CN110741845B - Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof - Google Patents
Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110741845B CN110741845B CN201911077151.6A CN201911077151A CN110741845B CN 110741845 B CN110741845 B CN 110741845B CN 201911077151 A CN201911077151 A CN 201911077151A CN 110741845 B CN110741845 B CN 110741845B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/125—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of vegetable material, e.g. wood, reeds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological nail which comprises a nail body made of degradable materials, wherein plant seeds are arranged in the nail body, and the biological nail is characterized in that a containing cavity is arranged in the nail body, the plant seeds are filled in the containing cavity, nutrient medium is filled in the containing cavity, the containing cavity is upwards communicated with the outside of the top end of the nail body to form a germination hole for the plant seeds to germinate and break out, and the nail body on the peripheral side of the containing cavity is provided with a slit for growing root hair of plants along the axial direction. The invention also discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method adopting the biological nail for fixation. The invention has the advantages of better realizing the fixation of the protection pad for plant greening, being more beneficial to the growth of plants and vegetation, improving the ecological repair capability of the protection pad, improving the greening protection effect of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment protection, in particular to a nail-shaped device for vegetation cultivation and a method for greening and protecting a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope.
Background
The quality of vegetation in the hydro-fluctuation belt is an important influence factor for effectively protecting the surrounding ecological environment of water areas such as reservoirs, riverways and the like and seriously affecting the water and soil loss phenomenon. Especially, the vegetation in the water reservoir ecological system is important. However, due to frequent and large fluctuation of reservoir water level and overlong inundation time caused by reservoir regulation operation, natural conditions and the like, vegetation at the edge of the reservoir is easy to damage, especially in some areas with steep slope, large water flow velocity and poor soil, the vegetation can be submerged and disappear, which means that an ecological barrier is lost in a reservoir area, a series of ecological environmental problems including aggravation of environmental pollution, eutrophication of water quality of near-shore water bodies, increase of soil erosion and water and soil loss, plant diversity and ecological system damage, induction of geological disasters, outbreak of epidemic diseases and the like can be caused, and thus the safety of reservoir water quality and the safe operation and management of the reservoir are threatened.
Chinese patent (CN108547256A) discloses a river ecological bank slope protection system, which comprises a reverse filter pad and a turf reinforced pad sequentially laid on the river bank slope, and fixed on the bank slope through a soil self-anchoring device. Comprises an anti-filtration pad and a protective pad which are sequentially laid on the bank slope of the river channel, and the protective pad and the anti-filtration pad are fixed on the bank slope by using an anchoring device.
Chinese patent (CN110042798A) discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt ecological repairing system and a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof, wherein the system structure comprises a soil curing mat laid above the hydro-fluctuation belt soil body and a plant protection mat with a three-dimensional hollow structure laid on the soil curing mat; the device also comprises an anchoring device used for fixing the soil solidification pad and the plant protection pad on the soil body of the falling belt; a plant seed layer or a plant root layer is arranged between the soil solidification pad and the plant protection pad.
The above patents all disclose the technology of adopting the mat to protect the falling zone soil and the plant seeds and then adopting the anchoring device to fix the mat. Can be used for the restoration and greening protection of the vegetation on the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope. The following drawbacks still remain: the mats used for covering and protecting soil and plant seeds are fixed by the anchoring devices, the anchoring devices can only fix the mats in a small area at the periphery, and the mats in other areas are fixed by the tension formed by the overall coverage of the mats and the pulling force transmitted by the anchoring devices. However, the hydro-fluctuation belt is seriously eroded by water flow due to the unique environment of the hydro-fluctuation belt, and meanwhile, the covered cushion needs to be capable of facilitating seeds below to break and grow out and cannot be set with too high strength, so that when vegetation is not grown, the vegetation is far away from the anchoring device, and the cushion which cannot cover the position under the anchoring effect is eroded and eroded by the water flow erosion, and the protection effect is lost. Meanwhile, the anchoring device is large in structure and high in cost, and is usually a metal component, so that the problem is difficult to solve by increasing the number of the anchoring devices.
In order to solve the above problems, the inventors considered to provide a nail-shaped member made of a degradable material containing a seed to achieve auxiliary fixation of a mat and to improve the fixation effect of the mat for plant protection. Chinese patent CN201510824757 discloses a plant nail for side slope and CN201720022790 discloses a sod fixing device for side slope greening, which both disclose patent technologies with similar conception.
However, these conventional fixing devices containing plant seeds directly mix and fix the plant seeds into the degradable hard material of the device. Therefore, the plant seeds can germinate and root better after the hard materials are degraded, so the fixing effect is limited, and the fixing method is still not suitable for fixing the protection pad for greening the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a biological nail which can better realize the fixation of a protection pad for plant greening, is more beneficial to the growth of plants and vegetation and improves the ecological repairing capability of the protection pad, and simultaneously provides a method for greening and protecting the bank slope of a hydro-fluctuation belt based on the biological nail.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a biological nail, includes the nail body that degradable material made, the internal plant seed that is provided with of nail, its characterized in that, the internal chamber that holds that is provided with of nail, plant seed loads in holding the intracavity, holds the intracavity and still packs into nutritive substrate, holds the chamber and upwards be formed with the hole that sprouts that supplies plant seed to sprout and break out with nail body top outside intercommunication, holds and sets up the root hair that supplies the plant root hair to grow out along the axial on the nail body of chamber week side and use and crack.
Like this, with the internal portion of nail set up and hold the chamber, place plant seed in and hold the intracavity and set up the germinating hole in nail body upper end. After biological nail used like this, need not to wait for the degradation, plant seed can hold the intracavity and sprout from the top and grow out in the space in the nail internal portion, and the plant has grown out in advance before the degradation of nail body like this, and the growth of its root system after the plant grows out is reacted to the nail body again simultaneously, makes it be favorable to the decomposition degradation of nail body with higher speed, then relies on plant and its root system to replace the nail body to realize fixing mat and soil. Therefore, the device is more beneficial to the growth of plants and also improves the fixing effect of the protection pad for plant greening. Meanwhile, the nutrient medium arranged in the accommodating cavity is mixed with the plant seeds, so that the plant seeds can be better helped to germinate and grow roots rapidly. In addition, the root hair arranged on the nail body on the peripheral side of the containing cavity is slotted, so that the nail body penetrates out of the gap of the slot before the nail body is not degraded after the root hair of the plant grows out, the pressure for breaking the nail body after the root system grows out is relieved, and the root system can grow out of the nail body in advance to enhance the grasping and fixing effect on soil in advance.
Further, the degradable material is degradable starch filled plastic.
Thus, the method has the advantages of easy preparation, low cost, capability of forming a nutrient source after the material is degraded so as to better supply vegetation to grow, and the like.
Further, the nail body is fixed in the week and is set up the barb body, and barb body outside tip portion extends to the back top.
Like this, can rely on the barb body to catch on soil after the nail body pierces soil downwards, avoid the nail body to be extracted under rivers wash-out, make it can keep the nail body fixed better.
Further, the transverse section of the barb body is in an inverted triangle shape with a downward tip.
Therefore, the resistance of the nail body to be driven into the soil body is reduced, the resistance of the nail body to be pulled out of the soil is improved, and the nail body is more beneficial to being smoothly driven into the soil body and is difficult to pull out.
Further, the barb body is a plurality of and evenly arranges in the annular along nail body circumference. This can improve the reinforcing effect of the barb body even more. A better choice is that the nail body is provided with a plurality of annular barb bodies along the axial direction. Further improving the reinforcing effect.
Further, the top of the nail body is provided with a nail cap which extends outwards horizontally along the circumferential direction.
In this way, the nut may be better forced downward against the mat and the soil below.
Furthermore, the diameter of the germination hole is smaller than the diameter of the horizontal section circle of the accommodating cavity, and the germination hole is positioned in the middle of the nail cap.
Therefore, the germination holes are small, so that seeds and nutrient media in the accommodating cavity can be protected from loss, and the germination and rooting can be better realized.
Furthermore, the thickness of the part of the nail cap, which is opposite to the lower accommodating cavity, is smaller than that of the rest part, and the part is provided with a germination slit which is connected to the germination hole from outside to inside.
Therefore, the thin part can protect the seeds and the nutrient medium before the seeds germinate, and the nail caps can be ejected out of the seed buds conveniently after the seeds germinate, so that the seeds germinate more conveniently.
Preferably, the diameter of the germinating hole is 2-6 mm. The method can provide better protection before the inner seeds germinate, and is favorable for bud growth after the seeds germinate. Further, the width of the slit for germination is 1-3 mm. The internal protection device can provide better protection before the internal seeds germinate, and is favorable for the buds to further break the screw caps and grow upwards after the seeds germinate.
Preferably, the width of the slit for the root hair is 1-3 mm. The method can not only prevent the seeds from falling out before germination, but also facilitate the growth of the root hairs of the seeds.
Preferably, the root hair is provided with a plurality of through holes with locally increased width at intervals in the vertical direction by the slits.
Therefore, when the root hairs of the seeds grow through the existence of the through holes, the root hairs with stronger vitality can have a space for preferential release of growth, and the root hairs grow outwards firstly through the through holes and form stress concentration positions in the local area. Meanwhile, the width of the through hole is increased to form a weak position on the slit for root hair. Therefore, when the root system grows, the effect of point belt surface can be generated by the through holes, so that the biological nail can be better broken, the growth of the root system is better accelerated to grasp the soil, and the damage degradation speed of the biological nail is better enhanced. When the method is implemented, the diameter of the through hole is only slightly larger than the opening slot, so that the effect can be achieved, and the seeds cannot leak out.
Preferably, the part of the upper surface of the nail cap, which is opposite to the nail body, is provided with a circle of bearing part which extends upwards and is in a circular ring shape.
Therefore, the force bearing part is more convenient to bear force when the biological nail is nailed, and the weak position in the middle of the nail cap is prevented from being damaged. Secondly the existence of bearing portion makes when driving into the nail body in-process, when the nail cap lower surface has contacted soil or the pad surface, can continue to push down, and then with the soil compaction of barb top position, lead to soil to loosen and influence the effect of preventing withdrawing of barb when avoiding the barb to stab. Meanwhile, the structure of the bearing part is combined with the nail cap in the bearing part to adopt the structure arrangement of the contracted germination holes, so that the plant seeds and the nutrient substrate in the nail body can be better protected, and the plant seeds and the nutrient substrate are prevented from being taken away by water flow due to the washing of water flow waves; meanwhile, the space for the seeds to grow out can be better reserved, the seeds can keep an internal wet state, and the grass seeds (plant seeds) can germinate and the leaves can grow out of the ground surface more conveniently.
Further, the nail cap and the nail body are detachably connected.
Therefore, when the soil compacting nail is used and constructed, the nail body can be firstly driven into the cushion and the soil below the cushion on site, then the plant seeds and the nutrient medium are filled into the accommodating cavity inside the nail body, then the nail cap is connected with the nail body, and then the nail cap is struck to compact the soil. So that the plant nutrient is more convenient for adding and using plant seeds and nutrient media.
Furthermore, a circle of connecting cylinder is arranged below the nail cap, and the outer diameter of the connecting cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the nail body, so that the connecting cylinder can be clamped and matched.
Like this, adopt the screw thread to connect soon relatively and can dismantle connected mode, transmit decurrent hitting power when convenient to connect the installation more and facilitate the use.
In practice, the number of the root slits and the germination slits is preferably two or three in the circumferential direction. Too low effect is not obvious, and too high affects the whole strength of the structure.
Furthermore, the diameter of the horizontal section circle of the nail body is 3-6cm, and the length is 20-50 cm. This size range is suitable for use with soil and plant protection mats. Other dimensions may be used in other situations.
The invention also discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. after the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt is leveled along the slope of the bank slope in an inclined way, the soil solidification pad is correspondingly paved on the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt; b. laying a lower layer of sponge on the soil curing mat, throwing a nutrient matrix layer on the lower layer of sponge, then throwing plant seeds on the nutrient matrix layer, and laying an upper layer of sponge above the plant seeds; c. a layer of plant protection pad is laid on the upper layer of sponge, and then the soil solidification pad, the lower layer of sponge, the upper layer of sponge and the plant protection pad are fixed on the soil body of the falling zone by utilizing the anchoring device and the biological nail with the structure; d. and (5) watering and maintaining, namely, after the plant seeds germinate and break upwards to form the surface of the plant protection mat and grow to form turf, and finishing the greening protection of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope.
Wherein, the soil solidification pad can be realized by adopting a composite geomembrane or a reverse filter pad.
Wherein, the plant protection pad can be realized by adopting a three-dimensional geonet pad or a protection pad for preventing water and soil loss of a bank slope in a patent (201810427413.6).
The anchoring device preferably adopts an arrow anchor for soil anchoring disclosed in CN109778854A, and may also adopt a self-anchoring device for stabilizing soil disclosed in CN201810286970, or other anchoring devices in the prior art.
Preferably, the adjacent plant protection pads are anchored at intervals by adopting anchoring devices at staggered positions, and the rest positions are fixed by adopting biological nails.
More preferably, the biological nails are spaced apart from each other by 0.2 m.
Therefore, the method for greening the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope has the advantage of convenient construction, after the seeds grow into vegetation, the vegetation upwards breaks out of the surface layer of the plant protection mat, and the root system of the vegetation radiates to the periphery to grow to form turf, so that the vegetation can be better combined with the plant protection mat and the soil curing mat, and the protection effect and the greening effect on the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope can be improved. Meanwhile, before the seeds grow out, the plant protection pad is fixed by the anchoring device and the biological nail together. The existence of biological nail can greatly improve fixed effect to reduce anchor's quantity, biological nail can degrade to soil after using, can not lead to metal component to leave over follow-up problems such as soil.
In conclusion, the protection pad for plant greening has the advantages that the protection pad can be better fixed for plant greening, plants and vegetation can be grown better, the ecological repairing capability of the protection pad is improved, the greening protection effect of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope is improved, and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the biological nail of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the biological nail according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 after the elimination of the seeds and nutrient medium.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the bio-nail of fig. 2 in a use state.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the bio-nail of fig. 2 after the inner plant seeds germinate and before the bio-nail is degraded after use.
Fig. 6 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of the bio-nail of fig. 2 in a use state thereof, in which regular hexagons represent anchoring means and circles represent the bio-nail.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In particular, a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1.
The utility model provides a biological nail, includes the nail body 1 that degradable material made, is provided with plant seed 2 in the nail body 1, wherein, be provided with in the nail body 1 and hold the chamber, plant seed 2 (for plant seed in this embodiment for grass seed) loads in holding the intracavity, holds the intracavity and still loads nutritive substrate 3, holds that the chamber upwards with nail body top outside intercommunication is formed with the hole 4 that sprouts that supplies plant seed to sprout out, holds and offers the root hair that supplies the plant root hair to grow out and use 5 that cracks along the axial on the nail body of chamber week side.
Like this, with the internal portion of nail set up and hold the chamber, place plant seed in and hold the intracavity and set up the germinating hole in nail body upper end. After biological nail used like this, need not to wait for the degradation, plant seed can hold the intracavity and sprout from the top and grow out in the space in the nail internal portion, and the plant has grown out in advance before the degradation of nail body like this, and the growth of its root system after the plant grows out is reacted to the nail body again simultaneously, makes it be favorable to the decomposition degradation of nail body with higher speed, then relies on plant and its root system to replace the nail body to realize fixing mat and soil. Therefore, the device is more beneficial to the growth of plants and also improves the fixing effect of the protection pad for plant greening. Meanwhile, the nutrient medium arranged in the accommodating cavity is mixed with the plant seeds, so that the plant seeds can be better helped to germinate and grow roots rapidly. In addition, the root hair arranged on the nail body on the peripheral side of the containing cavity is slotted, so that the nail body penetrates out of the gap of the slot before the nail body is not degraded after the root hair of the plant grows out, the pressure for breaking the nail body after the root system grows out is relieved, and the root system can grow out of the nail body in advance to enhance the grasping and fixing effect on soil in advance.
The bio-nail of the present embodiment is used in combination with a plant protection pad and an anchoring device. On the soil slope surface easy to erode, the plant protection pad is covered firstly, and then the anchoring device and the biological nail structure are used for anchoring. Wherein the anchoring depth of the anchoring device is 1.0-1.2m, and the anchoring depth of the biological nail structure is 0.3-0.5 m. In the initial stage, the biological nail itself performs the anchoring function. After the soil body is nailed, the grass seeds (plant seeds) in the nutrient medium germinate within 10-15 days, the leaves extend out of the ground surface, the root system extends into the surrounding soil from the vertical seams, and the peripheral slope body begins to be consolidated. After about 30-50 days, the grass seeds grow mature, the root system grows, the length is more than 15-30cm, and the plant protection pad and the surrounding soil body are effectively solidified. The degradable plastics of the biological nail are gradually decomposed after another half year, and the anchoring function is basically replaced by vegetation developed by grass seeds. After 2-4 years, the biological nail structure is completely degraded, and the herbaceous plants fix the protection pad and the side slope.
In this embodiment, the degradable material 3 is a degradable starch-filled plastic.
Thus, the method has the advantages of easy preparation, low cost, capability of forming a nutrient source after the material is degraded so as to better supply vegetation to grow, and the like.
In this embodiment, the nail body 1 is circumferentially and fixedly provided with the barb body 6, and the outer tip part of the barb body 6 extends towards the rear upper part.
Like this, can rely on the barb body to catch on soil after the nail body pierces soil downwards, avoid the nail body to be extracted under rivers wash-out, make it can keep the nail body fixed better.
In this embodiment, the lateral cross section of the barb body 6 is an inverted triangle with the tip downward.
Therefore, the resistance of the nail body to be driven into the soil body is reduced, the resistance of the nail body to be pulled out of the soil is improved, and the nail body is more beneficial to being smoothly driven into the soil body and is difficult to pull out.
In this embodiment, the barb bodies 6 are a plurality of and are evenly arranged along the nail body circumference to be annular. This can improve the reinforcing effect of the barb body even more. In the present embodiment, the nail body is provided with a plurality of annular barb bodies arranged in the axial direction. Further improving the reinforcing effect.
In the present embodiment, the top of the nail body 1 is provided with a nail head 7 which extends outwards horizontally along the circumferential direction.
In this way, the nut may be better forced downward against the mat and the soil below.
In this embodiment, the germination holes 4 are located in the middle of the nail cap 7 and have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the horizontal section circle of the accommodating cavity.
Therefore, the germination holes are small, so that seeds and nutrient media in the accommodating cavity can be protected from loss, and the germination and rooting can be better realized.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the part of the nail cap 7 facing the lower accommodating chamber is smaller than the thickness of the rest part, and the part is provided with a germination slit connected to the germination hole from the outside to the inside.
Therefore, the thin part can protect the seeds and the nutrient medium before the seeds germinate, and the nail caps can be ejected out of the seed buds conveniently after the seeds germinate, so that the seeds germinate more conveniently.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the germination holes 4 is 2-6 mm. The method can not only provide better protection before the inner seeds germinate, but also be beneficial to the growth of buds after the seeds germinate. Wherein the width of the slit for germination is 1-3 mm. The internal seed germination protection device can provide good protection before internal seeds germinate, and is beneficial to further breaking the buds to grow upwards after the seeds germinate.
In the present embodiment, the width of the slit 3 for root hairs is 1 to 3 mm. The method can not only prevent the seeds from falling out before germination, but also facilitate the growth of the root hairs of the seeds.
Wherein, the root hair slit and the germination slit are preferably two or three slits uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction. Too low effect is not obvious, and too high affects the whole strength of the structure.
Wherein, the diameter of the horizontal section circle of the nail body 1 is 3-6cm, and the length is 20-50 cm. This size range is suitable for use with soil protection mats and plant protection mats. Other dimensions may be used in other situations.
The second embodiment of the biological nail of the invention is shown in figures 2-3. the biological nail in the embodiment is added with the following structure on the basis of the structure of the first embodiment:
the root hair is provided with a plurality of through holes 8 with locally enlarged width at intervals in the vertical direction by the slit 5.
Therefore, when the root hairs of the seeds grow through the existence of the through holes, the root hairs with stronger vitality can have a space for preferential release of growth, and the root hairs grow outwards firstly through the through holes and form stress concentration positions in the local area. Meanwhile, the width of the through hole is increased to form a weak position on the slit for root hair. Therefore, when the root system grows, the effect of point belt surface can be generated by the through holes, so that the biological nail can be better broken, the growth of the root system is better accelerated to grasp the soil, and the damage degradation speed of the biological nail is better enhanced. When the method is implemented, the diameter of the through hole is only slightly larger than the opening slot, so that the effect can be achieved, and the seeds cannot leak out.
In the embodiment, the part of the upper surface of the nail cap 7, which faces the nail body, is provided with a circle of annular bearing part 9 which extends upwards.
Therefore, the force bearing part is more convenient to bear force when the biological nail is nailed, and the weak position in the middle of the nail cap is prevented from being damaged. Secondly the existence of bearing portion makes when driving into the nail body in-process, when the nail cap lower surface has contacted soil or the pad surface, can continue to push down, and then with the soil compaction of barb top position, lead to soil to loosen and influence the effect of preventing withdrawing of barb when avoiding the barb to stab. Meanwhile, the structure of the bearing part is combined with the nail cap in the bearing part and adopts the structure arrangement of the contracted germination holes, so that the plant seeds and the nutrient medium in the nail body can be better protected, and the plant seeds and the nutrient medium are prevented from being taken away by water flow due to the washing of water flow waves; meanwhile, the space for the seeds to grow out can be better reserved, the seeds can keep an internal wet state, and the grass seeds (plant seeds) can germinate and the leaves can grow out of the ground surface more conveniently.
In the embodiment, the nail cap 7 and the nail body 1 are detachably connected.
Therefore, when the soil compacting nail is used and constructed, the nail body can be firstly driven into the cushion and the soil below the cushion on site, then the plant seeds and the nutrient substrate are filled into the accommodating cavity inside the nail body, then the nail cap is connected with the nail body, and then the nail cap is struck to compact the soil. So that the plant nutrient is more convenient for adding and using plant seeds and nutrient media.
In the embodiment, a circle of connecting cylinder 10 is arranged below the nail cap 7, and the outer diameter of the connecting cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the upper end of the nail body, so that the connecting cylinder can be clamped and matched to realize detachment.
Like this, adopt the screw thread to connect soon relatively and can dismantle connected mode, transmit decurrent hitting power when convenient to connect the installation more and facilitate the use.
The invention also discloses a hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method, which is shown in the figures 4-6. The method comprises the following steps:
a. after the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt is leveled along the slope of the bank slope in an inclined way, the soil solidification pad is correspondingly paved on the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt; b. laying a lower layer of sponge on the soil curing mat, throwing a nutrient matrix layer on the lower layer of sponge, then throwing plant seeds on the nutrient matrix layer, and laying an upper layer of sponge above the plant seeds; c. a layer of plant protection pad is laid on the upper layer of sponge, and then the soil solidification pad, the lower layer of sponge, the upper layer of sponge and the plant protection pad are fixed on the soil body of the falling zone by utilizing the anchoring device and the biological nail with the structure; d. and (5) watering and maintaining, namely, after the plant seeds germinate and break upwards to form the surface of the plant protection mat and grow to form turf, and finishing the greening protection of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope.
Wherein, the soil solidification pad can be realized by adopting a composite geomembrane or a reverse filter pad.
Wherein, the plant protection pad can be realized by adopting a three-dimensional geonet pad or a protection pad for preventing water and soil loss of a bank slope in a patent (201810427413.6).
The anchoring device preferably adopts an arrow anchor for soil anchoring disclosed in CN109778854A, and may also adopt a self-anchoring device for stabilizing soil disclosed in CN201810286970, or other anchoring devices in the prior art.
Preferably, the adjacent plant protection pads are anchored at intervals by adopting anchoring devices at staggered positions, and the rest positions are fixed by adopting biological nails.
More preferably, the biological nails are spaced apart from each other by 0.2 m.
Therefore, the method for greening the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope has the advantage of convenient construction, after the seeds grow into vegetation, the vegetation upwards breaks out of the surface layer of the plant protection mat, and the root system of the vegetation radiates to the periphery to grow to form turf, so that the vegetation can be better combined with the plant protection mat and the soil curing mat, and the protection effect and the greening effect on the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope can be improved. Meanwhile, before the seeds grow out, the plant protection pad is fixed by the anchoring device and the biological nail together. The existence of biological nail can greatly improve fixed effect to reduce anchor's quantity, in the biological nail can degrade soil after using, can not lead to metal component to leave over follow-up problems such as soil.
Claims (8)
1. A biological nail comprises a nail body made of degradable materials, wherein plant seeds are arranged in the nail body, and the biological nail is characterized in that a containing cavity is arranged in the nail body, the plant seeds are filled in the containing cavity, nutrient medium is filled in the containing cavity, the containing cavity is upwards communicated with the outside of the top end of the nail body to form a germination hole for the plant seeds to germinate and break out, and a slit for growing the plant root hair is axially arranged on the nail body on the periphery of the containing cavity; a plurality of through holes with locally enlarged widths are formed in the root hairs in the vertical direction at intervals by using the slots, so that stress concentration positions can be formed in local areas where the through holes are located to break the biological nails when the root hairs of the seeds grow; the top of the nail body is provided with a nail cap which extends outwards horizontally along the circumferential direction; the part of the upper surface of the nail cap, which is opposite to the nail body, is provided with a circle of bearing part which extends upwards and is in a circular ring shape; the diameter of the germination hole is smaller than that of the horizontal section circle of the accommodating cavity; the thickness of the part of the nail cap, which is opposite to the lower accommodating cavity, is smaller than that of the rest part, and the part is provided with a germination slit which is connected to the germination hole from outside to inside.
2. The bio-nail according to claim 1, wherein: the degradable material is degradable starch filled plastic.
3. The bio-nail according to claim 1, wherein: the nail body is fixed in the week and is set up the barb body, and the external side tip part of barb extends to the back top.
4. The bio-nail according to claim 3, wherein: the transverse section of the barb body is an inverted triangle with a downward tip.
5. The bio-nail according to claim 3, wherein: the plurality of barb bodies are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the nail body and are annular; the nail body is provided with a plurality of rings of barb bodies along the axial direction.
6. The bio-nail according to claim 1, wherein: the germination hole is located the nail cap middle part and the diameter is less than and holds the horizontal cross-section circle diameter of chamber.
7. The bio-nail according to claim 1, wherein: the nail cap and the nail body are detachably connected.
8. A hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. after the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt is leveled along the slope of the bank slope in an inclined way, the soil solidification pad is correspondingly paved on the soil body of the hydro-fluctuation belt; b. paving a lower layer of sponge on the soil curing mat, throwing a nutrient matrix layer on the lower layer of sponge, then throwing plant seeds on the nutrient matrix layer, and paving an upper layer of sponge above the plant seeds; c. paving a layer of plant protection pad on the upper layer of sponge, and fixing the soil solidification pad, the lower layer of sponge, the upper layer of sponge and the plant protection pad on the soil body of the falling zone by using the anchoring device and the biological nail according to any one of claims 1 to 7; d. and (5) watering and maintaining, namely, after the plant seeds germinate and break upwards to form the surface of the plant protection mat and grow to form turf, and finishing the greening protection of the hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210854573.5A CN115191266B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Biological nail body structure |
| CN201911077151.6A CN110741845B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof |
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| CN201911077151.6A CN110741845B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Biological nail and hydro-fluctuation belt bank slope greening protection method thereof |
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| CN202210854573.5A Division CN115191266B (en) | 2019-11-06 | 2019-11-06 | Biological nail body structure |
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| CN110741845B true CN110741845B (en) | 2022-08-16 |
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| CN111321746A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-06-23 | 中国有色金属工业昆明勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Greening reinforcing device suitable for side slope with unstable surface and construction method |
| CN111448913A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-28 | 中铁五局集团贵州工程有限公司 | Grass planting device for repairing vegetation bald spots and using method thereof |
| CN112459057B (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-06-11 | 广东省有色矿山地质灾害防治中心 | Anchoring device for preventing landslide geological disasters |
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| CN113812309B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-11-01 | 中煤科工重庆设计研究院(集团)有限公司 | Turf cultivation method suitable for rock slope greening |
| CN113951057A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-21 | 江西省林业科学院 | Terrace type biological ditch wetland falling belt treatment method based on seed bank |
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| CN110741845A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
| CN115191266A (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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