CN110684554A - 一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110684554A
CN110684554A CN201911098470.5A CN201911098470A CN110684554A CN 110684554 A CN110684554 A CN 110684554A CN 201911098470 A CN201911098470 A CN 201911098470A CN 110684554 A CN110684554 A CN 110684554A
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魏跃
周华兰
王鸣
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High-Tech Research Institute Nanjing University Lianyungang
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Abstract

本发明公开一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其原理是将初次裂解出的塑料裂解油,经过填料分离塔分离成饱和烃、烯烃与芳烃三部分,烯烃部分进入烯烃加氢装置进行加氢烷烃化,加氢烷烃化的物料回填料分离塔分离;芳烃部分进入芳烃加氢装置进行加氢烷烃化,加氢烷烃化的物料回填料分离塔分离;烷烃部分被收集后蒸出洗脱剂即为髙烷烃含量的裂解油。

Description

一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,属于资源循环再生利用和绿色环保的技术领域。
背景技术
2016年我国塑料制品生产量已达7.71亿吨,占世界产量27.8%。例如城市生活垃圾(MSW) 中、医疗废弃物中和一些工业废弃物中都有大量的废塑料,塑料是石油化工深加工的产物,这些热塑性废塑料在隔绝氧气加热到一定温度后,可以发生热裂解,生成油、气和焦渣,这些产物均可以回收利用。但是由于塑料一次裂解所得油品的不包和度极高达80%,严重影响使用品质。
专利申请号:201810945417.3、专利申请号:201810945371.5、专利申请号:201710963331.9等专利都只涉及裂解塑料制油的装置,对裂解油的饱和率和提质均未说明。因此,需开发出一种对塑料裂解油提高饱和度的方法和装置。
基于目前混合塑料成分过于复杂,我们将其简化归类分为饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃,初步分离后将烯烃和芳烃分别加氢饱和化后,合并物料脱去洗液,得到饱和度较高的塑料裂解油。
发明内容
本发明为了得到饱和度较高的塑料裂解油,提出一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法。
利用填料塔分离塑料油中饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃分离,后分别进行催化加氢饱和化,加氢产物分别回填料分离塔分出饱和烃,并将所得饱和烃合并后脱去洗脱剂,后得高饱和烃裂解油,饱和烃含量比原来提高40%。具体步骤如下:
(1) 将储罐1中塑料裂解油从顶部加入到填料塔3中;
(2) 将储罐2中洗液以一定流速从填料塔3顶部加入;
(3) 混合物料流出时通过光谱控制四通阀4,分出的饱和烃进入储罐5、烯烃进入储罐6、芳烃进入储罐7;
(4) 将储罐6中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔9进行加氢饱和化反应;将储罐7中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔8进行加氢饱和化反应;两者的加氢产物都送回到填料塔3中;
(5) 储罐5中收集的饱和烃送入脱洗剂塔10中,脱出的洗剂回收利用,得到的饱和烃入罐储存。
本发明中,步骤(1)所述的填料塔3中填料为:PLOT(Al2O3)、RTX-1(二甲基聚硅烷)、RTX-WAX(聚乙二醇)或为它们的组合。
优选地,步骤(2)所述的洗液为:甲醇、乙醇、己烷或为它们的组合,流速为:0.5~2L/h。
优选地,步骤(3)所述的光谱控制四通阀为:紫外可见光检测控制,在190~250nm处控制四通阀第一通路;在250~350nm处控制四通阀第二通路;在350~450nm处控制四通阀第三通路。
优选地,步骤(4)所述的加氢反应:温度135~260℃;压力4~5MPa;空速1.0~2.0h-1;氢油体积比400~800。
通过采用前述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明专利将混合塑料成分过于复杂的制作方法简化归类分为饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃,初步分离后将烯烃和芳烃分别加氢饱和化后,合并物料脱去洗液,得到饱和度较高的塑料裂解油。
整个步骤简单与现有技术相比,混合塑料的饱和烃含量可以达到72.3-77.9%,烯烃含量降低为7.6-8.5%,芳烃含量为14.5-19.2%,整体塑料一次裂解所得油品符合要求。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例技术描述中所需要使用的附图做简单的介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1 提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的流程图。
图中标号:1、2、5、6、7、12、13、14储罐;3、填料分离塔;4、光谱控制四通阀;8、烯烃加氢塔;9、芳烃加氢塔;10、脱洗剂塔;11、冷凝器。
具体实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创作性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明的保护的范围。
如图1所示,一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,利用填料塔分离塑料油中饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃分离,后分别进行催化加氢饱和化,加氢产物分别回填料分离塔分出饱和烃,并将所得饱和烃合并后脱去洗脱剂,后得高饱和烃裂解油,饱和烃含量比原来提高40%。具体步骤如下:
(1) 将储罐1中塑料裂解油从顶部加入到填料塔3中;
(2) 将储罐2中洗液以一定流速从填料塔3顶部加入;
(3) 混合物料流出时通过光谱控制四通阀4,分出的饱和烃进入储罐5、烯烃进入储罐6、芳烃进入储罐7;
(4) 将储罐6中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔9进行加氢饱和化反应;将储罐7中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔8进行加氢饱和化反应;两者的加氢产物都送回到填料塔3中;
(5) 储罐5中收集的饱和烃送入脱洗剂塔10中,脱出的洗剂回收利用,得到的饱和烃入罐储存。
本发明中,步骤(1)所述的填料塔3中填料为:PLOT(Al2O3)、RTX-1(二甲基聚硅烷)、RTX-WAX(聚乙二醇)或为它们的组合。
优选地,步骤(2)所述的洗液为:甲醇、乙醇、己烷或为它们的组合,流速为:0.5~2L/h。
优选地,步骤(3)所述的光谱控制四通阀为:紫外可见光检测控制,在190~250nm处控制四通阀第一通路;在250~350nm处控制四通阀第二通路;在350~450nm处控制四通阀第三通路。
优选地,步骤(4)所述的加氢反应:温度135~260℃;压力4~5MPa;空速1.0~2.0h-1;氢油体积比400~800。
实施结果对比
Figure 968334DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
经过本发明技术方案处理后的两组数据可以知道,混合塑料的饱和烃含量可以达到72.3-77.9%,烯烃含量降低为7.6-8.5%,芳烃含量为14.5-19.2%,整体塑料一次裂解所得油品符合要求。而现有技术的两组未对样品处理,其饱和烃含量、烯烃含量以及芳烃含量均不能符合油的标准。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其特征在于利用填料塔分离塑料油中饱和烃、烯烃和芳烃分离,后分别进行催化加氢饱和化,加氢产物分别回填料分离塔分出饱和烃,并将所得饱和烃合并后脱去洗脱剂,后得高饱和烃裂解油,饱和烃含量比原来提高40%,具体步骤如下:
(1) 将储罐(1)中塑料裂解油从顶部加入到填料塔(3)中;
(2) 将储罐(2)中洗液以一定流速从填料塔(3)顶部加入;
(3) 混合物料流出时通过光谱控制四通阀(4),分出的饱和烃进入储罐(5)、烯烃进入储罐(6)、芳烃进入储罐(7);
(4) 将储罐(6)中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔(9)进行加氢饱和化反应;将储罐(7)中的烯烃从底部加入催化加氢塔(8)进行加氢饱和化反应;两者的加氢产物都送回到填料塔(3)中;
(5)储罐(5)中收集的饱和烃送入脱洗剂塔(10)中,脱出的洗剂回收利用,得到的饱和烃入罐储存。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的填料塔3中填料为:PLOT(Al2O3)、RTX-1(二甲基聚硅烷)、RTX-WAX(聚乙二醇)或为它们的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的洗液为:甲醇、乙醇、己烷或为它们的组合,流速为:0.5~2 L/h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的光谱控制四通阀为:紫外可见光检测控制,在190~250nm处控制四通阀第一通路;在250~350nm处控制四通阀第二通路;在350~450nm处控制四通阀第三通路。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高塑料裂解油饱和烃含量的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述的加氢反应:温度135~260℃;压力4~5MPa;空速1.0~2.0h-1;氢油体积比400~800。
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