CN110767333B - Oxygen control device and method for lead-based coolant reactor and reactor system - Google Patents
Oxygen control device and method for lead-based coolant reactor and reactor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110767333B CN110767333B CN201910995023.3A CN201910995023A CN110767333B CN 110767333 B CN110767333 B CN 110767333B CN 201910995023 A CN201910995023 A CN 201910995023A CN 110767333 B CN110767333 B CN 110767333B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/28—Selection of specific coolants ; Additions to the reactor coolants, e.g. against moderator corrosion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/16—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants comprising means for separating liquid and steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen control device, a method and a reactor system for a lead-based coolant reactor, wherein the device comprises the following components: the system comprises an oxygen concentration detector, a thermocouple, a first storage tank, a first pipeline, a first valve, a second storage tank, a heater, a second pipeline, a second valve and a controller, wherein the controller is used for controlling the first valve and the second valve according to a received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and a lead-based coolant temperature signal measured by the thermocouple, and adjusting the oxygen concentration of a lead-based coolant in a reactor main container. The invention simultaneously utilizes the solid-phase oxygen control technology and the gas-phase oxygen control technology to control the oxygen concentration, the gas-phase oxygen control technology is used for reducing the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the project is easy to realize, the lead-based coolant can be purified, the solid-phase oxygen control technology is used for improving the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the response speed is high, no additional oxide impurity is generated, and the two technologies are used for enhancing the advantages and avoiding the disadvantages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reactor system component design, and particularly relates to an oxygen control device and method for a lead-based coolant reactor and a reactor system.
Background
The heavy metal cooling reactor represented by the lead-based coolant has the advantages of good thermal expansion performance, strong natural circulation capability and the like, and the fourth generation international forum for nuclear energy systems (GIF) also uses a lead-cooled fast reactor as one of six reactor types provided by the fourth generation international forum. The alpha-grade nuclear submarine of the Soviet Union uses a lead-cooled fast reactor as power, but due to insufficient research at that time, corrosion and dissolution of a reactor system by a liquid lead-bismuth coolant bring a series of serious problems, and gradually accumulated impurities block a reactor coolant flow passage, so that the safety of the reactor is influenced, and finally only retirement is realized. Subsequent researches find that when a steel material is in contact with a lead-based coolant for a long time, elements such as iron, chromium and nickel in the material are gradually dissolved in the lead-based coolant, and the flowing and scouring process of the lead-based coolant can corrode the structural material.
In order to ensure the safety of the lead-cooled reactor, measures are required to reduce the corrosion of the coolant on the structural materials of the reactor, and the current research direction mainly focuses on two aspects of the structural material surface coating technology and the lead-based coolant oxygen control technology. The development and application of the structure material surface coating technology are limited by the research of materials science, and the main principle of the lead-based coolant oxygen control technology is as follows: a compact oxide layer is formed on the surface of the structural material by utilizing dissolved oxygen in the lead-based coolant, and the solubility of the metal oxide in the coolant is very low, so that the structural material can be protected from being corroded by the lead-based coolant, and the service life and the structural strength of the structural material are ensured. When the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is too low, the maintenance of an oxide layer on the surface of the structural material is not facilitated; when the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is too high, an oxide layer on the surface of the structural material may be peeled off and enter the lead-based coolant, and lead oxide (PbO) is generated in the lead-based coolant, and these product impurities may be gradually deposited in a coolant circulation system to block a flow channel, thereby causing potential safety hazards. Therefore, the oxygen concentration in the coolant system needs to be strictly controlled to ensure that the oxygen concentration is within a reasonable interval, so that the oxide film on the surface of the structural material stably exists, and meanwhile, excessive oxide impurities blocking the flow channel are not generated in the lead-based coolant.
Related researches on the oxygen control technology of the lead-based coolant have been carried out internationally and domestically, and certain achievements are achieved. The method for realizing oxygen control of the coolant at the present stage mainly comprises a gas-phase oxygen control technology and a solid-phase oxygen control technology. The gas phase oxygen control technique is not stable enough and may produce fluctuations in oxygen concentration. The mass exchanger in the solid phase oxygen control technology loop cannot be replaced or maintained during use.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an oxygen control device, method and reactor system for a lead-based coolant reactor, aiming at the defects in the prior art, wherein a solid-phase oxygen control technology and a gas-phase oxygen control technology are simultaneously utilized to control the oxygen concentration, the gas-phase oxygen control technology is used for reducing the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the engineering is easy to realize, the lead-based coolant can be purified, the solid-phase oxygen control technology is used for improving the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the response speed is high, no extra oxide impurities are generated, and the two technologies are simultaneously used for enhancing the advantages and avoiding the disadvantages.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problem of the invention is to provide an oxygen control device for a lead-based coolant reactor, which comprises the following components: the oxygen concentration detector is arranged in a reactor main container of the lead-based coolant reactor, the reactor main container is used for containing the lead-based coolant, and the oxygen concentration detector is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the thermocouple is used for measuring the temperature of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the temperature to the controller;
the first storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and used for storing mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas, and the mixed gas in the first storage tank is used for introducing into the reactor main container to reduce the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
the first pipeline is arranged between the first storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the first storage tank and the reactor main container;
the first valve is arranged on the first pipeline;
the second storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and is used for storing lead oxide and lead-based coolant, and the lead oxide and lead-based coolant in the second storage tank are used for introducing into the reactor main container to increase the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
a heater for heating the second storage tank;
the second pipeline is arranged between the second storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the second storage tank and the reactor main container;
the second valve is arranged on the second pipeline;
and the controller is used for controlling the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, and adjusting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container.
Preferably, the inert gas is argon.
The invention also provides an oxygen control method using the oxygen control device, which comprises the following steps:
the oxygen concentration detector detects the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sends the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the controller controls the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, performs gas-phase oxygen control through the first valve, performs solid-phase oxygen control through the second valve, and adjusts the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container.
Preferably, the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant stored in the controller is preset according to the corrosion resistance and dissolution characteristics of the reactor structural material in the lead-based coolant, and the thermodynamic and hydraulic parameters of the reactor.
Preferably, the predetermined lead-based coolant concentration is
Wherein T is temperature, wO,maxIs the highest mass ratio of oxygen ions, wO,minIs the lowest mass ratio of oxygen ions, CFeIs the solubility of iron in the fluid at the corresponding temperature.
Preferably, the step controller controls the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant sent by the thermocouple, and the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel is regulated specifically as follows:
when the oxygen concentration received by the controller is lower than the preset oxygen concentration value, the controller controls the second valve to be opened, the lead-based coolant with the lead oxide dissolved is introduced into the reactor main container until the oxygen concentration received by the controller is increased to the preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller controls the second valve to be closed.
Preferably, the step controller controls the first valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant sent by the thermocouple, and the step controller adjusts the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel specifically as follows:
when the oxygen concentration received by the controller is higher than the preset oxygen concentration value, the controller controls the first valve to be opened, the mixed gas of the hydrogen and the inert gas in the first storage tank is introduced into the reactor main container until the oxygen concentration received by the controller is reduced to the preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller controls the first valve to be closed.
Preferably, the volume fraction of hydrogen in the mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas in the first storage tank is 3-5%.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the heater to the second storage tank is 400 to 600K.
The present invention also provides a lead-based coolant reactor system comprising: the reactor comprises a reactor main container used for containing lead-based coolant, and the oxygen control device for the lead-based coolant reactor, which is connected with the reactor main container.
The oxygen control device, the method and the reactor system for the lead-based coolant reactor have the following outstanding advantages: (1) meanwhile, a gas-phase oxygen control technology and a solid-phase oxygen control technology are utilized, the advantages of different oxygen control modes are fully utilized, the control reliability is improved, the gas-phase oxygen control technology is used for reducing the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the project is easy to realize, the lead-based coolant can be purified, the solid-phase oxygen control technology is used for improving the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the response speed is high, extra oxide impurities cannot be generated, and the oxygen concentration of the reactor coolant is ensured to be in a reasonable interval from multiple angles; (2) the final product of the oxygen concentration regulation by the solid-phase oxygen control technology is lead and water, the lead is a coolant of a heavy metal reactor and can be continuously used, the water exists in a gaseous state under the normal-pressure high-temperature working condition of the operation of the reactor, the density of the water is less than that of a lead-based coolant, the water can be directly led out from an exhaust pipe at the upper part of a reactor main container in a steam form, and no new impurity is introduced due to the regulation of the oxygen concentration; and (3) due to the addition and the use of the oxygen control device, the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is accurately controlled, the corrosion and dissolution rate of the heavy metal coolant to the reactor structural material are reduced, the impurity removal and maintenance difficulty of the reactor system is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the reactor system during operation are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an oxygen control device of a lead-based coolant reactor and a lead-based coolant reactor system in example 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an oxygen concentration detector; 2-reactor main vessel; 3-a first storage tank; 4-a first conduit; 5-a first valve; 6-a second storage tank; 7-a heater; 8-a second conduit; 9-a second valve; 10-a controller; 11-signal transmission line; 12-thermocouple.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides an oxygen control device for a lead-based coolant reactor, including: the oxygen concentration detector is arranged in a reactor main container of the lead-based coolant reactor, the reactor main container is used for containing the lead-based coolant, and the oxygen concentration detector is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the thermocouple is used for measuring the temperature of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the temperature to the controller;
the first storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and used for storing mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas, and the mixed gas in the first storage tank is used for introducing into the reactor main container to reduce the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
the first pipeline is arranged between the first storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the first storage tank and the reactor main container;
the first valve is arranged on the first pipeline;
the second storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and is used for storing lead oxide and lead-based coolant, and the lead oxide and lead-based coolant in the second storage tank are used for introducing into the reactor main container to increase the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
a heater for heating the second storage tank;
the second pipeline is arranged between the second storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the second storage tank and the reactor main container;
the second valve is arranged on the second pipeline;
and the controller is used for controlling the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, and adjusting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container.
The present embodiment further provides an oxygen control method using the above oxygen control device, including the following steps:
the oxygen concentration detector detects the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sends the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the controller controls the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, performs gas-phase oxygen control through the first valve, performs solid-phase oxygen control through the second valve, and adjusts the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container.
The oxygen control device and method for the lead-based coolant reactor in the embodiment have the following outstanding advantages: (1) meanwhile, a gas-phase oxygen control technology and a solid-phase oxygen control technology are utilized, the advantages of different oxygen control modes are fully utilized, the control reliability is improved, the gas-phase oxygen control technology is used for reducing the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the project is easy to realize, the lead-based coolant can be purified, the solid-phase oxygen control technology is used for improving the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the response speed is high, extra oxide impurities cannot be generated, and the oxygen concentration of the reactor coolant is ensured to be in a reasonable interval from multiple angles; (2) the final product of the oxygen concentration regulation by the solid-phase oxygen control technology is lead and water, the lead is a coolant of a heavy metal reactor and can be continuously used, the water exists in a gaseous state under the normal-pressure high-temperature working condition of the operation of the reactor, the density of the water is less than that of a lead-based coolant, the water can be directly led out from an exhaust pipe at the upper part of a reactor main container in a steam form, and no new impurity is introduced due to the regulation of the oxygen concentration; (3) the oxygen control device is added and used, so that the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is accurately controlled, the corrosion and dissolution rate of the heavy metal coolant to the reactor structural material are reduced, the impurity removal maintenance difficulty of the reactor system is reduced, and the safety and reliability of the reactor system during operation are improved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an oxygen control apparatus for a lead-based coolant reactor, including: the system comprises an oxygen concentration detector 1, a controller 10 and a controller, wherein the oxygen concentration detector 1 is arranged in a reactor main container 2 of a lead-based coolant reactor, the reactor main container 2 is used for containing a lead-based coolant, and the oxygen concentration detector 1 is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container 2 and sending the oxygen concentration to the controller; specifically, the oxygen concentration detector 1 in the present embodiment is an oxygen concentration sensor;
a thermocouple 12 for measuring the temperature of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel 2 and sending it to the controller 10;
the first storage tank 3 is connected with the reactor main container 2, the first storage tank 3 is used for storing mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas, and the mixed gas in the first storage tank 3 is used for introducing into the reactor main container 2 to reduce the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
a first pipe 4 disposed between the first storage tank 3 and the reactor main vessel 2,
the first pipeline 4 is respectively connected with the first storage tank 3 and the reactor main container 2;
a first valve 5 disposed on the first pipe 4;
the second storage tank 6 is connected with the reactor main container 2, the second storage tank 6 is used for storing lead oxide and lead-based coolant, and the lead oxide and lead-based coolant in the second storage tank 6 are used for introducing into the reactor main container 2 to improve the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant;
a heater 7 for heating the second storage tank 6; the second storage tank 6 is filled with lead oxide particles, the lead oxide particles are immersed in the lead-based coolant, the temperature of the lead-based coolant can be adjusted by the heating power of the heater 7, the temperature of the lead-based coolant is changed, the solubility of the lead oxide is further influenced, when the solubility is increased, solid lead oxide is dissolved into the lead-based coolant, when the solubility is reduced, the lead oxide dissolved in the lead-based coolant is attached and separated on the surfaces of the lead oxide particles, the dissolution and the separation of the lead oxide in the lead-based coolant are controlled, and the control of the oxygen concentration in the injected lead-based coolant is realized; specifically, the heater 7 in the present embodiment is provided outside the second storage tank 6 to heat it;
a second pipe 8 disposed between the second storage tank 6 and the reactor main vessel 2, the second pipe 8 being connected to the second storage tank 6 and the reactor main vessel 2, respectively;
a second valve 9 disposed on the second conduit 8;
and a controller 10 for controlling the first valve 5 and the second valve 9 to adjust the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel 2 according to the received oxygen concentration signal from the oxygen concentration detector 1 and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple 12.
In this example, the inert gas is argon gas.
Specifically, the oxygen concentration detector 1 in the present embodiment is connected to the controller 10 via a signal transmission line 11, and the oxygen concentration detector 1 transmits an oxygen concentration signal detected by the signal transmission line 11 to the controller 10.
The present embodiment further provides an oxygen control method using the above oxygen control device, including the following steps:
(1) presetting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant with the lowest corrosion and dissolution rate of the structural material stored in the controller 10 according to the corrosion resistance and dissolution characteristics of the structural material of the reactor in the lead-based coolant and the thermal hydraulic parameters of the reactor; the predetermined concentration of the lead-based coolant is
Wherein T is temperature, wO,maxIs the highest mass ratio of oxygen ions, wO,minIs the lowest mass ratio of oxygen ions, CFeIs the solubility of iron in the fluid at the corresponding temperature.
(2) When the reactor is in a power running state, the oxygen concentration detector 1 monitors the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor, and the oxygen concentration detector 1 detects the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container 2 and sends the oxygen concentration to the controller 10;
(3) the controller 10 controls the first valve 5 and the second valve 9 according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector 1 and the temperature signal sent by the thermocouple 12, performs gas-phase oxygen control through the first valve 5, performs solid-phase oxygen control through the second valve 9, and adjusts the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel 2:
when the oxygen concentration received by the controller 10 is lower than the preset oxygen concentration value, the controller 10 controls the second valve 9 to open, and controls the flow rate. The second storage tank 6 is filled with lead oxide particles, the lead oxide particles are immersed in the lead-based coolant, the temperature of the lead-based coolant can be adjusted by the heating power of the heater 7, the temperature of the lead-based coolant is changed, the solubility of the lead oxide is further influenced, when the solubility is increased, solid lead oxide is dissolved into the lead-based coolant, when the solubility is reduced, the lead oxide dissolved in the lead-based coolant is attached and separated on the surfaces of the lead oxide particles, the dissolution and the separation of the lead oxide in the lead-based coolant are controlled, and the control of the oxygen concentration in the injected lead-based coolant is realized. The heating temperature of the heater 7 to the second storage tank 6 is 400-600K, the second valve 9 is opened at a certain flow rate, the lead-based coolant with lead oxide dissolved is introduced into the reactor main container 2, the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container 2 is increased until the oxygen concentration received by the controller 10 is increased to a preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller 10 controls the second valve 9 to be closed. The second valve 9 is closed when the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel 2 is within a preset reasonable interval.
When the oxygen concentration received by the controller 10 is higher than a preset oxygen concentration value, the controller 10 controls the first valve 5 to open, controls the flow rate, and introduces the mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas in the first storage tank 3 into the reactor main container 2, wherein the volume fraction of hydrogen in the mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas in the first storage tank 3 is 3-5%, the volume fraction can ensure that the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is rapidly reduced, meanwhile, hidden troubles of hydrogen combustion and explosion are eliminated, the hydrogen in the mixed gas can reduce the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container 2 until the oxygen concentration received by the controller 10 is reduced to the preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller 10 controls the first valve 5 to close. When the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel 2 is within a preset reasonable interval, the first valve 5 is in a closed state.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment also provides a lead-based coolant reactor system including: a reactor main container 2 used for containing lead-based coolant, and the oxygen control device for the lead-based coolant reactor connected with the reactor main container 2.
The oxygen control device, the method and the reactor system for the lead-based coolant reactor in the embodiment have the following outstanding advantages: (1) meanwhile, a gas-phase oxygen control technology and a solid-phase oxygen control technology are utilized, the advantages of different oxygen control modes are fully utilized, the advantages are raised, the disadvantages are avoided, the control reliability is improved, the gas-phase oxygen control technology is used for reducing the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the inert gas enables hydrogen in the mixed gas not to be combusted or exploded, the safety of system equipment is improved, the engineering is easy to realize, the lead-based coolant can be purified, the solid-phase oxygen control technology is used for improving the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant, the response speed is high, no extra oxide impurities are generated, and the oxygen concentration of the reactor coolant is ensured to be in a reasonable interval from multiple angles; (2) the final product of the oxygen concentration regulation by the solid-phase oxygen control technology is lead and water, the lead is a coolant of a heavy metal reactor and can be continuously used, the water exists in a gaseous state under the normal-pressure high-temperature working condition of the operation of the reactor, the density of the water is less than that of the lead-based coolant, the water can be directly led out from an exhaust pipe at the upper part of a reactor main container 2 in a water vapor form, and no new impurity is introduced due to the regulation of the oxygen concentration; (3) the oxygen control device is added and used, so that the oxygen concentration in the lead-based coolant is accurately controlled, the corrosion and dissolution rate of the heavy metal coolant to the reactor structural material are reduced, the impurity removal maintenance difficulty of the reactor system is reduced, and the safety and reliability of the reactor system during operation are improved.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An oxygen control device for a lead based coolant reactor, comprising: the oxygen concentration detector is arranged in a reactor main container of the lead-based coolant reactor, the reactor main container is used for containing the lead-based coolant, and the oxygen concentration detector is used for detecting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the thermocouple is used for measuring the temperature of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sending the temperature to the controller;
the first storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and is used for storing mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas;
the first pipeline is arranged between the first storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the first storage tank and the reactor main container;
the first valve is arranged on the first pipeline;
the second storage tank is connected with the reactor main container and is used for storing lead oxide and lead-based coolant;
a heater for heating the second storage tank;
the second pipeline is arranged between the second storage tank and the reactor main container and is respectively connected with the second storage tank and the reactor main container;
the second valve is arranged on the second pipeline;
the controller is used for controlling the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, adjusting the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container, opening the second valve to introduce the lead-based coolant with lead oxide dissolved into the reactor main container, increasing the oxygen concentration to a preset oxygen concentration value through solid-phase oxygen control, and opening the first valve to reduce the oxygen concentration to the preset oxygen concentration value through gas-phase oxygen control.
2. An oxygen control method using the oxygen control device according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the oxygen concentration detector detects the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container and sends the oxygen concentration to the controller;
the controller controls the first valve and the second valve according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant measured by the thermocouple, performs gas-phase oxygen control through the first valve, performs solid-phase oxygen control through the second valve, and adjusts the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main container.
3. The oxygen control method according to claim 2, wherein the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant stored in the controller is preset according to corrosion resistance and dissolution characteristics of the reactor structural material in the lead-based coolant, and thermal hydraulic parameters of the reactor.
4. The oxygen control method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined concentration of the lead-based coolant is set to be
Wherein T is temperature, wO,maxIs the highest mass ratio of oxygen ions, wO,minIs the lowest mass ratio of oxygen ions, CFeIs the solubility of iron in the fluid at the corresponding temperature.
5. The oxygen control method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the step controller controls the second valve to adjust the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant sent by the thermocouple by:
when the oxygen concentration received by the controller is lower than the preset oxygen concentration value, the controller controls the second valve to be opened, the lead-based coolant with the lead oxide dissolved is introduced into the reactor main container until the oxygen concentration received by the controller is increased to the preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller controls the second valve to be closed.
6. The oxygen control method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the step controller controls the first valve to adjust the oxygen concentration of the lead-based coolant in the reactor main vessel according to the received oxygen concentration signal sent by the oxygen concentration detector and the temperature signal of the lead-based coolant sent by the thermocouple, and the specific process is as follows:
when the oxygen concentration received by the controller is higher than the preset oxygen concentration value, the controller controls the first valve to be opened, the mixed gas of the hydrogen and the inert gas in the first storage tank is introduced into the reactor main container until the oxygen concentration received by the controller is reduced to the preset oxygen concentration value, and the controller controls the first valve to be closed.
7. The oxygen control method according to claim 2, wherein the volume fraction of hydrogen in the mixed gas of hydrogen and inert gas in the first storage tank is 3 to 5%.
8. The oxygen control method according to claim 2, wherein the heating temperature of the heater to the second storage tank is 400 to 600K.
9. A lead-based coolant reactor system, comprising: a reactor main vessel for containing a lead-based coolant, the oxygen control device for a lead-based coolant reactor of claim 1 connected to the reactor main vessel.
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