CN110707947B - Bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit - Google Patents

Bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110707947B
CN110707947B CN201910984264.8A CN201910984264A CN110707947B CN 110707947 B CN110707947 B CN 110707947B CN 201910984264 A CN201910984264 A CN 201910984264A CN 110707947 B CN110707947 B CN 110707947B
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diode
capacitor
field effect
effect transistor
transformer
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CN110707947A (en
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高智浩
许明伟
王博
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Fu Zhou Internet Of Things Open Lab
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Fu Zhou Internet Of Things Open Lab
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4258Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit which comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4, wherein a mains supply is connected with the capacitor C1 in parallel, one end of the capacitor is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and the anode of the diode D4, the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the cathode of the diode D2 and the anode of the diode D3, the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor and the cathode of the diode D1, the cathodes of the diode D4 and the diode D3 are respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C2, the anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D2 are respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends. The invention has no rectifier bridge and PFC correction, thereby effectively increasing the power efficiency, reducing the power volume and providing the power density.

Description

Bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit electronics, in particular to a bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit.
Background
The Boost circuit is mainly used for converting low voltage into high voltage, and is indispensable in many occasions, particularly in the occasion of requiring a PF value, the Boost circuit is a determining part of the PF value.
The traditional structure of the Boost circuit generally comprises rectification, inductor boosting and rectification, and the voltage is boosted by controlling the charging and discharging of the inductor through PWM (pulse width modulation).
The totem-pole structure appearing in recent years basically changes two rectifier diodes into MOSFETs, and although the efficiency is improved to a certain extent, the size and the control difficulty are increased, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D3 and a diode D4, wherein a mains supply is connected with the capacitor C1 in parallel, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and the anode of a diode D4, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1, the cathode of the diode D2 and the anode of the diode D3 respectively, the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor and the cathode of a diode D1 respectively, the cathodes of the diode D4 and a diode D3 are connected with one end of the capacitor C2 respectively, the anodes of the diode D1 and a diode D2 are connected with the other end of the capacitor C2 respectively, and the two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
Further, the fet Q1 generally selects a GaN power transistor with controllable bidirectional conduction characteristics, a capacitor C1, which is generally an ampere-rated capacitor, such as an X2 capacitor, and the capacitance value is generally not very large, the capacitor C2 generally selects an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the selection of the inductor L1, the diode D1, the diode D2, the diode D3, and the diode D4 is generally closely related to the specific scheme, and the types and parameters of the devices vary greatly, due to different powers, different voltages and currents, different control frequencies and different control modes.
A bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a diode D5, wherein a mains supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 and the cathode of the diode D5, the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the field effect transistor Q2 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L1 and the anode of the diode D4, the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 and the anode of the diode D1, the gate of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of the PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is respectively connected with the other end of the cathode of the capacitor C1 and the cathode of the diode D1, anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D5 are respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
Further, the fet Q1, the fet Q2, the capacitor C1 are generally safety capacitors, such as an X2 capacitor, which generally has not a large capacitance value, the capacitor C2 is generally an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the types of the inductor L1, the diode D1, the diode D3, the diode D4, and the diode D5 are generally closely related to a specific scheme, different powers, different voltages and currents, different control frequencies and control modes, and the types and parameters of the devices are greatly changed.
A bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a transformer, a diode D6 and a diode D7, wherein the transformer comprises a winding L1 and a winding L2, a mains supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 and the anode of a diode D7, the gate of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the common end of the transformer windings L1 and L2, the source of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the same-name end of the transformer winding L2, the different-name end of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the anode of the diode D2, one end of the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the same-name end of the capacitor C2, and the other end of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
The transformer further comprises an inductor L3 and a diode D8, the dotted terminal of the secondary coil of the transformer is connected with the anode of a diode D6, the cathode of a diode D6 is respectively connected with one end of an inductor L3 and the cathode of a diode D8, the other end of an inductor L3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, the dotted terminal of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the other end of a capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D8, and two ends of a capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
Further, the fet Q1, the fet Q2, the GaN power transistor with controllable bidirectional conduction characteristics, the capacitor C1, which is generally a safety capacitor, such as an X2 capacitor, have a capacitance value that is not large, the capacitor C2 generally uses an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the types of the transformer, the diode D6, the diode D7, the inductor L3, and the diode D8 are closely related to the specific scheme, the power is different, the voltage and the current are different, the frequency and the control mode of the controller are different, and the types and parameters of the devices are greatly changed.
By adopting the technical scheme, the boost circuit is not provided with the rectifier bridge and has PFC correction, so that the power efficiency is effectively increased, the size of the power supply is reduced, and the power density is provided. The circuit of the invention has simple structure, the current of the diode is lower, and the cost is reduced. The invention can increase the efficiency, and the volume can be smaller than 2/3 of the original volume.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the boost structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positive half cycle circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a negative half cycle circuit according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of example 2 which is a modification of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fly-back architecture according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an isolation architecture for forward control according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in one of fig. 1-4, the present invention discloses a bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit, which includes a fet Q1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, the commercial power supply is connected in parallel with a capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor is connected with one end of an inductor L1 and the anode of a diode D4, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the drain of a field effect transistor Q1, the cathode of a diode D2 and the anode of a diode D3, the grid of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor and the cathode of a diode D1, the cathodes of a diode D4 and a diode D3 are connected with one end of the capacitor C2, the anodes of a diode D1 and a diode D2 are connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends. As shown in fig. 1, a boost architecture diagram of a bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit according to the present invention, where AC is mains power, DCOUT is high voltage output, and the PFC controller, the feedback loop and the driving circuit are omitted from the above circuit diagram and are not shown.
Further, the fet Q1 generally selects a GaN power transistor with controllable bidirectional conduction characteristics, a capacitor C1, which is generally an ampere-rated capacitor, such as an X2 capacitor, and the capacitance value is generally not very large, the capacitor C2 generally selects an aluminum electrolytic capacitor, and the selection of the inductor L1, the diode D1, the diode D2, the diode D3, and the diode D4 is generally closely related to the specific scheme, and the types and parameters of the devices vary greatly, due to different powers, different voltages and currents, different control frequencies and different control modes.
Further, the overall circuit is divided into two states, a positive half cycle and a negative half cycle of the AC.
A simplified schematic of the circuit during the positive half cycle of AC is shown in fig. 2. The whole circuit diagram of the positive half-cycle of the AC is not different from that of the traditional Boost, and only one diode D1 is added; the algorithm of the PFC controller does not need to be improved too much, and the driving only needs to drive the GaN normally.
A simplified schematic of the circuit during the negative half cycle of AC is shown in fig. 3. The current direction during the negative half cycle of AC is from fet Q1 to the inductor during charging, diodes D4 and D2 are not active, and diodes D4 and D2 are active during discharging. Since the operating mode is different from the positive half cycle, the PFC controller needs to change the operating frequency and duty cycle, and the control mode, to achieve the same output voltage as the positive half cycle.
Example 2:
in order to better improve the efficiency and reduce the stress of the field effect transistor, the invention provides an improved structure. As shown in fig. 4, a bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit includes a fet Q1, a fet Q2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, a diode D1, a diode D3, a diode D4, and a diode D5, a mains supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor is connected to the drain of the fet Q2 and the cathode of the diode D5, the gate of the fet Q2 is connected to the output terminal of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the fet Q2 is connected to one end of the inductor L1 and the anode of the diode D4, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the drain of the fet Q1 and the anode of the diode D3, the gate of the fet Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the source of the fet Q1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor D1 and the cathode of the diode D36 4 and the cathode of the diode D3 are connected to the cathode of the capacitor C2, anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D5 are respectively connected with the other end of the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
In the improved structure, one of the field effect transistors Q1 and Q2 is normally open in a half period, and the other one is used as a switch, which is equivalent to two superposition before improvement, so that the stress of GaN is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Example 3:
in this embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 5, a bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit includes a fet Q1, a fet Q2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a transformer, a diode D6, and a diode D7, the transformer includes a winding L1 and a winding L2, a mains power is connected in parallel to the capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a drain of the fet Q2 and an anode of the diode D7, a gate of the fet Q2 is connected to an output terminal of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, a drain of the fet Q1 is connected to a common terminal of the transformer windings L1 and L2, a source of the fet Q1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, a cathode of the diode D7 is connected to a same-name terminal of the transformer winding L2, an different-name terminal of the transformer winding L1 is connected to a source of the fet Q2, a different-name terminal of a secondary winding L2 is connected to an anode of the diode D6, and a cathode of the diode D6 is connected to a cathode of the capacitor C2, the dotted terminal of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the other terminal of the capacitor C2, and the two terminals of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output terminals.
The isolation mode is not a boost framework, but a fly-back framework, and the framework has one more transformer winding, so that compared with a common corresponding framework, 3 diodes are reduced, the size is reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The isolation is slightly different from the previous boost, i.e. the fet Q2 is always off during the positive half cycle, and the negative half cycle is the same as the previous control. The absorption loops for transformer winding L1 and winding L2 are not shown, as are the feedback loop and drive circuits.
Example 4:
the scheme of this embodiment 4 is also an isolation scheme, and the basic row modification control scheme of embodiment 3 is a forward scheme. As shown in fig. 6, the structure of this embodiment 4 compared with embodiment 3 further includes an inductor L3 and a diode D8, the dotted terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer winding L2 is connected to the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected to one terminal of the inductor L3 and the cathode of the diode D8, the other terminal of the inductor L3 is connected to one terminal of a capacitor C2, the dotted terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer winding L2 is connected to the other terminal of the capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D8, and the two terminals of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output terminals. In this circuit, circuits such as a drive circuit and a feedback loop are not shown.
When the AC is in the positive half cycle, namely Q2 is measured to be higher than the voltage of Q1, Q1 is used as a power main switch tube, Q1 is used as a magnetic reset tube, namely when Q1 is closed, Q2 is opened.
When the AC is in a negative half cycle, namely the voltage measured by the Q2 is lower than that measured by the Q1, the Q2 is used as a principle main switch tube, but when the magnetic loop needs to be reset, the Q1 is closed, the Q2 is normally opened from the control end, and the Q1 is used as a main switch tube.
By adopting the technical scheme, the boost circuit is not provided with the rectifier bridge and has PFC correction, so that the power efficiency is effectively increased, the size of the power supply is reduced, and the power density is provided. The circuit of the invention has simple structure, the current of the diode is lower, and the cost is reduced. The invention can increase the efficiency, and the volume can be smaller than 2/3 of the original volume.

Claims (3)

1. A bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit, characterized by: the device comprises a field effect transistor Q1, a field effect transistor Q2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a transformer, a diode D6 and a diode D7, wherein the transformer comprises a winding L1 and a winding L2, a mains supply is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1, one end of a capacitor C1 is connected with the drain of the field effect transistor Q2 and the anode of the diode D7, the grid of the field effect transistor Q2 is connected with the output end of a PFC controller and is driven and controlled by the PFC controller, the drain of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the common end of the transformer windings L1 and L2, the source of the field effect transistor Q1 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C1, the cathode of the diode D7 is connected with the same-name end of the transformer winding L2, the different-name end of the transformer winding L1 is connected with the source of the transformer Q2, the different-name end of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with one end of the capacitor C2, and the same-name end of the secondary coil of the transformer L2 is connected with the capacitor C2, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
2. The bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit of claim 1, wherein: the transformer further comprises an inductor L3 and a diode D8, the dotted terminal of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the anode of the diode D6, the cathode of the diode D6 is respectively connected with one end of the inductor L3 and the cathode of the diode D8, the other end of the inductor L3 is connected with one end of a capacitor C2, the dotted terminal of the secondary coil of the transformer winding L2 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D8, and two ends of the capacitor C2 are used as high-voltage output ends.
3. The bridgeless unipolar PFC circuit of claim 1, wherein: the field effect transistor Q1 and the field effect transistor Q2 adopt GaN power tubes with controllable bidirectional conduction characteristics; the capacitor C1 is a safety capacitor, and the capacitor C2 is an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
CN201910984264.8A 2019-10-16 2019-10-16 Bridgeless single-pole PFC circuit Active CN110707947B (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010093989A (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-22 Sony Corp Power supply circuit
JP2015033170A (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-16 ニチコン株式会社 Bridgeless power-supply circuit
CN105187005A (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-12-23 上海大学 Miniature photovoltaic inverter with zero input secondary ripple current content
CN205430058U (en) * 2015-06-11 2016-08-03 武汉杭久电气有限公司 Double -barrelled clamper of one way self -powered is just swashing keeps apart converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010093989A (en) * 2008-10-10 2010-04-22 Sony Corp Power supply circuit
JP2015033170A (en) * 2013-07-31 2015-02-16 ニチコン株式会社 Bridgeless power-supply circuit
CN105187005A (en) * 2015-06-05 2015-12-23 上海大学 Miniature photovoltaic inverter with zero input secondary ripple current content
CN205430058U (en) * 2015-06-11 2016-08-03 武汉杭久电气有限公司 Double -barrelled clamper of one way self -powered is just swashing keeps apart converter

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