CN110702062B - Plane movement deformation measurement system and application thereof in two-dimensional analog simulation experiment - Google Patents
Plane movement deformation measurement system and application thereof in two-dimensional analog simulation experiment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110702062B CN110702062B CN201910839630.0A CN201910839630A CN110702062B CN 110702062 B CN110702062 B CN 110702062B CN 201910839630 A CN201910839630 A CN 201910839630A CN 110702062 B CN110702062 B CN 110702062B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plane movement deformation measurement system and application thereof in a two-dimensional analog simulation experiment, and belongs to the technical field of analog simulation experiments in mining engineering. Its major structure is including two-dimensional simulation experiment platform and the rock stratum removal deformation measurement system that is used for holding similar simulation material, the rock stratum removes deformation measurement system includes the frame body, vertical slide rail, the measuring head, wireless data acquisition appearance and computer processing system, carry out the injecing of structure and position through the concrete part to the rock stratum removal deformation measurement system, in the experimentation, can be in good time, really accurate, the removal deformation value of the different positions departments of omnidirectional observation two-dimensional similar material model, the data real-time transmission of measurement gives the collection appearance, after the processing of computer data processing system finishes, in real time with rock stratum removal deformation value display on the computer screen. In the measuring system, the alignment of the measuring head, the measurement, the transmission and the processing of data are automatically and synchronously carried out, thereby avoiding human errors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of analog simulation experiments in mining engineering, in particular to a plane movement deformation measurement system for a two-dimensional analog simulation experiment and a measurement method thereof.
Background
The rock stratum moving deformation rule is an important research content of mining engineering, but the research object is concealed, so that much inconvenience is brought to the research.
The simulation experiment is to make a physical model similar to the original model in a laboratory according to a similar principle, and study the movement deformation and stress distribution rule of the rock stratum by measuring indexes such as displacement, stress and the like of the rock stratum while the model is recovered. The similar material simulation experiment can visually present the movement of the rock stratum in the stoping process, provides convenience for researchers to research the movement deformation rule of the rock stratum, and becomes an important research means of subjects such as mining engineering, geotechnical engineering and the like.
The rock stratum movement comprises horizontal movement and vertical movement, and in the conventional two-dimensional analog simulation experiment, the rock stratum movement mainly adopts three modes of a total station, a stay wire displacement sensor and manual measurement.
The three measurement modes are all insufficient:
(1) the total station measurement is manually operated, time-consuming, low in automation degree and has human errors;
(2) the method for measuring the stay wire displacement sensor is characterized in that a connecting line is driven by a hard metal sheet embedded in a model to further pull a stay wire displacement sensor reader, so that the measurement of the settlement value of the rock stratum is realized, the method can only measure the movement value of the earth surface in the vertical direction, and external force can be applied to a similar material model, so that the accuracy of the measurement result can be influenced;
(3) the manual measurement error is large.
In summary, no plane movement deformation measurement system for two-dimensional simulation modeling experiments, which has high automation degree, high precision and non-contact type, exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a planar motion deformation measurement system, which has the advantages of high automation degree, high precision and non-contact measurement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a plane movement deformation measurement system for a two-dimensional simulation experiment comprises a rock stratum movement deformation measurement system and a two-dimensional simulation experiment table for containing similar simulation materials, wherein the similar simulation materials are paved in the two-dimensional simulation experiment table layer by layer and form a plurality of layers in the vertical direction, and mica powder is scattered among the similar simulation materials in each layer;
the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system comprises a frame body, a vertical slide rail, a measuring head, a wireless data acquisition instrument and a computer processing system, wherein the frame body is of a square structure formed by sequentially connecting a left frame body, an upper frame body, a right frame body and a lower frame body, and supports are arranged at four corners of the frame body;
the vertical slide rail is a square rod piece and is connected with the frame body in a sliding way through a sliding chute;
the frame body is fixedly connected with a left upright post and a right upright post of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table through bolts;
the right surface of the left frame body and the inner surface of a left upright post of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the upper surface of the lower frame body and the upper surface of a base of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table are positioned in the same horizontal plane;
the measuring head is connected with the vertical sliding rail through a sliding sleeve, and comprises a vertical direction distance meter, a horizontal direction distance meter, a sliding sleeve, an alignment device and a wireless transmitter; the horizontal direction distance meter is perpendicular to the left frame body, and the vertical direction distance meter is perpendicular to the lower frame body; the aligning device is arranged along the horizontal direction and is vertical to the vertical plane of the frame body; the axes of the horizontal direction distance meter, the vertical direction distance meter and the alignment device intersect at one point in space;
the data measured by the measuring head is transmitted to the wireless data acquisition instrument through the wireless transmitter;
the output end of the wireless data acquisition instrument is connected with the computer data processing system through a USB interface.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the two-dimensional simulation experiment table is of a cuboid structure without an upper cover, and comprises a base, a left upright, a right upright, a movable baffle, a reaction frame and a jack, wherein the left upright and the right upright are fixedly connected to the base, the left upright and the right upright are both U-shaped steel with inward vertex angles, a plurality of screw holes are uniformly formed in two outer side surfaces of the U-shaped steel, and the reaction frame is connected to the tops of the left upright and the right upright; the jack is provided with a plurality of jacks which are arranged below the reaction frame in parallel, the movable baffle is provided with a plurality of blocks, and two ends of the movable baffle are detachably connected to the left stand column and the right stand column respectively.
As another preferable scheme of the invention, both ends of each movable baffle are provided with through holes, and the movable baffles are movably connected to the left and right upright posts through the through holes and the matching of bolts.
Further, the computer data processing system includes:
the input subsystem is used for manually inputting the number of each measuring point according to specific experimental arrangement;
the management subsystem is used for automatically storing the measurement data and can carry out historical query and data sharing;
the analysis subsystem is used for analyzing and calculating the measurement data;
and the output subsystem dynamically displays the measurement data on line, generates a comprehensive report and a moving deformation curve and has a printing function.
Furthermore, the sliding grooves are arranged in the upper frame body and the lower frame body, and the vertical sliding rails can slide left and right in the sliding grooves;
furthermore, the whole structure of the sliding sleeve is square.
In the measuring system, a rock stratum moving deformation measuring system for a two-dimensional similar simulation experiment is arranged outside a two-dimensional similar material model, moving deformation values at different positions of the two-dimensional similar model can be observed timely, truly, accurately and omnidirectionally in the experiment process, measured data are transmitted to a wireless data acquisition instrument in real time, and after being processed by a computer data processing system, the rock stratum moving deformation values are displayed on a computer screen in real time; the plane movement deformation measurement system for the two-dimensional similar simulation experiment is not in contact with a measurement object (a two-dimensional similar material model) in the experiment process, and does not apply any external force to the measurement object (the two-dimensional similar material model), so that the accuracy of an observation result is further ensured; the plane movement deformation measuring system for the two-dimensional analog simulation experiment has the advantages that the alignment of the measuring head and the measurement, transmission and processing of data are automatically and synchronously carried out, the interference of human factors is completely avoided, and the human error is avoided.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring plane motion deformation for two-dimensional simulation experiment, comprising the following steps:
s1, mounting movable baffles layer by layer from bottom to top, and paving similar simulation materials until the similar simulation materials are completely paved;
s2, after the similar simulation material is solidified until the performance index of the similar simulation material reaches the recovery requirement, completely dismantling the movable baffle;
s3, arranging measuring lines and measuring points according to the experiment purpose;
s4, mounting the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system on the two-dimensional simulation experiment table through bolts, adjusting the equipment to a working state, and comprehensively measuring a measuring point as an initial value;
and S5, extracting the similar simulation material, measuring the displacement condition of each measuring point in the extraction process and acquiring data, and exporting the required experimental data and images through a computer data processing system until the experimental extraction is finished.
The technical effect directly brought by the technical scheme is that the operation steps are simple, the control is simple and convenient, and the experimental result is real, accurate and visual.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the structure is simple and reasonable, the experimental result is real and accurate, and the system error is small;
(2) the alignment of the measuring head, the measurement, the transmission and the processing of the data are all automatically and synchronously carried out, the system has high automation degree, the automatic measurement and the data analysis can be realized, and the interference of human factors is completely avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-dimensional simulation experiment table according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a formation mobility deformation measurement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame body according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical slide bar structure according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a measuring head according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. two-dimensional simulation experiment table, 11, the base, 12, the stand, 13, the reaction frame, 14, adjustable fender, 15, hydraulic jack, 2, rock stratum removal deformation measurement system, 21, the frame body, 22, vertical slide rail, 23, the measuring head, 24, wireless data acquisition instrument, 25, computer data processing system, 211, left framework, 212, go up the framework, 213, right framework, 214, lower framework, 215, the spout, 216, the support, 231, wireless transmitter, 232, vertical direction distancer, 233, horizontal direction distancer, 234, the sliding sleeve, 235, aligning device.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a plane movement deformation measurement system and application thereof in a two-dimensional analog simulation experiment, and in order to make the advantages and technical scheme of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is described in detail below by combining specific embodiments.
The invention refers to the surface of the column on which the similar simulation material is placed, and the surface of the column on which the similar simulation material is placed is opposite to the surface of the column on which the similar simulation material is placed.
The term "inner" as used herein refers to the surface on which the analog material is placed.
As shown in fig. 1, the plane moving deformation measuring system of the present invention includes a two-dimensional simulation experiment table 1 for holding similar simulation materials and a rock stratum moving deformation measuring system 2 fixed on the two-dimensional simulation experiment table 1.
The two-dimensional simulation experiment table 1 for containing similar simulation materials is integrally of a cuboid structure without an upper cover and comprises a base 11, two upright columns 12 vertically and fixedly connected to two ends of the base, a movable baffle plate 14 detachably connected with the base, a reaction frame 13 and a hydraulic jack 15 installed on the reaction frame.
The two upright posts 12 are fixed on the base 11 and are detachably connected with the movable baffle 14, wherein the detachable connection means that the movable baffle 14 and the two upright posts are detachable, the movable baffle 14 is installed on the two upright posts before the similar simulation material is laid, and the movable baffle 14 can be completely detached after the similar simulation material is solidified until the performance index of the similar simulation material meets the mining requirement. The detachable connection is preferably a bolt and a screw hole, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The two upright posts are U-shaped steel with inward vertex angles as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of bolt holes are uniformly formed in two outer side faces of the U-shaped steel, the number of the movable baffle plates 14 is a plurality, through holes are respectively formed in two ends of each movable baffle plate 14, the through holes in the movable baffle plates 14 are conveniently connected with the through holes in the two outer side faces of the U-shaped steel through bolts, and the through holes are fixedly connected to different layer heights of the two outer side faces of the U-shaped steel through bolts.
The specific number of the movable baffles 14 can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the specific requirements.
The reaction frame 13 is fixedly connected to the column 12 by bolts.
The number of the hydraulic jacks 15 is 4, and the hydraulic jacks are fixedly connected with the reaction frame 13 through bolts.
The rock stratum moving deformation measuring system 2 comprises a frame body 21, a vertical slide rail 22, a measuring head 23, a wireless data acquisition instrument 24 and a computer data processing system 25.
The frame body 21 is rectangular, and 4 holders 216 are fixedly connected to 4 corner positions of the frame body 21 by a left frame body 211, an upper frame body 212, a right frame body 213, and a lower frame body 214 which are fixedly connected to each other.
The right surface of the left frame 211 and the inner surface of the left upright of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table 1 are located in the same vertical plane.
The upper surface of the lower frame 213 is located on the same horizontal plane as the upper surface of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table base 11.
The support 216 is provided with a screw hole; the frame body 21 is fixedly connected with the two-dimensional simulation experiment table upright post 12 through a bolt.
The upper frame 212 and the lower frame 214 are provided with horizontal sliding grooves 215.
The vertical slide rail 22 is a square rod member, and is slidably connected to the frame 21 through a slide groove 215.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the measuring head 23 includes a vertical direction distance meter 232, a horizontal direction distance meter 233, a sliding sleeve 234, an alignment device 235, and a wireless transmitter 231.
The horizontal direction distance meter 233 described above is arranged in the horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the left frame body 211.
The vertical direction distance meter 232 is arranged in the vertical direction and perpendicular to the lower frame body 214.
The aligning device 235 is arranged in a horizontal direction and perpendicular to a vertical plane in which the frame body 21 is located.
The axes of the horizontal direction distance meter 233, the vertical direction distance meter 232, and the aligning device 235 described above intersect at one point in space.
The sliding sleeve 234 is generally square.
The measuring head 23 is slidably connected to the vertical slide 22 via a sliding sleeve 234.
The data measured by the measuring head 23 is transmitted to the wireless data acquisition instrument 24 via the wireless transmitter 231.
The output end of the wireless data acquisition instrument 24 is connected with the computer data processing system through a USB interface.
The computer data processing system comprises the following subsystems:
(1) the input subsystem is used for manually inputting the number of each measuring point according to specific experimental arrangement;
(2) the management subsystem is used for automatically storing the measurement data and can carry out historical query and data sharing;
(3) the analysis subsystem is used for analyzing and calculating the measurement data;
(4) and the output subsystem dynamically displays the measurement data on line, generates a comprehensive report and a moving deformation curve and has a printing function.
The invention relates to a plane moving deformation measuring system for a two-dimensional similar simulation experiment, which has the main technical innovation points that on one hand, the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system for the two-dimensional similar simulation experiment is not in contact with a measuring object (a two-dimensional similar material model) in the experiment process, and does not apply any external force to the measuring object (the two-dimensional similar material model), thereby further ensuring the accuracy of an observation result; on the other hand, the alignment of the measuring head, the measurement, the transmission and the processing of the data are all automatically and synchronously carried out, thereby completely avoiding the interference of human factors and avoiding human errors.
On the basis of understanding the plane movement deformation measurement system for the two-dimensional simulation experiment, the measurement method will be described in detail.
The plane moving deformation measuring method for the two-dimensional analog simulation experiment sequentially comprises the following steps of:
firstly, mounting movable baffles 14 layer by layer from bottom to top, and paving similar simulation materials until the similar simulation materials are completely paved;
secondly, after the similar simulation material is solidified until the performance index of the similar simulation material reaches the recovery requirement, completely dismantling the movable baffle 14;
thirdly, arranging measuring lines and measuring points according to the experiment purpose;
fourthly, mounting the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system 2 on the two-dimensional simulation experiment table 1 through bolts, adjusting the equipment to a working state, and comprehensively measuring the measuring points to serve as initial values;
and fifthly, extracting the similar simulation material, measuring the displacement condition of each measuring point in the extracting process and acquiring data until the experimental extraction is finished, and exporting the required experimental data and images through a computer data processing system.
The measuring method has the advantages of simple operation steps, simple and convenient control, and real, accurate and visual experimental results.
The parts which are not described in the invention can be realized by taking the prior art as reference.
It should be noted that: any equivalents or obvious modifications thereof which may occur to persons skilled in the art and which are given the benefit of this description are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a plane removes deformation measurement system for two-dimentional simulation experiment, its includes that the rock stratum removes deformation measurement system and is used for holding the two-dimentional simulation laboratory bench of similar analog material which characterized in that:
the similar simulation materials are paved in the two-dimensional simulation experiment table layer by layer, a plurality of layers are formed in the vertical direction, and mica powder is scattered among the similar simulation materials in each layer;
the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system comprises a frame body, a vertical slide rail, a measuring head, a wireless data acquisition instrument and a computer processing system, wherein the frame body is of a square structure formed by sequentially connecting a left frame body, an upper frame body, a right frame body and a lower frame body, and supports are arranged at four corners of the frame body;
the vertical slide rail is a square rod piece and is connected with the frame body in a sliding way through a sliding chute;
the frame body is fixedly connected with a left upright post and a right upright post of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table through bolts;
the right surface of the left frame body and the inner surface of a left upright post of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the upper surface of the lower frame body and the upper surface of a base of the two-dimensional simulation experiment table are positioned in the same horizontal plane;
the measuring head is connected with the vertical sliding rail through a sliding sleeve, and comprises a vertical direction distance meter, a horizontal direction distance meter, a sliding sleeve, an alignment device and a wireless transmitter; the horizontal direction distance meter is perpendicular to the left frame body, and the vertical direction distance meter is perpendicular to the lower frame body; the aligning device is arranged along the horizontal direction and is vertical to the vertical plane of the frame body; the axes of the horizontal direction distance meter, the vertical direction distance meter and the alignment device intersect at one point in space;
the data measured by the measuring head is transmitted to the wireless data acquisition instrument through the wireless transmitter;
the output end of the wireless data acquisition instrument is connected with the computer data processing system through a USB interface; the two-dimensional simulation experiment table is integrally of a cuboid structure without an upper cover and comprises a base, a left upright post, a right upright post, a movable baffle, a reaction frame and a jack, wherein the left upright post and the right upright post are fixedly connected to the base, the left upright post and the right upright post are both U-shaped steel with inward vertex angles, a plurality of screw holes are uniformly formed in two outer side surfaces of the U-shaped steel, and the reaction frame is connected to the tops of the left upright post and the right upright post; the jacks are arranged in parallel below the reaction frame, the movable baffle is provided with a plurality of blocks, and two ends of the movable baffle are respectively detachably connected to the left upright post and the right upright post;
through holes are formed in the two ends of each movable baffle plate, and the movable baffle plates are movably connected to the left stand column and the right stand column through the cooperation of the through holes and bolts.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the computer data processing system comprises:
the input subsystem is used for manually inputting the number of each measuring point according to specific experimental arrangement;
the management subsystem is used for automatically storing the measurement data and can carry out historical query and data sharing;
the analysis subsystem is used for analyzing and calculating the measurement data;
and the output subsystem dynamically displays the measurement data on line, generates a comprehensive report and a moving deformation curve and has a printing function.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the upper frame body and the lower frame body are internally provided with the sliding grooves, and the vertical sliding rails can slide left and right in the sliding grooves.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the whole structure of the sliding sleeve is square.
5. A plane movement deformation measuring method for a two-dimensional simulation modeling experiment, which is characterized in that the plane movement deformation measuring system for the two-dimensional simulation modeling experiment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is adopted, and the measuring method sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting movable baffles layer by layer from bottom to top, and paving similar simulation materials until the similar simulation materials are completely paved;
s2, after the similar simulation material is solidified until the performance index of the similar simulation material reaches the recovery requirement, completely dismantling the movable baffle;
s3, arranging measuring lines and measuring points according to the experiment purpose;
s4, mounting the rock stratum moving deformation measuring system on the two-dimensional simulation experiment table through bolts, adjusting the equipment to a working state, and comprehensively measuring a measuring point as an initial value;
and S5, extracting the similar simulation material, measuring the displacement condition of each measuring point in the extraction process and acquiring data until the extraction of the experiment is finished, and exporting the required experiment data and images through a computer data processing system.
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