CN110771537A - Feed-saving type breeding method for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in breeding period - Google Patents
Feed-saving type breeding method for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in breeding period Download PDFInfo
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- 241000376029 Tachysurus fulvidraco Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title description 15
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000091 immunopotentiator Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000001405 Artemisia annua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000000011 Artemisia annua Species 0.000 claims description 16
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000206744 Phaeodactylum tricornutum Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000017089 Scutellaria baicalensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000004534 Scutellaria baicalensis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000700106 Brachionus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000269319 Squalius cephalus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000207929 Scutellaria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002434 immunopotentiative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000222290 Cladosporium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecoxy-2-oxoethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CS([O-])(=O)=O UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000758769 Houttuynia Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000746812 Tachysurus vachellii Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000367571 Mohoua ochrocephala Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001471302 Tachysurus Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001233037 catfish Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000743774 Brachypodium Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000085625 Equisetum Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001459819 Carassius gibelio Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000251464 Coelacanthiformes Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000248484 Ichthyophthirius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252496 Siluriformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001500087 Trichodina Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
A feed-saving type cultivation method for a hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in a growing period comprises the steps of (1) sterilizing a fish pond, (2) cultivating plankton, (3) planting houttuynia cordata in the fish pond, (5) preparing an immune enhanced feed, and (6) feeding. The feeding method of the cross-bred pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period of the cross-bred pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the feeding type is a '5-14-2' method, namely 21d is a period, and immune enhanced feed is fed in the first 5d of the period; then feeding common feed for 14 days; finally, 2d, only feeding a proper amount of houttuynia cordata without feeding feed; and then proceed to the next 21d feeding cycle. According to the '5-14-2' method, 2d of feed can be saved in each 21d feeding period, and only the cordate houttuynia produced in the fishpond is used for replacing the feed, so that the feed-saving type culture is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and relates to a feed-saving type culture method for a hybrid yellow catfish in a growing period.
Background
The hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is female pelteobagrus fulvidraco (
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and male Pelteobagrus vachelli （Pelteobagrus vachelli) And (5) filial generation. The Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and Pelteobagrus vachelli belong to Osteichthyes, Clariales (Siluriformes), Pseudobageridae (Bagridae) and Pelteobagrus (Pelteobagrus). The pelteobagrus vachelli belongs to the biggest individual species of pelteobagrus, and has the characteristics of high growth speed, strong disease resistance, and intolerance to hypoxia. The pelteobagrus fulvidraco has the characteristics of hypoxia resistance and high fecundity, but also has the characteristics of slow growth speed and small adult fish size of female fish. The hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco integrates the advantages of the pelteobagrus vachelli and the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the growth speed of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is more than 20% faster than that of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the body type and the body color of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco are similar to those of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the.
The breeding period of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a breeding stage of breeding the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fries which are artificially propagated and have the body length of 3-4cm after 15-25 days of intensive breeding into 100 g/tail of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fries, and the period is usually 5-6 months. The hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco has high requirements on water quality in the breeding period, and particularly, the dissolved oxygen is higher than 4mg/L and is lower than the value, so that large-area death is easily caused.
Compared with pelteobagrus fulvidraco and pelteobagrus vachelli, the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco has stronger disease resistance, but is still easily infected by ichthyophthirius, trichodina, edwardsiella, aeromonas and the like, is difficult to cure after morbidity, has higher mortality rate, and still needs to be carefully prevented in the breeding process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for the feed-saving type cultivation of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the breeding period.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for cultivating the hybridized yellow catfish in a growing period in an economical feeding mode comprises the following steps:
step 1: sterilizing the fishpond 10-20 days before stocking the fish seeds, wherein 75-100 kg of quicklime is used for sterilizing per mu if the fishpond is dry, and 150-200 kg of quicklime is used per mu if the depth of water in the fishpond is 0.1-0.2 m;
step 2: 3d to 4d after disinfection, injecting new water into the fishpond through a water inlet system to enable the water level to reach 0.8m to 1.0 m; putting 6 bags of dried sweet wormwood in each mu, putting stones in each bag, and completely immersing the bags and the sweet wormwood in water; 2-3d later, putting plankton into the fishpond; after 4-6 days, taking out the stones in the bag, so that half of the bag is immersed in the water and half of the bag is exposed out of the water surface; 7 d-10 d later microscopic examination of the number of plankton in the water body, when the total number of plankton reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
4-1.0×10
5At CFU/L, all bags containing the sweet wormwood are removed from the fish pond;
and step 3: feeding the fish species of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the silver carp and the crucian carp into the fish pond;
the specifications of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerling are as follows: the fish body is 3-4cm long, and the amount of fish seeds is 1.5-1.8 ten thousand per mu;
the specification of the bighead carp fingerling is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 250 plus 500 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 80-100 tails per mu;
the silver carp fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 250 plus 500 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 20-30 tails per mu;
the crucian fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 50-75 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 100-150 tails per mu;
and 4, step 4: 60-70m of houttuynia cordata is planted in each mu of fishpond
2(ii) a Cutting 1/5-1/2 herba Houttuyniae every 21 days as feed supplement, and feeding into water body;
and 5: feeding the feed to the pond while feeding the fingerlings of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the chub and the crucian carp to the pond, wherein the feeding method of the feed-saving type cultivation in the growing period of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a 5d-14d-2d method, namely 21d is a period, and the first 5d of the period is fed with the immune enhanced feed; then feeding common feed for 14 d; feeding the feed in the last 2d, wherein only the houttuynia cordata harvested from 1/5-1/2 is used as a feed supplement and fed into the water body; then entering the next feeding period of 21 d;
uniformly mixing the immunopotentiator and the feed according to the mass ratio of 5-10:1000 to obtain the immunopotentiation feed; the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: mixing the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2 to obtain a scutellaria baicalensis-astragalus membranaceus mixture, then carrying out steam explosion treatment on the mixture, mixing the mixture subjected to steam explosion with purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:10-12, boiling and extracting for 60-90min, filtering an extracting solution, and then carrying out vacuum concentration to 8-10% of volume to obtain a concentrated solution, namely the immunopotentiator.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: in step 2, each bag contains 8-12Kg of air-dried Artemisia annua.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the plankton comprises at least one of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Chlorella, Brachionus oblongus and Cladosporium.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the fishpond inoculation proportion is as follows: inoculating 1.0 x 10 per cubic meter of water
9CFU/L Phaeodactylum tricornutum 1ml, 1.0X 10
9CFU/L Chlorella 1ml, 1.0 × 10
6CFU/L Brachionus alcaliensis 1ml and 1.0X 10
3CFU/L of cladocerans 1 ml.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the quality of the fresh water reaches the water quality standard of aquaculture; the bag is a nylon snake skin bag or a non-woven bag.
The preferable technical scheme is as follows: the parameters of the steam explosion treatment are as follows: the water-material ratio is 1:5-6, the pressure maintaining time is 180-.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts the mixed culture of multiple fish species and the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and improves the water quality and the nutritional structure.
2. According to the invention, the houttuynia cordata is planted and added for feeding, so that the intake of vitamins and cellulose of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is increased, the intestinal function is improved, the immunity is improved, and the morbidity is reduced.
3. The invention utilizes the scutellaria and the astragalus to develop an immunity increasing agent, and mixes the immunity enhancing agent with the common feed in proportion to prepare the immunity enhanced feed which can improve the immunity of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco when fed with the feed.
4. The '5-14-2' feeding method for the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the breeding period can improve the survival rate of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the breeding period, has no obvious difference between the growth speed and the whole-course feeding of common feed, and can save the feed.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
Example 1: feed-saving type breeding method for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in breeding period
The area of the pond openings of the test group and the control group is 2000m
2.5 months and 18 days, and sterilizing the dry pond every 667m
290kg of quicklime is used. And 5, 21 days after the month, adding fresh water through a water inlet system to enable the water level to reach 0.8 m. Each 667m
2Putting 6 bags (10 kg/bag) of dried sweet wormwood herb, and putting a certain amount of stones into each bag to ensure that each bag is completely immersed in water; 5 months and 23 days, 1m
3Inoculating 1ml of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (1.0X 10)
9CFU/L), 1ml of chlorella (1.0X 10)
9CFU/L), 1ml of Brachypodium Equisetum (1.0X 10)
6CFU/L), 1ml cladocera (1.0X 10)
3CFU/L); after 5 days, taking out the stones in each bag character to ensure that half of the bag is immersed in the water and half of the bag is leaked out of the water surface; and (5) 23-30 days after the month of 5, microscopic examination of the quantity of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, chlorella, brachylocentrotus and cladocera plankton in the water body. 5 months and 30 days, the total number of the plankton reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
5At CFU/L, all bags containing Artemisia annua were removed from the pond. Each 667m
21.5 ten thousand fish bodies with the length of 3cm, 300g of 80 tail/bighead carp fish, 250g of 20 tail/silver carp fish and 50g of 100 tail/crucian carp fish. Houttuynia cordata thunb 200m is planted in each fishpond
2. The immunopotentiator and 36% protein feed are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:1000 to prepare the immunopotentiating feed. The feeding method of the test group is a '5-14-2' method, namely the immune enhanced feed is fed in the first 5 days; then feeding 14d 36% protein feed; finally, 2d, only feeding a proper amount of houttuynia cordata without feeding feed; then enter the next one21d feeding period. And the control group is fed with 36% protein feed in the whole process. The feeding rates of the test group and the control group are 5-8%, and the feeding rates are respectively carried out once in the morning and at night. And after 28 days in 10 months, the test is finished, the survival rate of the hybridized pelteobagrus fulvidraco at the mouth of the test pond reaches 97.5%, the survival rate of the control composition is 91.4%, and the survival rate of the test group is improved by 6.1% compared with the survival rate of the control composition. The average specification of the test pond mouth hybridized pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 102.6 g, the average specification of a control group is 101.9 g, and the test specification and the control group specification have no obvious difference. 36% protein feed was purchased as a commercially available product. The method for preparing the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: mixing the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus; placing the mixture in steam explosion equipment, and performing steam explosion treatment by adopting parameters of water-material ratio of 1:5.5, pressure maintaining time of 200s and steam pressure of 1.7 MPa; mixing the mixture after steam explosion with purified water at a mass ratio of 1:11, placing in a stainless steel heat extraction device with a steam condensation collection device, boiling and extracting for 75min, wherein the material is in an ultrasonic environment, the ultrasonic frequency is 30KHz, and the power density is 0.4w/cm
2(ii) a After extraction, filtering the extracting solution through a 80-mesh screen, and then concentrating the extracting solution in vacuum to 9% of the volume of the extracting solution to obtain a concentrated solution, namely the immunopotentiator.
Example 2: feed-saving type breeding method for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in breeding period
A method for cultivating the hybridized yellow-head catfish in the growing period features that said hybridized yellow-head catfish is the female yellow-head catfish (A)
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) And male pelteobagrus vachelli (
Pelteobagrus vachelli) Progeny of the cross.
A feed-saving type cultivation method for a hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in a cultivation period is characterized in that the cultivation period of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a cultivation stage in which a hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fish species which is artificially propagated and has a body length of 3-4cm after intensive cultivation for 15-25 days is cultivated into a body weight of 100 g/tail, and the period is usually 5-6 months.
The method is characterized in that the survival rate of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is improved, and the growth speed of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is not obviously different from that of the whole-course feeding of common feed.
A method for cultivating the hybridized yellow catfish in a growing period by means of feed-saving is characterized by comprising the following technical steps.
(1) Disinfection of fish ponds
10 to 20 days before stocking fish seeds, bringing water in a fish pond, and using 180 kg of quicklime for per mu of disinfection, wherein the water depth is 0.1 to 0.2 m.
(2) Cultivation of plankton
And 3d after disinfection, filling new water through a water inlet system to enable the water level to reach 0.8 m. Each 667m
2Putting 6 bags of dried sweet wormwood herb, 10kg per bag, and putting a certain amount of stones into each bag to ensure that each bag is completely immersed in water; after 2 days, the fish pond is inoculated with phaeodactylum tricornutum, chlorella, brachylon deltoides and cladocera; after 4 days, taking out the stones in each bag character to ensure that half of the bag is immersed in the water and half of the bag is leaked out of the water surface; 7d, performing microscopic examination on the quantity of plankton such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum, chlorella, brachiocephalus alceaeus, cladocera and the like in the water body, and when the total quantity of the plankton reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
5At CFU/L, all bags containing Artemisia annua were removed from the pond.
The quality of the fresh water meets the requirement of aquaculture.
The bag is a nylon snake skin bag or a non-woven cloth bag.
The method is characterized in that the method inoculates Phaeodactylum tricornutum, chlorella, brachiarius alceaefolii and cladocera in the fishpond according to the inoculation proportion of 1m
3Inoculating 1ml of Phaeodactylum tricornutum (1.0X 10)
9CFU/L), 1ml of chlorella (1.0X 10)
9CFU/L), 1ml of Brachypodium Equisetum (1.0X 10)
6CFU/L), cladocera (1.0X 10)
3CFU/L）。
(3) Stocking fish seeds
When the total number of plankton in the fish pond reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
5And (3) when the CFU/L is adopted, fish species of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, bighead carp, silver carp and crucian carp are put in.
The specification of the fish seeds of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is that the length of the fish seeds is 3-4cm, and the adding amount is every 667m
21.5-1.8 thousands of tails are thrown in.
The specification of the bighead carp fingerlings to be thrown is that the weight of the fingerlings is 250-The amount of the feed is put in each 667m
280 to 100 tails are thrown.
The specification of the chub fingerling is that the weight of the chub fingerling is 250-
2And 20 to 30 tails of the raw materials are thrown.
The specification of the crucian fingerlings to be put in is that the weight of the fingerlings is 50-75 g/tail, and the putting amount is every 667m
2100 to 150 tails are thrown.
(4) Houttuynia cordata thunb planted in fishpond
Each 667m
266.7m houttuynia cordata planted in fishpond
2. The planting method is to dig out the stock plant and transplant the stock plant into a fishpond in a separated manner. Periodically harvesting part of the houttuynia cordata, serving as a feed supplement, and feeding the houttuynia cordata into a water body.
(5) Preparing immunity-enhanced feed
The immunopotentiator is a mixed extract of radix scutellariae and radix astragali with improved palatability; the preparation method comprises treating Scutellariae radix and radix astragali with steam explosion to improve dissolution efficiency and palatability; then, decocting the astragalus and the astragalus by ultrasonic wave assistance to obtain an extracting solution; concentrating the extract to 8% volume, and obtaining the concentrated solution which is the immunopotentiator. The specific operation is as follows.
Preparing the immunopotentiator. Mixing the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus according to the mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixture of the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus; placing the mixture in steam explosion equipment, and performing steam explosion treatment by adopting parameters of a water-material ratio of 1:5, a pressure maintaining time of 180s and a steam pressure of 1.5 MPa; mixing the mixture after steam explosion with purified water at a mass ratio of 1:10, placing in a stainless steel heat extraction device with a steam condensation collection device, boiling and extracting for 60-90min, wherein the material is in an ultrasonic environment, the ultrasonic frequency is 25KHz, and the power density is 0.35w/cm
2(ii) a After extraction, the extract is filtered through a 80-mesh screen, and then is concentrated in vacuum to 8% of volume, and the obtained concentrated solution is the immunopotentiator.
And uniformly mixing the immunopotentiator and the common feed according to the mass ratio of 5:1000 to obtain the immunopotentiation feed.
(6) Feeding method
The feeding method of the cross-bred pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period of the cross-bred pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the feeding type is a '5-14-2' method, namely 21d is a period, and immune enhanced feed is fed in the first 5d of the period; then feeding common feed for 14 days; finally, 2d, only feeding a proper amount of houttuynia cordata without feeding feed; and then proceed to the next 21d feeding cycle. The common feed can adopt compound feed disclosed in the publication No. 103271234B in the breeding period of the yellow catfish, and the feeding rate is 6.5%.
The '5-14-2' method can save 2d of feed in each feeding period of 21d, and only replaces the houttuynia cordata produced by the fishpond to make the feed-saving type culture.
Example 3: feed-saving type breeding method for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in breeding period
A method for cultivating the hybridized yellow catfish in a growing period in an economical feeding mode comprises the following steps:
step 1: sterilizing the fishpond 20 days before stocking the fish seeds, wherein 100 kg of quicklime is used for sterilizing each mu if the fishpond is dry, and 200 kg of quicklime is used for each mu if the depth of water in the fishpond is 0.1-0.2 m;
step 2: 4d after disinfection, injecting new water into the fish pond through a water inlet system to enable the water level to reach 1.0 m; putting 6 bags of dried sweet wormwood in each mu, putting stones in each bag, and completely immersing the bags and the sweet wormwood in water; after 3d, putting plankton into the fishpond; after 6d, taking out the stones in the bag, so that half of the bag is immersed in the water and half of the bag is exposed out of the water surface; inspecting the number of plankton in the water body after 10d, and when the total number of plankton reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
4When the fish pond is empty, all the bags containing the sweet wormwood herbs are removed from the fish pond;
and step 3: feeding the fish species of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the silver carp and the crucian carp into the fish pond;
the specifications of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerling are as follows: the fish body is 3cm long, and the feeding amount is 1.5 ten thousand fish per mu;
the specification of the bighead carp fingerling is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 500 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 80 tails per mu;
the silver carp fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 500 g/tail, and the feeding amount is 30 fish seeds per mu;
the crucian fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 75 g/tail, and the putting amount is 150 fish seeds per mu;
and 4, step 4: 70m of houttuynia cordata is planted in each mu of fishpond
2(ii) a 1/2 heartleaf houttuynia herb is harvested every 21 days as a feed supplement and fed into a water body;
and 5: feeding the feed to the pond while feeding the fingerlings of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the chub and the crucian carp to the pond, wherein the feeding method of the feed-saving type cultivation in the growing period of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a 5d-14d-2d method, namely 21d is a period, and the first 5d of the period is fed with the immune enhanced feed; then feeding common feed for 14 d; feeding the feed for the last 2d, wherein only 1/2 harvested cordate houttuynia is used as a feed supplement and fed into the water body; then entering the next feeding period of 21 d;
uniformly mixing the immunopotentiator and the feed according to the mass ratio of 10:1000 to obtain the immunity-enhanced feed; the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: mixing the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.2 to obtain a scutellaria baicalensis-astragalus membranaceus mixture, then carrying out steam explosion treatment on the mixture, mixing the mixture subjected to steam explosion with purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:12, boiling and extracting for 90min, filtering an extracting solution, and then carrying out vacuum concentration to 10% of volume to obtain a concentrated solution, namely the immunopotentiator.
The preferred embodiment is: in step 2, each bag contains 12Kg of air-dried Artemisia annua.
The preferred embodiment is: the plankton comprises at least one of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Chlorella, Brachionus oblongus and Cladosporium.
The preferred embodiment is: the fishpond inoculation proportion is as follows: inoculating 1.0 x 10 per cubic meter of water
9CFU/L Phaeodactylum tricornutum 1ml, 1.0X 10
9CFU/L Chlorella 1ml, 1.0 × 10
6CFU/L Brachionus alcaliensis 1ml and 1.0X 10
3CFU/L of cladocerans 1 ml.
The preferred embodiment is: the quality of the fresh water reaches the water quality standard of aquaculture; the bag is a nylon snake skin bag or a non-woven bag.
The preferred embodiment is: the parameters of the steam explosion treatment are as follows: the water-material ratio is 1:6, the pressure maintaining time is 240s, and the steam pressure is 2.0 MPa.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof in any way, and any modifications or variations thereof that fall within the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A feed-saving type cultivation method for a hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in a growing period is characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step 1: sterilizing the fishpond 10-20 days before stocking the fish seeds, wherein 75-100 kg of quicklime is used for sterilizing per mu if the fishpond is dry, and 150-200 kg of quicklime is used per mu if the depth of water in the fishpond is 0.1-0.2 m;
step 2: 3d to 4d after disinfection, injecting new water into the fishpond through a water inlet system to enable the water level to reach 0.8m to 1.0 m; putting 6 bags of dried sweet wormwood in each mu, putting stones in each bag, and completely immersing the bags and the sweet wormwood in water; 2-3d later, putting plankton into the fishpond; after 4-6 days, taking out the stones in the bag, so that half of the bag is immersed in the water and half of the bag is exposed out of the water surface; 7 d-10 d later microscopic examination of the number of plankton in the water body, when the total number of plankton reaches 1.0 multiplied by 10
4-1.0×10
5At CFU/L, all bags containing the sweet wormwood are removed from the fish pond;
and step 3: feeding the fish species of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the silver carp and the crucian carp into the fish pond;
the specifications of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerling are as follows: the fish body is 3-4cm long, and the amount of fish seeds is 1.5-1.8 ten thousand per mu;
the specification of the bighead carp fingerling is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 250 plus 500 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 80-100 tails per mu;
the silver carp fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 250 plus 500 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 20-30 tails per mu;
the crucian fingerling specification is as follows: the weight of the fish seeds is 50-75 g/tail, and the throwing amount is 100-150 tails per mu;
and 4, step 4: 60-70m of houttuynia cordata is planted in each mu of fishpond
2(ii) a Cutting 1/5-1/2 herba Houttuyniae every 21 days as feed supplement, and feeding into water body;
and 5: feeding the feed to the pond while feeding the fingerlings of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the bighead carp, the chub and the crucian carp to the pond, wherein the feeding method of the feed-saving type cultivation in the growing period of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a 5d-14d-2d method, namely 21d is a period, and the first 5d of the period is fed with the immune enhanced feed; then feeding common feed for 14 d; feeding the feed in the last 2d, wherein only the houttuynia cordata harvested from 1/5-1/2 is used as a feed supplement and fed into the water body; then entering the next feeding period of 21 d;
uniformly mixing the immunopotentiator and the feed according to the mass ratio of 5-10:1000 to obtain the immunopotentiation feed; the preparation method of the immunopotentiator comprises the following steps: mixing the scutellaria baicalensis and the astragalus membranaceus according to the mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2 to obtain a scutellaria baicalensis-astragalus membranaceus mixture, then carrying out steam explosion treatment on the mixture, mixing the mixture subjected to steam explosion with purified water according to the mass ratio of 1:10-12, boiling and extracting for 60-90min, filtering an extracting solution, and then carrying out vacuum concentration to 8-10% of volume to obtain a concentrated solution, namely the immunopotentiator.
2. The method for the feed-saving cultivation of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in step 2, each bag contains 8-12Kg of air-dried Artemisia annua.
3. The method for the feed-saving cultivation of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plankton comprises at least one of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Chlorella, Brachionus oblongus and Cladosporium.
4. The method for the feed-saving cultivation of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fishpond inoculation proportion is as follows: inoculating 1.0 x 10 per cubic meter of water
9CFU/L Phaeodactylum tricornutum 1ml, 1.0X 10
9CFU/L Chlorella 1ml, 1.0 × 10
6CFU/L Brachionus alcaliensis 1ml and 1.0X 10
3CFU/L of cladocerans 1 ml.
5. The method for the feed-saving cultivation of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the quality of the fresh water reaches the water quality standard of aquaculture; the bag is a nylon snake skin bag or a non-woven bag.
6. The method for the feed-saving cultivation of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the growing period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the parameters of the steam explosion treatment are as follows: the water-material ratio is 1:5-6, the pressure maintaining time is 180-.
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