CN110774675A - 一种耐火玻璃钢复合板及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种耐火玻璃钢复合板及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110774675A CN110774675A CN201911099163.9A CN201911099163A CN110774675A CN 110774675 A CN110774675 A CN 110774675A CN 201911099163 A CN201911099163 A CN 201911099163A CN 110774675 A CN110774675 A CN 110774675A
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- glass fiber
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- reinforced plastic
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Abstract
本发明涉及玻璃钢技术领域,是一种耐火玻璃钢复合板及其制作方法。包括耐火玻璃钢层、防裂层、表层、带孔布、底层,所述耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层,所述防裂层上设置表层,所述耐火玻璃钢层另一侧敷设有带孔布,所述带孔布上涂覆所述底层;所述防裂层为碳纤维加强筋网;所述表层为耐磨复合层;所述底层为涂覆耐磨复合层。本发明采用的耐火玻璃钢层有较高的耐高温、耐火、阻燃性,能够延长玻璃钢板材的整体使用寿命;设置的带孔布、防裂层的韧性高、抗拉强度大,能够防止玻璃钢板材出现开裂现象;表层和底层设置耐磨复合层,具有良好的耐磨性能、强度、防腐,并具有紫外线吸收能力,进一步提高了玻璃钢的使用寿命和综合性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃钢技术领域,更具体的,是一种耐火玻璃钢复合板及其制作方法。
背景技术
玻璃钢复合板材以其独具的强耐腐蚀性能、内表面光滑、输送能耗低、使用寿命长、运输安装方便、不需维修及综合造价低等诸多优势在石油、电力、化工、造纸、城市给排水、工厂污水处理、海水淡化、煤气输送等行业取得了广泛的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐高温、耐火、阻燃性较好的玻璃钢复合板,以及其制作方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,包括耐火玻璃钢层、防裂层、表层、带孔布、底层,所述耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层,所述防裂层上设置表层,所述耐火玻璃钢层另一侧敷设有带孔布,所述带孔布上涂覆所述底层;所述防裂层为碳纤维加强筋网;所述表层为耐磨复合层;所述底层为涂覆耐磨复合层;
所述耐火玻璃钢层包括,不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、硅烷偶联剂、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、阻燃剂、金属填料;按照重量份数包括如下份数组分:不饱和聚酯树脂30-40份、酚醛树脂15-25份、环氧树脂5-15份、玻璃纤维8-15份、硅烷偶联剂2-8份、碳化硅8-20份、氧化铝8-20份、石英砂25-50份、二氧化硅4-10份、二氧化钴4-8份、二氧化钛4-8份、阻燃剂1-8份、金属填料1-5份。
进一步的,所述金属填料为细度在200-500目之间的铜粉、铁粉、钨粉或者镍钴合金中的一种或者多种。
进一步的,所述阻燃剂选用溴系列阻燃剂。
进一步的,所述表层和底层所述耐磨复合层包含:环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅、紫外线吸收剂;按照重量份数包括如下份数组分:所述环氧树脂为51-60份,所述酚醛树脂为21-25份,所述玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯为41-60份,所述聚四氟乙烯纤维为18-25份,所述二氧化钛为2-8份,所述陶瓷纤维为5-10份,所述碳化硅为2-5份、紫外线吸收剂1-10份。
进一步的,所述的耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺包括:
制作耐火玻璃钢层;
耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层;
耐火玻璃钢层另一侧通过胶黏剂粘合敷设带孔布;
防裂层上通过胶黏剂涂覆表层;
带孔布上通过胶黏剂涂覆底层;
热压固化。
进一步的,所述耐火玻璃钢层的制作包括步骤:
不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、二氧化硅、二氧化钴、二氧化钛加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物一;
在熔融物一中加入硅烷偶联剂、阻燃剂、金属填料,搅拌为混合融体;
混合融体加入预成型模中进行预成型;
将预成型物加热连续固化成型。
进一步的,所述耐磨复合层的制作包括步骤:
环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅、紫外线吸收剂加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物二,
熔融物二加入预成型模中进行预成型;
将预成型物加热连续固化成型。
进一步的,所述耐火玻璃钢层涂覆胶黏剂包括步骤:
用刮板将聚氨酯胶满批1-3mm厚的胶粘层,然后用有齿形板的有齿形的一边以直线或其它形拉出条纹状,刮板平面相交呈40度-50度;
按排列顺序将防裂层或带孔布粘贴于胶黏剂层上,在胶黏剂固化前调整防裂层或带孔布的位置。
本申请的有益效果:本发明耐火玻璃钢复合板制备工艺简单,本发明采用的耐火玻璃钢层有较高的耐高温、耐火、阻燃的优点,能够延长玻璃钢板材的整体使用寿命;设置的带孔布、防裂层韧性高、抗拉强度大,提高复合材料的韧性、强度,能够防止玻璃钢板材出现开裂现象;表层和底层设置耐磨复合层,具有良好的耐磨性能、强度、防腐,并具有紫外线吸收能力,进一步提高了玻璃钢的使用寿命和综合性能。
附图说明
图1为本申请的一个实施例的结构组成示意图。
图中:
1-表层包括
2-防裂层
3-耐火玻璃钢层
4-带孔布
5-底层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅附图,本发明为了一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,包括耐火玻璃钢层、防裂层、表层、带孔布、底层,所述耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层,所述防裂层上设置表层,所述耐火玻璃钢层另一侧敷设有带孔布,所述带孔布上涂覆所述底层;所述防裂层为碳纤维加强筋网;所述表层为耐磨复合层;所述底层为涂覆耐磨复合层。
所述耐火玻璃钢层包括,不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、硅烷偶联剂、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、阻燃剂、金属填料。
玻璃纤维是叶腊石、石英砂、石灰石、白云石、硼钙石、硼镁石七种矿石为原料经高温熔制、拉丝、络纱、织布等工艺制造成的,具有耐热性强、抗腐蚀性好、抗拉强度大,机械强度高,用作复合材料中的增强材料。
硅烷偶联剂用于玻璃纤维增强塑料,硅烷氧基对无机物具有反应性,有机官能基对有机物具有反应性或相容性,当硅烷偶联剂介于无机和有机界面之间,可形成有机基体-硅烷偶联剂-无机基体的结合层,改善无机填料与树脂之间的相容性;能改善填料在树脂中的分散性及粘合力,改善玻璃纤维和树脂的粘合性能,提高玻璃纤维增强复合材料的强度;硅烷偶联剂还能与界面发生化学反应,使耐火玻璃钢层与胶黏剂更好的结合,从而提高胶接强度。
碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂具有较好的耐火耐高温性能。
阻燃剂主要是针对高分子材料的阻燃设计的。通过添加型阻燃剂经由机械混合方法加入到聚合物中,使耐火玻璃钢层具有阻燃性的。目前添加型阻燃剂主要有有机阻燃剂和无机阻燃剂,卤系阻燃剂(有机氯化物和有机溴化物)和非卤。有机是以溴系、磷氮系、氮系和红磷及化合物为代表的一些阻燃剂,无机主要是三氧化二锑、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝,硅系等阻燃体系。本实施例中,选用含卤素的阻燃剂溴系列阻燃剂,在热塑性树脂中具备阻燃效率高,制得的材料力学性能好,如十溴二苯乙烷。
表层和底层的耐磨复合层包含:环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅、紫外线吸收剂。
不仅具有较高的耐磨性能,还通过采用不饱和聚酯树脂及其他辅助材料做为固化体系,使用玻璃纤维、聚四氟乙烯、陶瓷纤维做为增强材料,生产高性能复合线性材料,通过合理的配方体系提高产品的强度。添加的紫外线吸收剂是一种光稳定剂,能吸收阳光及荧光光源中的紫外线部分,而本身不发生变化。由于太阳光线中含有大量对有色物体有害的紫外光,其波长约290-460纳米,这些有害的紫外光通过化学上的氧化还原作用,使颜色分子最后分解褪色。使用紫外线吸收剂对受保护的物体实施有效的防止,或削弱其对颜色的破坏。紫外线吸收剂热稳定性好,即使在加工中也不会因热而变化,热挥发性小,化学稳定性好;不与制品中材料组分发生不利反应;混溶性好,可均匀地分散在材料中;且不溶或难溶于水,在表层和底层的耐磨复合层中提升玻璃钢复合板起到保护作用。
所述耐火玻璃钢层按照重量份数包括如下份数组分:不饱和聚酯树脂30-40份、酚醛树脂15-25份、环氧树脂5-15份、玻璃纤维8-15份、硅烷偶联剂2-8份、碳化硅8-20份、氧化铝8-20份、石英砂25-50份、二氧化硅4-10份、二氧化钴4-8份、二氧化钛4-8份、阻燃剂1-8份、金属填料1-5份。所述金属填料为细度在200-500目之间的铜粉、铁粉、钨粉或者镍钴合金中的一种或者多种。
实施例1如下:
饱和聚酯树脂 | 30份 | 石英砂 | 42份 |
酚醛树脂 | 22份 | 二氧化硅 | 5份 |
环氧树脂 | 12份 | 二氧化钴 | 5份 |
玻璃纤维 | 12份 | 二氧化钛 | 5份 |
硅烷偶联剂 | 8份 | 阻燃剂 | 5份 |
碳化硅 | 12份 | 铁粉 | 5份 |
氧化铝 | 8份 |
实施例2如下:
饱和聚酯树脂 | 38份 | 石英砂 | 30份 |
酚醛树脂 | 18份 | 二氧化硅 | 8份 |
环氧树脂 | 8份 | 二氧化钴 | 8份 |
玻璃纤维 | 12份 | 二氧化钛 | 8份 |
硅烷偶联剂 | 8份 | 阻燃剂 | 2份 |
碳化硅 | 15份 | 铁粉 | 2份 |
氧化铝 | 15份 | 镍钴合金 | 2份 |
所述表层和底层所述耐磨复合层按照重量份数包括如下份数组分:所述环氧树脂为51-60份,所述酚醛树脂为21-25份,所述玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯为41-60份,所述聚四氟乙烯纤维为18-25份,所述二氧化钛为2-8份,所述陶瓷纤维为5-10份,所述碳化硅为2-5份、紫外线吸收剂1-10份。
实施例1如下:
环氧树脂 | 51份 | 二氧化钛 | 3份 |
酚醛树脂 | 22份 | 陶瓷纤维 | 8份 |
玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯 | 55份 | 碳化硅 | 5份 |
聚四氟乙烯纤维 | 20份 | 紫外线吸收剂 | 2份 |
实施例2如下:
环氧树脂 | 58份 | 二氧化钛 | 4份 |
酚醛树脂 | 22份 | 陶瓷纤维 | 5份 |
玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯 | 45份 | 碳化硅 | 4份 |
聚四氟乙烯纤维 | 22份 | 紫外线吸收剂 | 8份 |
耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺包括:制作耐火玻璃钢层;耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层;耐火玻璃钢层另一侧通过胶黏剂粘合敷设带孔布;防裂层上通过胶黏剂涂覆表层;带孔布上通过胶黏剂涂覆底层;热压固化。
所述耐火玻璃钢层的制作包括步骤:不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、二氧化硅、二氧化钴、二氧化钛加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物一;在熔融物一中加入硅烷偶联剂、阻燃剂、金属填料、紫外线吸收剂,搅拌为混合融体;混合融体加入预成型模中进行预成型;将预成型物加热连续固化成型。熔炼温度为70℃-95℃,混炼时间为30min-60min,搅拌为混合融体过程中保持加热维持温度;预成型物放入成型加热模具中,在牵引机的牵引下通过加热连续固化成型,得到耐火玻璃钢层面板。
所述耐磨复合层的制作包括步骤:环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物二,熔融物二加入预成型模中进行预成型;将预成型物加热连续固化成型。
所述耐火玻璃钢层涂覆胶黏剂包括步骤:用刮板将聚氨酯胶满批1-3mm厚的胶粘层,然后用有齿形板的有齿形的一边以直线或其它形拉出条纹状,刮板平面相交呈40度-50度;按排列顺序将防裂层或带孔布粘贴于胶黏剂层上,在胶黏剂固化前调整防裂层或带孔布的位置。
本发明耐火玻璃钢复合板制备工艺简单,本发明采用的耐火玻璃钢层有较高的耐高温、耐火、阻燃的优点,能够延长玻璃钢板材的整体使用寿命;设置的带孔布、防裂层韧性高、抗拉强度大,提高复合材料的韧性、强度,能够防止玻璃钢板材出现开裂现象;表层和底层设置耐磨复合层,具有良好的耐磨性能、强度、防腐,并具有紫外线吸收能力,进一步提高了玻璃钢的使用寿命和综合性能。
对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,上述已经展示和描述了本发明的实施例,就实现上述所述的功能技术特点,在程序编程和技术运算实现层面都不存在难度,对于可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,包括耐火玻璃钢层、防裂层、表层、带孔布、底层,所述耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层,所述防裂层上设置表层,所述耐火玻璃钢层另一侧敷设有带孔布,所述带孔布上涂覆所述底层;所述防裂层为碳纤维加强筋网;所述表层为耐磨复合层;所述底层为涂覆耐磨复合层;
所述耐火玻璃钢层包括,不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、硅烷偶联剂、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、阻燃剂、金属填料;按照重量份数包括份数组分:不饱和聚酯树脂30-40份、酚醛树脂15-25份、环氧树脂5-15份、玻璃纤维8-15份、硅烷偶联剂2-8份、碳化硅8-20份、氧化铝8-20份、石英砂25-50份、二氧化硅4-10份、二氧化钴4-8份、二氧化钛4-8份、阻燃剂1-8份、金属填料1-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,其特征在于:所述金属填料为细度在200-500目之间的铜粉、铁粉、钨粉或镍钴合金中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,其特征在于:所述阻燃剂选用溴系列阻燃剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板,其特征在于:所述表层和底层所述耐磨复合层包含:环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅、紫外线吸收剂;按照重量份数包括份数组分:所述环氧树脂为51-60份,所述酚醛树脂为21-25份,所述玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯为41-60份,所述聚四氟乙烯纤维为18-25份,所述二氧化钛为2-8份,所述陶瓷纤维为5-10份,所述碳化硅为2-5份、紫外线吸收剂1-10份。
5.一种耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺,其特征在于:如权利要求4所述的耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺包括:
制作耐火玻璃钢层;
耐火玻璃钢层一侧通过胶黏剂粘合防裂层;
耐火玻璃钢层另一侧通过胶黏剂粘合敷设带孔布;
防裂层上通过胶黏剂涂覆表层;
带孔布上通过胶黏剂涂覆底层;
热压固化。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺,其特征在于:所述耐火玻璃钢层的制作包括步骤:
不饱和聚酯树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、玻璃纤维、碳化硅、氧化铝、石英砂、二氧化硅、二氧化钴、二氧化钛加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物一;
在熔融物一中加入硅烷偶联剂、阻燃剂、金属填料,搅拌为混合融体;
混合融体加入预成型模中进行预成型;
将预成型物加热连续固化成型。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺,其特征在于:所述耐磨复合层的制作包括步骤:
环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、玻璃纤维增强不饱和聚酯、聚四氟乙烯纤维、二氧化钛、陶瓷纤维、碳化硅、紫外线吸收剂加入熔炼机中熔炼成熔融物二,
熔融物二加入预成型模中进行预成型;
将预成型物加热连续固化成型。
8.根据权利要求5所述的一种耐火玻璃钢复合板的制作工艺,其特征在于:所述耐火玻璃钢层涂覆胶黏剂包括步骤:
用刮板将聚氨酯胶满批1-3mm的胶粘层,然后用有齿形板的有齿形的一边以直线拉出条纹状,刮板平面相交呈40度-50度;
按排列顺序将防裂层或带孔布粘贴于胶黏剂层上,在胶黏剂固化前调整防裂层或带孔布的位置。
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