CN112410572A - Melting and purifying device for liquid metal loop - Google Patents
Melting and purifying device for liquid metal loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN112410572A CN112410572A CN202011199400.1A CN202011199400A CN112410572A CN 112410572 A CN112410572 A CN 112410572A CN 202011199400 A CN202011199400 A CN 202011199400A CN 112410572 A CN112410572 A CN 112410572A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Pb] JWZCKIBZGMIRSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010584 magnetic trap Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910000909 Lead-bismuth eutectic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/02—Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, or supersonic wave action including acoustic waves
- C22B9/023—By filtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/06—Obtaining bismuth
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/28—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core
- G21C19/30—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps
- G21C19/307—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps specially adapted for liquids
- G21C19/31—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps specially adapted for liquids for molten metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention provides a melting and purifying device for a liquid metal loop, which comprises a melting and purifying tank, a heating device, a storage tank, a pipeline I, a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pipeline II and a pipeline III, wherein the pipeline I is connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder; the top of the melting and purifying tank is provided with a first end cover or a second end cover, the first end cover is a first flange, and the second end cover comprises a magnet sleeve, a second flange and a third flange; the heating device is arranged on the outer side of the middle lower part of the melting and purifying tank and comprises a heating device tank body, a heating rod and heat conducting oil; the bottom of the melting purification tank is connected with the top of the storage tank through a first pipeline; the top of the storage tank is connected with the main loop through a second pipeline; the second pipeline is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the melting and purifying tank through a third pipeline. The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop shortens the charging time, improves the melting and charging efficiency, and maximizes the utilization of the melting and purifying tank, wherein the melting and purifying tank has the functions of a melting tank, a filter and a magnetic trap or a cold trap and a magnetic trap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid metal melting and purification, and particularly relates to a melting and purifying device for a liquid metal loop.
Background
The liquid metal mainly comprises lead (Pb), lead bismuth (PbBi) alloy, lead lithium (PbLi) alloy and the like, the liquid metal is the first choice of a nuclear reactor coolant of a new generation due to low melting point, high boiling point, high thermal conductivity and high safety, for example, an accelerator driving subcritical system (ADS) selects Lead Bismuth Eutectic (LBE) as a reactor coolant, lead is selected as a coolant in a lead-based reactor, and lead lithium alloy is used as a coolant in a fusion reactor.
In order to research various service properties such as corrosion, thermal engineering and the like of liquid metal lead bismuth alloy (PbBi) and lead lithium alloy (PbLi), a large loop needs to be established for research. The large-scale loop of the liquid metal is divided into a material corrosion loop, a thermal loop and the like according to functions; the liquid metal coolant is divided into a lead lithium loop, a lead bismuth loop and the like according to the operation; the pump may be divided into a natural circulation circuit, a forced convection circuit, etc. according to the presence or absence of the driving pump. At present, the large-scale loop is high in cost, because the liquid metal coolants have different properties, some devices of the lead bismuth loop are not suitable for the lead lithium loop, such as a purification device, so that the same large-scale loop cannot operate different liquid metal coolants, and the construction and operation cost of the loop is increased.
Large circuits typically include melting tanks, storage tanks, drive pumps, gas systems, heating and holding systems, test sections, purification devices, heat exchangers, expansion tanks, heaters, cooling systems, and the like. At present, a melting tank and a purification device are generally designed in a split mode, the existing melting tank is generally a cylindrical tank body, the main function of the existing melting tank is to melt PbBi and PbLi alloy ingots, the alloy ingots are generally cylindrical and are 2 times of the diameter, heating wires are wound on the tank wall of the melting tank, in order to prevent electric leakage, the heating wires cannot be directly wound on the tank wall of the melting tank, hollow bowl-shaped insulating ceramics are sleeved outside the heating wires, a thermocouple is arranged on the outer wall of the tank body, and the outermost layer of the melting tank is an insulating layer. The ingot in the melting tank flows into a storage tank after being heated and melted, and then is pressed into a loop through high-pressure gas. However, the existing problems are that after the melting tank melts the alloy required by the loop, the melting tank is basically abandoned, and the time for the melting tank to melt the ingot is too long, so that the efficiency is low. The ingot casting time is long and the efficiency is low, firstly, the ingot casting is a cylindrical ingot and is placed in the melting tankIf the bottom of the ingot is contacted with the bottom of the melting tank, the ingot is not contacted with the side wall of the melting tank generally, and even the ingot is contacted with the side wall of the melting tank, the ingot is in line contact, not in surface contact; secondly, the hollow bowl-shaped ceramic is sleeved outside the heating wire, the ceramic has poor heat conductivity, and the hollow bowl-shaped ceramic sleeved outside is in point contact with the side wall of the melting tank, so that the heat of the heating wire is transferred to the ingot through the contact point of the ceramic with poor heat conductivity and the melting tank or the air to the tank wall of the melting tank, then transferred to the bottom of the melting tank through the tank body and then transferred to the ingot or transferred to the ingot through the line contact of the tank wall of the melting tank and the ingot, and the heating efficiency is low. Thirdly, the heating wire is wound on the outer wall of the tank body or the pipeline, and the heating wire cannot be too thick and is easy to burn off; fourthly, the heat capacity of the cast ingot is large and more heat is needed no matter the lead bismuth alloy or the lead lithium alloy; fifthly, after the ingot is melted and flows into a storage tank, the melting tank can be opened for charging and melting again after being cooled to room temperature; because the outer layer of the melting tank is fixedly wrapped with the heating wires and the heat-insulating layer, only the heat-insulating layer above the flange can be taken off for cooling, and the cooling time is long; the high temperature of opening the melting tank may cause oxidation of the liquid metal remaining in the melting tank to produce impurities. In addition, the temperature is high, and the personal safety of operators cannot be guaranteed. Sixthly, the charging time is long, if the weight of the molten PbBi and PbLi required by the circuit is 3 tons, about 0.3m3An ingot of 10cm diameter and 20cm height weighed approximately 33kg, and 91 ingots were required, even though according to the optimum design, 14 ingots were charged at a time and the charging process was repeated 7 times.
Liquid metal PbBi/PbLi as a coolant can seriously corrode structural materials and generate impurities in the use process, the corrosion modes mainly comprise oxidation corrosion, erosion corrosion, dissolution corrosion and the like, impurities can be introduced into overhaul, loading and unloading materials and raw materials, and the impurities are accumulated to a certain degree in a loop, so that a flow passage and a loop pipeline of a heat exchanger are easily blocked, the heat conductivity of the liquid metal is changed, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced and the like, and therefore purification is needed. The existing purification device mainly comprises a magnetic trap, a cold trap, a filter and the like, wherein the magnetic trap can only adsorb ferromagnetic impurities, the filter can only filter impurities smaller than the size of a filter hole, and the cold trap can separate out partial impurities through cooling and filter the impurities through a filter screen. At present, the dissolution corrosion can be reduced by adopting an oxygen control mode in a liquid PbBi system, and the main impurities are oxides, so that the purification mode mainly comprises a magnetic trap and a filter; and because Li is more active, an oxygen control system cannot be used, the liquid PbLi has dissolution corrosion besides oxidation corrosion and erosion corrosion, and cold trap and magnetic trap purification are mainly used.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a melting and purifying apparatus for a liquid metal circuit, which reduces the charging time and improves the melting and charging efficiency, and integrates a melting tank and a purifying tank, and has the melting function of the melting tank, the purifying function of a filter and a magnetic trap, or the purifying function of a cold trap and a magnetic trap, and the melting and purifying apparatus is suitable for both a liquid lead bismuth alloy coolant and a liquid lead lithium alloy coolant.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a melting and purifying device for a liquid metal loop comprises a melting and purifying tank, a heating device, a storage tank, a pipeline I, a high-pressure gas cylinder, a pipeline II and a pipeline III; the top of the melting and purifying tank is provided with a first end cover or a second end cover, the first end cover is a first flange, and the second end cover comprises a magnet sleeve, a second flange and a third flange; the top of the melting and purifying tank is also provided with a liquid level meter and a gas pipeline I;
the heating device is arranged on the outer side of the middle lower part of the melting and purifying tank and comprises a heating device tank body, a heating rod and heat conduction oil, the heating device tank body is sleeved outside the purifying and melting tank, the heating rod is arranged between the side wall of the heating device tank body and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank, and the heat conduction oil is arranged between the heating device tank body and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank;
the bottom of the melting purification tank is connected with the top of the storage tank through the first pipeline, and the first pipeline is provided with a first valve and a flowmeter; the top of the storage tank is connected with the main loop through the second pipeline, the second pipeline is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the melting and purifying tank through the third pipeline, and valves II are arranged on the second pipeline and the second pipeline which are positioned on the third pipeline and the top of the storage tank; a third valve is arranged on the third pipeline;
the melting purification tank, the heating device, the first end cover and the second end cover are all provided with heat preservation systems, and the storage tank, the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline are all provided with heating heat preservation systems.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that the magnet sleeve is fixedly arranged on the flange III, the flange II is arranged at the upper end of the magnet sleeve, the lower end of the magnet sleeve penetrates through the flange III to extend into the bottom of the melting and purifying tank, the part of the magnet sleeve, which is positioned in the melting and purifying tank, is arranged in the middle of the filter element, and the permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet sleeve.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that a filter element is filled in the purifying and melting tank, the filter element is detachable, the filter element is hollow and cylindrical, the filter element comprises an outer layer filter element and an inner layer filter element, the pore size of the outer layer filter element is always larger than that of the inner layer filter element, the pore size of the outer layer filter element is 20-500 mu m, and the pore size of the inner layer filter element is 2-50 mu m.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that the liquid level meter and the first gas pipeline are arranged on the first flange or the third flange; the top of the storage tank is also connected with a high-pressure gas cylinder through a gas pipeline II.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that a first thermocouple and a second thermocouple are respectively arranged at the side part and the bottom part of a tank body of the heating device.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that a heat conduction oil outlet pipe is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the heating device tank body, a heat conduction oil inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the heating device tank body, the heat conduction oil inlet pipe and the heat conduction oil outlet pipe are communicated with a liquid metal loop oil cooling system, and a fourth valve is arranged on the heat conduction oil inlet pipe.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that the inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank is odd times of the diameter of an ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank is 1-5 times of the height of the ingot.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that the inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank is 3 times or 5 times of the diameter of an ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank is 2 times of the height of the ingot.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that a first gas valve is arranged on a first gas pipeline, and the upper end of the first gas pipeline is connected with a vacuum and gas system; a second gas valve is arranged on the second gas pipeline; and a differential pressure gauge is arranged between the first pipeline and the third pipeline.
The melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop is characterized in that the liquid metal is a liquid lead bismuth alloy or a liquid lead lithium alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the melting purification tank adopts the heating rod and the heat-conducting oil to heat, the heat-conducting oil and the melting purification tank body are in surface contact, heat transfer is fast, the melting time of the melting purification tank is greatly shortened, the heat-conducting oil can be used as a heat transfer medium, the melting purification tank can be cooled, the cooling time of the melting purification tank is greatly shortened, the melting efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced. In addition, the use temperature of the heat conduction oil can reach 350 ℃, and the safety is better compared with media such as water and the like.
2. The melting and purifying tank improves the split design of the existing melting tank and purifying tank into an integrated design, the filter element can be detached, and the filter element is taken down during melting, namely the melting tank is adopted; after the melting is finished, the filter element is filled and the top cover containing the magnetic sleeve is replaced, the melting and purifying tank becomes a filter and a magnetic trap, and if the heat conduction oil cooling system is started at the same time, the melting and purifying tank becomes a cold trap and a magnetic trap, so that the melting and purifying tank has multiple functions, and the loop construction and operation cost is reduced.
3. The melting and purifying device is suitable for a loop taking liquid lead-bismuth alloy as a coolant and a loop taking liquid lead-lithium alloy as a coolant, solves the problem that one loop can only operate one liquid metal coolant from the purifying device, and reduces the construction and operation cost of the loop.
4. After filling the filter core, be equipped with the magnet sleeve in the middle of the filter core, rather than being equipped with the magnet sleeve between filter core and melting purification tank wall, firstly reduced the telescopic quantity of magnet, promoted purifying effect, secondly be the liquid metal after filtration purification in the middle of the filter core, the rate can reduce is piled up to the impurity on magnet sleeve surface to the telescopic life of magnet has been promoted.
5. The inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank is odd times of the diameter of the cast ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank is 1-5 times of the height of the cast ingot, so that the cast ingots are arranged most closely, the cast ingots with the most amount are filled in a limited design volume, and the filling efficiency of the cast ingots is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the melting and purifying apparatus for a liquid metal circuit when used as a melting tank;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of the melting and purifying apparatus for a liquid metal circuit when used as a purification tank.
In the figure, 1-a melting purification tank, 11-a filter element, 12-a flange I, 13-a liquid level meter, 14-a gas pipeline I, 15-a gas valve I, 16-a differential pressure meter, 17-a magnet sleeve, 18-a flange II, 19-a flange III, 2-a heating device, 21-a heating device tank body, 22-a heating rod, 23-a thermocouple I, 24-a thermocouple II, 25-a heat transfer oil outlet pipe, 26-a heat transfer oil inlet pipe, 27-a valve IV, 3-a storage tank, 4-a pipeline I, 41-a valve I, 42-a flow meter, 5-a main loop, 6-a high-pressure gas cylinder, 61-a gas pipeline II, 62-a gas valve II, 7-a pipeline II, 71-a valve II, 8-a pipeline III, 81-valve three.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a melting and purifying apparatus for a liquid metal circuit includes a melting and purifying tank 1, a heating apparatus 2, a storage tank 3, a first pipe 4, a high pressure gas cylinder 6, a second pipe 7, and a third pipe 8.
The purification melting tank 1 is filled with a filter element 11, the filter element 11 is detachable, the filter element 11 is hollow and cylindrical, the filter element 11 comprises an outer layer filter element and an inner layer filter element, the pore space of the outer layer filter element is always larger than the pore space of the inner layer filter element, the pore space of the outer layer filter element is 20-500 mu m, and the pore space of the inner layer filter element is 2-50 mu m; (ii) a
The top of the melting and purifying tank 1 is provided with a first end cover or a second end cover, and the first end cover is a flange I12; the second end cover comprises a magnet sleeve 17, a second flange 18 and a third flange 19, the magnet sleeve 17 is fixedly arranged on the third flange 19 through welding, the second flange 18 is arranged at the upper end of the magnet sleeve 17, the lower end of the magnet sleeve 17 penetrates through the third flange 19 to extend into the bottom of the melting and purifying tank 1, the part of the magnet sleeve 17, which is positioned in the melting and purifying tank 1, is arranged in the middle of the filter element 11, and a permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet sleeve 17;
the top of the melting and purifying tank 1 is also provided with a liquid level meter 13 and a first gas pipeline 14, the liquid level meter 13 and the first gas pipeline 14 are arranged on a first flange 12 or a third flange 19, the first gas pipeline 14 is provided with a first gas valve 15, and the upper end of the first gas pipeline 14 is connected with a vacuum and gas system;
the heating device 2 is arranged on the outer side of the middle lower part of the melting and purifying tank 1, the heating device 2 comprises a heating device tank body 21, a heating rod 22 and heat conduction oil, the heating device tank body 21 is sleeved outside the melting and purifying tank 1, the heating rod 22 is arranged between the side wall of the heating device tank body 21 and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank 1, and the heat conduction oil is arranged between the heating device tank body 21 and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank 1; the side part and the bottom part of the heating device tank body 21 are respectively provided with a first thermocouple 23 and a second thermocouple 24; a heat conduction oil outlet pipe 25 is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the heating device tank body 21, a heat conduction oil inlet pipe 26 is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the heating device tank body 21, the heat conduction oil inlet pipe 26 and the heat conduction oil outlet pipe 25 are communicated with a liquid metal loop oil cooling system, and a valve IV 27 is arranged on the heat conduction oil inlet pipe 26;
the bottom of the melting purification tank 1 is connected with the top of the storage tank 3 through a first pipeline 4, and a first valve 41 and a flow meter 42 are arranged on the first pipeline 4; the top of the storage tank 3 is also connected with the high-pressure gas cylinder 6 through a second gas pipeline 61, and a second gas valve 62 is arranged on the second gas pipeline 61;
the top of the storage tank 3 is connected with the main loop 5 through a second pipeline 7, the second pipeline 7 is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the melting and purifying tank 1 through a third pipeline 8, a second valve 71 is arranged on the pipeline of the second pipeline 7, which is positioned at the third pipeline 8 and the top of the storage tank 3, a third valve 81 is arranged on the third pipeline 8, a differential pressure gauge 16 is arranged between the first pipeline 4 and the third pipeline 8, and the differential pressure gauge 16 is arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the melting and purifying tank 1;
the melting and purifying tank 1, the heating device 2, the first end cover and the second end cover are all provided with heat preservation systems, and the storage tank 3, the first pipeline 4, the second pipeline 7 and the third pipeline 8 are all provided with heating and heat preservation systems.
The inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank 1 is odd times of the diameter of the ingot, the height of the melting and purifying tank 1 is 1-5 times of the height of the ingot, preferably, the inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank 1 is 3 times or 5 times of the diameter of the ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank 1 is 2 times of the height of the ingot.
The liquid metal is liquid lead bismuth alloy or liquid lead lithium alloy.
The working process of the melting and purifying device for the liquid metal loop in the embodiment is as follows:
when used as a melting pot to melt an ingot:
opening the first flange 12, taking out the filter element 11, putting in an ingot, sealing the melting and purifying tank 1 by using the first end cover, closing the second valve 71 and the third valve 81, opening the first valve 41, opening the first gas valve 15, vacuumizing the melting and purifying tank 1, the storage tank 3 and the first pipeline 4 by using a gas and vacuum system of a loop through a first gas pipeline 14, putting in a small amount of inert gas after vacuumizing is finished, and then closing the first valve 41. And opening the heating rod 22 to heat to a temperature 50-100 ℃ higher than the melting point of the lead bismuth or the lead lithium, and simultaneously opening the first pipeline 4 and the heating and heat-insulating system of the storage tank 3 to control the temperature to be 30-50 ℃ higher than the melting point of the lead bismuth or the lead lithium alloy. And when the volume of the ingot casting calculated according to the reading of the liquid level meter 13 is close to the volume of the ingot casting, keeping the temperature for 30min, opening the first valve 41 to enable the molten lead bismuth or lead lithium alloy to flow into the storage tank 3, then closing the first valve 41, opening the fourth valve 27, then opening the loop oil cooling system to cool the melting and purifying tank 1 to the room temperature, closing the loop oil cooling system, and closing the fourth valve 27. And then opening the first flange 12 to carry out secondary ingot filling, after the filling is finished, sealing by using the first end cover, opening a loop gas and vacuum system, opening a gas valve I15, vacuumizing, then closing the gas valve I15, starting the next round of heating by opening a heating rod 22, melting, opening a valve I41, flowing into a storage tank 3, then opening the loop oil cooling system for cooling, cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out a cyclic process of filling until the melting is finished.
When the purifying tank is used as a filter and a magnetic trap for purification:
and after the ingot casting is melted, cooling the melting and purifying tank 1 to room temperature, closing the first valve 41, opening the first end cover, filling the filter element 11 into the melting and purifying tank 1, and sealing by using the second end cover. The heating rod 22 is opened, the heating and heat preservation system of the first pipeline 4, the second pipeline 7 and the third pipeline 8 is opened, the temperature of the whole melting and purifying tank 1 and the related pipelines is adjusted to be higher than the melting point of the coolant by more than 30 ℃ and not more than 350 ℃, the second valve 71 is closed, the first valve 41 and the third valve 81 are opened, the liquid metal coolant in the main loop 5 enters the melting and purifying tank 1 through the third pipeline 8, is purified by the filter element 11, is purified through magnetic adsorption of the magnet sleeve 17, and then flows into the storage tank 3 through the first pipeline 4, and primary filtration and magnetic trap purification are completed.
When the purification tank is used as a cold trap and a magnetic trap for purification:
and after the ingot casting is melted, cooling the melting and purifying tank 1 to room temperature, closing the first valve 41, opening the first end cover, filling the filter element 11 into the melting and purifying tank 1, and sealing by using the second end cover. Opening the heating rod 22, opening the heating and heat-insulating systems of the first pipeline 4, the second pipeline 7 and the third pipeline 8, adjusting the temperature of the whole melting and purifying tank 1 and the related pipelines to be above the melting point of the coolant plus 30 ℃ and the highest temperature of the coolant not exceeding 350 ℃, closing the second valve 71, closing the first valve 41, opening the third valve 81, enabling the liquid metal coolant in the main loop 5 to enter the melting and purifying tank 1 through the third pipeline 8, opening the oil cooling system, the liquid metal coolant entering the melting and purifying tank 1 is cooled, the lowest temperature is reduced by more than 50 ℃ relative to the temperature of the liquid metal in the main loop 5, dissolved corrosive impurities are supersaturated and separated out in the liquid metal coolant, the liquid metal coolant is purified by the filter element 11 and then is purified by magnetic adsorption of the magnetic sleeve 17, the opening of a first valve is adjusted to 41 degrees, the flow is controlled according to the reading of the flowmeter 42 and flows into the storage tank 3 through a pipeline I4, and the primary cold trap and magnetic trap purification is completed.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a liquid metal return circuit is with melting purifier which characterized in that: comprises a melting purification tank (1), a heating device (2), a storage tank (3), a pipeline I (4), a high-pressure gas cylinder (6), a pipeline II (7) and a pipeline III (8); the top of the melting and purifying tank (1) is provided with a first end cover or a second end cover, the first end cover is a first flange (12), and the second end cover comprises a magnet sleeve (17), a second flange (18) and a third flange (19); the top of the melting and purifying tank (1) is also provided with a liquid level meter (13) and a first gas pipeline (14);
the heating device (2) is arranged on the outer side of the middle lower part of the melting and purifying tank (1), the heating device (2) comprises a heating device tank body (21), a heating rod (22) and heat conduction oil, the heating device tank body (21) is sleeved outside the purifying and melting tank (1), the heating rod (22) is arranged between the side wall of the heating device tank body (21) and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank (1), and the heat conduction oil is arranged between the heating device tank body (21) and the outer wall of the melting and purifying tank (1);
the bottom of the melting purification tank (1) is connected with the top of the storage tank (3) through the first pipeline (4), and a first valve (41) and a flow meter (42) are arranged on the first pipeline (4); the top of the storage tank (3) is connected with the main loop (5) through the second pipeline (7), the second pipeline (7) is communicated with the upper part of the side wall of the melting and purifying tank (1) through the third pipeline (8), and the second valve (71) is arranged on the second pipeline (7) and positioned on the third pipeline (8) and the pipeline at the top of the storage tank (3); a third valve (81) is arranged on the third pipeline (8);
the melting purification tank (1), the heating device (2), the first end cover and the second end cover are all provided with heat preservation systems, and the storage tank (3), the first pipeline (4), the second pipeline (7) and the third pipeline (8) are all provided with heating heat preservation systems.
2. A melt-down purification device for a liquid metal circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the fixed magnet sleeve (17) that is equipped with on the flange three (19), the upper end of magnet sleeve (17) is equipped with flange two (18), the lower extreme of magnet sleeve (17) passes flange three (19) stretch into melt the bottom of purifying tank (1), magnet sleeve (17) are located melt the part setting in purifying tank (1) and be in the centre of filter core (11), magnet sleeve (17) inside has installed permanent magnet.
3. The melting purification apparatus for a liquid metal circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the purification melting tank (1) is filled with a filter element (11), the filter element (11) is detachable, the filter element (11) is hollow and cylindrical, the filter element (11) comprises an outer filter element and an inner filter element, the pore of the outer filter element is always larger than the pore of the inner filter element, the pore of the outer filter element is 20-500 mu m, and the pore of the inner filter element is 2-50 mu m.
4. The melting purification apparatus for a liquid metal circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid level meter (13) and the gas pipeline I (14) are arranged on the flange I (12) or the flange III (19); the top of the storage tank (3) is also connected with a high-pressure gas cylinder (6) through a gas pipeline II (61).
5. The melting purification apparatus for a liquid metal circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side part and the bottom part of the heating device tank body (21) are respectively provided with a first thermocouple (23) and a second thermocouple (24).
6. The melting purification apparatus for a liquid metal circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid metal cooling system is characterized in that a heat conduction oil outlet pipe (25) is arranged on the upper portion of the side wall of the heating device tank body (21), a heat conduction oil inlet pipe (26) is arranged at the lower end of the side wall of the heating device tank body (21), the heat conduction oil inlet pipe (26) and the heat conduction oil outlet pipe (25) are communicated with a liquid metal loop oil cooling system, and a valve four (27) is arranged on the heat conduction oil inlet pipe (26).
7. The melting purification apparatus for a liquid metal circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank (1) is odd times of the diameter of the ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank (1) is 1-5 times of the height of the ingot.
8. A melt-down purification device for a liquid metal circuit, according to claim 7, characterized in that: the inner diameter of the melting and purifying tank (1) is 3 times or 5 times of the diameter of an ingot, and the height of the melting and purifying tank (1) is 2 times of the height of the ingot.
9. A melt-down purification device for a liquid metal circuit, according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first gas valve (15) is arranged on the first gas pipeline (14), and the upper end of the first gas pipeline (14) is connected with a vacuum and gas system; a second gas valve (62) is arranged on the second gas pipeline (61); and a differential pressure meter (16) is arranged between the first pipeline (4) and the third pipeline (8).
10. A melt-down purification device for a liquid metal circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the liquid metal is liquid lead bismuth alloy or liquid lead lithium alloy.
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| CN113314247A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Purification device and purification method for lead-bismuth cooling reactor |
| CN114949970A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-08-30 | 岭东核电有限公司 | High-temperature liquid metal filtering device |
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Application publication date: 20210226 Assignee: Guangxi Taixing Environmental Testing Technology Service Co.,Ltd. Assignor: BAISE University Contract record no.: X2023980045588 Denomination of invention: A melting purification device for liquid metal circuits Granted publication date: 20220429 License type: Common License Record date: 20231106 |
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