CN110649763A - Electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion - Google Patents
Electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion Download PDFInfo
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- CN110649763A CN110649763A CN201910918637.1A CN201910918637A CN110649763A CN 110649763 A CN110649763 A CN 110649763A CN 201910918637 A CN201910918637 A CN 201910918637A CN 110649763 A CN110649763 A CN 110649763A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
- H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
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- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources and microminiature power generation, and particularly relates to a two-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration and linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, which is characterized in that: the device at least comprises a base, a rotor, a top cover, a spring, a thread rope, a magnet, a coil, a radial bearing and a ferromagnetic patch; the radial bearing is fixedly connected with the cylindrical shaft; the rotor is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the radial bearing; two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the top cover and the base to support the top cover to move up and down; a plurality of groups of magnets are fixed on the rotor; two ferromagnetic patches are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel; when external excitation acts on the top cover, the wire rope drives the rotor to rotate, the magnet fixed on the rotor and the coil generate relative motion, and electric energy is continuously output through the electromagnetic induction principle; the energy harvester has the characteristics of large output power, wide working frequency band, no influence of the placement direction, wide application range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources and microminiature power generation, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic energy harvester which converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, can convert mechanical energy in the environment into electric energy and supplies power to low-power-consumption devices such as portable electronic equipment, air quality monitoring devices, wireless sensors and the like.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of microfabrication technology and microminiaturization of electronic devices, low-power-consumption electronic devices such as wearable electronic devices, tunnel and bridge state monitoring devices, and the like have been emerging. At present, the devices mainly depend on the traditional batteries for power supply, but the batteries have the defects of high environmental pollution, need of periodic replacement, high cost and the like. Therefore, it is an important research area to find a new energy source to replace the traditional battery to supply power for low power electronic devices. An ideal energy solution is to capture the various forms of renewable energy (solar, wind, tidal, mechanical, etc.) that are present in the environment and convert it into electrical energy that can be used by miniature electronic devices.
Among the various renewable energy sources, the collection of solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, and the like is susceptible to factors such as time, weather, and terrain. In contrast, mechanical energy is widely distributed in nature and easy to collect, and becomes a main energy collection object of the existing energy harvesting and power generating device. The main principles of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy include electromagnetic induction, piezoelectric effect, electrostatic induction, and triboelectrification.
Typical electromagnetic energy harvesters are, for example, Kangqi Fan, Qinxue Tan, Haiyan Liu, Meiling Cai, Hengheng Qu in Smart Materials and Stuctures 2019, 28: 07LT01
"Harvesting energy from a winding vibration of a rotor suspended by a wire" ("Intelligent materials and structures"). The energy harvester designed by the article adopts a thread rope to suspend the rotor between the top cover and the base, and supports the top cover to move up and down by a spring. When external excitation acts on the top cover, the wire drives the rotor to vibrate in a torsional mode. Torsional vibration of the rotor causes relative motion between magnets embedded in the rotor and coils on the base, thereby generating electric energy through the principle of electromagnetic induction. The main defects of the energy harvester are that the torsional angle and the speed of the rotor are small, and the output power is low.
Typical electromagnetic Energy harvesters are, for example, Kangqi Fan, Meiling Cai, Fei Wang, Lihua Tang, Junrui Liang, Yipen Wu, Hengheng Qu, Qinxue Tan in Energy Conversion and management 2019,198:111820, written "winding-suspended and driven rotor for efficient ultra-low frequency mechanical Energy collection" rotor for Energy Conversion and management ". The electromagnetic energy harvester is designed to convert vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and drag motion is converted into high-speed rotary motion of a rotor through a wire rope, so that electric energy is generated based on an electromagnetic induction principle. The energy harvester has the characteristic of single degree of freedom, so that the working frequency range is narrow.
In the energy harvester, collision and friction exist between the rotor and the cylinder wall, so that energy loss is large, and output power is reduced; moreover, the energy harvester can only work under the condition of vertical installation, and the application range is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing energy harvesting technology and provides an electromagnetic energy harvester which is low in cost, easy to process, flexible in use mode, small in structural size and capable of converting ultralow-frequency vibration and linear reciprocating motion in the environment into high-speed rotary motion.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: an electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion is characterized in that: the magnetic bearing at least comprises a base, a rotor, a top cover, a spring, a thread rope, four magnets, four coils, a radial bearing and a ferromagnetic patch; the base comprises a cylinder bottom, a cylindrical cylinder, a plurality of cylindrical bulges, a cylindrical shaft and a first blind hole; the cylindrical barrel is vertical to the barrel bottom and is coaxial with the barrel bottom; the cylindrical shaft is cylindrical and is vertically and fixedly connected to the center of the base; the cylindrical bulges are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel and are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylindrical barrel; the first blind hole is arranged on the surface of the cylindrical barrel and is coaxial with the cylindrical barrel; the lower end of the spring is embedded in the base; the upper end of the spring is embedded in the top cover and is fixedly connected with the top cover in an interference fit manner; the wire rope penetrates through the top cover and the rotor; the four magnets are embedded in the side surface of the rotor; the four coils are sleeved on the cylindrical bulge of the base; the inner ring of the radial bearing is sleeved on the cylindrical shaft of the base and is fixedly connected with the base in an interference fit mode; the outer ring of the radial bearing is embedded in the rotor; the ferromagnetic patch is adhered to the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel of the base; when vibration and linear reciprocating motion excitation are applied to the top cover, the top cover moves downwards, and the thread rope is converted into a loose state from a tight state; at the moment, under the interaction of the magnetic force between the magnet and the ferromagnetic paster, the rotor rotates a certain angle relative to the top cover; when the external excitation is reversed, the rope is restored to a tight state under the action of the restoring force of the spring and drives the rotor to rotate reversely; the external excitation periodically acts on the top cover, and the rotor periodically rotates clockwise and anticlockwise alternately; in the rotation process of the rotor, relative motion is generated between the magnet fixed in the rotor and the coil fixed on the base, so that electric energy is continuously output through the coil based on the electromagnetic induction principle.
The rotor comprises a first small through hole, a second small through hole, a large blind hole and a groove; the first small through hole and the second small through hole are symmetrically distributed along the center of the rotor; the large blind hole is coaxial with the rotor; the grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor.
The ferromagnetic patches are adhered to the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel of the base, and are symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the cylindrical barrel.
The top cover comprises a second blind hole, a third small through hole and a fourth small through hole; the second blind hole is coaxial with the top cover; the third small through hole and the fourth small through hole are symmetrically distributed along the center of the top cover.
The upper end of the spring is embedded in the second blind hole of the top cover and is fixedly connected with the top cover in an interference fit mode; the lower end of the spring is embedded in a first blind hole in the cylindrical barrel of the base and is fixedly connected with the base in an interference fit mode.
The cord sequentially penetrates through the third small through hole, the first small through hole, the second small through hole and the fourth small through hole of the top cover.
The four magnets are respectively embedded in the four grooves of the rotor, and the magnetization directions of the four magnets are along the radial direction of the rotor.
The four coils are respectively sleeved on the four cylindrical bulges of the base.
The inner ring of the radial bearing is sleeved on the cylindrical shaft of the base and is fixedly connected with the base in an interference fit mode; the outer ring of the radial bearing is sleeved in the blind hole of the rotor and is fixedly connected with the rotor in an interference fit mode.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when vibration, linear reciprocating motion and other excitation are applied to the top cover, the top cover moves downwards, and the thread rope is converted into a loose state from a tight state; at this time, the rotor rotates by a certain angle (assuming that the rotation direction is clockwise) relative to the top cover under the interaction of the magnetic force between the magnet and the ferromagnetic patch. When the external excitation is reversed, the wire rope is restored to a tight state under the action of the restoring force of the spring and drives the rotor to rotate reversely. The external excitation acts on the top cover periodically, and the rotor rotates clockwise and anticlockwise alternately periodically. In the rotation process of the rotor, relative motion is generated between the magnet fixed in the rotor and the coil fixed on the base, so that electric energy is continuously output through the coil based on the electromagnetic induction principle.
Compared with the energy harvester, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention can convert vibration, linear reciprocating motion, pressing motion and the like into high-speed rotating motion of the rotor, thereby having high output power;
(2) the invention has the characteristics of two degrees of freedom and wide working frequency band;
(3) the invention is not limited by the installation direction, has wide application range and improves the application flexibility of the energy harvester;
(4) the invention eliminates the collision between the rotor and the cylinder wall through the bearing, greatly reduces the friction loss between the rotor and the cylinder wall, and is beneficial to improving the output power.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the top cover structure;
fig. 5 is an overall assembly diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a rotor; 3. a top cover; 4. a spring; 5. a cord; 6. a magnet; 7. a coil; 8. a radial bearing; 9. ferromagnetic patch.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, an electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotational motion at least comprises a base 1, a rotor 2, a top cover 3, a spring 4, a thread rope 5, four magnets 6, four coils 7, a radial bearing 8 and a ferromagnetic patch 9; the base 1 comprises a cylinder bottom 1-1, a cylindrical cylinder 1-2, a plurality of cylindrical protrusions 1-3, a cylindrical shaft 1-4 and first blind holes 1-2-1; the cylindrical barrel 1-2 is vertical to the barrel bottom 1-1 and is coaxial with the barrel bottom 1-1; the cylindrical shaft 1-4 is cylindrical, and the cylindrical shaft 1-4 is vertically and fixedly connected to the center of the base 1; the cylindrical protrusions 1-3 are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2, and the cylindrical protrusions 1-3 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2; the first blind hole 1-2-1 is arranged on the surface of the cylinder 1-2 and is coaxial with the cylinder 1-2; the lower end of the spring 4 is embedded in the base 1; the upper end of the spring 4 is embedded in the top cover 3 and is fixedly connected with the top cover 3 in an interference fit manner; the wire rope 5 penetrates through the top cover 3 and the rotor 2; the four magnets 6 are embedded in the side surface of the rotor 2; the four coils 7 are sleeved on the cylindrical bulges 1-3 of the base 1; the inner ring of the radial bearing 8 is sleeved outside the cylindrical shaft 1-4 of the base 1 and is fixedly connected with the base 1 in an interference fit manner; the outer ring of the radial bearing 8 is embedded in the rotor 2; the ferromagnetic patch 9 is adhered to the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2 of the base 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the base 1 comprises a cylinder bottom 1-1, a cylindrical cylinder 1-2, a plurality of cylindrical protrusions 1-3, a cylindrical shaft 1-4 and a first blind hole 1-2-1; the cylindrical barrel 1-2 is vertical to the barrel bottom 1-1 and is coaxial with the barrel bottom 1-1; the cylindrical shaft 1-4 is cylindrical, and the cylindrical shaft 1-4 is vertically and fixedly connected to the center of the base 1; the cylindrical protrusions 1-3 are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2, and the cylindrical protrusions 1-3 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2; the first blind hole 1-2-1 is arranged on the surface of the cylinder 1-2 and is coaxial with the cylinder 1-2;
as shown in fig. 3, the disc-shaped rotor 2 comprises a first small through hole 2-1-1, a second small through hole 2-1-2, a large blind hole 2-2 and a groove 2-3; the first small through hole 2-1-1 and the second small through hole 2-1-2 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the rotor; the large blind hole 2-2 is coaxial with the rotor 2; a plurality of grooves 2-3 are uniformly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the disc-shaped top cover 3 comprises a second blind hole 3-1, a third small through hole 3-2-1 and a fourth small through hole 3-2-2; the second blind hole 3-1 is coaxial with the top cover 3; the third small through hole 3-2-1 and the fourth small through hole 3-2-2 are symmetrically distributed along the center of the top cover 3.
The upper end of the spring 4 is embedded in the second blind hole 3-1 of the top cover and is fixedly connected with the top cover 3 in an interference fit manner; the lower end of the spring 4 is embedded in a first blind hole 1-2-1 on a cylindrical barrel 1-2 of the base 1 and is fixedly connected with the base 1 in an interference fit mode.
The cord 5 sequentially penetrates through the third small through hole 3-2-1, the first small through hole 2-1-1, the second small through hole 2-1-2 and the fourth small through hole 3-2-2 of the top cover 3.
The four magnets 6 are respectively embedded in the grooves 2-3 of the rotor 2, and the magnetization direction of the magnets 6 is along the radial direction of the rotor 2.
The coils 7 are respectively sleeved on the cylindrical bulges 1-3 of the base 1.
The inner ring of the radial bearing 8 is sleeved on the cylindrical shaft 1-4 of the base 1 and is fixedly connected with the base 1 in an interference fit manner; the outer ring of the radial bearing 8 is sleeved in the blind hole 2-2 of the rotor 2 and is fixedly connected with the rotor 2 in an interference fit mode.
The ferromagnetic patches 9 are adhered to the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel 1-2 of the base 1, and the ferromagnetic patches 9 are symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the cylindrical barrel 1-2.
When vibration, linear reciprocating motion and other excitation are applied to the top cover, the top cover moves downwards, and the thread rope is converted into a loose state from a tight state; at this time, the rotor rotates by a certain angle (assuming that the rotation direction is clockwise) relative to the top cover under the interaction of the magnetic force between the magnet and the ferromagnetic patch. When the external excitation is reversed, the wire rope is restored to a tight state under the action of the restoring force of the spring and drives the rotor to rotate reversely. The external excitation acts on the top cover periodically, and the rotor rotates clockwise and anticlockwise alternately periodically. In the rotation process of the rotor, relative motion is generated between the magnet fixed in the rotor and the coil fixed on the base, so that electric energy is continuously output through the coil based on the electromagnetic induction principle.
The parts of the present embodiment not described in detail are common means known in the art, and are not described here. The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims and any design similar or equivalent to the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electromagnetic energy harvester for converting vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion is characterized in that: the magnetic bearing at least comprises a base (1), a rotor (2), a top cover (3), a spring (4), a thread rope (5), four magnets (6), four coils (7), a radial bearing (8) and a ferromagnetic patch (9); the base (1) comprises a cylinder bottom (1-1), a cylindrical cylinder (1-2), a plurality of cylindrical protrusions (1-3), a cylindrical shaft (1-4) and a first blind hole (1-2-1); the cylindrical barrel (1-2) is vertical to the barrel bottom (1-1) and is coaxial with the barrel bottom (1-1); the cylindrical shaft (1-4) is cylindrical, and the cylindrical shaft (1-4) is vertically and fixedly connected to the center of the base (1); the cylindrical bulges (1-3) are fixed on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel (1-2), and the cylindrical bulges (1-3) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the cylindrical barrel (1-2); the first blind hole (1-2-1) is arranged on the surface of the cylinder (1-2) and is coaxial with the cylinder (1-2); the lower end of the spring (4) is embedded in the base (1); the upper end of the spring (4) is embedded in the top cover (3) and is fixedly connected with the top cover (3) in an interference fit manner; the wire rope (5) is connected with the top cover (3) and the rotor (2) in a penetrating way; the four magnets (6) are embedded in the side surface of the rotor (2); the four coils (7) are sleeved on the cylindrical bulges (1-3) of the base (1); the inner ring of the radial bearing (8) is sleeved outside the cylindrical shaft (1-4) of the base (1) and is fixedly connected with the base (1) in an interference fit manner; the outer ring of the radial bearing (8) is embedded in the rotor (2); the ferromagnetic patch (9) is stuck on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel (1-2) of the base (1); when vibration and linear reciprocating motion excitation are applied to the top cover, the top cover moves downwards, and the thread rope is converted into a loose state from a tight state; at the moment, under the interaction of the magnetic force between the magnet and the ferromagnetic paster, the rotor rotates a certain angle relative to the top cover; when the external excitation is reversed, the rope is restored to a tight state under the action of the restoring force of the spring and drives the rotor to rotate reversely; the external excitation periodically acts on the top cover, and the rotor periodically rotates clockwise and anticlockwise alternately; in the rotation process of the rotor, relative motion is generated between the magnet fixed in the rotor and the coil fixed on the base, so that electric energy is continuously output through the coil based on the electromagnetic induction principle.
2. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the rotor (2) comprises a first small through hole (2-1-1), a second small through hole (2-1-2), a large blind hole (2-2) and a groove (2-3); the first small through hole (2-1-1) and the second small through hole (2-1-2) are symmetrically distributed along the center of the rotor; the large blind hole (2-2) is coaxial with the rotor (2); the number of the grooves (2-3) is a plurality, and the grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor (2).
3. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the ferromagnetic patches (9) are pasted on the outer cylindrical surface of the cylindrical barrel (1-2) of the base (1), and the ferromagnetic patches (9) are symmetrically distributed relative to the axis of the cylindrical barrel (1-2).
4. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the top cover (3) comprises a second blind hole (3-1), a third small through hole (3-2-1) and a fourth small through hole (3-2-2); the second blind hole (3-1) is coaxial with the top cover (3); the third small through hole (3-2-1) and the fourth small through hole (3-2-2) are symmetrically distributed along the center of the top cover (3).
5. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the upper end of the spring (4) is embedded in the second blind hole (3-1) of the top cover and is fixedly connected with the top cover (3) in an interference fit manner; the lower end of the spring (4) is embedded in a first blind hole (1-2-1) on a cylindrical barrel (1-2) of the base (1) and is fixedly connected with the base (1) in an interference fit mode.
6. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the cord (5) sequentially penetrates through the third small through hole (3-2-1), the first small through hole (2-1-1), the second small through hole (2-1-2) and the fourth small through hole (3-2-2) of the top cover (3).
7. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the four magnets (6) are respectively embedded in the four grooves (2-3) of the rotor (2), and the magnetization directions of the four magnets (6) are along the radial direction of the rotor (2).
8. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the four coils (7) are respectively sleeved on the four cylindrical bulges (1-3) of the base (1).
9. The electromagnetic energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy harvester converts vibration or linear reciprocating motion into rotary motion, and is characterized in that: the inner ring of the radial bearing (8) is sleeved on the cylindrical shaft (1-4) of the base (1) and is fixedly connected with the base (1) in an interference fit manner; the outer ring of the radial bearing (8) is sleeved in the blind hole (2-2) of the rotor (2) and is fixedly connected with the rotor (2) in an interference fit mode.
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| CN201910918637.1A CN110649763B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Electromagnetic type energy harvester |
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| CN201910918637.1A CN110649763B (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Electromagnetic type energy harvester |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112865601A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 天津大学 | Electromagnetic type rotary vibration energy collector |
| CN110649763B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-07-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic type energy harvester |
| CN113992061A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Piezoelectric and electromagnetic mixed ultralow-frequency vibration energy collecting device |
| EP4220904A1 (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2023-08-02 | Enervibe LTD | Electromagnetic kinetic energy harvester |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110649763B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-07-23 | 西安电子科技大学 | Electromagnetic type energy harvester |
| CN112865601A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-28 | 天津大学 | Electromagnetic type rotary vibration energy collector |
| CN112865601B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2023-01-03 | 天津大学 | Electromagnetic type rotary vibration energy collector |
| CN113992061A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Piezoelectric and electromagnetic mixed ultralow-frequency vibration energy collecting device |
| CN113992061B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-07-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Piezoelectric and electromagnetic hybrid ultralow-frequency vibration energy collecting device |
| EP4220904A1 (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2023-08-02 | Enervibe LTD | Electromagnetic kinetic energy harvester |
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| CN110649763B (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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