CN110637673A - Industrial cultivation process of Dictyophora rubrovalvata - Google Patents
Industrial cultivation process of Dictyophora rubrovalvata Download PDFInfo
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- 241001313734 Dictyophora Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000890685 Dictyophora rubrovolvata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a dictyophora rubrovolvata industrial cultivation process which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a culture material; (2) preparing a culture medium; (3) inoculating; (4) culturing strains; (5) and (5) culturing dictyophora rubrovolvata. The invention realizes the industrial cultivation of Dictyophora rubrovalvata through a series of measures, uses a high temperature and high pressure resistant plastic bottle, and reduces the sterilization time; the full-automatic bottling machine is used, so that the production efficiency is improved; by matching the specific culture material with a low-temperature fruiting process, the biological conversion rate of later fruiting management can be improved by more than 10%, meanwhile, the quality of fresh mushrooms is greatly improved, and edible mushroom products meeting the current consumption concept are produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to an industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata.
Background
At present, the domestic dictyophora rubrovolvata cultivation process mainly comprises the steps of filling culture base materials into a container made of polyethylene plastics (17 x 33cm) through manual or semi-mechanized equipment, sterilizing at normal pressure and 100 ℃ for 48 hours, cooling, making a fungus supporting rod, transferring the fungus supporting rod to an inoculation chamber, inoculating, transferring to a culture warehouse, and cultivating for 120 days with covering soil. The process is mostly used by farmers, the production mode restricts the development of the bamboo fungus industry in China, and particularly the production mode has the following defects:
1. the labor cost is high, the production mode produces the fungus sticks by manual bagging or semi-mechanized bagging, the labor cost is high, the efficiency is low, the single efficiency of the current domestic advanced bagging machine is 500 bags/hour, and each machine can be operated by 6-8 persons.
2. The energy consumption is high, generally, the bamboo fungus production adopts larger particle wood chips as raw materials, the used container can only select 6-8-filament-thick polyethylene plastic bags, the polyethylene is not high-temperature resistant, the fungus sticks can only be sterilized by adopting a normal-pressure sterilization method, the temperature is usually 100 ℃ for 48 hours, and the energy consumption is high;
3. the culture period is long, a polyethylene plastic bag is used as a container for producing the bacteria sticks, the density of the bacteria sticks is high after the bacteria sticks are loaded, so that the oxygen content in the bacteria sticks is relatively low, and the culture period is generally 100-plus 120 days;
4. the pollution rate is high, because the polyethylene plastic bag is used as a container for producing the bacteria sticks, the bacteria sticks are easy to be damaged after the culture, other mixed bacteria infect the bacteria sticks, and the pollution rate of the whole batch is 30-40% after the culture is generally finished.
For example, in the case of the cultivation method of bagged sticks and soil covering of Dictyophora rubrovalvata disclosed in the patent application No. 201510840532, the cultivation period of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains is 100-.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dictyophora rubrovolvata industrial cultivation process, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
an industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: weighing 10-20% of pine sawdust with granularity less than 2mm, 20-30% of hardwood sawdust with granularity of 4-6mm, 20-30% of bagasse, 5-10% of rice bran, 15-20% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder according to weight percentage, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-35: 1;
(2) preparation of a culture medium: selecting a plastic bottle with the specification of 710-;
(3) inoculation: inoculating and inoculating solid strains into the culture medium in a sterile area, and inoculating 20-30g of strains in each bottle to obtain strain bottles;
(4) culturing strains: culturing the inoculated strain bottle in an environment with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 60-85 days;
(5) culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata: after mycelium of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains in the culture medium is mature, performing mycelium stimulation treatment to hang the old skin of the bottle mouth, and then transferring into a growing room to be covered with peat soil for culturing and fruiting to obtain Dictyophora rubrovalvata.
Further, in the step (1), 10% of pine wood chips with the granularity of less than 2mm, 30% of rotten hard miscellaneous wood chips with the granularity of 4-6mm, 30% of bagasse, 10% of rice bran, 15% of wheat bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder are weighed according to the weight percentage and then are uniformly mixed to obtain the culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30: 1;
further, in the step (1), the decomposition treatment of the decomposed hard mixed wood chips comprises the following steps:
a. building a pile: piling the hard miscellaneous wood chips into a fermentation pile of 10m multiplied by 10 m;
b. and (3) decomposition: spraying water to the fermentation pile 24h every day on day 1-10; introducing saturated steam into the center of the water-sprayed fermentation pile on days 3-20, and introducing the steam for 2h every day; and returning the fermented heap through steam once every 3 days on the 10 th to 30 th days, and spraying water for 3h to obtain the decomposed hard miscellaneous wood chips.
Further, in the step (2), the pH of the culture medium is between 6.0 and 6.5.
Further, in the step (2), autoclaving is adopted for 4-5 h.
Further, in the step (2), the specification of the plastic bottles is 750cc, and 550g of the culture material is added into each plastic bottle.
Further, in the step (5), the cultivation in the growth room is divided into 5 stages:
i, on days 1-10, the temperature of a fertility room is 16-18 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, no light is emitted, and intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 5min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min;
II, on days 10-11, the temperature of the breeding room is 12-14 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, the light is weak, and the intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 10-60min every 2min of ventilation;
III, on days 11-21, the temperature of the growing room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is not less than 95%, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5-20min and turning off the lamp for 60min, and intermittently ventilating: closing for 10min every 5min of ventilation; the light-on time is gradually increased;
IV, on 21-25 days, the temperature of the breeding room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 10-30min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 10min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min; the light-on time is gradually reduced;
v, in the harvesting period, the temperature of a growing room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the batch illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 60min every 5-10min of ventilation;
furthermore, in the III, IV and V stages, the temperature of the growing room is 10-12 ℃.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the nitrogen content of the culture material used by the invention is more in line with the biological characteristics of dictyophora rubrovolvata, and the mouth feel of the produced dictyophora rubrovolvata is closer to that of wild mushrooms;
2. the wood chip decomposition process designed by the invention can convert the hardgrog which cannot be used in factory production originally into nutrient substances which can be quickly utilized by hyphae, and meanwhile, the addition of the decomposed hardgrog is beneficial to reducing the cost and improving the biological conversion rate;
3. the plastic bottle used by the invention can resist high temperature, can realize mechanical full-automatic operation, can fill bottles in quantity of 2000 bottles per hour for each machine, and only needs 2 persons to watch, thereby improving the production efficiency and reducing the labor cost;
4. the invention adopts the high-pressure sterilization method for sterilization, shortens the sterilization time and reduces the energy consumption;
5. the culture material and the container used by the invention can improve the growth speed of dictyophora rubrovolvata hyphae and reduce the pollution rate, generally, the hyphae can grow full in 60-85 days, and the batch pollution rate is about 3% -7%.
In summary, the invention can realize the industrial cultivation of dictyophora rubrovolvata through a system measure, reduce the sterilization time by more than 40 hours by using a high-pressure resistant plastic bottle, provide the efficiency by more than 4 times by using a full-automatic bottling machine in a matching way, improve the biological conversion rate of later fruiting management by more than 10 percent by matching a specific culture material with a low-temperature fruiting process, greatly improve the quality of fresh mushrooms and produce edible fungus products conforming to the current consumption concept
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further limited by the following specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Example 1
An industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: weighing 10% of pine sawdust with the granularity of less than 2mm, 20% of hardwood sawdust with the granularity of 4-6mm, 20% of bagasse, 5% of rice bran, 15% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder according to the weight percentage, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25: 1;
(2) preparation of a culture medium: selecting a plastic bottle with the specification of 710cc, adding 500g of culture material into the plastic bottle, sterilizing, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a culture medium;
(3) inoculation: inoculating and inoculating solid strains into the culture medium in a sterile area, wherein each bottle is inoculated with 20g of strains to obtain a strain bottle;
(4) culturing strains: culturing the inoculated strain bottle in an environment with the temperature of 20 ℃ and the humidity of 60% for 85 days;
(5) culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata: after mycelium of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains in the culture medium is mature, performing mycelium stimulation treatment to hang the old skin of the bottle mouth, and then transferring into a growing room to be covered with peat soil for culturing and fruiting to obtain Dictyophora rubrovalvata.
Further, in the step (1), the decomposition treatment of the decomposed hard mixed wood chips comprises the following steps:
a. building a pile: piling the hard miscellaneous wood chips into a fermentation pile of 10m multiplied by 10 m;
b. and (3) decomposition: spraying water to the fermentation pile 24h every day on day 1-10; introducing saturated steam into the center of the water-sprayed fermentation pile on days 3-20, and introducing the steam for 2h every day; and returning the fermented heap through steam once every 3 days on the 10 th to 30 th days, and spraying water for 3h to obtain the decomposed hard miscellaneous wood chips.
Further, in the step (2), the pH of the culture medium is between 6.0 and 6.5.
Further, in the step (2), autoclaving is adopted for sterilization, and the sterilization time is 4 h.
Further, in the step (5), the cultivation in the growth room is divided into 5 stages:
i, on days 1-10, the temperature of a fertility room is 16-18 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, no light is emitted, and intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 5min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min;
II, on days 10-11, the temperature of the breeding room is 12-14 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, the light is weak, and the intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 10-60min every 2min of ventilation;
III, on days 11-21, the temperature of the growing room is 6-8 ℃, the humidity is not less than 95%, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5-20min and turning off the lamp for 60min, and intermittently ventilating: closing for 10min every 5min of ventilation; the light-on time is gradually increased;
IV, on 21-25 days, the temperature of the breeding room is 6-8 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 10-30min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 10min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min; the light-on time is gradually reduced;
v, in the harvesting period, the temperature of a growing room is 6-8 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the batch illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 60min every 5-10min of ventilation;
example 2
An industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: weighing 15% of pine sawdust with the granularity of less than 2mm, 25% of hardwood sawdust with the granularity of 4-6mm, 25% of bagasse, 8% of rice bran, 16% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder according to the weight percentage, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 26: 1;
(2) preparation of a culture medium: selecting a plastic bottle with the specification of 730cc, adding 550g of culture material into the plastic bottle, sterilizing, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a culture medium;
(3) inoculation: inoculating and inoculating solid strains into the culture medium in a sterile area, and inoculating 25g of strains in each bottle to obtain strain bottles;
(4) culturing strains: culturing the inoculated strain bottle in an environment with the temperature of 23 ℃ and the humidity of 65% for 70 days;
(5) culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata: after mycelium of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains in the culture medium is mature, performing mycelium stimulation treatment to hang the old skin of the bottle mouth, and then transferring into a growing room to be covered with peat soil for culturing and fruiting to obtain Dictyophora rubrovalvata.
Further, in the step (1), the decomposition treatment of the decomposed hard mixed wood chips comprises the following steps:
c. building a pile: piling the hard miscellaneous wood chips into a fermentation pile of 10m multiplied by 10 m;
d. and (3) decomposition: spraying water to the fermentation pile 24h every day on day 1-10; introducing saturated steam into the center of the water-sprayed fermentation pile on days 3-20, and introducing the steam for 2h every day; and returning the fermented heap through steam once every 3 days on the 10 th to 30 th days, and spraying water for 3h to obtain the decomposed hard miscellaneous wood chips.
Further, in the step (2), the pH of the culture medium is between 6.0 and 6.5.
Further, in the step (2), the sterilization adopts high-pressure sterilization, and the sterilization time is 4. And 5 h.
Further, in the step (2), the specification of the plastic bottle is 750 cc.
Further, in the step (5), the cultivation in the growth room is divided into 5 stages:
i, on days 1-10, the temperature of a fertility room is 16-18 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, no light is emitted, and intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 5min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min;
II, on days 10-11, the temperature of the breeding room is 12-14 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, the light is weak, and the intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 10-60min every 2min of ventilation;
III, on days 11-21, the temperature of the growing room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is not less than 95%, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5-20min and turning off the lamp for 60min, and intermittently ventilating: closing for 10min every 5min of ventilation; the light-on time is gradually increased;
IV, on 21-25 days, the temperature of the breeding room is 6-8 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 10-30min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 10min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min; the light-on time is gradually reduced;
v, in the harvesting period, the temperature of a growing room is 6-8 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the batch illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 60min every 5-10min of ventilation;
example 3
An industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: weighing 20% of pine sawdust with the granularity of less than 2mm, 30% of hardwood sawdust with the granularity of 4-6mm, 30% of bagasse, 10% of rice bran, 20% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder according to the weight percentage, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 35: 1;
(2) preparation of a culture medium: selecting a plastic bottle with the specification of 750cc, adding 600g of culture materials into the plastic bottle, sterilizing, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a culture medium;
(3) inoculation: inoculating and inoculating solid strains into the culture medium in a sterile area, wherein each bottle is inoculated with 30g of strains to obtain a strain bottle;
(4) culturing strains: culturing the inoculated strain bottle in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 70% for 60 days;
(5) culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata: after mycelium of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains in the culture medium is mature, performing mycelium stimulation treatment to hang the old skin of the bottle mouth, and then transferring into a growing room to be covered with peat soil for culturing and fruiting to obtain Dictyophora rubrovalvata.
Further, in the step (1), the decomposition treatment of the decomposed hard mixed wood chips comprises the following steps:
e. building a pile: piling the hard miscellaneous wood chips into a fermentation pile of 10m multiplied by 10 m;
f. and (3) decomposition: spraying water to the fermentation pile 24h every day on day 1-10; introducing saturated steam into the center of the water-sprayed fermentation pile on days 3-20, and introducing the steam for 2h every day; and returning the fermented heap through steam once every 3 days on the 10 th to 30 th days, and spraying water for 3h to obtain the decomposed hard miscellaneous wood chips.
Further, in the step (2), the pH of the culture medium is between 6.0 and 6.5.
Further, in the step (2), autoclaving is adopted for sterilization, and the sterilization time is 5 h.
Further, in the step (5), the cultivation in the growth room is divided into 5 stages:
i, on days 1-10, the temperature of a fertility room is 16-18 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, no light is emitted, and intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 5min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min;
II, on days 10-11, the temperature of the breeding room is 12-14 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, the light is weak, and the intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 10-60min every 2min of ventilation;
III, on days 11-21, the temperature of the growing room is 10-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5-20min and turning off the lamp for 60min, and intermittently ventilating: closing for 10min every 5min of ventilation; the light-on time is gradually increased;
IV, on 21-25 days, the temperature of the growing room is 10-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 10-30min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 10min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min; the light-on time is gradually reduced;
v, in the harvesting period, the temperature of a growing room is 10-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the batch illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 60min every 5-10min of ventilation;
example 4
Weighing 10% of pine wood chips with the granularity of less than 2mm, 30% of rotten hard miscellaneous wood chips with the granularity of 4-6mm, 30% of bagasse, 10% of rice bran, 15% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder in percentage by weight, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30: 1. The rest is the same as in example 2.
Example 5
Culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata, wherein the temperature of growth chamber in stage III, IV, and V is 10-12 deg.C, and the rest is the same as in example 2
The results of the Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation in examples 1 to 4 were counted and shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
It can be seen from the table that the cultivation time of dictyophora rubrovolvata is 26-30 days, and the growth period of the dictyophora rubrovolvata is shortened compared with that of the traditional cultivation method.
It should be noted that the above examples and test examples are only for further illustration and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not to be construed as further limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the invention which does not highlight essential features and significant advances made by those skilled in the art still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An industrial cultivation process of dictyophora rubrovolvata specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: weighing 10-20% of pine sawdust with granularity less than 2mm, 20-30% of hardwood sawdust with granularity of 4-6mm, 20-30% of bagasse, 5-10% of rice bran, 15-20% of bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder according to weight percentage, and then uniformly mixing to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-35: 1;
(2) preparation of a culture medium: selecting 710-780cc plastic bottles, adding 500-600g of compost into each plastic bottle, sterilizing, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a culture medium;
(3) inoculation: inoculating and inoculating solid strains into the culture medium in a sterile area, and inoculating 20-30g of strains in each bottle to obtain strain bottles;
(4) culturing strains: culturing the inoculated strain bottle in an environment with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and the humidity of 60-70% for 60-85 days;
(5) culturing Dictyophora rubrovalvata: after mycelium of Dictyophora rubrovalvata strains in the culture medium is mature, performing mycelium stimulation treatment to hang the old skin of the bottle mouth, and then transferring into a growing room to be covered with peat soil for culturing and fruiting to obtain Dictyophora rubrovalvata.
2. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), 10% of pine wood chips with a particle size of less than 2mm, 30% of rotted hardwood wood chips with a particle size of 4-6mm, 30% of bagasse, 10% of rice bran, 15% of wheat bran, 5% of corn flour and 1% of lime powder are weighed according to weight percentage and then are mixed uniformly to obtain a culture material; wherein the water content of the culture material is 62-64%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 30: 1.
3. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the decomposition treatment of decomposed hard wood chips comprises the following steps:
a. building a pile: piling the hard miscellaneous wood chips into a fermentation pile of 10m multiplied by 10 m;
b. and (3) decomposition: spraying water to the fermentation pile 24h every day on day 1-10; introducing saturated steam into the center of the water-sprayed fermentation pile on days 3-20, and introducing the steam for 2h every day; and returning the fermented heap through steam once every 3 days on the 10 th to 30 th days, and spraying water for 3h to obtain the decomposed hard miscellaneous wood chips.
4. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pH of the culture medium is 6.0-6.5.
5. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the plastic bottles have a size of 750cc, and 550g of compost is added into each plastic bottle.
6. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization in the step (2) is autoclaving, the temperature is 121-.
7. The industrial Dictyophora rubrovalvata cultivation process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the cultivation in the growing room is divided into 5 stages:
i, on days 1-10, the temperature of a fertility room is 16-18 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, no light is emitted, and intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 5min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min;
II, on days 10-11, the temperature of the breeding room is 12-14 ℃, the humidity is 97-99%, the light is weak, and the intermittent ventilation is performed: closing for 10-60min every 2min of ventilation;
III, on days 11-21, the temperature of the growing room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is not less than 95%, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5-20min and turning off the lamp for 60min, and intermittently ventilating: closing for 10min every 5min of ventilation; the light-on time is gradually increased;
IV, on 21-25 days, the temperature of the breeding room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the intermittent illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 10-30min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: closing for 10min every time ventilation is carried out for 10 min; the light-on time is gradually reduced;
v, in the harvesting period, the temperature of a growing room is 6-12 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the batch illumination is as follows: turning on the lamp for 5min and turning off the lamp for 60 min; intermittent ventilation: and closing for 60min every 5-10min of ventilation.
8. A culture in a growth chamber according to claim 7 wherein the temperature in the growth chamber during stages III, IV and V is between 10 ℃ and 12 ℃.
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