CN110679456A - Warm-season lawn non-matrix cultivation method based on artificial floating bed - Google Patents
Warm-season lawn non-matrix cultivation method based on artificial floating bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN110679456A CN110679456A CN201911106009.XA CN201911106009A CN110679456A CN 110679456 A CN110679456 A CN 110679456A CN 201911106009 A CN201911106009 A CN 201911106009A CN 110679456 A CN110679456 A CN 110679456A
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- floating bed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention provides a warm-season lawn non-substrate cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed, belonging to the technical field of garden greening and lawn cultivation production, and the method comprises the following steps: sowing warm-season lawn grass seed stems on an artificial floating bed, and culturing in a water body; covering a carrier on the artificial floating bed, wherein the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm; the stem section of the warm-season turf grass seed comprises a stem section of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides. The method provided by the invention realizes the matrix-free cultivation of the lawn, and the lawn can be grown under the conventional management of no fertilization, no irrigation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of landscaping and lawn cultivation production, and particularly relates to a warm-season lawn non-matrix cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed.
Background
The lawn plays an important role in urban greening, environmental protection and improvement, ecological balance maintenance and the like. At present, most of lawn cultivation is in a traditional soil cultivation mode, a large amount of cultivated land is occupied in the production process, the surface soil structure of the original cultivated land is damaged, the cultivation period is long, the transportation cost is high, the paving effect is poor, the pest and disease damage propagation is serious, and the like. Compared with the prior art, the soilless culture lawn has the characteristics of land saving, quick aging, light weight, capability of being trimmed into any shape, convenience in taking and transporting, wide application and the like, thereby occupying an important position in modern lawn culture production. However, most of the soilless culture of the lawn needs to use the substrate to replace natural soil, which consumes fertilizer and water, and the whole production process of the lawn requires to ensure that the culture substrate has good structure, physicochemical properties and matched fertilizer and water management measures, so the method still has the defect of high production cost at present. Therefore, the method weakens the dependence of soilless culture on the substrate or thoroughly removes the lawn production substrate, stops the artificial supply of rich water in the culture process, and is the most ideal target in the current and future lawn production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a warm-season lawn non-matrixing cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed, which realizes the non-matrixing cultivation of the lawn and can grow the lawn under the conventional management of no fertilization, no irrigation, etc.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a warm-season lawn non-substrate cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed, which is characterized in that warm-season lawn grass seed stems are sown on the artificial floating bed and cultured in a water body;
covering a carrier on the artificial floating bed, wherein the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm;
the stem section of the warm-season turf grass seed comprises a stem section of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides.
Preferably, the concentration of total nitrogen in the water body is not more than 500mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus is not more than 100mg/L, and COD isCrIs not higher than 1500 mg/L.
Preferably, the stem section of the warm-season turf grass is provided with 3-5 nodes.
Preferably, the sowing amount of the warm-season turf grass seed stem sections is 30-40% of the coverage of the artificial floating bed.
Preferably, the culture process is performed with intermittent aeration, and the interval time is 8-10 h.
Preferably, the material of the artificial floating bed comprises PVC pipes, the diameter of the PVC pipes is 35-45 mm, the length of the artificial floating bed is 500-550 mm, and the width of the artificial floating bed is 400-450 mm.
Preferably, the water body comprises chemically-pollution-free aquaculture pond wastewater, urban domestic sewage, and eutrophic water bodies of reservoirs or rivers and lakes.
Preferably, the carrier comprises a fishing net or a gauze.
The invention provides a warm-season lawn non-substrate cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed, which is characterized in that warm-season lawn grass seed stems are sown on the artificial floating bed and cultured in a water body; covering a carrier on the artificial floating bed, wherein the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm; the stem section of the warm-season turf grass seed comprises a stem section of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides. The method provided by the invention realizes the matrix-free cultivation of the lawn, and the lawn can be grown under the conventional management of no fertilization, no irrigation and the like.
The results of the embodiments of the present invention show that: the method has the advantages that the method is completely free of matrix in the lawn cultivation production process, so that the lawn production cost can be greatly reduced, the complicated matrix treatment process in the matrix cultivation way can be omitted, the labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the labor force is saved.
Meanwhile, the plants cultivated in the invention are lawn grass with good ornamental value and application value, and by the combination of the artificial floating bed system and the eutrophic water body, a good water landscape can be formed under the conventional management measures of no fertilization, no irrigation and the like, and simultaneously, turf rolls or grass blankets with high economic value can be produced in a large-scale mode.
In addition, the invention utilizes the characteristic that the lawn grass competitively absorbs nutrient substances such as N, P and the like in the eutrophic water body and the adsorption effect of the root system thereof to achieve the double effects of restoring and purifying the aquaculture wastewater, the eutrophic reservoir, rivers and lakes and other water bodies, embodies the sustainable development idea of taking ecological restoration and economic benefits into consideration, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan structure view of an embodiment of an artificial floating bed system for warm-season lawn matrix-free cultivation, wherein a PVC pipe frame 1, a fishing net 2, a turnover box 3, a lawn 4, a stolon grass blanket 5, an oxygenation pump 6 and an aeration pipe 7;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of an artificial floating bed system for warm-season lawn matrix-free cultivation, wherein the PVC pipe frame 1, a fishing net 2, a turnover box 3, a lawn 4, a stolon grass blanket 5, an oxygenation pump 6, an aeration pipe 7 and air stones 8.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a warm-season lawn non-substrate cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed, which is characterized in that warm-season lawn grass seed stems are sown on the artificial floating bed and cultured in a water body; covering a carrier on the artificial floating bed, wherein the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm; the stem section of the warm-season turf grass seed comprises a stem section of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides.
In the present invention, the stem section of the warm-season turf grass species includes stem sections of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides, in the present invention, the seashore paspalum is preferably P055 seashore paspalum, and the eremochloa ophiuroides is preferably gan bei eremochloa. The invention has no special limit on the culture of the stem segments of the seashore paspalum and eremochloa ophiuroides, and the stem segments can be obtained by adopting a conventional culture method. In the invention, the stem section preferably has 3-5 nodes. The invention selects stem segments with 3-5 nodes to ensure high survival rate and uniform sowing.
In the invention, the material of the artificial floating bed preferably comprises a PVC pipe, and the diameter of the PVC pipe is preferably 35-45 mm, and more preferably 40 mm. The shape rule of the artificial floating bed is not particularly limited, the artificial floating bed can be prepared into a rectangle, a polygon or a circle, and the artificial floating bed can be prepared into a rectangle in the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein the length is preferably 500-550 mm, and the width is preferably 400-450 mm. In the invention, every two artificial floating beds are connected through ropes, and the placing amount of the artificial floating beds in the water body is preferably not more than 80% of the surface area of the water body.
In the invention, the carrier preferably comprises a fishing net or a gauze, and the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm, preferably 15mm, so as to bear the lawn. After the stem sections of the lawn are sowed, the artificial floating bed is covered with a carrier matched with the artificial floating bed in size.
In the invention, the concentration of total nitrogen in the water body is preferably not more than 500mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus is preferably not more than 100mg/L, and COD (chemical oxygen demand)CrThe concentration of (B) is preferably not higher than 1500 mg/L. In the present invention, the water body preferably includes chemically-pollution-free aquaculture pond wastewater, municipal sewage, and eutrophic water bodies of reservoirs or rivers and lakes. The lawn is cultured in the water body, so that a good water landscape can be formed under the conventional management measures of no fertilization, no irrigation and the like, the basal-free production of the lawn is achieved, and the double effects of restoring the eutrophic water body and purifying the water quality are realized.
In the invention, in the culture process, the water body is preferably subjected to intermittent aeration, and the intermittent time is preferably 8-10 h.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A warm-season lawn matrix-free cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting livestock and poultry wastewater which is cultured and fermented by the aquatic product without chemical pollution, and because the background level of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body is very high, the livestock and poultry wastewater is contained in a plastic turnover box 3 (inner dimension: 560X 460X 355(mm)) after being diluted by 10 times, the Total Nitrogen (TN) concentration of the diluted water body is 234.9mg/L, the Total Phosphorus (TP) concentration is 21.6mg/L, and the COD (chemical oxygen demand) isCrThe concentration is 584.6mg/L, the depth of the water body in the turnover box is not less than 300mm, and then the turnover box is placed in a greenhouse with open periphery so as to be beneficial to normal ventilation and cooling in high-temperature seasons in summer;
(2) selecting seashore paspalum (germplasm number P055) which has high lawn use value and good flooding resistance and is suitable for growing on the surface of eutrophic water as a non-matrix cultivation grass seed on a floating bed;
(3) PVC pipes with the diameter d of 40mm are made into a frame 1 shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', the frame is covered with a fishing net carrier 2 with the aperture phi of 15mm, and finally the artificial ecological floating bed with the specification of 550mm multiplied by 450mm is manufactured;
(4) planting seed stems: shearing the selected strong fresh stolons of the grass seeds by using a grass mower, processing the stolons into seed stem sections with 3-5 knots by using a lawn crusher, and directly and uniformly spreading the seed stem sections on a floating bedFishing net carrierOn the upper part, the sowing quantity of the seed stems is preferably that the coverage degree reaches 30 percent of the superficial area of the floating bed, and finally, the sowed grass stems are covered with fishing net sleeves matched with the floating bed in size;
(5) throwing the ecological floating bed planted with the grass stems in the step (4) into the eutrophic water body of the turnover box 3 in the step (1), and intermittently aerating the water body in the turnover box 3 by utilizing the oxygenation systems 6, 7 and 8 at intervals of 10 hours;
(6) the seed stems grow on the eutrophic water body for 40-45 days, the lawn coverage can be used as a lawn, the lawn 4 after being formed into the lawn can be packed up together with the floating bed, a 10mm root base is reserved, then overlong root systems are cut off, the lawn is a complete lawn or creeping stem grass blanket 5 after being taken off from the floating bed frame, the lawn can also be rolled into a turf roll, the lawn can be directly sold in the lawn market or used as a stock material for grass seed propagation, and the detached floating bed can be reused in later rounds of cultivation. The obtained lawn meets the index requirements for lawn in appearance color, density, uniformity, grass layer height and the like.
Example 2
A warm-season lawn matrix-free cultivation method based on an artificial floating bed comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selecting livestock and poultry wastewater which is cultured and fermented by the water production without chemical pollution, diluting by 10 times, placing in a plastic turnover box 3 (inner dimension: 560X 460X 355(mm)), and diluting water bodies TN, TP and CODCrThe concentrations are 234.9mg/L, 21.6mg/L and 584.6mg/L respectively, the depth of the water body in the turnover box is not less than 300mm, and then the turnover box is placed in a greenhouse with four open sides;
(2) selecting the Jiangxi Erichschnikoe grass (germplasm number E039) which has high lawn use value and good flooding resistance and is suitable for growing on the surface of the eutrophic water body as a floating-bed matrix-free cultivated grass seed;
(3) PVC pipes with the diameter d of 40mm are made into a frame 1 shaped like a Chinese character 'ri', the frame is covered with a fishing net carrier 2 with the aperture phi of 15mm, and finally the artificial ecological floating bed with the specification of 550mm multiplied by 450mm is manufactured;
(4) planting seed stems: shearing selected fresh stolons of robust grass seeds by using a grass mower, processing the stolons into seed stem sections with 3-5 knots by using a lawn crusher, then directly and uniformly sowing the seed stem sections on a floating bed gauze carrier, wherein the sowing amount of the seed stems is preferably that the coverage reaches 40% of the surface area of the floating bed, and finally covering a fishing net sleeve matched with the floating bed in size on the sowed grass stems;
(5) throwing the ecological floating bed planted with the grass stems in the step (4) into the eutrophic water body of the turnover box 3 in the step (1), and intermittently aerating the water body in the turnover box 3 by utilizing the oxygenation systems 6, 7 and 8 at intervals of 10 hours;
(6) the seed stems grow on the eutrophic water body for 35-40 days, the lawn coverage can be used as a lawn, the lawn 4 after the lawn is formed can be packed together with the floating bed, after the root base of the lawn grass is reserved for 10mm, overlong root systems are cut off, the lawn 4 is taken off from the floating bed frame to form a whole lawn or creeping stem grass blanket 5, the lawn or the creeping stem grass blanket can also be rolled into a turf roll, the lawn or the lawn can be directly sold in the lawn market or used as a seed material for grass seed propagation, and the detached floating bed can be repeatedly used in later rounds of cultivation. The obtained lawn meets the index requirements for lawn in the aspects of appearance color, density, uniformity, grass layer height and the like.
The embodiment can show that the method provided by the invention realizes the matrix-free cultivation of the lawn, can grow the lawn under the conventional management of no fertilization, no irrigation and the like, and achieves the double effects of repairing and purifying the aquaculture wastewater, eutrophic reservoirs, rivers and lakes and other water bodies by utilizing the characteristic that the grass plants absorb N, P and other nutrient substances in the eutrophic water body and the adsorption effect of root systems thereof.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A warm-season type lawn cultivation method without basal transformation based on artificial floating bed is characterized in that the warm-season type lawn grass seed stem section is broadcast on the artificial floating bed and cultured in water;
covering a carrier on the artificial floating bed, wherein the aperture of the carrier is 10-20 mm;
the stem section of the warm-season turf grass seed comprises a stem section of seashore paspalum and/or eremochloa ophiuroides.
2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of total nitrogen in the water body is not more than 500mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus is not more than 100mg/L, and COD isCrIs not higher than1500mg/L。
3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the stem section of the warm-season turfgrass has 3 to 5 nodes.
4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the stem section of the warm-season turfgrass is sown with a coverage of 30-40% of the surface area of the artificial floating bed.
5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation is performed with intermittent aeration for 8-10 hours.
6. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the artificial floating bed is made of PVC pipes, the PVC pipes have a diameter of 35-45 mm, the artificial floating bed has a length of 500-550 mm, and the artificial floating bed has a width of 400-450 mm.
7. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water body comprises chemically-pollution-free waste water of aquaculture ponds, municipal sewage, eutrophic water bodies of reservoirs or rivers and lakes.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier comprises a fishing net or a gauze.
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