CN107121760A - A kind of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration - Google Patents
A kind of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121760A CN107121760A CN201710535924.5A CN201710535924A CN107121760A CN 107121760 A CN107121760 A CN 107121760A CN 201710535924 A CN201710535924 A CN 201710535924A CN 107121760 A CN107121760 A CN 107121760A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (fluoren-9-ylideneamino) n-naphthalen-1-ylcarbamate Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C1=NOC(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PFNQVRZLDWYSCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003331 infrared imaging Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 241000287181 Sturnus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- XRZCZVQJHOCRCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Pt] Chemical compound [Si].[Pt] XRZCZVQJHOCRCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
- G02B13/0045—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having five or more lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/0065—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/008—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras designed for infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of broadband refrigeration infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens, comprising Mirrors with second order surface and lens group, and the Mirrors with second order surface and lens group share same optical axis, and lens group is in the below or above of Mirrors with second order surface；The lens group is made up of first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope, wherein first refractive mirror is to wait thick lens, second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror are thick lens, and fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope are to include aspherical lens；Light transmission channel is formed between Mirrors with second order surface, first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope.The camera lens can meet the aberration abatement in the case of diaphragm is rearmounted on the premise of big visual field is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to infrared optics technical field, and in particular to a kind of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration.
Background technology
The Catadioptric omnidirectional imaging system being made up of curved reflector and refractive optical lenses is a kind of using only single face
Array detector is that big view field imaging system can be achieved.Similar has using fish-eye fisheye camera, but flake mirror
The visual field of head is typically difficult that and bending of the fish eye lens to big field rays occurs mainly in the first face lens more than 180 °
Place, can bring serious dispersion.By contrast, the light bending of Catadioptric omnidirectional imaging system occurs mainly in first curved surface
On speculum, the generation of dispersion so can be effectively reduced, enables the system to realize bigger visual field with simple structure, in the nearest more than ten years
It is widely used to the fields such as robot navigation, streetscape shooting, video monitoring, computer vision.
Compared to visible light wave range, the research of the Catadioptric omnidirectional imaging system of infrared band was started late, from 2005
The ViperView refractive and reflective panoramas infrared thermoviewer of Applied Science Innovations companies just starts to have been reported that.Mesh
Preceding refractive and reflective panorama infrared imaging system is mainly used in panoramic imagery Detection And Tracking, periphery Situation Awareness etc..It is current local
Threat source category variation in war, and from different direction and position, such as ground firearms/rocket projectile, air defence missile,
Guided missile of aerial someone or unmanned flight's platform etc..Refractive and reflective panorama infrared imaging system does not need moving sweep mechanism, only made
With single face battle array focus planar detector be can be achieved 360 ° of horizontal field of view, big vertical field of view imaging, in time in real time,
Spatially seamlessly detect, search for and analyze the target in full-view visual field, for the higher and higher modern war of the level of informatization
It is particularly important.IT-based warfare requires that optimal in structure possesses wide area situation information acquisition capability, and each optimal in structure conduct
Information node, forms the information network that overall merit threatens source information and situation of battlefield together with other optimal in structures.Structure letter
Single, cost is low, miniaturization advantage makes refractive and reflective panorama infrared imaging system be suitable for different optimal in structures, therefore no matter
From the angle of wide area real-time detection, or from the angle of IT-based warfare, refractive and reflective panorama infrared imaging system is respectively provided with very big
Application value.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of broadband refrigeration infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens, and the camera lens is ensureing to regard greatly
On the premise of, the aberration abatement in the case of diaphragm is rearmounted can be met.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration, it is described secondary comprising Mirrors with second order surface and lens group
Curved reflector and lens group share same optical axis, and lens group is in the below or above of Mirrors with second order surface；It is described
Microscope group is made up of first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope, wherein the first folding
Mirror is penetrated to wait thick lens, the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror are thick lens, and fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope are comprising non-
The lens of sphere；
In Mirrors with second order surface, first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th folding
Penetrate formation light transmission channel between mirror.
Further, the material of first refractive mirror of the present invention, the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror is zinc selenide
Or magnesium fluoride (MgF (ZnSe)2)。
Further, the plane of incidence of fourth reflect mirror of the present invention is aspherical, exit facet is sphere, the 5th folding
The plane of incidence for penetrating mirror is sphere, and exit facet is aspherical.
A kind of imaging method of the infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration, is substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern, i.e.,
When service band is 1 μm~3 μm, focusing plane is optimized towards detector direction movement using lens group entirety.
Beneficial effect：
First, the present invention devises infrared refrigeration mode refractive and reflective panorama camera lens, and the advantage of refrigeration mode system is to obtain more
Good image quality, but need the aperture diaphragm of whole system being placed in Leng Pingchu, that is, aperture diaphragm is located at whole system
The rear of system, but the aberration for increasing refractive and reflective panorama camera lens is largely optimized difficulty by this, is closed the invention provides one kind
Suitable structure come realize this diaphragm it is rearmounted in the case of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens aberration abatement.
Second, refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of the invention and the difference of existing mirror-lens system (being basically used for telescope design)
Allosome is present：The projection feature of the latter meets perspective projection model as conventional optical system, and visual field is small, and scene is all
By Systems Projection in detector center；And the refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of the present invention is a kind of imaging of annular projection, by by system
It is vertical to place, the scenery of peripheral circular scene is projected on a ring belt of detector, advantage the characteristics of with big visual field.
3rd, the difference of refractive and reflective panorama camera lens and existing panorama system of the invention is embodied in：The latter is generally by more
Individual regular camera is around composition, or is collected by a reflection cavity and assemble the light that different scenery are sent under big visual field, structure
It is complex；And the refractive and reflective panorama camera lens in the present invention realizes week by the combination of single curved reflector and refractor group
Depending on the staring imaging under big visual field, with the advantage that bigger visual field is realized with simple structure.
4th, the infrared panorama camera lens F numbers that the present invention is designed are small, are easy to build highly sensitive infrared panorama imaging system
System.
Brief description of the drawings
The infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration of Fig. 1 present invention；
The panoramic picture that Fig. 2 present invention is obtained；
Lens group micro-shifting method during Fig. 3 substantial radiation source orientation measurements；
The index path of Fig. 4 medium-wave infrareds imaging；
MTF when Fig. 5 medium-wave infrareds are imaged；
Distortion and the curvature of field when Fig. 6 medium-wave infrareds are imaged；
Disc of confusion when Fig. 7 medium-wave infrareds are imaged；
The index path of Fig. 8 substantial radiation source orientation measurement patterns；
The MTF of Fig. 9 substantial radiation source orientation measurements；
The distortion of Figure 10 substantial radiation source orientation measurements and the curvature of field；
The disc of confusion of Figure 11 substantial radiation source orientation measurements.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
There are three disasters in the design of the infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of current broadband (service band is at 1 μm~5 μm) refrigeration
Point, first refrigerated infrared detector have cold stop structure, in order to give full play to the benefit of cold stop, it is necessary to using the cold stop as
The aperture diaphragm of full shot, such aperture diaphragm is just necessarily located at the rear portion of whole camera lens, when this is with general optical design
Element is symmetrical before and after the camera lens of pursuit runs counter to, so can increase the difficulty of aberration optimization.Secondly big field of view axis outer light beam is saturating
Projection in microscope group is high and incidence angle is larger, causes the aberrations such as coma, the curvature of field, distortion, chromatic longitudiinal aberration all very big, to correct these
Aberration is, it is necessary to the complicated optical system of design structure.Furthermore, design needs wanting for 1 μm~5 μm ultra-wide service band scopes of satisfaction
Ask, general visible luminescent material can rapid decrease, and the conventional height such as germanium single crystal, silicon single crystal in the transmitance of medium-wave infrared wave band
Infra-red material is reflected then in the transmitance rapid decrease of short infrared wave band, so being all unsatisfactory for 1 μm~5 μm broadbands of the design
The need for.
The infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens as shown in figure 1, a kind of broadband of the invention is freezed, comprising Mirrors with second order surface and
Lens group, the Mirrors with second order surface and lens group share same optical axis, and lens group is under Mirrors with second order surface
Side or top；The lens group is by first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope
Constitute, wherein first refractive mirror is waits thick lens, and the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror are thick lens, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th
Refracting telescope is to include aspherical lens；In Mirrors with second order surface, first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror,
Light transmission channel is formed between four refracting telescopes and the 5th refracting telescope.
The present invention obtain infrared panorama image process be：360 ° of horizontal field of view, infrared spokes of broadband of big vertical field of view
Penetrate after being reflected through Mirrors with second order surface, sequentially enter the refracting telescope 2 to 6 in Fig. 1, be consequently focused on refrigerating infrared focal plane spy
Survey on device, the image of circle is formed on detector inscribed circle, as shown in Figure 2.
The infra-red radiation of 360 ° of horizontal field of view, big vertical field of view is reflexed to second by the present invention using Mirrors with second order surface
In refracting telescope, its advantage is not produce aberration, including axial chromatic aberration and chromatic difference of magnification while direction of beam propagation is changed,
But the problem of bringing is that pincushion distortion is very big.Second refracting telescope of the invention is adopted as one and waits thick lens, partly compensates secondary song
Pincushion distortion caused by the speculum of face.Meanwhile, to play the benefit of refrigerated infrared focal plane probe component cold stop, by cold stop
As the aperture diaphragm of infrared panorama camera lens, such aperture diaphragm is secured to the rear portion of whole camera lens, therefore, devises a piece of
Thick lens (the second refracting telescope) will be moved after the principal plane of camera lens.Third reflect mirror of the present invention is also a piece of thick lens, and its effect is
Produce the positive curvature of field, the negative curvature of field that the second refracting telescope of compensation (i.e. the 1st thick lens) is produced.Fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope are
The lens of a non-spherical surface are included respectively, Sagittal field curvature, meridianal curvature of field, distortion and coma for compensating remnants.
The freeze performance and function of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband that the present invention is provided be：Service band 1 μm~5
μm, 360 ° of horizontal field of view possesses medium-wave infrared imaging (3 μm~5 μm) and two kinds of works of substantial radiation source orientation measurement (1 μm~3 μm)
Operation mode, vertical field of view when medium-wave infrared is imaged is -3 °~+40 °, image quality evaluation using MTF as standard, the MTF in 20lp/mm
Not less than 60%.Vertical field of view during substantial radiation source orientation measurement is -11.5 °~+40 °, highest level angular resolution and highest
Vertical angular resolution is no more than 7mrad/pixel.Substantial radiation source orientation measurement precision is whole by diminution iris diaphgram and lens group
Body is realized to detector direction micro-shifting.Iris diaphgram is arranged on lens group and refrigerated infrared focal plane probe sapphire window
Between, there is standard-sized sheet and reduce binary states, be standard-sized sheet state under medium-wave infrared imaging pattern, do not play a role.In substantial radiation source direction
To reduce state under measurement pattern, clear aperture size is 2mm during the state, is now equivalent to raising system F/#, effectively reduces not
With the convergence disc of confusion size of visual field incident beam.Further to reduce disc of confusion size, in substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern
It is lower that focusing plane is integrally optimized towards detector direction movement using lens group simultaneously, as shown in figure 3, and this movement can protect
The entire length for demonstrate,proving optical system is constant, does not also produce influence to Mirrors with second order surface and infrared detector module, is easy to skill
Art is realized.
The infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of broadband refrigeration of the present invention can set up 360 ° of horizontal field of view, the width of big vertical field of view
Wave band (1 μm~5 μm) stares infrared panorama imaging and substantial radiation source orientation measurement system, with visual field is big, aberration is small, response ripple
The low advantage of Duan Kuan, transmitance height, volume compact, cost.
The material of first refractive mirror of the present invention, the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror, as shown in figure 1, lens material
Select processing technology good, in 1 μm~5 μm transmitances higher zinc selenide (ZnSe) and magnesium fluoride (MgF2)。
Embodiment 1
For pixel scale 512 × 512,30 μm of pixel centre-to-centre spacing, 1 μm~5 μm of service band, cryogenic temperature 77K platinum
Silicon infrared focal plane detector, design F# is 1.4, equivalent focal length 6mm, the catadioptric infrared panorama mirror of 1 μm~5 μm of service band
Head, and possess medium-wave infrared imaging (3 μm~5 μm) and two kinds of mode of operations of substantial radiation source orientation measurement (1 μm~3 μm), specifically
Performance parameter is：
(1) equivalent focal length：6mm
(2) substantial radiation source orientation measurement wavelength band：1 μm~3 μm
(3) medium-wave infrared imaging band scope：3 μm~5 μm
(4) horizontal field of view：360°
(5) vertical field of view during substantial radiation source orientation measurement：- 11.5 °~+40 °
(6) the highest level angular resolution of substantial radiation source orientation measurement：<6mrad/pixel
(7) the vertical angular resolution of the highest of substantial radiation source orientation measurement：<7mrad/pixel
(8) vertical field of view when medium-wave infrared is imaged：- 3 °~+40 °
(9) medium-wave infrared imaging MTF:>60%@20lp/mm
(10) optical system mean transmissivity：75%
Designed optical element surface parameter is as shown in table 1.
The optical element surface parameter of the infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens of the broadband of the present invention of table 1 refrigeration
The third-order aberration on designed each surface of optical element is shown in Table 2 in table 1.
The third-order aberration on each surface of optical element in the embodiment 1 of table 2
Index path, MTF, distortion and the curvature of field, disc of confusion during medium-wave infrared imaging pattern are respectively such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and figure
Shown in 7.
Index path, MTF, distortion and the curvature of field, disc of confusion during substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern are respectively such as Fig. 8, Fig. 9, figure
Shown in 10 and Figure 11.
The computational methods that substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern enters vertical angular resolution and horizontal angular resolution are：
Vertical angular resolution and horizontal angle of the present embodiment under different vertical visual field under substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern
Resolving power is as shown in table 3.
Vertical angular resolution and horizontal angular resolution under the different vertical visual field of table 3
The present invention can realize the two kinds of applications of infrared imaging and substantial radiation source orientation measurement.
In summary, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (4)
- The infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens 1. a kind of broadband is freezed, it is characterised in that comprising Mirrors with second order surface and lens group, The Mirrors with second order surface and lens group share same optical axis, and lens group be in the lower section of Mirrors with second order surface or on Side；The lens group is made up of first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope, its Middle first refractive mirror is waits thick lens, and the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror are thick lens, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope To include aspherical lens；In Mirrors with second order surface, first refractive mirror, the second refracting telescope, third reflect mirror, fourth reflect mirror and the 5th refracting telescope Between formed light transmission channel.
- 2. broadband is freezed infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first refractive The material of mirror, the second refracting telescope and third reflect mirror is zinc selenide and/or magnesium fluoride.
- 3. broadband is freezed infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fourth reflect mirror The plane of incidence be aspherical, exit facet is sphere, the plane of incidence of the 5th refracting telescope is sphere, and exit facet is aspherical.
- The imaging method of infrared refractive and reflective panorama camera lens 4. a kind of broadband is freezed, is substantial radiation source orientation measurement pattern, i.e. work Make wave band for 1 μm~3 μm when, towards detector direction movement optimize focusing plane using lens group is overall.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN108519653A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-11 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | A kind of infrared light focusing device based on annular mirror |
| CN113311573A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-08-27 | 上海大学 | Comprises an aspheric catadioptric panoramic imaging optical system |
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| CN108519653A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-11 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | A kind of infrared light focusing device based on annular mirror |
| CN113311573A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-08-27 | 上海大学 | Comprises an aspheric catadioptric panoramic imaging optical system |
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Application publication date: 20170901 |