CN110792439A - Caving method for horizontal ore pillar after stoping by stage stope room mining method - Google Patents
Caving method for horizontal ore pillar after stoping by stage stope room mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110792439A CN110792439A CN201911225608.3A CN201911225608A CN110792439A CN 110792439 A CN110792439 A CN 110792439A CN 201911225608 A CN201911225608 A CN 201911225608A CN 110792439 A CN110792439 A CN 110792439A
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- ore
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- removal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The invention discloses a caving method of a horizontal ore pillar after stoping by a stage stope method, which belongs to the technical field of mining and comprises the following steps: a mine removal access and a mine removal tunnel are arranged in the vertical ore pillars on two sides of the horizontal ore pillar, a rock drill is arranged in the mine removal tunnel on the opposite side of the mine removal access, and the rock drill is used for drilling an inclined long hole in the mine removal tunnel towards the direction of the horizontal ore pillar; and filling explosive into the long hole to collapse the horizontal pillar. According to the caving method provided by the invention, holes do not need to be drilled in the ore removal route, further, the ores accumulated in the ore removal route do not need to be cleaned, the broken rocks of the bottom plate in the ore removal route do not need to be cleaned, and the horizontal ore pillars can be mined by arranging the inclined long holes in the ore removal roadway on the opposite side of the ore removal route; when meeting the requirement of blasting treatment of the horizontal ore pillar, the method greatly reduces the number of drilled holes, reduces the construction difficulty, reduces the number of invalid holes, increases the utilization rate of the holes, and reduces the construction cost and the construction time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a caving method of a horizontal ore pillar after stoping by a stage chamber mining method.
Background
Underground mining usually adopts a large-diameter deep hole stage stoping method, a large amount of empty areas (goafs) are formed in the upper and lower stages after stoping, horizontal pillars and vertical pillars between two middle stages are left to support surrounding rocks together, and stoping of the pillars is continuously carried out subsequently. For the extraction of the horizontal ore pillar, the ore removal tunnels in the vertical ore pillars on the two sides of the horizontal ore pillar are used as rock drilling tunnels, a row of medium-length holes are drilled from the rock drilling tunnels on the two sides to the direction of the horizontal ore pillar respectively to form a left row of medium-length holes and a right row of medium-length holes, the medium-length holes in the same row are arranged in a fan shape to form a fan-shaped medium-length hole, the fan-shaped top point is positioned on the central line of the rock drilling tunnels, the row surface direction of the fan-shaped medium-length holes is perpendicular to the direction of the central line of. For example, the chinese patent application No. 201610351422.2 discloses a blasting stoping method for a horizontal pillar in a sublevel stoping method, which is to use the method to perform stoping on the horizontal pillar, and compared with the conventional filling method or caving method, the sublevel stoping method for the horizontal pillar in the sublevel stoping method has the advantages of high operation safety, small influence on the stability of a vertical pillar, and high blasting stoping efficiency.
However, in actual construction, in the application process of the horizontal pillar stoping method of the chamber at the above stage, the existing ore removal access is generally piled up by large blocks of ores, the amount of the ores remained in the dead zone cannot be estimated, and the problems of large construction amount and high construction cost exist in cleaning the ore removal access ores, and the problems of the construction cost and the construction period are bound to be influenced. Meanwhile, the site construction proves that even if all ores of the ore removal access are removed, the drilling machine cannot open holes and punch holes because the rocks of the roadway floor of the ore removal access are broken, and the cost and the time are required to be continuously increased by adopting the excavator to clean the broken rocks of the roadway floor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to solve the problem that the horizontal ore pillar can not be drilled after the stope of the stage room mining method when the ore removal route is not cleaned.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a caving method of horizontal ore pillars after stoping by a stage stope method comprises the following steps:
step 1: a mine removal access and a mine removal tunnel are arranged in the vertical ore pillars on two sides of the horizontal ore pillar, a rock drill is arranged in the mine removal tunnel on the opposite side of the mine removal access, and the rock drill is used for drilling an inclined long hole in the mine removal tunnel towards the direction of the horizontal ore pillar;
step 2: and filling explosive into the long hole to collapse the horizontal pillar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the caving method of the horizontal ore pillar after the mining by the stage stope method, provided by the invention, the horizontal ore pillar can be mined without punching in the ore removal route, further without cleaning the ore accumulated in the ore removal route and without cleaning broken rocks of the bottom plate in the ore removal route, and the horizontal ore pillar can be mined by arranging the inclined long holes in the ore removal tunnel at the opposite side of the ore removal route, so that the problems that the horizontal ore pillar cannot be mined due to the fact that the rock cannot be drilled and distributed at the ore removal route and cannot be mined are solved; compared with the arrangement of the fan-shaped medium-length holes in the roadways at the two sides, the blasting treatment requirement of the horizontal ore pillars is met, the number of drilled holes is greatly reduced, the construction difficulty is reduced, the number of invalid holes is reduced, the utilization rate of the holes is increased, and the construction cost and the construction time are reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a stope structure of a caving method of horizontal pillars after stoping by a stage room mining method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
description of reference numerals: 1. ore removal and access; 2. a mine removal roadway; 3. a long hole; 4. a gob; 5. horizontal pillars; 6. vertical pillar.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, achieved objects, and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments.
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: and drilling the inclined long hole by a method of punching a hole in the ore removal roadway on the opposite side of the ore removal access way.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the caving method of the horizontal pillar after the stope of the stage room mining method of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: a mine removal access 1 and a mine removal tunnel 2 are arranged in vertical pillars 6 on two sides of a horizontal pillar 5, a rock drill is arranged in the mine removal tunnel 2 on the opposite side of the mine removal access 1, and an inclined long hole 3 is drilled by the rock drill towards the horizontal pillar 5;
step 2: explosive is filled into the long hole 3, and the horizontal ore pillar 5 is collapsed.
The ore removal tunnel is the back that the ore deposit room substructure (U type groove) formed, and the tunnel of arranging in the ore deposit pillar of ore deposit room both sides is located the middle of ore deposit pillar, and mainly used ore loading, haulage vehicle's entering utilize the ore removal route to pull out the ore in the ore deposit room.
The ore removal route is a transport vehicle which is used for communicating the ore removal roadway with the ore room at a certain distance in the ore removal roadway so as to enter the ore room and loading the ore in the ore room to the ore removal roadway after the ore removal roadway is formed and under the condition that the stability of ore pillars is not influenced, and the communicating section is called as the ore removal route.
The arrangement of the ore removal access road can be vertical to the ore removal roadway and also can be obliquely crossed with the ore removal roadway, and the problems of the stability of ore pillars and the operability of mechanical equipment are mainly considered.
From the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: according to the caving method of the horizontal ore pillar after the mining by the stage stope method, provided by the invention, the horizontal ore pillar can be mined without punching in the ore removal route, further without cleaning the ore accumulated in the ore removal route and without cleaning broken rocks of the bottom plate in the ore removal route, and the horizontal ore pillar can be mined by arranging the inclined long holes in the ore removal tunnel at the opposite side of the ore removal route, so that the problems that the horizontal ore pillar cannot be mined due to the fact that the rock cannot be drilled and distributed at the ore removal route and cannot be mined are solved; compared with the arrangement of the fan-shaped medium-length holes in the roadways at the two sides, the blasting treatment requirement of the horizontal ore pillars is met, the number of drilled holes is greatly reduced, the construction difficulty is reduced, the number of invalid holes is reduced, the utilization rate of the holes is increased, and the construction cost and the construction time are reduced.
Further, the long hole 3 comprises a charging section and a hollow hole section, and the charging section is positioned in the horizontal pillar 5.
From the above description, through setting up the powder charge section in horizontal ore pillar, can effectively reduce the influence of blasting to vertical ore pillar, keep the stability of vertical ore pillar, the section is packed in the setting that can also be further.
Further, when the ore removal tunnel 2 is also arranged in the vertical ore pillar 6 at the opposite side of the ore removal tunnel 2 of the vertical ore pillar 6 at one side, two long holes 3 are additionally formed.
From the above description, it can be known that the blasting stoping efficiency can be further improved by additionally forming two long holes in the ore removal roadway of the vertical ore pillar on the opposite side of the ore removal roadway of the vertical ore pillar on one side.
Further, the long hole 3 is a non-through hole.
From the above description, it can be known that the vertical pillars can be effectively protected by arranging the non-through holes, and the vertical pillars are prevented from being damaged.
Further, the length of each roll of explosive filled in the step 2 is 0.25 m.
Example 1:
a caving method of a horizontal ore pillar 5 after stoping by a stage stope method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: a mine removal access 1 and a mine removal tunnel 2 are arranged in vertical pillars 6 on two sides of a horizontal pillar 5, a rock drill is arranged in the mine removal tunnel 2 on the opposite side of the mine removal access 1, and an inclined long hole 3 is drilled by the rock drill towards the horizontal pillar 5;
step 2: filling explosive into the long hole 3, and collapsing the horizontal ore pillar 5; the long hole 3 comprises a charging section and a hollow hole section, the charging section is positioned in the horizontal pillar 5, and the long hole 3 is a non-through hole.
In this example, the length of the 14-5# chamber is 80m, the thickness of the horizontal pillar 5 is 8.62m, and the treating amount is about 19052.8m3. Drilling and charging parameters are shown in table 1 (in this example, row 28 of a 14-5 stope is taken as an example, and the rest is similar).
Example 2:
the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 2, when the ore removing lane 2 is also provided in the vertical pillar 6 on the opposite side of the ore removing lane 2 of the vertical pillar 6 on one side, two long holes 3 are additionally formed.
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1:
the difference between the method and the device in example 1 and example 2 is that in comparative example 1, the traditional two-side drilling mode (both the ore removal access and the ore removal roadway are drilled) is adopted for processing, the ore in the ore removal access is cleaned before drilling, and the drilling and charging parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The costs of example 1 and comparative example 1 were accounted for and compared, and the results are shown in table 3.
Drilling tunnels on two sides (including a ore removal route and an ore removal tunnel) to the direction of a horizontal ore pillar respectively (comparative example 1): the row spacing is 1.6m, when two sides are drilled oppositely, 50 rows are arranged, and the total drilling meter number of each row is calculated according to the drilling quantity of 170 m: 50 × 170 ═ 8500m, which is calculated on average for 50m, and which consumes 170 bits, which is calculated for 640 bits each, and which consumes bit costs: 640 × 170 ═ 10.88 ten thousand yuan, each shift is calculated according to 50m, then 170 shifts are needed, each shift has 2 people, each person pay is calculated according to 200 yuan/shift, and the drilling labor cost is as follows: 170 × 400 ═ 6.8 ten thousand yuan; the abrasion of the drilling machine, the consumption of spare parts and the like are not counted, and the total drilling cost is 17.68 ten thousand yuan.
One-sided drilling inclined long hole (embodiment 1): the row spacing is calculated according to 2m, if the deep holes on one side are arranged, 40 rows are arranged, each row is calculated according to the perforation quantity of 120m, and the total drilling meter is obtained as follows: 40 × 120 — 4800m, with an average of 50m bits, would consume 96 bits, with 640 bits each, consuming bit costs: 640 × 96 is 6.144 ten thousand yuan, each shift is calculated according to 50 meters, then 96 shifts are needed, each shift has 2 persons, each person pay is calculated according to 200 yuan/shift, and the drilling labor cost is as follows: 96 × 400 ═ 3.84 ten thousand yuan; the abrasion of the drilling machine, the consumption of spare parts and the like are not counted, and the total drilling cost is 9.984 ten thousand yuan.
The method comprises the following steps: after the drilling design is optimized, the drilling cost is saved by 7.696 ten thousand yuan. The depreciation of the drilling machine, the consumption of spare parts, the consumption of the initiating explosive materials and the like are not calculated.
TABLE 3
By carrying out accounting and comparison on the cost of the embodiment 1 and the cost of the comparative example 1 and combining with the table 3, on the basis of not counting to clean the ore and the broken rock of the bottom plate accumulated in the ore removal access, compared with the traditional mode of drilling holes on two opposite sides, the caving method provided by the invention can obviously save the labor and material cost of construction, and meanwhile, the construction period can be greatly shortened and the construction cost can be further reduced because the ore and the broken rock of the bottom plate accumulated in the ore removal access do not need to be cleaned.
In conclusion, according to the caving method of the horizontal pillar after the mining by the stage stope method, provided by the invention, the horizontal pillar can be mined without punching in the ore removal route, further without cleaning ores accumulated in the ore removal route and without cleaning broken rocks of the bottom plate in the ore removal route, and the horizontal pillar can be mined by arranging the inclined long holes in the ore removal tunnel at the opposite side of the ore removal route, so that the problems that the horizontal pillar cannot be mined due to the fact that the ores cannot be drilled and distributed at the ore removal route and cannot be mined are solved; compared with the arrangement of the fan-shaped medium-length holes in the roadways at the two sides, the blasting treatment requirement of the horizontal ore pillars is met, the number of drilled holes is greatly reduced, the construction difficulty is reduced, the number of invalid holes is reduced, the utilization rate of the holes is increased, and the construction cost and the construction time are reduced.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to the related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A caving method of horizontal ore pillars after stoping by a stage stope method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: a mine removal access and a mine removal tunnel are arranged in the vertical ore pillars on two sides of the horizontal ore pillar, a rock drill is arranged in the mine removal tunnel on the opposite side of the mine removal access, and the rock drill is used for drilling an inclined long hole in the mine removal tunnel towards the direction of the horizontal ore pillar;
step 2: and filling explosive into the long hole to collapse the horizontal pillar.
2. The method of caving in a horizontal pillar after stoping in a staged room mining process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the slot comprises a charged section and a hollow section, the charged section being located within the horizontal pillar.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein two long holes are additionally drilled when a mine removal roadway is also provided in the vertical pillar on the opposite side of the mine removal roadway of the vertical pillar on one side.
4. The method of caving in horizontal pillars after stage room mining, according to claim 1, wherein the long holes are non-through holes.
5. The method of caving in horizontal pillars after stage room mining, according to claim 1, wherein the explosive charge in step 2 is 0.25m per coil length.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911225608.3A CN110792439A (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Caving method for horizontal ore pillar after stoping by stage stope room mining method |
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| CN201911225608.3A CN110792439A (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Caving method for horizontal ore pillar after stoping by stage stope room mining method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111350506A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 海南矿业股份有限公司 | Goaf roof treatment blast hole arrangement method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4076312A (en) * | 1974-07-29 | 1978-02-28 | Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. | Method and apparatus for retorting oil shale at subatmospheric pressure |
| CN102619513A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-01 | 中南大学 | Room and pillar type medium-length hole filling mining method using bottom ore withdrawal structures simultaneously arranged in original rock |
| CN103437769A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 中南大学 | Medium-length hole ore breaking synergistic anchor cable support subsequent filling mining method of combined reconstructed structural body |
| CN106014414A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 福建海峡科化富兴建设工程有限公司 | Explosion stoping method for horizontal ore pillar of sublevel caving mining method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-04 CN CN201911225608.3A patent/CN110792439A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4076312A (en) * | 1974-07-29 | 1978-02-28 | Occidental Oil Shale, Inc. | Method and apparatus for retorting oil shale at subatmospheric pressure |
| CN102619513A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-01 | 中南大学 | Room and pillar type medium-length hole filling mining method using bottom ore withdrawal structures simultaneously arranged in original rock |
| CN103437769A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 中南大学 | Medium-length hole ore breaking synergistic anchor cable support subsequent filling mining method of combined reconstructed structural body |
| CN106014414A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-10-12 | 福建海峡科化富兴建设工程有限公司 | Explosion stoping method for horizontal ore pillar of sublevel caving mining method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111350506A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-30 | 海南矿业股份有限公司 | Goaf roof treatment blast hole arrangement method |
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