CN110785307A - 混合动力车辆的变速器总成 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的变速器总成 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110785307A
CN110785307A CN201780092688.2A CN201780092688A CN110785307A CN 110785307 A CN110785307 A CN 110785307A CN 201780092688 A CN201780092688 A CN 201780092688A CN 110785307 A CN110785307 A CN 110785307A
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transmission
clutch
input shaft
planetary gear
transmission assembly
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CN201780092688.2A
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CN110785307B (zh
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T.加斯曼
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GKN Automotive Ltd
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GKN Automotive Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H1/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
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    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/48Parallel type
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H2200/0034Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising two forward speeds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于具有内燃机(3)和电机(4)的混合动力车辆(2)的变速器总成(1),其中,内燃机(3)的第一驱动扭矩(5)和电机(4)的第二驱动扭矩(6)可以经由变速器总成(1)传递至混合动力车辆(2)的驱动轴(7),其中,变速器总成(1)至少具有以下部件:‑第一变速器输入轴(8),内燃机(3)的第一驱动扭矩(5)可经由第一变速器输入轴(8)被引入变速器总成(1)中;‑第二变速器输入轴(9),电机(4)的第二驱动扭矩(6)可经由第二变速器输入轴(9)被引入变速器总成(1)中;‑驱动轴(7);以及至少第一行星齿轮变速器(10),其至少具有以下部件:‑第一齿圈(11),第一行星齿轮架(12)和第一恒星齿轮(13);其中,第一变速器输入轴(8)经由第一行星齿轮变速器(10)连接至第二变速器输入轴(9)并连接至驱动轴(7)。

Description

混合动力车辆的变速器总成
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于具有内燃机和电机的混合动力车辆的变速器总成。电机既可以用来驱动混合动力车辆,也可以用来起动内燃机。此外,它可以由内燃机驱动,并因此作为用于将动能转换成电能的发电机来操作。变速器总成用于将至少电机和/或内燃机的驱动扭矩选择性地传递至混合动力车辆的至少一个驱动轴。混合动力车辆的驱动轴布置在变速器总成和混合动力车辆的车轮之间。
背景技术
用于具有内燃机和(单个)电机的混合动力车辆的这种变速器总成是已知的。这些结构简单的变速器总成尤其不包括动力换挡变速器,从而内燃机的驱动扭矩通过单个恒定传动传递给驱动轴。然而,这种变速器总成的缺点在于,由于恒定传动,内燃机只能在混合动力车辆的一定速度以上(特别是在每小时50公里以上的速度以上)连接至驱动轴。在达到该速度之前,纯电动驱动模式是必须的。第一电机必须被设计为相应地功率强大的。
发明内容
由此出发,本发明的目的是至少部分地解决与现有技术相关地概述的问题。特别地,提出了一种用于混合动力车辆的变速器总成,其使得也可以使用内燃机来起动混合动力车辆。因此,具有较低功率的电机可以用于混合动力车辆。
根据专利权利要求1的特征的变速器总成为此作出贡献。在从属专利权利要求中提供了有利的进一步发展。在专利权利要求中独立列出的特征可以以技术上便利的方式彼此组合,并且可以通过来自说明书中的说明性事实和来自附图中的细节进行补充,其中表明了本发明的另外的实施例变型。
提出了一种用于具有内燃机和电机的混合动力车辆的变速器总成,其中,内燃机的第一驱动扭矩和电机的第二驱动扭矩可以经由变速器总成被传递到混合动力车辆的驱动轴上,其中,变速器总成至少包括以下部件:
(1)第一变速器输入轴,经由该第一变速器输入轴,内燃机的第一驱动扭矩可以被引入变速器总成中;
(2)第二变速器输入轴,经由该第二变速器输入轴,电机的第二驱动扭矩可以被引入变速器总成中;
(3)驱动轴;以及
(4)至少第一行星齿轮变速器,其至少具有第一齿圈、第一行星齿轮架和第一恒星齿轮的部件;
其中,第一变速器输入轴经由第一行星齿轮变速器连接至第二变速器输入轴并连接至驱动轴。在此上下文中,连接的尤其是指第一变速器输入轴的旋转引起行星齿轮变速器的至少一个部件的旋转。通过变速器总成可实现所有以下操作模式:
a. 仅经由第二驱动扭矩驱动驱动轴;
b. 经由第一驱动扭矩和第二驱动扭矩驱动驱动轴,其中,第一变速器输入轴和第二变速器输入轴经由恒定传动连接在一起。
c. 经由(仅)第一驱动扭矩或经由(仅)第二驱动扭矩驱动驱动轴,其中,驱动扭矩(即第一驱动扭矩和第二驱动扭矩)可以经由恒定的第一传动被传递(至驱动轴),以及(至少第一驱动扭矩)另外经由恒定的第二传动被传递(至驱动轴)。
特别是,另外以下操作模式也是能实现的:
d. 经由第一驱动扭矩和第二驱动扭矩驱动驱动轴,其中,第一变速器输入轴和第二变速器输入轴经由变速传动连接在一起。
优选地,另外以下操作模式也是能实现的(替代地或除d之外):
e. 经由第二变速器输入轴驱动第一变速器输入轴以起动内燃机。
优选地,变速器总成包括第一离合器,其中,第一离合器经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴连接至第二变速器输入轴,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴或第二变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器的一个部件。
根据第一实施例,第二变速器输入轴通过恒定传动经由第一齿圈以永久可旋转固定的方式连接至第一行星齿轮变速器。在这里,以永久可旋转固定的方式尤其是指在第二变速器输入轴和第一齿圈之间没有设置离合器。因此,第二变速器输入轴的旋转将总是引起第一齿圈的旋转。特别地,第一离合器经由第一齿圈将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器,从而第一变速器输入轴可以以可旋转固定但在这里以可接合/可分离的方式连接至第二变速器输入轴。
尤其是,第一变速器输入轴以可旋转固定的方式(并且没有离合器)连接至第一恒星齿轮。如果第二变速器输入轴由此经由第一齿圈连接至第一行星齿轮变速器,则第一行星齿轮变速器可经由第一离合器被锁定。优选地,可以设置第二离合器,经由该第二离合器,第一变速器输入轴可以以可接合/可分离的方式连接至内燃机的曲轴。
根据第二实施例,第二变速器输入轴通过恒定传动经由第一恒星齿轮以可旋转固定的方式、优选地以永久可旋转固定的方式连接至第一行星齿轮变速器。在这里,以永久可旋转固定的方式是指在第二变速器输入轴和第一恒星齿轮之间没有设置离合器。特别地,第一离合器经由第一恒星齿轮将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器,从而第一变速器输入轴可以以可旋转固定但在这里以可接合/可分离的方式连接至第二变速器输入轴。
特别地,变速器总成包括第二离合器,其中,第二离合器被设置用于经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将内燃机的曲轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器。第二离合器尤其也可以布置在变速器总成的壳体的外部。特别地,然后,第一变速器输入轴经由第二离合器以可接合/可分离的方式连接至内燃机的曲轴。
根据另一有利的实施例,优选地在第一实施例的范围内,变速器总成包括第二行星齿轮变速器,该第二行星齿轮变速器至少具有以下部件:第二齿圈,第二行星齿轮架和第二恒星齿轮,其中,第一行星齿轮变速器经由第二行星齿轮变速器连接至驱动轴。
第二行星齿轮变速器尤其形成所谓的变速齿轮传动装置,从而第一驱动扭矩和/或第二驱动扭矩可以至少经由由第二行星齿轮变速器提供的两个可能的传动被传递至驱动轴。
特别地,变速器总成包括第三离合器,其中,第三离合器以可接合/可分离的方式将第二行星齿轮变速器的两个部件连接在一起,因此第二行星齿轮变速器可以被锁定。由于第二行星齿轮变速器的锁定,第二行星齿轮变速器的所有部件(即第二齿圈,第二行星齿轮架和第二恒星齿轮)以共同的转速旋转。由此提供第二传动。
特别地,变速器总成包括第四离合器,其中,第四离合器以可接合/可分离的方式将第二行星齿轮变速器的一个部件连接至变速器总成的壳体。该一个部件的转速因此可以降低到零。然后,经由第一行星齿轮变速器引入第二行星齿轮变速器的扭矩(第一扭矩和/或第二扭矩)经由第二行星齿轮变速器的(未固定至壳体的)部件传递至驱动轴。
根据另一有利实施例,优选地在第一实施例的范围内,变速器总成包括第二传动系统,其中,第二传动系统提供两种可能的传动。特别地,驱动扭矩(第一驱动扭矩和/或第二驱动扭矩)因此可以经由第一行星齿轮变速器传递至第二传动系统并且经由第二传动系统传递至驱动轴。第二传动系统尤其包括第一传动和第二传动,所述第一传动可以经由第三离合器连接至驱动轴,所述第二传动可以经由第四离合器连接至驱动轴。在第一传动的情况下,驱动扭矩从第一行星齿轮变速器的一个部件(例如从第一行星齿轮架)开始经由第二传动系统传递至驱动轴。在第二传动的情况下,驱动扭矩从第一行星齿轮变速器的另一部件(例如从第一齿圈)开始经由第二传动系统传递至驱动轴。
根据另一个有利的实施例,优选地在第二实施例的范围内,变速器总成包括作为唯一的行星齿轮变速器(并且作为唯一的传动系统)的第一行星齿轮变速器。
特别地,变速器总成(其优选地仅包括单个传动系统,即第一行星齿轮变速器)包括第一离合器和第五离合器,其中,第一离合器经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴连接至第二变速器输入轴,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器的一个部件,其中,第五离合器经由恒定传动将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器的另一部件。
优选地,第一离合器将第一变速器输入轴连接至第二变速器输入轴并连接至第一恒星齿轮。特别地,第五离合器将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一齿圈。
作为具有第五离合器的形式的替代,变速器总成(其优选地仅包括单个传动系统,即第一行星齿轮变速器)包括第一离合器和第六离合器,其中,第一离合器经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴连接至第二输入轴,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器的一个部件,其中,第六离合器经由恒定传动将第二变速器输入轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器的另一部件。
根据另一有利实施例,优选地在第二实施例的范围内,变速器总成包括第七离合器,其中,第七离合器以可接合/可分离的方式将第一行星齿轮变速器的一个部件连接至变速器总成的壳体。
特别地,驱动轴经由第一行星齿轮架连接至第一行星齿轮变速器。
还提出了一种混合动力车辆,其具有内燃机和电机,并且还具有如上所述的变速器总成,其中,内燃机的第一驱动扭矩和电机的第二驱动扭矩可以经由变速器总成传递至混合动力车辆的驱动轴。特别地提出,变速器总成或混合动力车辆包括第二离合器,该第二离合器经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将内燃机的曲轴连接至第一行星齿轮变速器。第二离合器也可以与内燃机相关联并且因此布置在变速器总成的壳体的外部。然后,第一变速器输入轴经由第二离合器以可接合/可分离的方式连接至曲轴。
与传动装置总成相关的说明同样适用于混合动力车辆,并且反之亦然。
电机一方面可以用于为驱动轴提供第二驱动扭矩。另一方面,它也可以作为发电机经由内燃机运行,并因此用于给蓄电装置充电。
电机尤其还用于起动内燃机。
第一行星齿轮变速器或第二行星齿轮变速器尤其至少包括齿圈、行星齿轮架和恒星齿轮。在齿圈和恒星齿轮之间优选地以已知的方式布置有多个行星齿轮,所述多个行星齿轮可旋转地布置在行星齿轮架上。
特别地,两个部件可以经由离合器以基于摩擦或形状锁合的方式连接在一起。通过至少两个连接配对件的相互接合来形成形状锁合的连接。由此,即使没有力传递或力传递中断,连接配对件也不能彼此分离。换句话说,在形状锁合连接中,一个连接配对件妨碍了另一连接配对件。例如经由以爪形离合器形式的离合器产生两个部件的形状锁合连接。基于摩擦(或还基于力)的连接需要在待连接在一起的表面上的法向力。只要不超过由粘附摩擦提供的反作用力,就防止它们的相互移位。例如经由以摩擦离合器形式的离合器产生两个部件的基于摩擦的连接。离合器不限于特定形式的离合器。
根据一个优选的实施例,驱动轴为差速器的壳体,其中,差速器包括第一输出轴和第二输出轴,该第一输出轴和第二输出轴可经由壳体被驱动。特别地,第一输出轴和第二输出轴为混合动力车辆的车轴的组成部分,其中,混合动力车辆的车轮可经由每个输出轴来驱动。
变速器总成代表一种能够再利用的多模式变速器,其可以通过各种操作方法进行操作。驱动轴由此用(可选地相加的)驱动扭矩(也就是说,第一驱动扭矩和/或第二驱动扭矩)驱动。
在电动操作方法(EM;驱动轴的驱动扭矩对应于第二驱动扭矩)中,驱动轴仅经由电机驱动。第一驱动扭矩尤其为零,因此内燃机不运行。尤其是,由此具有曲轴的内燃机以及尤其第一变速器输入轴与第一行星齿轮变速器断开。
在并联混合动力操作方法(PM;驱动轴的驱动扭矩由第一驱动扭矩和第二驱动扭矩组成)中,驱动轴由电机和内燃机驱动。
在PM操作方法的情况下,一方面存在CVT(无级变速)操作方法(CVTM);内燃机和电机经由变速传动连接在一起;内燃机为驱动轴提供第一驱动扭矩;电机为驱动轴提供第二驱动扭矩;电机可选地同样作为发电机运行),其中,驱动轴由电机和内燃机驱动,其中,内燃机和电机之间的转速差可以经由电机的功率输入/输出被补偿,该电机也可以作为发电机运行。在CVT操作方法中,因此可以通过电机的操作(旋转方向,转速,第二驱动扭矩)来改变驱动轴的转速。因此,尤其是在驱动轴的特定转速范围内,内燃机可以在最佳的操作点(对于消耗而言)运行,其中,所需的转速以及可选地实现驱动轴的所需驱动扭矩额外需要(或用于减速)的驱动扭矩由电机提供作为第二驱动扭矩。
在CVT操作方法中,蓄电装置,例如混合动力车辆的存储装置,可以在混合动力车辆的行驶操作期间经由作为发电机运行的电机来充电。在CVT操作方法中,在低速和中速范围内内燃机由电机支持,并且使电机作为发电机运行。在更高的速度下,电机尤其从混合动力车辆的存储装置中被供电,并且支持内燃机,由于第一驱动扭矩和第二驱动扭矩加在一起以形成驱动轴的驱动扭矩。
另一方面,在PM操作方法中,存在直接驱动操作方法(DM;内燃机和电机经由恒定传动连接在一起;第一电机根据需要经由作为发电机的内燃机被驱动;内燃机为驱动轴提供第一驱动扭矩,可选地为减去或加上第二驱动扭矩,其中,驱动轴由内燃机驱动,并且另外可选地由电机驱动。可选地,第二驱动扭矩可以经由电机从内燃机的第一驱动扭矩转向。内燃机和电机经由恒定传动连接在一起。
在电起动操作方法(eStart;驱动轴的驱动扭矩对应于第一驱动扭矩)中,内燃机由电机驱动和起动。由此,电机、内燃机和第一变速器输入轴与驱动轴断开。
在说明书中使用数词(“第一”,“第二”,“第三”等)时,它们(除非另外明确指出)仅用于区分,并不表示顺序或相互依存关系。
附图说明
下面将参考附图更详细地解释本发明和技术背景。应当指出,本发明不限于所示的示例性实施例。特别地,除非另外明确指出,还可能提取附图中解释的事实的部分方面,并将其与本说明书和/或附图中的其他组成部分和发现相结合。相同的附图标记表示相同的物体,从而可以在适当的地方另外使用来自其他附图的说明。在示意图中:
图1示出了具有根据第一实施例变型的变速器总成的混合动力车辆;
图2示出了根据第二实施例变型的变速器总成;
图3示出了根据第三实施例变型的变速器总成;
图4示出了根据第四实施例变型的变速器总成;
图5示出了根据第五实施例变型的变速器总成;
图6示出了根据第六实施例变型的变速器总成;以及
图7示出了根据第七实施例变型的变速器总成。
具体实施方式
图1示出了具有根据第一实施例变型的变速器总成1的混合动力车辆2。混合动力车辆2包括内燃机3,电机4,发电机34和变速器总成1,发电机34以永久可旋转固定的方式(也就是说,没有离合器)连接至内燃机。经由变速器总成1,内燃机3的第一驱动扭矩5和电机4的第二驱动扭矩6可被传递至混合动力车辆2的驱动轴7。变速器总成1至少包括以下部件:第一变速器输入轴8,内燃机3的第一驱动扭矩5可以经由第一变速器输入轴8被引入变速器总成1中;第二变速器输入轴9,电机4的第二驱动扭矩6可以经由第二变速器输入轴9被引入变速器总成1中;驱动轴7;以及具有第一齿圈11、第一行星齿轮架12和第一恒星齿轮13的部件的第一行星齿轮变速器10。第一变速器输入轴8经由第一行星齿轮变速器10连接至第二变速器输入轴9并连接至驱动轴7。在此上下文中,连接是指第一变速器输入轴8的旋转引起行星齿轮变速器10的至少一个部件(这里为第一齿圈11)的旋转。经由变速器总成1,可以实现所有以下操作模式:
a. 仅经由第二驱动扭矩6驱动驱动轴7;
b. 经由第一驱动扭矩5和第二驱动扭矩6驱动驱动轴7,其中,第一变速器输入轴8和第二变速器输入轴9经由恒定传动连接在一起;
c. 经由(仅)第一驱动扭矩5或经由(仅)第二驱动扭矩6驱动驱动轴7,其中,驱动扭矩(即第一驱动扭矩5和第二驱动扭矩6)可以经由恒定的第一传动14并且另外经由恒定的第二传动15传递至驱动轴7;
d. 经由第一驱动扭矩5和第二驱动扭矩6驱动驱动轴7,其中,第一变速器输入轴8和第二变速器输入轴9经由变速传动连接在一起;
e. 经由第二变速器输入轴9驱动第一变速器输入轴8以用于起动内燃机3。
变速器总成1包括第一离合器16,其中,第一离合器16经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第二变速器输入轴9,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10的第一齿圈11。
根据上述第一实施例,第二变速器输入轴9在这里通过恒定传动经由第一齿圈11以永久可旋转固定的方式连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10。此外,第一离合器16经由第一齿圈11将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10,从而第一变速器输入轴8可以以可旋转固定但可接合/可分离的方式连接至第二变速器输入轴9。
第一变速器输入轴8以可旋转固定的方式(并且没有离合器)连接至第一恒星齿轮13。因为第二变速器输入轴9由此经由第一齿圈11连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10,所以第一行星齿轮变速器10可以经由第一离合器16被锁定。
这里还设置有第二离合器17,第一变速器输入轴8经由该第二离合器以可接合/可分离的方式连接至内燃机3的曲轴18。
变速器总成1另外包括第二行星齿轮变速器19,该第二行星齿轮变速器19至少具有以下部件:第二齿圈20,第二行星齿轮架21和第二恒星齿轮22,其中,第一行星齿轮变速器10经由第二行星齿轮变速器19连接至驱动轴7。第二行星齿轮变速器19在这里形成所谓的变速齿轮传动装置,从而第一驱动扭矩5和/或第二驱动扭矩6可经由由第二行星齿轮变速器19提供的两个可能的传动14、15传递至驱动轴7。
为此,变速器总成1包括第三离合器23,其中第三离合器23以可接合/可分离的方式将第二行星齿轮变速器19的两个部件(在这里为第二行星齿轮架21和第二齿圈20)连接在一起,因此,第二行星齿轮变速器19可以被锁定。由于第二行星齿轮变速器19的锁定,第二行星齿轮变速器19的所有部件(即第二齿圈20,第二行星齿轮架21和第二恒星齿轮22)以共同的转速旋转。由此提供了第二传动15。
变速器总成1还包括第四离合器24,其中,第四离合器24以可接合/可分离的方式将第二行星齿轮变速器19的部件之一(在这里为第二齿圈20)连接至变速器总成1的壳体25。第二齿圈20的转速因此可以降低到零。然后,经由第一行星齿轮变速器10引入第二行星齿轮变速器19中的驱动扭矩(第一驱动扭矩5和/或第二驱动扭矩6)经由第二行星齿轮变速器19的部件21、22(未固定至壳体25)传递至驱动轴7。
驱动轴7为差速器30的壳体,其中,差速器30包括第一输出轴31和第二输出轴32,第一输出轴31和第二输出轴32可经由壳体被驱动。第一输出轴31和第二输出轴32为混合动力车辆2的车轴33的组成部分,其中,混合动力车辆2的车轮可经由输出轴31、32中的每者来驱动。
在电动操作方法(EM;驱动轴7的驱动扭矩对应于第二驱动扭矩6)中,驱动轴7仅经由电机4驱动。第一驱动扭矩5尤其为零,因此内燃机3不运行。从而内燃机3和第一变速器输入轴8经由未被致动的第二离合器17与电机4断开。
在这里这可以通过闭合第一离合器16并断开第二离合器17来实现。通过相应地接合/分离第三离合器23和第四离合器24,第二驱动扭矩6可以通过第二行星齿轮变速器19的第一传动14或第二传动15传递至驱动轴7。
在串联混合动力操作方法(SM;驱动轴7的驱动扭矩对应于第二驱动扭矩6)中,驱动轴7仅经由电机4驱动。此外,发电机34经由内燃机3运行。由此内燃机3和第一变速器输入轴8经由未被致动的第二离合器17与第一行星齿轮变速器10和电机4分离。
在并联混合动力操作方法(PM;驱动轴7的驱动扭矩由第一驱动扭矩5和第二驱动扭矩6组成)中,驱动轴7由电机4和内燃机3驱动。
在PM操作方法的情况下,一方面存在CVT(无级变速)操作方法(CVTM1和CVTM2;内燃机3和第一电机4经由第一行星齿轮变速器10的变速传动连接在一起;第一电机4为驱动轴7提供第二驱动扭矩6;内燃机3为驱动轴7提供第一驱动扭矩5,加上或减去第二驱动扭矩6;以及电机4可选地同样作为发电机运行),其中,驱动轴7由电机4和内燃机3驱动,其中,内燃机3和电机4之间的转速差可以经由电机4的功率输入/输出进行补偿,电机4也可以作为发电机运行。因此,在CVT操作方法中,可以通过电机4的操作(旋转方向,转速,第二驱动扭矩6)来改变驱动轴7的转速。因此,尤其是在驱动轴7的特定转速范围内,内燃机3可以在最佳的操作点(对于消耗而言)运行,其中,所需的转速以及可选地实现驱动轴7的所需驱动扭矩额外需要(或用于减速)的驱动扭矩由电机4提供作为第二驱动扭矩6。
在CVT操作方法中,蓄电装置,例如混合动力车辆2的存储装置可以在混合动力车辆2的行驶操作期间经由作为发电机运行的电机4来充电。在CVT操作方法中,在低速和中速范围内内燃机3由电机4支持,并且可选地额外地操作发电机34。在更高的速度下,然后电机4尤其从混合动力车辆2的存储装置中被供电,并且支持内燃机3,因为第一驱动扭矩5和第二驱动扭矩6加在一起以形成驱动轴7的驱动扭矩。
CVT操作方法可以通过断开第一离合器16并闭合第二离合器17来实现。通过相应地接合/分离第三离合器23和第四离合器24,第二驱动扭矩6可以通过第二行星齿轮变速器19的第一传动14(CVTM1)或第二传动15(CVTM2)传递至驱动轴7。
另一方面,在PM操作方法的情况下,存在直接驱动操作方法(DM;内燃机3和电机4经由恒定传动连接在一起;电机4根据需要作为发电机经由内燃机3被驱动;内燃机3为驱动轴7提供第一驱动扭矩6,可选地为减去或加上第二驱动扭矩6),其中,驱动轴7由内燃机3驱动,并且另外可选地由电机4驱动。可选地,第二驱动扭矩6可以经由电机4从内燃机3的第一驱动扭矩5转向。内燃机3和电机4经由恒定传动连接在一起。通过闭合的第一离合器16和闭合的第二离合器17实现恒定传动。
在电起动操作方法(eStart;第一驱动扭矩5对应于第二驱动扭矩6)中,内燃机3由电机4驱动和起动。由此内燃机3和第一变速器输入轴8经由被致动的第一离合器16和被致动的第二离合器17与第二变速器输入轴9联接。驱动轴7经由未被致动的第三离合器23和未被致动的第四离合器24与驱动轴7断开。
在牵引起动操作方法中(牵引起动;经由第二驱动扭矩6驱动驱动轴7,通过电机4起动内燃机3),在驱动轴7被驱动的情况下,经由电机4起动内燃机3。为此,第二驱动扭矩6的一部分被转向到内燃机3的曲轴18,而驱动轴7继续经由第二驱动扭矩6的剩余扭矩被驱动。为此,在第一离合器16被致动的情况下,第二离合器17以受控的方式闭合。
下文针对变速器总成1的此第一实施例变型指出用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器16、17、23、24的接合/分离状态:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
CVTM1: 经由第1档传递驱动扭矩的CVT操作方法
CVTM2: 经由第2档传递驱动扭矩的CVT操作方法
EM: 电动操作方法
DM: 直接驱动操作方法
第一离合器: 第一离合器的接合/分离状态
第二离合器: 第二离合器的接合/分离状态
第三离合器: 第三离合器的接合/分离状态
第四离合器: 第四离合器的接合/分离状态
第五离合器: 第五离合器的接合/分离状态
第六离合器: 第六离合器的接合/分离状态
第七离合器: 第七离合器的接合/分离状态
VM: 内燃机的状态
EM: 电机的状态
O: 离合器断开; 可以经由离合器连接的部件彼此独立旋转;VM或EM未运行
X: 离合器闭合;通过离合器连接的部件以可旋转固定的方式连接在一起,VM或EM处于运行状态(也就是说,在电机被供电的情况下)。
图2示出了根据第二实施例变型的变速器总成1。与根据图1的变速器总成相比,此变速器总成1包括第二传动系统26,其中,该第二传动系统26提供了两种可能的传动14、15。因此,驱动扭矩(第一驱动扭矩5和/或第二驱动扭矩6)可以经由第一行星齿轮变速器10传递至第二传动系统26并且经由第二传动系统26传递至驱动轴7。第二传动系统26包括第一传动14和第二传动15,第一传动14可以经由第三离合器23连接至驱动轴7,第二传动15可以经由第四离合器24连接至驱动轴7。在第一传动14的情况下,驱动扭矩从第一行星齿轮变速器10的部件(这里从第一行星齿轮架12)开始经由第二传动系统26传递至驱动轴7。在第二传动15的情况下,驱动扭矩从第一行星齿轮变速器10的另一部件(这里从第一齿圈11)开始经由第二传动系统26传递至驱动轴7。
与第一实施例变型相比,在这里仅经由第一传动14才可以进行CVTM操作;也就是说只有CVTM1操作。
下文针对变速器总成1的此第二实施例变型指出了用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器16、17、23、24的接合/分离状态。参考以上标记。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
图3示出了根据第三实施例变型的变速器总成1。与第一和第二实施变型相比并且根据上述第二实施例,第二变速器输入轴9通过恒定传动经由第一恒星齿轮13以可旋转固定的方式,在这里以永久可旋转固定的方式连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10。在这里,以永久可旋转固定的方式是指在第二变速器输入轴9与第一恒星齿轮13之间未设置离合器(参见图4:在第二变速器输入轴9与第一恒星齿轮13之间设有第一离合器16)。第一离合器16经由第一恒星齿轮13将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10,从而第一变速器输入轴8以可旋转固定但在这里以可接合/可分离的方式连接至第二变速器输入轴9。还设置有第二离合器17,第一变速器输入轴8经由第二离合器17以可接合/可分离的方式连接至内燃机3的曲轴18。
由此变速器总成1包括作为唯一的行星齿轮变速器(并且作为唯一的传动系统)的第一行星齿轮变速器10。变速器总成1还包括第一离合器16和第五离合器27,其中,第一离合器16经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第二变速器输入轴9,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一恒星齿轮13。第五离合器27经由恒定传动将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一齿圈11。
变速器总成1另外包括第七离合器29,其中,第七离合器29以可接合/可分离的方式将第一齿圈11连接至变速器总成1的壳体25。
驱动轴7经由第一行星齿轮架12连接至第一行星齿轮变速器10。
与第一实施例变型相比,在这里仅经由第一传动14才可以进行CVTM操作;也就是说仅CVTM1操作(参见第二实施例变型)。在这里,可以经由第一行星齿轮变速器10经由两个传动14、15(第一档,第二档)将驱动扭矩5、6传递到驱动轴7。由此,尽管构造简单(仅需要第一行星齿轮变速器10),仍可以实现大量的上述操作方法。特别地,内燃机3可以在第一档起步时已经连接。因此电机4可以具有较小的构造形式。
在下面针对变速器总成1的该第三实施例变型指出了用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器(第一离合器16,第二离合器17,第五离合器27,第七离合器29)的接合/分离状态。参考上面的标记和各个操作方法的描述。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
图4示出了根据第四实施例变型的变速器总成1。与第三实施例变型相比,电机4和内燃机3以及第二离合器17相对于第一行星齿轮变速器10被换位布置。
变速器总成1在这里也包括第一离合器16和第五离合器27,其中,第一离合器16经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第二变速器输入轴9,并且另外将第二输入轴9连接至第一恒星齿轮13。因此,第一离合器16在这里设置在第二变速器输入轴9和第一恒星齿轮13之间。第五离合器27经由恒定传动将第二变速器输入轴9连接至第一齿圈11。
在下面针对变速器总成1的该第四实施例变型指出了用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器(第一离合器16,第二离合器17,第五离合器27,第七离合器29)的接合/分离状态。参考上面的标记和各个操作方法的描述。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
图5示出了根据第五实施例变型的变速器总成1。与第三实施例变型相比,在第一变速器输入轴8和曲轴18之间没有设置第二离合器17。因此,第一变速器输入轴8和曲轴18以永久可旋转固定的方式连接在一起。否则,请参考与图3相关的评述。
在这里,纯电动操作方法(EM)不可能在第二挡中。如果在这里出现更高的速度(通常超过每小时50公里),然则可以直接驱动操作方法(DM)进行驱动,其中主要由内燃机3提供所需的驱动扭矩。
在下面针对变速器总成1的该第五实施例变型指出了用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器(第一离合器16,第五离合器27,第七离合器29)的接合/分离状态。参考上面的标记和各个操作方法的描述。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
图6示出了根据第六实施例变型的变速器总成1。与第五实施例变型相比,在这里第一离合器16被布置在第一齿圈11的外部。第二变速器输入轴9经由恒定传动连接至第一恒星齿轮13。第一变速器输入轴8延伸穿过第一行星齿轮变速器10并穿过第一恒星齿轮13,并且经由第一离合器16连接至第一恒星齿轮13。否则,请参考与图5相关的评述。
变速器总成1的第六实施例变型的接合/分离状态对应于第五实施例变型的接合/分离状态。
图7示出了根据第七实施例变型的变速器总成1。电机4和内燃机3在这里被布置在第一行星齿轮变速器10的同一侧。第一变速器输入轴8延伸穿过电机4并穿过第二变速器输入轴9。第一变速器输入轴8和第二输入变速器轴9可以经由第一离合器16以可旋转固定的方式连接在一起。
变速器总成1另外包括第七离合器29,其中,第七离合器29以可接合/可分离的方式将第一齿圈11连接至变速器总成1的壳体25。
变速器总成1(其优选地仅包括一个传动系统,即第一行星齿轮变速器10)包括第一离合器16以及第六离合器28,其中,第一离合器16经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第二变速器输入轴9,并且另外将第一变速器输入轴8连接至第一恒星齿轮13,其中,第六离合器28经由恒定传动将第二变速器输入轴9连接至第一齿圈11。
此处无法执行CVTM1和CVTM2操作方法。然而,由于驱动扭矩经由第1档和第2档的可传递性,内燃机3已经可以用于起动。
在下面针对变速器总成1的该第七实施例变型指出了用于相应的操作方法的各个离合器(第一离合器16,第六离合器28,第七离合器29)的接合/分离状态。参考上面的标记和各个操作方法的描述。
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
在这里提出的各实施变型仅代表变速器总成的特别优选的变型。在任何情况下,本发明都不受所示示例性实施例的限制。特别地,还可能提取附图中描述的事实的部分方面,并将其与本说明书和/或附图中的其他组成部分和发现相结合。
附图标号列表
1  变速器总成
2  混合动力车辆
3  内燃机
4  电机
5  第一驱动扭矩
6  第二驱动扭矩
7  驱动轴
8  第一变速器输入轴
9  第二变速器输入轴
10  第一行星齿轮变速器
11  第一齿圈
12  第一行星齿轮架
13  第一恒星齿轮
14  第一传动
15  第二传动
16  第一离合器
17  第二离合器
18  曲轴
19  第二行星齿轮变速器
20  第二齿圈
21  第二行星齿轮架
22  第二恒星齿轮
23  第三离合器
24  第四离合器
25  壳体
26  第二传动系统
27  第五离合器
28  第六离合器
29  第七离合器
30  差速器
31 第一输出轴
32  第二输出轴
33  车轴
34  发电机。

Claims (14)

1.用于具有内燃机(3)和电机(4)的混合动力车辆(2)的变速器总成(1),其中,所述内燃机(3)的第一驱动扭矩(5)和电机(4)的第二驱动扭矩(6)能经由所述变速器总成(1)传递至所述混合动力车辆(2)的驱动轴(7),其中,所述变速器总成(1)至少包括以下部件:
(1)第一变速器输入轴(8),所述内燃机(3)的所述第一驱动扭矩(5)能经由所述第一变速器输入轴被引入所述变速器总成(1)中;
(2)第二变速器输入轴(9),所述电机(4)的所述第二驱动扭矩(6)能经由所述第二变速器输入轴被引入所述变速器总成(1)中;
(3)所述驱动轴(7);以及
(4)至少第一行星齿轮变速器(10),其至少具有以下部件:第一齿圈(11),第一行星齿轮架(12)和第一恒星齿轮(13);
其中,所述第一变速器输入轴(8)经由所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)连接至所述第二变速器输入轴(9)并连接至所述驱动轴(7);其中,通过所述变速器总成(1)能够实现以下所有操作模式:
a. 仅经由所述第二驱动扭矩(6)驱动所述驱动轴(7);
b. 经由所述第一驱动扭矩(5)和所述第二驱动扭矩(6)驱动所述驱动轴(7),其中,所述第一变速器输入轴(8)和所述第二变速器输入轴(9)经由恒定传动连接在一起;
c. 经由所述第一驱动扭矩(5)或所述第二驱动扭矩(6)驱动所述驱动轴(7),其中,所述驱动扭矩(5、6)能经由恒定的第一传动(14)以及经由恒定的第二传动(15)传递。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器总成(1),其中,另外以下操作模式是能实现的:
d. 经由所述第一驱动扭矩(5)和所述第二驱动扭矩(6)驱动所述驱动轴(7),其中,所述第一变速器输入轴(8)和所述第二变速器输入轴(9)经由变速传动连接在一起。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的变速器总成(1),其中,另外以下操作模式是能实现的:
e. 经由所述第二变速器输入轴(9)驱动所述第一变速器输入轴(8)以用于起动内燃机(3)。
4.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第一离合器(16),其中,所述第一离合器(16)经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第二变速器输入轴(9),并且另外将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)或所述第二变速器输入轴(9)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的部件(11、12、13)。
5.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第二离合器(17),其中,所述第二离合器(17)被设置用于经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将所述内燃机(3)的曲轴(18)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)。
6.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第二行星齿轮变速器(19),所述第二行星齿轮变速器(19)具有至少第二齿圈(20)、第二行星齿轮架(21)和第二恒星齿轮(22),其中,所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)经由所述第二行星齿轮变速器(19)连接至所述驱动轴(7)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第三离合器(23),其中,所述第三离合器(23)以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第二行星齿轮变速器(19)的两个部件(20、21、22)连接在一起,因此所述第二行星齿轮变速器(19)能被锁定。
8.根据前述权利要求6和7中的一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第四离合器(24),其中,所述第四离合器(24)以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第二行星齿轮变速器(19)的所述部件(20、21、22)中的一个部件连接至所述变速器总成(1)的壳体(25)。
9.根据前述权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括作为唯一的行星齿轮变速器的所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第一离合器(16)和第五离合器(27),其中,所述第一离合器(16)经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第二变速器输入轴(9),并且另外将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的一个部件(11、12、13),其中,所述第五离合器(27)经由恒定传动将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的另一个部件(11、12、13)。
11.根据权利要求9所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第一离合器(16)和第六离合器(28),其中,所述第一离合器(16)经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第二变速器输入轴(9),并且另外将所述第一变速器输入轴(8)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的一个部件(11、12、13),其中,所述第六离合器(28)经由恒定传动将所述第二变速器输入轴(9)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的另一个部件(11、12、13)。
12.根据前述权利要求9至11中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述变速器总成(1)包括第七离合器(29),其中,所述第七离合器(29)以可接合/可分离的方式将所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)的一个部件(11、12、13)连接至所述变速器总成(1)的壳体(25)。
13.根据前述权利要求中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述驱动轴(7)经由所述第一行星齿轮架(12)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)。
14.混合动力车辆(2),其具有内燃机(3)和电机(4),还具有根据前述权利要求1至13中的任一项所述的变速器总成(1),其中,所述内燃机(3)的第一驱动扭矩(5)为和所述电机(4)的第二驱动扭矩(6)能够经由所述变速器总成(1)传递至所述混合动力车辆(2)的驱动轴(7);其中,所述变速器总成(1)或所述混合动力车辆(2)包括第二离合器(17),所述第二离合器经由恒定传动以可接合/可分离的方式将所述内燃机(3)的曲轴(18)连接至所述第一行星齿轮变速器(10)。
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