CN103280910B - Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field - Google Patents

Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103280910B
CN103280910B CN201310142857.2A CN201310142857A CN103280910B CN 103280910 B CN103280910 B CN 103280910B CN 201310142857 A CN201310142857 A CN 201310142857A CN 103280910 B CN103280910 B CN 103280910B
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coil
connecting axle
generator
magnet
stator
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CN103280910A (en
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石庚辰
隋丽
杜琳
赵精晶
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a magnetoelectric micro electric generator of an axial magnetic field. The magnetoelectric micro electric generator consists of an electric generator part and a power source part, wherein the electric generator part adopts a disc type permanent micro electric generator structure with a single rotor and a power source is a turbine; the electric generator part comprises an electric generator shell, an upper stator, a lower stator, a coil and a central shaft; the stator consists of a magnet yoke and a magnet; the upper stator and the lower stator are respectively arranged in the shell through an annular bump on the inner surface of the shell; the upper magnet yoke and the lower magnet yoke respectively serve as an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate of the electric generator and the axial structure size of the electric generator can be effectively reduced; the coil serving as an electric generator rotor is positioned between the upper stator and the lower stator and is connected with the central shaft; and the turbine drives the coil to rotate through central shaft. The electric generator has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, high power density and high impact resistance.

Description

Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnetoelectricity type micro generator, be specifically related to a kind of magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field, belong to field of energy source developing technology.
Background technology
Rapidly, reducing of Mechatronic Systems volume, requires that energy resource supply device also wants miniaturized in microminiature Mechatronic Systems development in recent years.Micro-energy device can be divided into two large classes: very small chemical battery and micro generator.The subject matter that very small chemical battery exists at present is self-contained finite energy, and need regularly artificial makeup energy, self-supplying capacity is poor.Micro generator then can from environment active obtaining energy, belong to from transducer, do not need regularly artificial makeup energy, self is pollution-free simultaneously, thus has good development prospect.
The synchronous single-phase micro generator of desk permanent-magnet relies on wind turbine to transform wind energy and obtains environmental energy, is a kind of energy device of high-power energy density.This type of micro generator all adopts magnet yoke rotary type both at home and abroad at present, as axial-flow type pneumatic micro turbine electricity generation system, the variable reluctance micro generator of Univ California-Berkeley's design, the plane micro generator of research group's design of French LEG, the micro generator of the Cooperative Design of the georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology of the design of London Imperial College of Science and Technology, such micro generator volume is large, complex structure, transformation efficiency are low.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field, this electric generator structure be simple, volume is little, power density is large, threshold wind velocity is low, strong shock resistance.
Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field of the present invention, comprising: turbine, generator casing, upper magnet yoke, lower yoke, upper magnet, lower magnet, coil and central shaft; Wherein central shaft comprises connecting axle, middle connecting axle and lower connecting axle.
Described generator casing is the tubular construction of both ends open, is processed with annular protrusion in the centre position of generator casing 2 inner surface.
Described upper magnet yoke is the cylindrical structural with stepped centre bore; The end face of its side, place, large aperture is processed the annular groove for placing magnet, and the wall thickness at this annular groove outer circumference surface place is less than the thickness of generator casing inner surface annular protrusion; Described upper magnet yoke and upper magnet are as a whole by the magnetic force consolidation that attracts each other, and form the upper stator of generator; Described lower yoke and lower magnet adopt identical structure to form the lower stator of generator.
Described upper stator is arranged on the upper surface of generator casing inner annular projection; Described lower stator is arranged on the lower surface of generator casing inner annular projection; Wherein go up magnet and lower magnet is staggered relatively.
Described coil is the disc-shaped structure with centre bore, and it is between upper stator and lower stator, and coil and all have gap between upper magnet and lower magnet; The upper surface of described coil and lower surface respectively have an output line, and two output lines are coiled into two planar ring structure respectively at coil upper surface and lower surface centre bore periphery.
Described upper connecting axle is the multidiameter be made up of electric conducting material, and upper connecting axle is positioned at the centre bore of upper magnet yoke, the larger end of its diameter of axle and upper magnet yoke centre bore aperture major part matched in clearance; The loop configuration close contact that the end of the larger end of the diameter of axle of upper connecting axle is formed through centre bore and the coil upper surface output line of upper magnet yoke; Its diameter of axle passes the centre bore of upper magnet yoke from top compared with small end, and the shaft shoulder of upper connecting axle is relative with the shaft shoulder of upper magnet yoke centre bore, and between two shaft shoulders, install a circle ball; Along the lower surface female blind hole of heart processing belt wherein of upper connecting axle.
Described lower connecting axle is the multidiameter that electric conducting material is made, and it adopts the mode identical with upper connecting axle to be arranged in the centre bore of lower yoke; Wherein descend the loop configuration close contact that the end of the larger end of the connecting axle diameter of axle and coil lower surface output line are formed, its diameter of axle has gap compared with between the end of small end and the lower surface of lower yoke; At the female through hole of center processing belt of lower connecting axle, this through hole is through by the blind hole at hub of a spool hole and upper connecting axle center.
With externally threaded intermediate connecting shaft successively through lower connecting axle, coil and upper connecting axle, mate with the internal thread on lower connecting axle and upper connecting axle and be connected; Described coil is the rotor of generator.
Described turbine is coaxially fixed in connecting axle top and is positioned at part outside generator casing.
Described coil comprises m layer line circle, wherein m be more than or equal to 2 even number; Every layer line circle is single-phase, Concentrical winding planar toroidal coil.
In described coil, each layer line circle is that fan-shaped back-shaped coil forms around its axle center arranged adjacent by two or more profile, and each the back-shaped coil in each layer line circle is connected mutually.
The junction of described upper stator and lower stator and generator casing all adopts the installation form of interference fit.
Beneficial effect
Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field designed by the present invention adopts coil rotational structure, and the generator of this structure has that structure is simple, volume is little, power density is large and the advantage of strong shock resistance.Be specially:
(1) using upper magnet yoke and lower yoke as the upper and lower cover plate of generator, the axial arrangement size of generator can effectively be reduced.
(2) magnet of generator is arranged on the annular protrusion of enclosure, and impulsive force suffered by it is born by shell projection, improves the impact resistance of generator.
(3) adopt ball to replace bearing in the present invention, born guiding and the supporting role of connecting axle by ball, reduce axial dimension, reduce cost.
(4) by upper and lower connecting axle, ball, and two output loops that upper lower yoke is formed, simplify the structure;
(5) yoke and magnet attract each other after consolidation as stator in the present invention, not only form the magnetic loop needed for generator, also play the effect of centre of support axle, eliminate special supporting construction, simplify electric generator structure, the axial dimension of generator is reduced further.
(6) in micro generator of the present invention, the magnet in generator unit stator is supported by generator casing; By the relative motion position of ball determination rotating shaft and yoke, play supporting and guide effect; Rotor is the coil that quality is less, and these designs all contribute to improving the shock proof ability of generator.
(7) adopt single-phase, Concentrical winding planar multilayer coil, effectively can utilize the surface area of coil, increase the encirclement area of coil, thus improve the power density of output voltage amplitude and generator.Meanwhile, adopt planar coil can also reduce axial dimension, increase coil working place magnetic flux density, reach the object reducing volume and improve output voltage; Adopt single phase winding form to contribute to the energy loss reduced because rectification causes, can simplify rectification circuit, structure is simple, is applicable to plane machining, rate of finished products is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is turbo-power source operating diagram;
Fig. 2 is magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field structure chart of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 3 coil.
Wherein: connecting axle, 11-ball under connecting axle, 10-in 1-turbine, 2-generator casing, 3-upper magnet yoke, 4-lower yoke, the upper magnet of 5-, 6-lower magnet, 7-coil, the upper connecting axle of 8-, 9-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present embodiment provides a kind of magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field, and this micro generator structure is simple, volume is little, power density is large, strong shock resistance.
Described magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field is made up of micro generator and power source two parts, and its operation principle as shown in Figure 1.Wherein micro generator adopts the structure of desk permanent-magnet micro generator.The contrast of desk permanent-magnet micro generator has compared with other micro generators that structure is simple, volume is little, lightweight, efficiency is high and the advantage such as power density is large; Simple compact structure, can improve the impact resistance of magnetic micro generator.Power source adopts the turbine of wind drive.Turbine can obtain the wind energy in environment and be converted into the mechanical energy driving micro generator motion.Turbine continues to sway under the action of the forces of the wind, and the rotating torque of generation can drive micro generator rotor to sway, thus makes generator operation.
As shown in Figure 2, wherein micro generator part adopts the desk permanent-magnet micro generator structure of single rotor to the concrete structure of described magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field, comprises generator casing 2, upper stator, lower stator, coil 7 and central shaft; Wherein go up stator and comprise upper magnet yoke 3 and lower yoke 4; Lower stator comprises magnet 5 and lower magnet 6; Central shaft comprises connecting axle 8, middle connecting axle 9 and lower connecting axle 10.
Wherein generator casing 2 is the tubular construction of both ends open, is processed with annular protrusion in the centre position of generator casing 2 inner surface.
Upper magnet yoke 3 is cylindrical structural, and its centre bore is shoulder hole; The end face of its side, place, large aperture is processed the annular groove for placing magnet 5, and the wall thickness at this annular groove outer circumference surface place is less than the thickness of generator casing 2 inner surface annular protrusion.Described upper magnet yoke 3 and upper magnet 5 are as a whole by the powerful magnetic force consolidation that attracts each other, and form the upper stator of generator; Described lower yoke 4 and lower magnet 6 adopt identical structure to form the lower stator of generator.Described upper stator is arranged on the upper surface of generator casing 2 inner annular projection; Described lower stator is arranged on the lower surface of generator casing 2 inner annular projection; Wherein go up magnet 5 and lower magnet 6 is staggered relatively; Thus axial stabilizing magnetic field is set up between upper and lower two stators.The junction of upper stator and lower stator and generator casing 2 all adopts the installation form of interference fit.In this kind of version, magnet is by generator casing 2 as support, improves the impact resistance of generator.
Coil 7 is on generator casing 2 inside between stator and lower stator; And coil and all have gap between upper magnet 5 and lower magnet 6.The present embodiment coil 7 is for having the disc-shaped structure of centre bore, and its structure as shown in Figure 3.Coil 7 comprises m layer line circle, wherein m be more than or equal to 2 even number; Every layer line circle is single-phase, Concentrical winding planar toroidal coil.Each layer line circle is that fan-shaped back-shaped structure coil forms around its axle center arranged adjacent by multiple profile, and each back-shaped coil is connected mutually.The upper surface of coil 7 and lower surface respectively have an output line, and this output line surrounds into planar ring structure outside coil 7 centre of surface hole.Described coil 7 is the rotor of generator.Adopt the coil of this version, effectively can utilize the surface area of coil, increase the encirclement area of coil, thus improve the power density of output voltage amplitude and generator.Meanwhile, adopt planar coil can reduce axial dimension, increase coil working place magnetic flux density, reach the object reducing volume and improve output voltage; Adopt single phase winding form to contribute to the energy loss reduced because rectification causes, can simplify rectification circuit, structure is simple, is applicable to plane machining, rate of finished products is high.Each back-shaped coil is connected mutually, can produce larger output voltage.
Upper connecting axle 8 is the multidiameter be made up of electric conducting material, the diameter of the larger end of its diameter of axle is less than the aperture of upper magnet yoke 3 central stepped compared with macropore, the diameter of axle is slightly smaller than the aperture of upper magnet yoke 3 central stepped compared with aperture compared with the diameter of small end, thus is slidably matched with the comparatively keyhole formation of upper magnet yoke 3 central stepped.Described upper connecting axle 8 is positioned at the centre bore of upper magnet yoke 3, and makes the shaft shoulder of connecting axle 8 relative with the shaft shoulder of upper magnet yoke 3 central stepped.The loop configuration close contact that the larger end of the diameter of axle of upper connecting axle 8 is formed through the output line of the centre bore of upper magnet yoke 3 and the upper surface of coil 7.The diameter of axle passes the centre bore of upper magnet yoke 3 from top compared with small end.Between the shaft shoulder and the shaft shoulder of upper magnet yoke 3 shoulder hole of upper connecting axle 8, install one enclose ball, adopt ball replacement bearing here in the present embodiment, be conducive to the axial dimension reducing whole generator.Simultaneously along upper connecting axle 8 lower surface wherein the heart be processed with the female blind hole of band; The diameter of described blind hole is slightly larger than identical with the diameter of coil 7 centre bore.
Lower connecting axle 10 is similarly the multidiameter that electric conducting material is made, and it adopts the mode identical with upper connecting axle 8 to be arranged in the centre bore of lower yoke 4.Wherein descend the loop configuration close contact that the output line of the larger end of connecting axle 10 diameter of axle and coil 7 lower surface is formed; Gap is had between the lower surface of its diameter of axle compared with small end and lower yoke.At the female through hole of center processing belt of lower connecting axle 10, the diameter of described through hole is slightly larger than identical with the diameter of coil 7 centre bore, and this through hole is through by the blind hole at coil 7 centre bore and upper connecting axle 8 center.Upper connecting axle 8 and lower connecting axle 10 are remained between upper magnet yoke 3 and lower yoke 4 by ball.
Described intermediate connecting shaft 9 is processed with external screw thread, and coil 7 is enclosed within intermediate connecting shaft 9, and upper connecting axle 8 and lower connecting axle 10 are tightened in the upper and lower end of middle connecting axle 10 respectively by interior internal thread.Make the loop configuration close contact that connecting axle 8 and lower connecting axle 10 are formed with the output line in coil 7 upper and lower surface, and two output lines on upper and lower for coil surface and upper and lower connecting axle are tightly pressed together, to ensure the output line of coil and upper and lower connecting axle reliable contacts.Meanwhile, intermediate connecting shaft 9 also plays the insulating effect exported by generator between the two poles of the earth.
Wherein go up connecting axle 8, upper magnet yoke 3 and between ball form an output loop of generator, lower connecting axle 10, lower yoke 4 and between ball form another output loop of generator, the electric energy that two loops will generator coil produce is drawn.
In the present invention, two yokes and magnet not only form the magnetic loop needed for generator, also play the effect of centre of support axle, simplify the structure of generator, reduce the mechanism size of generator.
Described turbine 2 is coaxially fixed in the top that connecting axle 8 is positioned at part outside generator casing 2.
The operation principle of this micro generator is: under the blowing of wind, and turbine band central shaft and coil 7 produce rotary motion relative between upper and lower stator; On coil single back-shaped coil surround the change of the magnetic flux generating period in area, can induced electromotive force be produced in back-shaped coil; And by upper and lower connecting axle, ball, and the voltage that coil 7 produces by two output loops of upper lower yoke formation is drawn.
Generator of the present invention keep original axial magnetic field magnetoelectric generator advantage basis on, under identical generating capacity, can further simplified structure, improve impact resistance, reduction axial dimension, reduce costs.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field, it is characterized in that, comprising: turbine (1), generator casing (2), upper magnet yoke (3), lower yoke (4), upper magnet (5), lower magnet (6), coil (7) and central shaft; Wherein central shaft comprises connecting axle (8), middle connecting axle (9) and lower connecting axle (10);
The tubular construction that described generator casing (2) is both ends open, is processed with annular protrusion in the centre position of generator casing (2) inner surface;
Described upper magnet yoke (3) is for having the cylindrical structural of stepped centre bore; On the end face of its side, place, large aperture, processing is used for the annular groove placing magnet (5), and the wall thickness at this annular groove outer circumference surface place is less than the thickness of generator casing (2) inner surface annular protrusion; Described upper magnet yoke (3) and upper magnet (5) are as a whole by the magnetic force consolidation that attracts each other, and form the upper stator of generator; Described lower yoke (4) and lower magnet (6) adopt identical structure to form the lower stator of generator;
Described upper stator is arranged on the upper surface of generator casing (2) inner annular projection; Described lower stator is arranged on the lower surface of generator casing (2) inner annular projection; Wherein go up magnet (5) and lower magnet (6) is staggered relatively;
Described coil (7) is for having the disc-shaped structure of centre bore, and it is between upper stator and lower stator, and coil (7) and all have gap between upper magnet (5) and lower magnet (6); The upper surface of described coil (7) and lower surface respectively have an output line, and two output lines are coiled into two planar ring structure respectively at coil (7) upper surface and lower surface centre bore periphery;
Described upper connecting axle (8) is the multidiameter be made up of electric conducting material, upper connecting axle (8) is positioned at the centre bore of upper magnet yoke (3), the larger end of its diameter of axle and upper magnet yoke (3) centre bore aperture major part matched in clearance; The loop configuration close contact that the end of the larger end of upper connecting axle (8) diameter of axle is formed through centre bore and coil (7) the upper surface output line of upper magnet yoke (3); Its diameter of axle comparatively small end passes the centre bore of upper magnet yoke (3) from top, and the shaft shoulder of upper connecting axle (8) is relative with the shaft shoulder of upper magnet yoke (3) centre bore, and between two shaft shoulders, install circle ball (11); Along the lower surface female blind hole of heart processing belt wherein of upper connecting axle (8);
The multidiameter that described lower connecting axle (10) is made for electric conducting material, it adopts the mode identical with upper connecting axle (8) to be arranged in the centre bore of lower yoke (4); Wherein descend the loop configuration close contact that the end of the larger end of connecting axle (10) diameter of axle and coil (7) lower surface output line are formed, its diameter of axle has gap compared with between the end of small end and the lower surface of lower yoke (4); At the female through hole of center processing belt of lower connecting axle (10), this through hole is through by the blind hole at coil (7) centre bore and upper connecting axle (8) center;
With externally threaded intermediate connecting shaft (9) successively through lower connecting axle (10), coil (7) and upper connecting axle (8), mate with the internal thread on lower connecting axle (10) and upper connecting axle (8) and be connected; The rotor that described coil (7) is generator;
Described turbine (1) is coaxially fixed in connecting axle (8) top and is positioned at part outside generator casing (2).
2. the magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field according to right 1, is characterized in that, described coil (7) comprises m layer line circle, wherein m be more than or equal to 2 even number; Every layer line circle is single-phase, Concentrical winding planar toroidal coil.
3. the magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field according to right 2, it is characterized in that, in described coil (7), each layer line circle is that fan-shaped back-shaped coil forms around its axle center arranged adjacent by two or more profile, and each the back-shaped coil in each layer line circle is connected mutually.
4. the magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field according to right 1, is characterized in that, the junction of described upper stator and lower stator and generator casing (2) all adopts the installation form of interference fit.
CN201310142857.2A 2013-04-23 2013-04-23 Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field Active CN103280910B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106329996B (en) * 2016-09-29 2018-10-30 北京理工大学 A kind of piezoelectricity-magnetic electric compound micro generator
CN108155754A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-06-12 辽宁工业大学 Override type generator
CN114499098B (en) * 2022-03-10 2024-02-06 丹东华通测控有限公司 Micro-power generation method based on magnetic energy extraction of motor shell

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US5710476A (en) * 1995-01-31 1998-01-20 Interscience, Inc. Armature design for an axial-gap rotary electric machine
CN2814773Y (en) * 2005-07-27 2006-09-06 卢杨成 Magnetic system for magneto generator
CN102255403A (en) * 2011-07-18 2011-11-23 深圳市双环全新机电股份有限公司 Brushless motor with iron-core-free disc winding and axial magnetic field and manufacturing process thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4619179B2 (en) * 2005-03-31 2011-01-26 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ Rotating electric machine
WO2013051954A1 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-11 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Государственный Ракетный Центр Имени Академика В. П. Макеева Rotor for a wind energy installation with a vertical axis of rotation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5710476A (en) * 1995-01-31 1998-01-20 Interscience, Inc. Armature design for an axial-gap rotary electric machine
CN2814773Y (en) * 2005-07-27 2006-09-06 卢杨成 Magnetic system for magneto generator
CN102255403A (en) * 2011-07-18 2011-11-23 深圳市双环全新机电股份有限公司 Brushless motor with iron-core-free disc winding and axial magnetic field and manufacturing process thereof

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