WO2013051954A1 - Rotor for a wind energy installation with a vertical axis of rotation - Google Patents
Rotor for a wind energy installation with a vertical axis of rotation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013051954A1 WO2013051954A1 PCT/RU2011/000441 RU2011000441W WO2013051954A1 WO 2013051954 A1 WO2013051954 A1 WO 2013051954A1 RU 2011000441 W RU2011000441 W RU 2011000441W WO 2013051954 A1 WO2013051954 A1 WO 2013051954A1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnets
- cover
- base
- rotor
- matrix
- Prior art date
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to electrical engineering, is used to generate electricity in installations having low revolutions, in particular in wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation.
- Known gearless wind turbine with a vertical axis of rotation [1] contains a rotor with vertical blades, which is mounted on the running support nodes and made in the form of a torus. Relative to the vertical axis of each cross section of the torus, electromagnets and inductors are located symmetrically.
- the disadvantage of this invention is the complexity of the design and the difficulty of its use to produce electricity of high power.
- an electrodynamic machine which contains as a stator coil a group of two serpentine windings, each of which describes an arcuate segment of a circle. In each arcuate segment that forms the stator winding section, current appears in a separate phase. Serpentine windings cover plates with magnets.
- the disadvantage of this design is the difficulty in manufacturing, since the serpentine windings are made with a slit gap, where the magnets are located, while, to increase The generator efficiency, the gaps should be minimal, which is difficult to maintain when the gap is formed by wire harnesses.
- the magnetic flux is used inefficiently, since the magnetic lines are closed through a large air gap, and it is also difficult to perform an electrical angle of 120 ° between the phases of the winding.
- the problem to which the present invention is directed is the development of an electric generator of a simpler design with high efficiency.
- FIG. 1 general view of the electric generator
- FIG. 2 side view of the electric generator
- FIG. 3 view of the generator from above;
- FIG. 4 view of the stator from above;
- FIG. 9 the inner part of the matrix.
- the electric generator consists of a rotor 1 and a stator 2.
- Rotor 1 contains a base 3 and a cover 4, on which magnets 5 and 6 are rigidly mounted, respectively.
- the base 3 and the cover 4 are made of a magnetically conductive material.
- the internal cavity of the generator is closed by a casing 9.
- the magnets 5 on the base 3 and the magnets 6 on the cover 4 are clearly set against each other (Fig. 2) with opposite poles.
- the magnets are mounted in a ring with alternating poles (Fig. 3).
- Magnets 5 on the base 3 and magnets 6 on the cover 4 are installed with a gap, the value of which is equal to the radial clearance "B" (Fig. 7). In height, the magnets 5, 6 are made equal to the distance "E" between them in
- a three-phase coil 11 is made of wires.
- the coil 11 is located in the matrix 12 and is sandwiched between two annular plates 13 made of dielectric material.
- the coil 11 is made of three identical ring windings 14, which are stacked in the slots of the matrix 12.
- the matrix 12 consists of two parts - the outer part of the matrix 15 and the inner part of the matrix 16, which are made of dielectric material.
- the inner part of the matrix 15 and the outer part of the matrix 16 are made with radial grooves of the same width "B" and when these parts of the matrix are combined, the gaps between them are of the same width "B".
- gaps "D" are made in the assembled matrix between the inner part of the matrix 15 and the outer part of the matrix 16.
- the first of the three windings is laid in the plane of the matrix in the gaps “B” and “D” (Fig.6).
- Other windings are laid in gaps “B” and in the region of gaps “D” they have bends 17 on the outer part of the winding and bends 18 on the inner part of the winding.
- the generator made according to the invention is simpler in design, in addition, has a high efficiency.
- Patent RU 2 037 070 Gearless wind turbine with a vertical axis of rotation, priority 13.03.1992.
- Patent RU 2 064 082 Wind power installation, priority 02.16.1993.
- Patent RU 2 203 434 Wind turbine, priority 03.15.2000.
- Patent RU 2 331 792 Magnetoelectric reversed wind generator, priority September 19, 2006.
- Patent US 7646132 published January 12, 2010.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used for generating electrical energy in low-speed installations, in particular wind energy installations with a vertical axis of rotation. An electric generator for a wind energy installation is proposed comprising a stator, a rotor with a base and a cover, magnets, and a pancake coil. The magnets are arranged with a specific gap therebetween in a ring on the cover and on the base, and the pancake coil is mounted with a minimal gap between the magnets and is covered on both sides by annular plates. The pancake coil is comprised of three windings situated in radial gaps in a matrix. The matrix consists of an outer portion and an inner portion. The annular plates and the matrix are made from a dielectric nonmagnetic material, while the base and the cover of the rotor are made from a magnetically conductive material. The magnets on the cover and on the base are arranged so as to be of alternating polarity, and the oppositely-situated magnets on the cover and on the base also have opposite polarity. The proposed invention results in a simplified electric generator design for a wind energy installation with improved performance.
Description
РОТОР ВЕТРОЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКОЙ УСТАНОВКИ С ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОЙ VERTICAL ROTOR OF A WIND POWER INSTALLATION
ОСЬЮ ВРАЩЕНИЯ AXIS OF ROTATION
Изобретение относится к электротехнике, используется для выработки электроэнергии в установках, имеющих малые обороты, в частности в ветроэнергетических установках с вертикальной осью вращения. The invention relates to electrical engineering, is used to generate electricity in installations having low revolutions, in particular in wind turbines with a vertical axis of rotation.
Известны ветроэнергетические установки с генераторами [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Known wind power plants with generators [1,2,3,4,5,6].
Известный безредукторный ветроагрегат с вертикальной осью вращения [1] содержит ротор с вертикальными лопастями, который установлен на ходовых опорных узлах и выполнен в виде тора. Относительно вертикальной оси каждого поперечного сечения тора расположены симметрично электромагниты и индукторы. Known gearless wind turbine with a vertical axis of rotation [1] contains a rotor with vertical blades, which is mounted on the running support nodes and made in the form of a torus. Relative to the vertical axis of each cross section of the torus, electromagnets and inductors are located symmetrically.
Недостатком этого изобретения является сложность конструкции и трудность его использования для получения электроэнергии большой мощности. The disadvantage of this invention is the complexity of the design and the difficulty of its use to produce electricity of high power.
Более близким по технической сущности является электродинамическая машина [6], которая содержит в качестве катушек статора группу из двух змеевидных обмоток, каждая из которых описывает дугообразный сегмент круга. В каждом дугообразном сегменте, который образует секцию обмотки статора, появляется ток как в отдельной фазе. Змеевидные обмотки охватывают пластины с магнитами. Closer in technical essence is an electrodynamic machine [6], which contains as a stator coil a group of two serpentine windings, each of which describes an arcuate segment of a circle. In each arcuate segment that forms the stator winding section, current appears in a separate phase. Serpentine windings cover plates with magnets.
Недостатком этой конструкции является сложность в изготовлении, так как змеевидные обмотки изготавливаются с щелевым зазором, где расположены магниты, при этом, для повышения
КПД генератора, зазоры должны быть минимальными, что трудно выдержать, когда щель образована жгутами проводов. Кроме того, при таком расположении обмоток, магнитный поток используется неэффективно, так как магнитные линии замыкаются через большой воздушный зазор, а также трудно выполнить электрический угол в 120° между фазами обмотки. The disadvantage of this design is the difficulty in manufacturing, since the serpentine windings are made with a slit gap, where the magnets are located, while, to increase The generator efficiency, the gaps should be minimal, which is difficult to maintain when the gap is formed by wire harnesses. In addition, with this arrangement of the windings, the magnetic flux is used inefficiently, since the magnetic lines are closed through a large air gap, and it is also difficult to perform an electrical angle of 120 ° between the phases of the winding.
Задачей, на решение которой направлено настоящее изобретение, является разработка электрогенератора более простой конструкции с высоким КПД. The problem to which the present invention is directed, is the development of an electric generator of a simpler design with high efficiency.
Это достигается тем, что обмотки катушки выполнены кольцеобразной формы единым целым, причем плоская катушка обжата с двух сторон кольцевыми пластинами, а магниты охватывают катушку с двух сторон. This is achieved by the fact that the coil windings are made ring-shaped in a single unit, the flat coil being compressed on both sides by ring plates, and the magnets cover the coil on both sides.
Сущность изобретения поясняется чертежами, где показаны на: The invention is illustrated by drawings, where shown in:
- фиг. 1 общий вид электрогенератора; - FIG. 1 general view of the electric generator;
- фиг. 2 вид на электрогенератор сбоку; - FIG. 2 side view of the electric generator;
- фиг. 3 вид на электрогенератор сверху; - FIG. 3 view of the generator from above;
- фиг. 4 вид на статор сверху; - FIG. 4 view of the stator from above;
- фиг. 5 катушка статора в сборе; - FIG. 5 stator coil assembly;
- фиг.6 обмотка одной фазы катушки; - Fig.6 winding of one phase of the coil;
- фиг.7 матрица в сборе; - Fig. 7 matrix assembly;
- фиг.8 наружная часть матрицы; - Fig.8 the outer part of the matrix;
- фиг. 9 внутренняя часть матрицы. - FIG. 9 the inner part of the matrix.
Электрогенератор состоит из ротора 1 и статора 2. Ротор 1 содержит основание 3 и крышку 4, на которых жестко установлены магниты 5 и 6 соответственно. Основание 3 и крышка 4 выполнены из магнитопроводящего материала. Основание 3 с крышкой 4 соединено
болтами 7 через резьбовые втулки 8. Внутренняя полость генератора закрыта кожухом 9. Магниты 5 на основании 3 и магниты 6 на крышке 4 установлены четко один против другого (фиг.2) с разноименными полюсами. На основании 3 и крышке 4 магниты установлены по кольцу с чередующимися полюсами (фиг. 3). The electric generator consists of a rotor 1 and a stator 2. Rotor 1 contains a base 3 and a cover 4, on which magnets 5 and 6 are rigidly mounted, respectively. The base 3 and the cover 4 are made of a magnetically conductive material. Base 3 with cover 4 connected bolts 7 through the threaded bushings 8. The internal cavity of the generator is closed by a casing 9. The magnets 5 on the base 3 and the magnets 6 on the cover 4 are clearly set against each other (Fig. 2) with opposite poles. On the base 3 and the cover 4, the magnets are mounted in a ring with alternating poles (Fig. 3).
Магниты 5 на основании 3 и магниты 6 на крышке 4 установлены с зазором, величина которых равна радиальному зазору «В» (фиг. 7). По высоте магниты 5, 6 выполнены равной расстоянию «Е» между ними в Magnets 5 on the base 3 and magnets 6 on the cover 4 are installed with a gap, the value of which is equal to the radial clearance "B" (Fig. 7). In height, the magnets 5, 6 are made equal to the distance "E" between them in
окончательно собранном роторе (фиг.2). Магниты 5, 6 выполнены в плане в форме трапеции. finally assembled rotor (figure 2). The magnets 5, 6 are made in the plan in the form of a trapezoid.
Между магнитами 5, 6 с воздушным зазором 10 установлена трехфазная катушка 11, выполненная из проводов. Катушка 11 расположена в матрице 12 и зажата между двумя кольцевыми пластинами 13, выполненными из диэлектрического материала. Катушка 11 выполнена из трех одинаковых кольцевых обмоток 14, которые уложены в пазы матрицы 12. Матрица 12 состоит из двух частей - наружная часть матрицы 15 и внутренняя часть матрицы 16, которые выполнены из диэлектрического материала. Внутренняя часть матрицы 15 и наружная часть матрицы 16 выполнены с радиальными пазами одинаковой ширины «В» и при совмещении этих частей матрицы зазоры между ними такой же ширины «В». Кроме того, в собранной матрице выполнены зазоры «Д» между внутренней частью матрицы 15 и наружной частью матрицы 16. Between the magnets 5, 6 with an air gap of 10, a three-phase coil 11 is made of wires. The coil 11 is located in the matrix 12 and is sandwiched between two annular plates 13 made of dielectric material. The coil 11 is made of three identical ring windings 14, which are stacked in the slots of the matrix 12. The matrix 12 consists of two parts - the outer part of the matrix 15 and the inner part of the matrix 16, which are made of dielectric material. The inner part of the matrix 15 and the outer part of the matrix 16 are made with radial grooves of the same width "B" and when these parts of the matrix are combined, the gaps between them are of the same width "B". In addition, gaps "D" are made in the assembled matrix between the inner part of the matrix 15 and the outer part of the matrix 16.
Первая из трех обмоток проложена в плоскости матрицы в зазорах «В» и «Д» (фиг.6). Другие обмотки уложены в зазорах «В» и в районе зазоров «Д» имеют загибы 17 на наружной части обмотки и загибы 18 на внутренней части обмотки. The first of the three windings is laid in the plane of the matrix in the gaps "B" and "D" (Fig.6). Other windings are laid in gaps “B” and in the region of gaps “D” they have bends 17 on the outer part of the winding and bends 18 on the inner part of the winding.
Сборка электрогенератора осуществляется следующим образом.
Изготавливаются три одинаковые обмотки 14 из провода одинаковой длины. Затем каждая из обмоток 14 укладывается в следующие пазы «В» собранной матрицы. За счет того, что обмотки 14 укладываются в равномерно расположенные пазы одинаковой ширины «В» обеспечивается равномерный сдвиг между фазами катушки 1 1 в 120°. Для обеспечения более плотной укладки без выступов проводов, концы обмоток загибают в зазоры «Д». Затем обмотки поджимают с двух сторон кольцевыми пластинами 13, пластины скрепляют с помощью клея под давлением, тем самым обеспечивается плотная укладка обмоток 14, благодаря чему обеспечивается равномерный зазор между магнитами 5, 6 и катушкой 11. Assembly of the generator as follows. Three identical windings 14 are made from wires of the same length. Then, each of the windings 14 fits into the following grooves "B" of the assembled matrix. Due to the fact that the windings 14 are stacked in evenly spaced grooves of the same width "B", a uniform shift between the phases of the coil 1 1 in 120 ° is ensured. To ensure a more dense installation without protrusions of wires, the ends of the windings are bent into the gaps "D". Then the windings are pressed from both sides by ring plates 13, the plates are fastened with glue under pressure, thereby tightly stacking the windings 14, which ensures uniform clearance between the magnets 5, 6 and the coil 11.
Затем собранная катушка 1 1 устанавливается на статор 2, выдерживая минимальный воздушный зазор 10 между магнитами 5 на основании, затем устанавливают крышку 4 с магнитами 6, выдерживая тот же воздушный зазор 10, после чего болтами 7 закрепляют крышку. Then the assembled coil 1 1 is mounted on the stator 2, maintaining a minimum air gap 10 between the magnets 5 on the base, then a cover 4 with magnets 6 is installed, maintaining the same air gap 10, after which the cover is fixed with bolts 7.
Благодаря предложенному расположению магнитов 5, 6, обеспечивается замкнутый магнитный поток через крышку 4 и основание 3, при пересечении которого обмотками катушкиП, в ней возникает переменный трехфазный ток с электрическим углом в 120° между фазами. Due to the proposed arrangement of magnets 5, 6, a closed magnetic flux is provided through the cover 4 and the base 3, at the intersection of which by the windings of the coil П, an alternating three-phase current arises in it with an electric angle of 120 ° between the phases.
Электрогенератор, выполненный по предлагаемому изобретению более прост по конструкции, кроме того, обладает высоким КПД. The generator made according to the invention is simpler in design, in addition, has a high efficiency.
Источники информации. Information sources.
1. Патент RU 2 037 070, Безредукторный ветроагрегат с вертикальной осью вращения, приоритет 13.03.1992г. 1. Patent RU 2 037 070, Gearless wind turbine with a vertical axis of rotation, priority 13.03.1992.
2. Патент RU 2 064 082, Ветросиловая установка, приоритет 16.02.1993г. 2. Patent RU 2 064 082, Wind power installation, priority 02.16.1993.
3. Патент RU 2 203 434, Ветродвигатель, приоритет 15.03.2000г.
4. Патент RU 2 331 792, Магнитоэлектрический обращенный ветрогенератор, приоритет 19.09.2006г. 3. Patent RU 2 203 434, Wind turbine, priority 03.15.2000. 4. Patent RU 2 331 792, Magnetoelectric reversed wind generator, priority September 19, 2006.
5. Патент RU 80 516 U1, приоритет 11.09.2008г. 5. Patent RU 80 516 U1, priority September 11, 2008.
6. Патент US 7646132, опубликованный 12 января 2010г.
6. Patent US 7646132, published January 12, 2010.
Claims
1. Ротор ветроэнергетической установки с вертикальной осью вращения, содержащий ступицу, расположенную в центре вращения ротора, несущее кольцо, на котором вертикально установлены в два яруса лопасти, отличающийся тем, что лопасти соединены со ступицей гибкими растяжками, при этом узлы крепления гибких растяжек на ступице разнесены по высоте, причем гибкие растяжки, связанные с верхними узлами крепления на ступице, выполнены регулируемыми по длине, а гибкие растяжки, связанные с нижними узлами крепления на ступице, снабжены талрепами. 1. The rotor of a wind power installation with a vertical axis of rotation, containing a hub located in the center of rotation of the rotor, a bearing ring on which the blades are vertically mounted in two tiers, characterized in that the blades are connected to the hub by flexible braces, while the attachment points of the flexible braces on the hub spaced in height, moreover, the flexible extensions associated with the upper attachment points on the hub are made adjustable in length, and the flexible extensions associated with the lower attachment points on the hub are provided with lanyards.
2. Ротор по пЛ, отличающийся тем, что несущее кольцо вьтолнено.т нескольких сегментов. 2. The rotor according to the PL, characterized in that the bearing ring is filled. From several segments.
3. Ротор по п.1, отличающийся тем, что узлы крепления гибких растяжек, расположенных на ступице, снабжены поворотными пластинами с горизонтальной осью вращения,, при этом оси вращения поворотных пластин узлов крепления, установленных рядом, разнесены по высоте. 3. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the attachment points of the flexible extensions located on the hub are provided with rotary plates with a horizontal axis of rotation, while the rotational axes of the rotary plates of the attachment points mounted side by side are spaced apart in height.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103280910A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-09-04 | 北京理工大学 | Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field |
CN114388255A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-22 | 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase core type reactor core column height adjusting method |
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RU2045682C1 (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1995-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сальве" | Wind motor rotor |
RU37396U1 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-04-20 | Шалаев Вячеслав Степанович | WIND INSTALLATION |
US20040170501A1 (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2004-09-02 | Kazuichi Seki | Straight wing type wind and water turbine |
RU2347104C2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-02-20 | ООО "ГРЦ-Вертикаль" | Wind mill rotor with vertical axis of rotation (versions) |
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RU2045682C1 (en) * | 1993-03-26 | 1995-10-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сальве" | Wind motor rotor |
US20040170501A1 (en) * | 2001-11-08 | 2004-09-02 | Kazuichi Seki | Straight wing type wind and water turbine |
RU37396U1 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-04-20 | Шалаев Вячеслав Степанович | WIND INSTALLATION |
RU2347104C2 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2009-02-20 | ООО "ГРЦ-Вертикаль" | Wind mill rotor with vertical axis of rotation (versions) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103280910A (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-09-04 | 北京理工大学 | Magnetoelectric micro electric generator of axial magnetic field |
CN114388255A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-22 | 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase core type reactor core column height adjusting method |
CN114388255B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-03-15 | 保定天威保变电气股份有限公司 | Three-phase core type reactor iron core column height adjusting method |
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