CN110699647A - 一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法 - Google Patents

一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法 Download PDF

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CN110699647A
CN110699647A CN201911051559.6A CN201911051559A CN110699647A CN 110699647 A CN110699647 A CN 110699647A CN 201911051559 A CN201911051559 A CN 201911051559A CN 110699647 A CN110699647 A CN 110699647A
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stainless steel
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郑法
董辉
刘清
谢春元
张佳颖
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Yushi Energy Nantong Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，包括如下步骤：前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过有机试剂去除表面油污，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理；第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10‑3Pa，再向真空室内通过高纯度Ar气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，改性层采用金属基材；第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，最终得到镀层无起皮，均匀致密。本发明先通过电弧离子镀先在不锈钢双极板上镀上一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，再在CrAlN镀层上通过化学镀的方式镀上一层镍镀层，镍镀层耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。

Description

一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法
技术领域
本发明涉及燃料电池技术领域，特别涉及一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法。
背景技术
质子交换膜燃料电池是氢能新能源汽车发动机的核心部件，而双极板是质子交换膜燃料电池除了交换膜以外的另一个核心组成部分，占电池重量的70%以上，在电池总成本中也占接近一半，起到收集传导电流、分隔氧化剂和还原剂以及支撑电池等作用。由于燃料电池特殊的工作环境，要求双极板除了具有类似金银等贵金属的高导电性，像石墨一样的强耐蚀性和像荷叶表面的疏水性外，同时还要具有高的机械强度、高的阻气能力和低成本、易加工等特性。直接采用贵金属制造双极板将使燃料电池具有极高的成本价格，而直接采用石墨制造双极板，又因撞击安全性差而不宜用来制造汽车发动机所用的电池电堆。
对由商用金属薄板制备的双极板，比如不锈钢双极板，进行表面改性处理，使之同时具备导电、耐蚀、疏水和强化等性能，是打破质子交换膜燃料电池发展中的技术与成本瓶颈，促进燃料电池乃至新能源汽车产业化发展的关键技术手段。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过有机试剂去除表面油污，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理；
第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10-3Pa，再向真空室内通过高纯度Ar气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，改性层采用金属基材；
第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，最终得到镀层无起皮，均匀致密。
优选的，所述有机试剂选自无水乙醇、四氯化碳、丙酮、甲苯中的一种或几种。
优选的，所述金属基材包括两种金属靶材，分别为Cr与Al。
优选的，所述第一次镀膜过程中还需往真空室通入适量的氮气。
优选的，所述第二次镀膜的复合镀溶液内包括如下浓度的物质：20-35g/L次亚磷酸钠、100-130g/L硫酸镍、40-55g/L柠檬酸钠、10-20g/L焦磷酸钾、10-35mg/L丙二酸、10-15mg/L正辛基硫酸钠。
优选的，所述第二次镀膜复合镀液温度75-85℃、PH值8-10、镀膜时间2-4h。
综上所述，本发明的有益效果如下：本发明先通过电弧离子镀先在不锈钢双极板上镀上一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，采用电弧离子镀使得薄膜的纯度更高，覆盖程度也更好，再在CrAlN镀层上通过化学镀的方式镀上一层镍镀层，镍镀层光泽度高，后续无需再加工与抛光，结合强度更高，耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明，本实施例不构成对本发明的限制。
实施例1
前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过丙酮超声清洗，去除表面油污，之后通过吹风机去除丙酮，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理。
第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10-3Pa，再向真空室内通入高纯度Ar气，之后再向真空室通入适量的氮气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，通过弧电源引燃金属靶材Cr与Al，从而在不锈钢双极板上制备一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，采用电弧离子镀使得薄膜的纯度更高，覆盖程度也更好。
第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，所述复合镀溶液内包括20g/L次亚磷酸钠、120g/L硫酸镍、50g/L柠檬酸钠、15g/L焦磷酸钾、20mg/L丙二酸、10mg/L正辛基硫酸钠，复合镀液温度80℃、PH值8、镀膜时间3h，最终得到镍镀层无起皮，均匀致密，镍镀层光泽度高，后续无需再加工与抛光，结合强度更高，耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。
实施例2
前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过四氯化碳超声清洗，去除表面油污，之后通过吹风机去除四氯化碳，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理。
第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10-3Pa，再向真空室内通入高纯度Ar气，之后再向真空室通入适量的氮气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，通过弧电源引燃金属靶材Cr与Al，从而在不锈钢双极板上制备一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，采用电弧离子镀使得薄膜的纯度更高，覆盖程度也更好。
第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，所述复合镀溶液内包括25g/L次亚磷酸钠、110g/L硫酸镍、45g/L柠檬酸钠、12g/L焦磷酸钾、15mg/L丙二酸、12mg/L正辛基硫酸钠，复合镀液温度85℃、PH值10、镀膜时间2h，最终得到镍镀层无起皮，均匀致密，镍镀层光泽度高，后续无需再加工与抛光，结合强度更高，耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。
实施例3
前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过无水乙醇超声清洗，去除表面油污，之后通过吹风机去除无水乙醇，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理。
第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10-3Pa，再向真空室内通入高纯度Ar气，之后再向真空室通入适量的氮气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，通过弧电源引燃金属靶材Cr与Al，从而在不锈钢双极板上制备一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，采用电弧离子镀使得薄膜的纯度更高，覆盖程度也更好。
第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，所述复合镀溶液内包括35g/L次亚磷酸钠、130g/L硫酸镍、55g/L柠檬酸钠、18g/L焦磷酸钾、30mg/L丙二酸、15mg/L正辛基硫酸钠，复合镀液温度85℃、PH值10、镀膜时间4h，最终得到镍镀层无起皮，均匀致密，镍镀层光泽度高，后续无需再加工与抛光，结合强度更高，耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。
本发明先通过电弧离子镀先在不锈钢双极板上镀上一层CrAlN镀层，提高了双极板外层的抗氧化性与耐腐蚀性能，采用电弧离子镀使得薄膜的纯度更高，覆盖程度也更好，再在CrAlN镀层上通过化学镀的方式镀上一层镍镀层，镍镀层光泽度高，后续无需再加工与抛光，结合强度更高，耐磨性能好，硬度高也有一定的耐腐蚀性能。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，不用于限制本发明，本领域技术人员可以在本发明的实质和保护范围内，对本发明做出各种修改或等同替换，这种修改或等同替换也应视为落在本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
前处理：将不锈钢双极板通过有机试剂去除表面油污，再通过电抛光对双极板表面进行抛光处理；
第一次镀膜：将处理后的双极板放置入真空室内进行抽真空，待真空室内气体压强低于1.0x10-3Pa，再向真空室内通过高纯度Ar气，通过脉冲偏压电弧离子镀对双极板进行镀膜，改性层采用金属基材；
第二次镀膜：将第一次镀膜完成的双极板浸入化学镀槽内的复合镀溶液，最终得到镀层无起皮，均匀致密。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于：所述有机试剂选自无水乙醇、四氯化碳、丙酮、甲苯中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于：所述金属基材包括两种金属靶材，分别为Cr与Al。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于：所述第一次镀膜过程中还需往真空室通入适量的氮气。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于：所述第二次镀膜的复合镀溶液内包括如下浓度的物质：20-35g/L次亚磷酸钠、100-130g/L硫酸镍、40-55g/L柠檬酸钠、10-20g/L焦磷酸钾、10-35mg/L丙二酸、10-15mg/L正辛基硫酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池不锈钢双极板改性方法，其特征在于：所述第二次镀膜复合镀液温度75-85℃、PH值8-10、镀膜时间2-4h。
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