CN110749986B - Infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system and image shift compensation method - Google Patents
Infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system and image shift compensation method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
- G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
- G02B15/16—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group
- G02B15/163—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group having a first movable lens or lens group and a second movable lens or lens group, both in front of a fixed lens or lens group
- G02B15/167—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group having a first movable lens or lens group and a second movable lens or lens group, both in front of a fixed lens or lens group having an additional fixed front lens or group of lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/66—Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4817—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
- G02B26/105—Scanning systems with one or more pivoting mirrors or galvano-mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0025—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration
- G02B27/0031—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical correction, e.g. distorsion, aberration for scanning purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The invention discloses an infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system and an image shift compensation method, which sequentially comprise the following steps from an object surface to an image surface: the device comprises a front fixed group, a compensation group, a variable magnification group, a rear fixed group, a scanning galvanometer, a secondary convergence group, a turning reflector, a tertiary imaging group, an optical window and an aperture diaphragm. When the scanning galvanometer is in a locking state, the optical system can work in a gaze tracking mode, the zooming magnification can reach 6 times, and the distortion of each focal length is less than 0.5%. When the scanning galvanometer scans back and forth within a certain angle range, the optical system can work in an area array circumferential scanning searching mode, the system can zoom among multiple focal lengths, defocusing is not generated in the scanning process, and imaging is clear. The system has the characteristics of compact zooming and scanning modes, small size of the scanning mirror, no defocusing in the scanning process, multi-gear area array Zhou Sao, ultralow optical distortion and staring continuous zooming by introducing the scanning mirror through the movement of the two groups of optical elements and the middle parallel light path, and can be applied to an infrared system integrating searching and tracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an infrared detection optical system, in particular to an infrared optical system for continuous zoom area array scanning and an image motion compensation method.
Background
The infrared searching and tracking utilizes the infrared characteristics of the target to detect the tracked target, can provide panoramic monitoring capability, can search the target at night or under the condition of poor visibility, improves the perception capability of the system on the threat targets in the air, the ground and the sea surface, and becomes one of modern important weaponry. The infrared searching and tracking system has two functions of target searching and target tracking. Firstly, the infrared system platform performs scanning imaging in the azimuth 360 degrees or the angle range of the key area at a certain rotating speed. After the target is found, the system switches to tracking mode. The infrared searching and tracking system has the advantages of good concealment, wide detection range, high positioning precision, strong camouflage recognition capability, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and has been widely focused and applied.
An infrared alarm system adopting an infrared array detector can perform imaging in a 360-degree azimuth range through platform scanning. After the target is found, the target cannot be tracked. With the application requirement of the integration of searching and tracking, a continuous scanning type area array detector imaging system is developed. Scanning of a continuously scanned area array imaging system during the integration time can cause relative motion between the focal plane and the scene, causing smearing and blurring of the image. Through the backswing compensation technology, an area array scanning infrared system with the infrared Zhou Sao searching and gaze tracking functions can be realized.
Related application research of a scanning type infrared searching and tracking system based on an area array detector is developed abroad. The French HGH infrared systems company developed a high-fraction wide area monitoring system Spynel-X8000 in 2014, which can complete a 360-degree azimuth scan with a 2 second/turn search rate, pitching the field of view by 5 degrees. The system adopts a reverse scanning compensation type image motion compensation scheme and adopts a refrigeration type medium wave infrared array detector.
The research of photoelectric early warning detection systems is developed in 2012 of the university of western medicine industry, and an area array detector with medium wave of 3.7-4.8 um is adopted, and the resolution is 320 multiplied by 256. The frame frequency of the output image is 50Hz, the focal length of the system is 90mm, and the F number of the optical system is 2. The reverse scanning compensation mode utilizes a limited-angle direct current torque motor to drive a reflecting mirror to realize the staring compensation function of the system focusing plane thermal imager, and eliminates the phenomenon of image tailing of the surface array device in the process of periscope searching. (white wave. Infrared search tracking System Key technical research Using focal plane Detector [ D ]. Western An industry university).
In 2014, CN 104539829A discloses an optical-mechanical structure based on scanning imaging of an infrared array detector, which realizes 360-degree omnibearing scanning imaging of a single infrared array detector, ensures that a blurring effect is not generated due to rotation of a platform when an infrared image is acquired, and can fully exert the characteristics of long integration time and high sensitivity of the infrared array focal plane detector.
In 2016, the Shanghai technology physical research institute of China academy of sciences designs an area array detector continuous scanning imaging optical system, and the focal length of the system is 73mm, F/2 and is matched with a 320 multiplied by 256 detector. (in the ocean, wang Shiyong, et al. Area array detectors continuously scan imaging optics, infrared and laser engineering, 2016, 45 (1): 0118002-1-018002-5).
In 2019, in the invention CN110119022a, a two-gear zoom area array scanning optical system is disclosed, which can switch the field of view and perform area array back swing imaging in two states.
Therefore, the infrared array scanning optical system reported at present is designed to be fixed-focus or two-gear zooming, and does not have the multi-gear array scanning and gaze tracking continuous zooming functions. The 360-degree circular scanning search and the gaze tracking cannot continuously change the resolution of the target, and the functions of large-view-field search and small-view-field continuous tracking cannot be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems, the invention provides an infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system. The purpose of the invention is that: the infrared continuous zooming planar array scanning optical system can realize multi-gear zooming planar array scanning, continuous zooming gaze tracking, 6 times of maximum optical zooming multiplying power, less than 0.5% of distortion in zooming process, working temperature compensation at minus 30 ℃ to plus 60 ℃ and focusing of imaging at different distances through the movement of a zooming group and a compensation group.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: firstly, correcting off-axis aberration caused by the back swing of a scanning galvanometer in a multi-gear focal length state, so as to ensure that the scanning galvanometer can clearly image in the whole scanning process; and secondly, in a multi-gear focal length state, distortion caused by the back swing of the vibrating mirror is reduced, registration of the image in the whole view field range is ensured in the back swing process, and the image is kept stable. And thirdly, providing a solution, and simultaneously realizing ultra-low distortion multi-gear zoom area array scanning, gaze tracking with 6 times of maximum magnification continuous zooming, working temperature compensation at minus 30 ℃ to plus 60 ℃ and focusing of imaging at different distances. And fourthly, introducing a vibrating mirror by adopting an intermediate light path to perform reverse scanning compensation platform movement, so as to solve the light path design problem of small-size vibrating mirror scanning of the intermediate light path.
The system adopts a refrigeration type infrared detector to realize better detection performance. To suppress background radiation, the optical system aperture stop is 100% matched to the detector cold stop. At the same time, in order to reduce the volume of the optical system, the aperture of the first lens is reduced, so that the entrance pupil is designed onto the front end face of the first lens. Further to reduce the size of the galvanometer, the exit pupil of the telescopic system is therefore designed to the galvanometer position.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is shown in fig. 1, and the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the optical system for infrared imaging sequentially comprises a front fixed group 1, a compensation group 2, a zoom group 3, a rear fixed group 4, a scanning galvanometer 5, a secondary convergence group 6, a turning reflector 7, a tertiary imaging group 8, an optical window 9, an aperture diaphragm 10 and an image surface 11 from the object side to the image side. The imaging light beam from the object space sequentially passes through the front fixed group 1, the compensation group 2, the zoom group 3 and the rear fixed group 4, then turns into parallel light beam, passes through the scanning galvanometer 5, passes through the secondary convergence group 6, the turning reflector 7, the tertiary imaging group 8, the optical window 9 and the aperture diaphragm 10, and then forms an image on an image plane.
The working wave band of the system is 3-5 mu m; short focal length f 1 Length Jiao Jiaoju is f 2 The system has the following zoom ratio: Γ=f 2 /f 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The range of the zoom ratio of the system is 1<Γ is less than or equal to 6; the F-number range of the infrared system is: f/# is more than or equal to 4.0 and less than or equal to 5.5;
the zoom group 3 moves towards the object, so that the focal length is shortened; the zoom group 3 moves toward the image side, and the focal length becomes long. In the moving process of the zoom group 3, the compensation group 2 correspondingly moves to compensate the image plane movement in the zooming process, so that continuous zooming is realized.
The compensation group 2 moves along the optical axis direction, and has functions of zooming image plane drift, image plane drift at different working temperatures and image plane drift compensation at different object distances. The continuous zooming can be realized, the working temperature is in the range of minus 30 ℃ to plus 60 ℃, the imaging object distance is in the range of 10 meters to infinity, and the like, the image quality is good, and the focal plane position is unchanged.
The front fixed group 1, the compensation group 2, the zoom group 3 and the rear fixed group 4 form a telescopic system, light rays from infinity are changed into parallel light to be emitted after passing through the front four groups, and the exit pupil of the light rays is positioned at the position of the scanning galvanometer 5. The entrance pupil position of the optical system in the longest focal state is located at the front surface of the front fixed first lens 1-1. The aperture diaphragm 10 is coincident with the position of an cold diaphragm in the infrared detector matched with the system, and the apertures are the same. The angle between the turning mirror 7 and the light path is 45 degrees, and the light path is turned by 90 degrees.
The scanning galvanometer 5 is positioned in a parallel light path; has two working states: a locking state and a scanning state; when the scanning galvanometer 5 is in a locking state, the scanning galvanometer is placed 45 degrees with the optical axis of the telescope, and the optical path is turned by 90 degrees. The scanning galvanometer 5 is in a back and forth retrace state, and the image is clear. The optical system can be applied to the scanning mode in the state of multi-stage focal length. Alpha is the effective back swing scanning half angle of the scanning galvanometer 5, and beta is the magnification of a telescopic system formed by a front fixed group 1, a compensation group 2, a zoom group 3 and a rear fixed group 4 in a short focal state; the circumferential scanning rotating speed of the optical system is omega, and the integration time of the area array detector is tau; when the infrared optical system performs image motion compensation of area array circumferential scanning, the vibration mirror compensation angle alpha should satisfy:
the front fixing group 1 consists of a front fixing first lens 1-1 and a front fixing second lens 1-2. The front fixed first lens 1-1 is a meniscus type silicon lens with positive power bent toward the image side. The front fixed second lenses 1-2 are all meniscus-shaped aspheric germanium lenses with negative focal power bent towards the image side.
The compensation group 2 is a meniscus-shaped aspheric germanium lens with negative focal power bent towards the image space.
The zoom group 3 is an aspheric zinc selenide lens with biconvex positive focal power.
The rear fixing group 4 consists of a rear fixing first lens 4-1 and a rear fixing second lens 4-2; the rear fixed first lens 4-1 is a meniscus spherical germanium lens with negative focal power bent to the object, and the rear fixed second lens 4-2 is a meniscus aspherical germanium lens with positive focal power bent to the object.
The secondary convergence group 6 consists of a secondary convergence first lens 6-1 and a secondary convergence second lens 6-2; the second converging first lens 6-1 is a spherical calcium fluoride lens with negative focal power bent towards the scanning galvanometer 5; the secondary convergence second lens 6-2 is an aspherical AMTIR1 lens with positive focal power bent to the turning reflector 7;
the third imaging group 8 consists of a third imaging first lens 8-1 and a third imaging second lens 8-2. The third imaging first lens 8-1 is a meniscus type spherical silicon lens bent to the positive power of the turning mirror 7. The third imaging second lens 8-2 is a meniscus aspherical silicon lens with positive power bent toward the image side.
The infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system has the greatest characteristics that: through the movement of the zoom group and the compensation group and the back and forth retrace of the scanning galvanometer, the multi-gear focal length area array scanning and the continuous zooming gaze tracking are realized; the accurate registration of images in the full view field range in the multi-gear focal length state scanning process is ensured, and the definition and stability of imaging are ensured. The distance of the compensation group is finely adjusted back and forth, and meanwhile, the working temperature compensation of minus 30 ℃ to plus 60 ℃ and the focusing of imaging at different distances are realized. The optical system has the advantages of searching, tracking, continuous zooming, wide working temperature range and clear imaging distance range. The method is mainly applied to an infrared searching and tracking integrated system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 60mm optical layout of an infrared continuous zoom area array scanning short focal length; wherein 1 is a front fixed group, 2 is a compensation group, 3 is a zoom group, 4 is a rear fixed group, 5 is a scanning galvanometer, 6 is a secondary convergence group, 7 is a turning reflector, 8 is a tertiary imaging group, 9 is an optical window, 10 is an aperture diaphragm, and 11 is an image plane;
FIG. 2 is a 180mm optical layout of a mid-IR continuous zoom area array scan;
FIG. 3 is a view of an infrared continuous zoom area array scanning tele 360mm optical layout;
FIG. 4 is a plot of a short focal length 60mm optical modulation transfer function;
FIG. 5 is a plot of the optical modulation transfer function for a short focal 60mm galvanometer included angle of 44.35;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a short focal 60mm galvanometer included angle of 45.65;
FIG. 7 is a plot of short focal 60mm optical distortion;
FIG. 8 is a plot of a mid-focus 180mm optical modulation transfer function;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a mid-focus 180mm galvanometer included angle of 44.35;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a 180mm galvanometer included angle of 45.65℃in the center;
FIG. 11 is a plot of mid-focus 180mm optical distortion;
FIG. 12 is a plot of a tele 360mm optical modulation transfer function;
FIG. 13 is a plot of the optical modulation transfer function of a 360mm galvanometer included angle of 44.35;
FIG. 14 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a 360mm galvanometer angle of 45.65;
fig. 15 is a plot of the 360mm optical distortion of the tele.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to examples, figures:
according to the invention, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system sequentially comprises a front fixed group 1, a compensation group 2, a zoom group 3, a rear fixed group 4, a scanning galvanometer 5, a secondary convergence group 6, a turning mirror 7, a tertiary imaging group 8, an optical window 9 and an aperture diaphragm 10 from the object side to the image side.
An infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system with a focal length variation range of 60mm to 360mm is used as an example for the following description. The optical system is a six-time continuous zoom area array scanning optical system, and the working wave band is 3.0-5.0 mu m; the F number of the infrared system is F/4; the infrared two-gear zoom area array scanning optical system is matched with a cold infrared detector, and the detector array is 640 multiplied by 512; the pixel size is 15 μm;
the short focal length of the focal length system is f 1 =60 mm long Jiao Jiaoju is f 2 =360 mm, the system's scaling ratio is: Γ=f 2 /f 1 =6; the corresponding optical field coverage ranges from 1.53 ° x 1.22 ° to 9.15 ° x 7.33 °, and the F-number is constant at 4 throughout the zoom range. The optical system adopts a refractive and diffractive mixed transmission type three-time imaging structure form, and has 100% cold light stop efficiency. Fig. 1, 2 and 3 are schematic views of the lens at positions of 60mm in a large field of view, 180mm in a middle field of view and 360mm in a small field of view respectively.
At the position of 60mm of short focal length, the center interval of the back surface of the compensation group 2 relative to the front fixed second lens 1-2 is 5.14mm; the center distance of the front surface of the fixed first lens 4-1 of the zoom group 3 relative to the rear is 58.58mm; the center interval between the back surface of the compensation group 2 and the front surface of the variable-magnification group is 57.25mm;
at the position of 180mm of the middle focus, the center interval of the back surface of the compensation group 2 relative to the front fixed second lens 1-2 is 23.67mm; the center distance of the front surface of the fixed first lens 4-1 relative to the rear of the zoom group 3 is 36.75mm; the center interval between the rear surface of the compensation group 2 and the front surface of the variable-magnification group is 60.55mm;
at the position of 360mm of the long focal length, the center interval of the back surface of the compensation group 2 relative to the front fixed second lens 1-2 is 5.88mm; the center distance of the front surface of the fixed first lens 4-1 relative to the rear of the zoom group 3 is 15.19mm; the center interval between the back surface of the compensation group 2 and the front surface of the variable-magnification group is 99.9mm;
the optical system can perform area array scanning operation in a three-gear focal length state. When the focal length is 360mm, the searching speed of the platform is 60 degrees/s; when the focal length is 180 mm; the searching speed of the adaptive platform is 120 degrees/s; at a focal length of 60mm, the speed of the adaptive stage search is 360/s.
Furthermore, in order to correct chromatic aberration and large-field aberration, the invention adopts an aspheric surface or an aspheric surface plus diffraction surface mode on part of the lens surface so as to improve image quality and reduce the number of lenses and the volume of the lens.
Further, in order to correct aberrations of the system in a plurality of states, the system adds a diffraction surface in the rear fixed second lens 4-2, which can effectively eliminate chromatic aberration and offset residual aberrations of the front lens group.
Further, in order to improve the energy utilization efficiency, the invention is coated with high-quality anti-reflection films on the front and rear surfaces of all lenses so as to improve the response sensitivity and the detection distance of the system.
The remarkable effect of the infrared continuous zooming area array scanning optical system is shown in the attached drawing, wherein in the attached drawing, FIG. 4 is a short-focus 60mm optical modulation transfer function diagram; FIG. 5 is a plot of the optical modulation transfer function for a short focal 60mm galvanometer included angle of 44.35; FIG. 6 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a short focal 60mm galvanometer included angle of 45.65; FIG. 7 is a plot of short focal 60mm optical distortion; FIG. 8 is a plot of a mid-focus 180mm optical modulation transfer function; FIG. 10 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a 180mm galvanometer included angle of 45.65℃in the center; FIG. 11 is a plot of mid-focus 180mm optical distortion; FIG. 12 is a plot of a tele 360mm optical modulation transfer function; FIG. 13 is a plot of the optical modulation transfer function of a 360mm galvanometer included angle of 44.35; FIG. 14 is a graph of the optical modulation transfer function of a 360mm galvanometer angle of 45.65; FIG. 15 is a plot of the 360mm optical distortion of the tele;
the technical features of the present invention that are not described may be implemented by the prior art, and are not described herein. The foregoing description is only an example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the foregoing examples, but rather, it should be understood that the present invention is capable of modification, variation, addition or substitution by those skilled in the art, such as corresponding substitution of lens materials or increase or decrease of the number of lenses in the same lens set, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system, includes preceding fixed group (1), compensation group (2), zoom group (3), back fixed group (4), scans galvanometer (5), secondary convergence group (6), turn speculum (7), cubic imaging group (8), optical window (9), aperture diaphragm (10), image plane (11), its characterized in that:
the front fixing group (1) consists of a front fixing first lens (1-1) and a front fixing second lens (1-2); the front fixed first lens (1-1) is a meniscus silicon lens with positive focal power bent towards the image space; the front fixed second lenses (1-2) are all meniscus-shaped aspheric germanium lenses with negative focal power bent towards the image space;
the compensation group (2) is a meniscus-shaped aspheric germanium lens with negative focal power bent towards an image space;
the zoom group (3) is an aspheric zinc selenide lens with biconvex positive focal power;
the rear fixing group (4) consists of a rear fixing first lens (4-1) and a rear fixing second lens (4-2); the rear fixed first lens (4-1) is a meniscus spherical germanium lens with negative focal power bent to the object space, and the rear fixed second lens (4-2) is a meniscus aspheric diffraction germanium lens with positive focal power bent to the object space;
the secondary convergence group (6) consists of a secondary convergence first lens (6-1) and a secondary convergence second lens (6-2); the second converging first lens (6-1) is a negative focal power spherical calcium fluoride lens bent to the scanning galvanometer (5); the secondary convergence second lens (6-2) is an aspherical AMTIR1 lens with positive focal power bent to the turning reflector (7);
the third imaging group (8) consists of a third imaging first lens (8-1) and a third imaging second lens (8-2); the third imaging first lens (8-1) is a meniscus spherical silicon lens with positive focal power bent to the turning reflector (7); the third imaging second lens (8-2) is a meniscus-shaped aspheric silicon lens with positive focal power bent towards the image space;
imaging light beams from an object side sequentially pass through a front fixed group (1), a compensation group (2), a zoom group (3) and a rear fixed group (4) and then become parallel light beams, pass through a scanning galvanometer (5) for turning, pass through a secondary convergence group (6), a turning reflector (7), a tertiary imaging group (8), an optical window (9) and an aperture diaphragm (10) and then form images on an image plane; the zoom ratio Γ of the optical system: 1< Γ < 6; f number of optical system: f is more than or equal to 4.0 and less than or equal to 5.5;
the zoom group (3) moves towards the object, so that the focal length is shortened; the zoom group (3) moves towards the image space, and the focal length becomes long; in the moving process of the zoom group (3), the compensation group (2) correspondingly moves to compensate the image plane movement in the zooming process, so as to realize continuous zooming;
the compensation group (2) moves along the optical axis direction, and has functions of zooming image plane drift, image plane drift at different working temperatures and imaging image plane drift compensation at different object distances;
the front fixed group (1), the compensation group (2), the zoom group (3) and the rear fixed group (4) form a telescopic system, light rays from infinity are changed into parallel light to be emitted after passing through the front four groups, and the exit pupil of the light rays is positioned at the position of the scanning galvanometer (5); the entrance pupil position of the optical system in the longest focal state is positioned on the front surface of the front fixed first lens (1-1); the aperture diaphragm (10) is coincident with the position of an inter-cooling diaphragm in the infrared detector matched with the system, and the apertures are the same; the included angle between the turning mirror (7) and the light path is 45 degrees, and the light path is turned by 90 degrees.
2. An image motion compensation method based on the infrared continuous zoom area array scanning optical system as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the optical system has two working modes, when the scanning galvanometer (5) is in a locking state, the scanning galvanometer is placed 45 degrees with the optical axis of the telescope, the optical path is turned by 90 degrees, the system works in a gaze tracking mode, the maximum zoom multiplying power can reach 6 times, and the distortion in the zooming process is less than 0.5%; when the scanning galvanometer (5) is in a back and forth retrace state, the optical system works in an area array circumferential scanning searching mode, the system can zoom among multiple focal lengths, no defocusing is generated in the scanning process, and the imaging is clear; the optical system can be applied to a scanning mode in a multi-gear focal length state; alpha is an effective backswing scanning angle of the scanning galvanometer (5), and beta is the magnification of a telescopic system formed by a front fixed group (1), a compensation group (2), a zoom group (3) and a rear fixed group (4) in a short-focus state; the circumferential scanning rotating speed of the optical system is omega, and the integration time of the area array detector is tau; when the infrared optical system performs image motion compensation of area array circumferential scanning, the vibration mirror compensation angle alpha should satisfy:
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| CN111897114B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-07-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Continuous zooming optical system with rapid image motion compensation capability |
| CN112114425B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-06-07 | 福建福光股份有限公司 | Scanning type medium wave infrared optical system |
| CN112526506B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Target searching and tracking method and target tracking device |
| CN112305734B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2024-01-26 | 湖北久之洋红外系统股份有限公司 | Large target surface medium wave refrigerating infrared continuous zooming optical system with two-dimensional oscillating mirror |
| CN113703140B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-07-25 | 西安中科立德红外科技有限公司 | Large-area-array compact medium-wave infrared peripheral scanning optical device and system |
| CN114609778B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-10-27 | 苏州菲镭泰克激光技术有限公司 | Optimization method and optical path structure of dynamic focusing scanning galvanometer system |
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