CN110635715A - Vehicle tire vibration energy collection device and vehicle - Google Patents

Vehicle tire vibration energy collection device and vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110635715A
CN110635715A CN201910935201.3A CN201910935201A CN110635715A CN 110635715 A CN110635715 A CN 110635715A CN 201910935201 A CN201910935201 A CN 201910935201A CN 110635715 A CN110635715 A CN 110635715A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
vehicle tire
fixing unit
magnet
piezoelectric element
cantilever beam
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Pending
Application number
CN201910935201.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张云顺
滕潇鹏
石小青
蔡英凤
郑仁成
盘朝奉
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu University filed Critical Jiangsu University
Priority to CN201910935201.3A priority Critical patent/CN110635715A/en
Publication of CN110635715A publication Critical patent/CN110635715A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/08Auxiliary drives from a ground wheel, e.g. engaging the wheel tread or rim
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • H02N2/188Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, which is arranged on a wheel hub spoke of a vehicle tire, and comprises: the piezoelectric element comprises a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric element, a first magnet and a second magnet; the first fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke and the tail part of the cantilever beam, and a first magnet is arranged on the head part of the cantilever beam; the cantilever beam is provided with a piezoelectric element; the second fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke and the second magnet, and the first magnet and the second magnet are correspondingly arranged to form a magnetic field; under the combined action of the magnetic field and the rotation of the wheel, the cantilever beam vibrates and deforms to enable the piezoelectric element to generate electric energy. The invention also discloses a vehicle, and the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device is arranged on the wheel hub spoke of the vehicle tire. By adopting the bistable structure, the invention has the advantages of simple structure and high power generation efficiency, improves the stability of the vehicle tire energy collecting device, reduces the requirement on road roughness and enlarges the vehicle speed range capable of collecting rotational energy.

Description

Vehicle tire vibration energy collection device and vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy collection, in particular to a vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device and a vehicle.
Background
During the running of the vehicle, energy is dissipated in various forms, accompanied by the rotation of the tyre. In order to collect this energy and convert it into electrical energy that can be used, researchers have proposed various solutions. The principles applied by these schemes are mainly piezoelectric, electromagnetic and electrostatic.
Most researchers have employed "piezoelectric" methods to collect energy in the rotating environment of a tire. Among them, researchers have proposed a "linear" mems energy recovery device that collects the impact energy of the ground on the tire and converts it into electrical energy. Electromagnetic, as a conventional method, is used by many researchers to collect tire energy by generating electric energy using a relative motion between a coil and a magnet. However, such devices are not effective at low vehicle speeds and require some degree of road surface roughness.
The electromagnetic energy collecting device utilizes a static structure on the inner side of the tire to fix a magnet on the tire, and a coil is fixed on a static part on the inner side of the tire to realize the relative movement of the coil and the magnet. The energy recovery device is convenient to design, simple in structure and easy to control output power during design. However, the electromagnetic energy recovery device is not high in energy recovery efficiency, depends on a high rotation speed of the tire, and is not good in effect at a low speed.
The electrostatic energy recovery device collects a current between the electrodes caused by a change in capacitance. Some researchers have proposed an electrostatic energy recovery device composed of an electret and an interdigital electrode. The device transmits the vibration of the tire to the interdigital electrode to cause the vibration of the interdigital electrode, repeatedly changes the gap between the interdigital electrode and the electret, and further causes the generation of current. Such energy harvesting devices are capable of outputting relatively large amounts of power. However, such a large output power is often dependent on a very small gap between the electret and the interdigital electrodes, and it is not easy to maintain such a very small gap, and it is difficult to maintain stability particularly under such complicated conditions as vehicle tires, and therefore the stability of such energy collecting devices is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device and a vehicle, which can improve the stability of the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, reduce the requirement on the roughness of a road surface and enlarge the vehicle speed range in which rotating energy can be collected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device is mounted to a wheel hub spoke of a vehicle tire, the vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device comprising: the piezoelectric element comprises a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric element, a first magnet and a second magnet;
the first fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke, the first fixing unit is fixedly connected with the tail part of the cantilever beam, and the head part of the cantilever beam is provided with the first magnet; the cantilever beam is provided with the piezoelectric element;
the second fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke, the second fixing unit is connected with the second magnet, and the first magnet and the second magnet are correspondingly arranged to form a magnetic field; under the combined action of the magnetic field and the rotation of the wheel, the cantilever beam vibrates and deforms to enable the piezoelectric element to generate electric energy.
Preferably, the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device further comprises an energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is mounted on a wheel hub spoke of the vehicle tire, the energy storage unit is connected with the piezoelectric element, and the energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element.
Preferably, the energy storage unit is a capacitor, and the capacitor is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric element.
Preferably, the vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus further comprises a conductive slip ring, the conductive slip ring comprising: the energy storage device comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, an inner ring wiring terminal and an outer ring wiring terminal, wherein the outer ring is sleeved on the inner ring, the outer ring wiring terminal is connected with the outer ring, the inner ring wiring terminal is connected with the inner ring, and the inner ring wiring terminal is further connected with the energy storage unit.
Preferably, the rotation center of the conductive slip ring is located at the same position as the axis of the wheel hub of the vehicle tire.
Preferably, a plurality of hub grooves are formed in a hub spoke of the vehicle tire, and the first fixing unit or the second fixing unit is provided in each hub groove.
Preferably, the first fixing unit and the second fixing unit are both lifting lugs.
Preferably, the cantilever beam is in a long strip shape.
Preferably, the piezoelectric element comprises two piezoelectric ceramic plates, and the two piezoelectric ceramic plates are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the cantilever beam.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also discloses the following technical scheme:
a vehicle comprises the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, and the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device is arranged on a wheel hub spoke of a tire of the vehicle.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device and a vehicle, wherein a structure that magnets are oppositely arranged is adopted to form opposite magnetic fields, and when the vehicle tire rotates or generates vibration energy, a piezoelectric element is pressed to deform through the deformation of a cantilever beam, so that a piezoelectric sheet generates electric energy to convert the vibration energy of the vehicle tire into the electric energy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure and mounting position of the vibration energy collecting apparatus for vehicle tires according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a first fixing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a second fixing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural view of the conductive slip ring of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
the device comprises a first fixing unit-1, a second fixing unit-2, a cantilever beam-3, a first magnet-4, a second magnet-5, a piezoelectric element-6, a vehicle tire-7, a wheel hub spoke-8, a wheel hub groove-9, a conductive slip ring-10, an energy storage element-11, an inner ring-12, an outer ring-13, an inner ring wiring terminal-14 and an outer ring wiring terminal-15.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device and a vehicle, which convert the vibration energy of a vehicle tire into electric energy, have simple structure and high generating efficiency, effectively improve the stability of the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, reduce the requirement on the roughness of a road surface and expand the vehicle speed range of the vehicle capable of collecting the rotation energy.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a structural view of the vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus of the present invention includes a first fixing unit 1, a second fixing unit 2, a cantilever beam 3, a piezoelectric element 6, a first magnet 4, and a second magnet 5.
The first fixing unit 1 is connected with the wheel hub spoke 8, and the first fixing unit 1 is fixedly connected with the tail part of the cantilever beam 3.
And a plurality of hub grooves 9 are formed in the wheel hub spoke 8, so that the positions of the first fixing unit 1 and the second fixing unit 2 can be conveniently adjusted.
The first fixing unit 1 and the second fixing unit 2 are disposed in the hub groove 9 and slide in the hub groove 9.
In this embodiment, the first fixing unit 1 is a lifting lug, and a specific structure thereof is as shown in fig. 3, the first fixing unit 1 includes a first metal plate and a second metal plate, one end of the first metal plate is perpendicularly connected to one end of the second metal plate, the first metal plate is provided with two holes for fixing the cantilever beam 3 and the piezoelectric element 6 by bolts, and the second metal plate is provided with two holes for fixing the first fixing unit 1 on the hub groove 9.
The second fixing unit 2 is connected with the wheel hub spoke 8, the second fixing unit 2 is connected with the second magnet 5, and the first magnet 4 and the second magnet 5 are correspondingly arranged to form a magnetic field; under the combined action of the magnetic field and the rotation of the wheel, the cantilever beam 3 vibrates and deforms to enable the piezoelectric element 6 to generate electric energy.
In this embodiment, the second fixing unit 2 is a lifting lug, and a specific structure of the lifting lug is shown in fig. 4, the second fixing unit 2 includes a third metal plate and a fourth metal plate, one end of the third metal plate is vertically connected to one end of the fourth metal plate, and the fourth metal plate is provided with two holes for fixing the second fixing unit 2 on the hub slot 9.
The head part of the cantilever beam 3 is provided with the first magnet 4; the cantilever 3 is provided with the piezoelectric element 6.
The cantilever beam 3 is in a long strip shape, and the length of the cantilever beam is 0.08 m; the specific parameters of the cantilever beam 3 are as follows: the damping coefficient was 0.08N/m/s and the stiffness was 152.7N/m.
When the vehicle is stationary and is not subjected to an external force, the first magnet 4, the second magnet 5, and the cantilever beam 3 are positioned on the same straight line.
Under the combined action of the repulsive force between the magnets and the gravity borne by the magnets, the first magnet 4 generates relative displacement, so that the piezoelectric element 6 is pressed and deformed to generate electric energy.
The long side of the cantilever beam 3 is the same as the diameter direction of the vehicle tyre 7, when the vehicle runs normally, the cantilever beam 3 bends to generate elastic force, and under the combined action of the elastic force and the repulsive force between the magnets, the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element 6 shows a nonlinear characteristic. When the distance d between the two magnets is adjusted to a proper value, the invention has two potential wells with equal depth to form a bistable nonlinear structure. The first magnet 4 and the second magnet 5 have the same parameters and have opposite poles to generate a repulsive force between the magnets.
Through analysis of a plurality of experiments, the distance d between the first magnet 4 and the second magnet 5 is suitably 5cm, and the energy collection efficiency of the energy collection device is highest.
The first magnet 4 and the second magnet 5 are Y26H-2 type sintered permanent magnetic ferrite magnets, and the specific parameters are as follows: the length is 30mm, the width is 20mm, the height is 20mm, the plating layer is chemical nickel, and the mass is 0.08 m.
The piezoelectric element 6 comprises two piezoelectric ceramic pieces, and the two piezoelectric ceramic pieces are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the cantilever beam 3.
The piezoceramics piece model is NAC2015, and its parameter characteristics are as follows: 10mm in length, 10mm in width and 2mm in height, a driving voltage of 150V, a displacement of 3.3 μm. + -. 15%, a capacitance of 760 nf. + -. 15%, a resonance frequency of 486 khz. + -. 20%, a rigidity of 1273N/μm. + -. 20%, and a thrust of 4200N. + -. 20%.
In order to store the electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element 6 and use it for storage in a battery or for powering various small sensors on the vehicle, the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting apparatus of the present invention further includes an energy storage element 11.
As shown in fig. 2, the energy storage element 11 is mounted on a wheel hub spoke 8 of a vehicle tire 7, the energy storage element 11 is connected with the piezoelectric element 6, and the energy storage element 11 is used for storing electric energy generated by the piezoelectric element 6. The energy storage element 11 is directly welded to the wheel hub by soldering.
In the present embodiment, the energy storage element 11 is a capacitor, which is connected in parallel with the piezoelectric element 6. The capacitor is mounted on a vehicle tire and directly soldered to the vehicle tire using a soldered connection.
The specific parameters of the capacitor are as follows: the model is AP-2R5J256UY, the capacity is 25F, the rated voltage is 2.5V, the surge voltage is 2.65V, the diameter is 16mm, the height is 34mm, and the foot width is 7.5 mm.
In order to realize the connection relationship between the invention and devices such as small-sized sensors or storage batteries on vehicles, the invention also comprises a conductive slip ring 10, and the structure of the conductive slip ring is shown in FIG. 5.
The conductive slip ring 10 includes: an inner ring 12, an outer ring 13, an inner ring lug 14, and an outer ring lug 15.
The outer ring 13 is sleeved on the inner ring 12, the outer ring wiring terminal 15 is connected with the outer ring 13, the outer ring wiring terminal 15 is further connected with various small sensors or storage batteries and other elements on the vehicle, the inner ring wiring terminal 14 is connected with the inner ring 12, and the inner ring wiring terminal 14 is further connected with the energy storage element 11; meanwhile, the rotation center of the conductive slip ring 10 is the same as the axis center position of the wheel hub of the vehicle tire 7.
The capacitor stores the electrical energy and further provides the electrical energy to various small sensors on the vehicle through the conductive slip ring 10 or stores the electrical energy in a battery or the like through the conductive slip ring for other uses.
In the conventional technology, most small sensors are powered by batteries, however, as the service time of the batteries is increased, the effective voltage of the batteries is gradually reduced, so that the sensitivity of the sensors is reduced, and the working state is influenced. When the energy collected by the invention is used for supplying power to various small sensors on the vehicle, the piezoelectric ceramic plate is firstly deformed to generate electric energy, then the electric energy is stored by the capacitor, and the electric energy is further output by the energy storage unit, so that the voltage output by the invention is stable voltage, the effective voltage cannot be reduced along with the increase of the power supply time, the sensitivity of the sensor is maintained, and the normal work of the sensor is ensured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention improves the stability of the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, reduces the requirement on the roughness of a road surface and enlarges the vehicle speed range of the vehicle capable of collecting rotation energy, and the invention also provides the vehicle.
The vehicle comprises the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, and the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device is arranged on a wheel hub spoke of a tire of the vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, the vehicle provided by the invention has the same beneficial effects as the vehicle tire vibration energy collecting device, and the details are not repeated.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device installs in vehicle tire's wheel hub spoke, its characterized in that, vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device includes: the piezoelectric element comprises a first fixing unit, a second fixing unit, a cantilever beam, a piezoelectric element, a first magnet and a second magnet;
the first fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke, the first fixing unit is fixedly connected with the tail part of the cantilever beam, and the head part of the cantilever beam is provided with the first magnet; the cantilever beam is provided with the piezoelectric element;
the second fixing unit is connected with the wheel hub spoke, the second fixing unit is connected with the second magnet, and the first magnet and the second magnet are correspondingly arranged to form a magnetic field; under the combined action of the magnetic field and the rotation of the wheel, the cantilever beam vibrates and deforms to enable the piezoelectric element to generate electric energy.
2. A vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 1 and further comprising an energy storage unit mounted to a wheel hub spoke of the vehicle tire, the energy storage unit being connected to the piezoelectric element, the energy storage unit being configured to store electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric element.
3. A vehicle tire vibration energy harvester according to claim 2, wherein the energy storage unit is a capacitor, the capacitor being connected in parallel with the piezoelectric element.
4. A vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 further comprising an electrically conductive slip ring, the slip ring comprising: the energy storage device comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, an inner ring wiring terminal and an outer ring wiring terminal, wherein the outer ring is sleeved on the inner ring, the outer ring wiring terminal is connected with the outer ring, the inner ring wiring terminal is connected with the inner ring, and the inner ring wiring terminal is further connected with the energy storage unit.
5. The vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device of claim 4 wherein the center of rotation of the electrically conductive slip ring is located at the same axial center as the wheel hub of the vehicle tire.
6. The vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device of claim 1 wherein a plurality of hub slots are defined in a hub spoke of the vehicle tire, and the first fixing unit or the second fixing unit is disposed in each hub slot.
7. A vehicle tire vibration energy harvester according to claim 1, wherein the first fixing unit and the second fixing unit are lifting lugs.
8. A vehicle tire vibration energy harvester according to claim 1 wherein the cantilever beam is elongate.
9. The vehicle tire vibration energy harvester of claim 1 wherein the piezoelectric element comprises two piezoceramic wafers, each of the two piezoceramic wafers being disposed on opposite sides of the cantilever beam.
10. A vehicle comprising the vehicle tire vibration energy harvesting device of any one of claims 1 to 9 mounted to a wheel hub spoke of a vehicle tire.
CN201910935201.3A 2019-09-29 2019-09-29 Vehicle tire vibration energy collection device and vehicle Pending CN110635715A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112787547A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-05-11 天津工业大学 Self-powered broadband energy collector for wheels

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102790547A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-11-21 天津大学 Bistable and double cantilever beam piezoelectric power generating device
CN102983780A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-03-20 西安交通大学 Tire vibration energy collecting device
CN104617816A (en) * 2015-03-01 2015-05-13 吉林大学 Conveniently mounted wheel vibrating energy capturing device
CN107856475A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-30 成都皆为科技有限公司 A kind of automatic generation wheel hub based on piezoelectric
CN109768735A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-05-17 天津大学 A kind of automobile rim broadband piezoelectric energy collecting device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102790547A (en) * 2012-07-18 2012-11-21 天津大学 Bistable and double cantilever beam piezoelectric power generating device
CN102983780A (en) * 2012-11-12 2013-03-20 西安交通大学 Tire vibration energy collecting device
CN104617816A (en) * 2015-03-01 2015-05-13 吉林大学 Conveniently mounted wheel vibrating energy capturing device
CN107856475A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-03-30 成都皆为科技有限公司 A kind of automatic generation wheel hub based on piezoelectric
CN109768735A (en) * 2019-01-21 2019-05-17 天津大学 A kind of automobile rim broadband piezoelectric energy collecting device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112787547A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-05-11 天津工业大学 Self-powered broadband energy collector for wheels
CN112787547B (en) * 2021-01-12 2022-05-24 天津工业大学 Self-powered broadband energy collector for wheels

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Application publication date: 20191231