disc feeding device for driving the hole disc to move from the substrate adding device (8) to the soil covering and scraping device (6) along the hole disc channel is further arranged on the chassis.

2. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the matrix adding device (8) comprises a matrix hopper (43) fixedly arranged on a chassis, a matrix conveying belt I (100) positioned below a discharge port of the matrix hopper and above a hole disc, and a conveying belt transmission gear I (41) driving the matrix conveying belt I (100) to rotate, wherein the conveying belt transmission gear I (41) is in transmission connection with a first gear I (39), the first gear I (39) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear II (99), and the gear II (99) is meshed with a square hole groove (91) in the hole disc (9).

3. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: a scraping plate positioned above the plug is fixedly arranged between the matrix adding device (8) and the soil pressing and hole digging device (2), and the lower edge of the scraping plate extends to the top of the plug.

4. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: still set firmly baffle pivot (102) that span in cave dish top on the chassis, rotate on baffle pivot (102) and connect adjustable fender (48), the last rigid coupling of adjustable fender has directional claw, the lower extreme of directional claw is opening segmental arc forward, and the segmental arc is located baffle pivot rear and the hunch portion of segmental arc and sets up on the cave dish.

5. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil pressing and hole digging device (2) comprises a fixed frame (57) fixedly connected with a chassis, a soil pressing roller I (54), a hole digging roller (55) and a soil pressing roller II (98) which are sequentially arranged along the moving direction of the hole tray and are rotationally connected to the fixed frame, a precision seeding device is positioned between the hole digging roller and the soil pressing roller II, a plurality of circles of soil pressing heads which are axially arranged are fixedly arranged on the soil pressing roller I (54), each circle of soil pressing head comprises a plurality of spherical cylindrical raised heads which are circumferentially distributed, and the distance between the spherical cylindrical raised heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the hole tray holes in the length direction;

a plurality of circles of punching heads which are distributed along the axial direction are fixedly arranged on the punching roller (55), each circle of punching head comprises a plurality of conical and cylindrical raised heads which are distributed along the circumferential direction, and the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads on the same circle is matched with the distance between the conical and cylindrical raised heads in the length direction of the hole disc holes.

6. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the precision seeding device (7) comprises a seed box which is relatively fixedly arranged with the chassis, a seeding roller (77) which is arranged at the discharge port of the seed box, and a transmission gear (68) which is coaxially and fixedly connected with the seeding roller, wherein the transmission gear (68) is meshed with a square hole groove (91) on the hole disc (9);

the outer surface of the seed roller is provided with a pocket matched with the seeds, and the inner surface of the seed roller is provided with a seed cleaning groove (78) communicated with the pocket and used for limiting the seeds to pass through;

the seed sowing roller is rotationally connected to a central rotating shaft (63) which is relatively fixed with the chassis, and seed cleaning spring wires which extend into each cell through the seed cleaning groove are fixedly arranged on the central rotating shaft.

7. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: seed case and seed metering cylinder junction be equipped with seed case rigid coupling strain the kind of a seed, strain the kind of a seed and be located the rear side of seed metering cylinder direction of rotation is followed to the junction, strains the lower limb of kind of a seed and is less than seed minimum dimension with the interval of seed metering cylinder surface.

8. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the seed filtering brush is rotatably arranged on the seed carrying side of the seed sowing roller, and bristles extending to the outer surface of the seed sowing roller are arranged on the seed filtering brush.

9. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the soil covering and scraping device (6) comprises a substrate hopper II (85) fixedly arranged on a chassis, a substrate conveying belt II (88) located below a discharge port of the substrate hopper II (85) and above a hole disc, and a conveying belt transmission gear II (84) driving the substrate conveying belt II (88) to rotate, the conveying belt transmission gear II (84) is in transmission connection with a gear III (82), the gear III (82) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear IV (83), and the gear IV (83) is meshed with a square hole groove (91) in the hole disc (9).

10. The plug-type onion precision seedling raising machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plug tray feeding device comprises a plug tray feeding device (1) and a plug tray feeding device, wherein the plug tray feeding device (1) is positioned in front of a matrix adding device (8), the plug tray feeding device comprises a box body (21) fixedly connected with a chassis and plug tray separating devices arranged on two opposite sides of the box body (21), the plug tray separating devices comprise drag hook rotating shafts (18) and pawl II shaft sleeves (24) which are rotatably connected with the box body, the pawl II shaft sleeves (24) are positioned above the drag hook rotating shafts (18), pawl I rotating shafts (25) penetrate through the pawl II shaft sleeves (24), the drag hook rotating shafts (18) drive the pawl I rotating shafts (25) to rotate in a reciprocating mode through a first crank-link mechanism, and the drag hook rotating shafts (18) drive the pawl II shaft sleeves (24) to rotate in;

the rigid coupling has cave dish drag hook (26) that extend the cave dish top on drag hook pivot (18), the rigid coupling has II (28) of the pawl that extend the cave dish bottom on II axle sleeves (24) of pawl, and the rigid coupling has I (27) of the pawl that extend the cave dish bottom and be good at II (28) of pawl on I pivot (25) of pawl.