CN111726026A - Combined type energy collector and wearable electronic equipment - Google Patents
Combined type energy collector and wearable electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111726026A CN111726026A CN201910211008.5A CN201910211008A CN111726026A CN 111726026 A CN111726026 A CN 111726026A CN 201910211008 A CN201910211008 A CN 201910211008A CN 111726026 A CN111726026 A CN 111726026A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined type energy collector and wearable electronic equipment. The composite energy collector comprises an upper main body and a lower main body, wherein the upper main body and the lower main body are oppositely arranged and form a cavity at intervals; go up the main part from top to bottom and include in proper order: a magnet, an upper electrode, and a friction film; lower main part from top to bottom includes in proper order: the piezoelectric sensor comprises a middle electrode, a piezoelectric film, an insulating layer with an induction coil and a lower electrode; the upper main body and the lower main body are contacted and rubbed with each other when being extruded by external force. The invention provides a power generation system with three coupling modes of piezoelectricity, friction and electromagnetism, the advantages of the three power generation modes are complementary, high voltage and current signals can be output, and the problems that the traditional single power generation mode is small in output power and not easy to use by a wearable electronic device of a human body are solved; the composite generator is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, easy to miniaturize, more stable and more convenient for a human body to wear electronic devices, and solves the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and poor practical stability of the existing composite generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion devices, in particular to a friction-piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined energy collector capable of adapting to external extrusion.
Background
With the increasing trend of energy cleaning and high efficiency, the related research work of the novel energy collecting device has made great progress in recent years. On the macroscopic aspect, the normal operation of the society and the daily life of people depend on the electric energy generated and transmitted by the conventional energy or the new energy; in microscopic terms, personal electronics, implantable biosensors, microelectromechanical systems, environmental monitoring sensors, and even as small as nano-robots, micro-motors, and the like, require independent, permanent energy supply devices to provide power.
Mechanical energy is currently converted into electrical energy, including electromagnetic induction, electrostatic induction, piezoelectric effect, and triboelectric generation. However, the power generation devices based on the single characteristic are all subject to different restrictions and limitations, such as: the generator based on the piezoelectric property has high output power and strong charging capability, but the output voltage is not high; the generator based on the friction characteristics is high in output voltage, but small in output current, narrow in output pulse width, weak in charging ability, and the like.
The combined type collecting device which skillfully combines the single characteristic power generation structure has high efficiency and wide application range, and is suitable for replacing the traditional single energy collecting device.
In this respect, like the chinese invention patent CN201610243461.0, friction-piezoelectric-magnetoelectric combined vibration micro energy collector, it suspends a magnet as the sensitive unit of the micro energy collector, improves the sensitivity of the sensitive part, thereby realizing the collection of mechanical energy; meanwhile, the piezoelectric, magnetoelectric and friction power generation units with complementary working modes are integrated, so that the high-efficiency acquisition of mechanical energy is realized. The collector sequentially comprises an electromagnet, a friction film, an electromagnetic induction coil, a piezoelectric layer and a structural base from the middle to two sides, and the electromagnetic layer adopts a magnetic suspension design, so that mechanical connection on a sensitive element in the traditional structure is avoided, and more tiny mechanical vibration can be induced; the piezoelectric layer adopts a structural design that one end of the piezoelectric layer is fixed and connected with an electrode, and the other end of the piezoelectric layer is supported in a staggered mode, and the displacement change of a sensitive element (a suspension magnet) is induced by utilizing the principle that like poles of a magnetic field repel each other, so that the piezoelectric film is deformed. The friction layer adopts a mode of stacking double-layer films, and the suspension magnet is used for vibrating and contacting the friction layer to induce charges between the two layers of friction films. But still has the problems of complex structure, difficult manufacture, difficult miniaturization and the like.
The invention further discloses an electromagnetic friction piezoelectric composite energy collector, as shown in chinese patent CN201710270093.3, specifically, permanent magnets are disposed on two sides inside a collector housing, a rotating shaft is connected with the housing through a bearing, an inward concave cantilever beam is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, two ends of the cantilever beam are respectively and fixedly connected to a hemispherical mass block, piezoelectric ceramics coated with a buffer layer are mounted inside the housing, a coil is wound on the cantilever beam, a second friction layer is attached to the coil, a first friction layer, a flexible piezoelectric material and an insulating filling layer are sequentially disposed at a corresponding position between the second friction layer and the housing, the collected energy is output through an external circuit of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, the first electrode layer is connected to the flexible piezoelectric material and the first friction layer, and the second electrode layer is disposed on the upper portion of the rotating shaft and is connected to the coil and. The device has the advantages that the vibration energy is converted into electric energy, the output energy is superposed and amplified, and the energy conversion efficiency of the device is further improved. But still has the problems of complex structure, difficult manufacture, high cost, difficult practicability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a power generation system with three coupling modes of piezoelectricity, friction and electromagnetism, realizes the advantage complementation of the three power generation modes, and can output high voltage and current signals, thereby solving the problems that the traditional single power generation mode has small output power and is not easy to be used by wearable electronic devices of human bodies; the composite generator is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, easy to miniaturize, more stable and more convenient for a human body to wear electronic devices, and solves the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and poor practical stability of the existing composite generator; according to the wearable electronic device, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by fully utilizing external pressure, and the three modes of piezoelectric, friction and electromagnetism are simultaneously acted to generate electricity by external force, so that the problem of long-term power supply of the wearable electronic device for a human body is solved.
The invention also provides wearable electronic equipment with the composite energy collector.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composite energy collector, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a combined type energy collector comprises an upper main body and a lower main body, wherein the upper main body and the lower main body are oppositely arranged and form a cavity at intervals;
go up the main part from top to bottom and include in proper order: a magnet, an upper electrode, and a friction film;
the lower main part from top to bottom includes in proper order: the piezoelectric sensor comprises a middle electrode, a piezoelectric film, an insulating layer with an induction coil and a lower electrode;
when the energy collector is extruded by an external force, the upper main body and the lower main body are in mutual contact friction to perform friction power generation, meanwhile, the pressure of the piezoelectric film changes to cause piezoelectric power generation, and the voltages at the two ends of the induction coil change to realize electromagnetic power generation.
As an improvement of the composite energy collector provided by the invention, the friction film is an electret film.
As an improvement of the composite energy collector provided by the invention, the thickness range of the electret film is 10 mu m-10 mm.
As an improvement of the composite energy collector provided by the invention, the thickness range of the insulating layer is 0.2mm-5 mm.
As an improvement of the composite energy harvester provided by the invention, the height of the cavity ranges from 10 μm to 100 mm.
As an improvement of the composite energy harvester provided by the invention, the upper main body further comprises an upper rigid carrier for carrying, and the lower main body further comprises a lower rigid carrier for carrying.
As an improvement of the composite energy collector provided by the invention, the upper main body and the lower main body are connected and supported through the elastic connecting piece.
As an improvement of the composite energy collector provided by the invention, the thickness ranges of the upper electrode, the middle electrode and the lower electrode are 1nm-2 mu m.
A wearable electronic device having a composite energy harvester as in any above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a composite energy collector adopting three coupling modes of piezoelectricity, friction and electromagnetism, which realizes the advantage complementation of the three power generation modes, enables the three modes of piezoelectricity, friction and electromagnetism to simultaneously generate power by external force and can output high voltage and current signals, and solves the problems that the traditional single power generation mode has small output power and is not easy to be used by wearable electronic devices of human bodies; the composite generator is simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low in cost, easy to miniaturize, more stable and more convenient for a human body to wear electronic devices, and solves the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and poor practical stability of the existing composite generator; according to the invention, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by fully utilizing external pressure, the problem of long-term power supply of the wearable electronic device for the human body is solved, when the external pressure acts on the device to move, the effective conversion from the mechanical energy to the electric energy can be realized, and the converted energy can be used for continuously supplying power to the wearable device for the human body.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the present application or prior art more clearly, a brief description of the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or prior art will be given below, it being clear that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application and that other drawings can be derived from them by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the composite energy harvester of the present invention, which is not being squeezed by an external force;
FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the composite energy harvester extruded by an external force;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the composite energy harvester of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the current and voltage tests of the piezoelectric portion Vp of the composite energy harvester of the invention;
FIG. 6 shows the friction part V of the composite energy harvester of the present inventionTA curve of the current, voltage test of (a);
FIG. 7 shows a cut magnetic induction portion V of the composite energy harvester of the present inventionMA curve of the current, voltage test of (a).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a composite energy harvester coupled with three power generation methods, namely piezoelectric, friction and electromagnetic, specifically, the composite energy harvester includes an upper body 100 and a lower body 200, the upper body 100 and the lower body 200 are oppositely disposed and form a cavity 300 at an interval to provide a space requirement for the relative movement of the upper body 100 and the lower body 200; further, the upper body 100 sequentially comprises from top to bottom: magnet 110, upper electrode 120, friction film 130, lower main part 200 includes from top to bottom in proper order: the energy collector comprises a middle electrode 210, a piezoelectric film 220, an insulating layer 230 with an induction coil 231 and a lower electrode 240, namely the friction film 130 corresponds to the middle electrode 210, when the energy collector is pressed by an external force, the upper main body 100 and the lower main body 200 are in mutual contact and friction to generate friction power, meanwhile, the pressure of the piezoelectric film changes to cause piezoelectric power generation, and the voltage at two ends of the induction coil changes to realize electromagnetic power generation.
In a specific implementation, when the energy collector is squeezed by an external force, the friction film 130 is in contact with the middle electrode 210 and moves relatively, frictional electrification occurs, and electric energy is output through the upper electrode 120 and the middle electrode 210. The friction film 130 is preferably but not limited to an electret film, which may be a PTFE electret film having a charge adsorption and separation effect to cause electrification of a material in friction contact and separation, and polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) may be used as the electret film, and the thickness of the electret film is preferably but not limited to 10 μm-10 mm.
In specific implementation, when the energy collector is squeezed by an external force, the piezoelectric film 220 in the lower main body 200 deforms to cause piezoelectric power generation, and electric energy is output through the middle electrode 210 and the lower electrode 240. The piezoelectric film 220 is preferably but not limited to a PVDF piezoelectric film 220, and may be a piezoelectric composite material (e.g., PDMS-BaTiO3, PVDF-BaTiO3, PDMS-ZnO, etc.).
In particular implementations, the purpose of the cavity 300 is to provide a suspended structure. When the energy collector is extruded by an external force, the cavity 300 is deformed correspondingly, the magnet 110 interacts with the induction coil 231 according to the cutting magnetic induction line effect, the voltage at the two ends of the induction coil 231 changes, and electric energy is generated and output through the two ends of the induction coil 231. Wherein the height of the cavity 300 is preferably, but not limited to, 10 μm to 100 mm. The thickness of the insulating layer 230 embedded with the induction coil 231 is preferably, but not limited to, 0.2mm-5mm, the closer the magnet 110 is to the induction coil 231, the stronger the magnetic field in the surrounding space, and the too thick insulating layer 230 causes the cutting magnetic induction line to be too weak, and the power generation amount to be greatly reduced.
The insulating layer 230 may be made of a flexible and highly elastic material, such as rubber tape, silicon gel, PDMS, etc., which is easily available and inexpensive, and the induction coil 231 is easily embedded therein, and the induction coil 231 is separated from the piezoelectric film 220 and the lower electrode 240 by the insulating layer 230 to reduce the energy loss of coupling.
Moreover, since the insulating layer is made of an elastic material and has a buffering function, the energy harvester can prevent the upper body 100 and the lower body 200 from being excessively contacted when being extruded by an external force. It should be noted that excessive rubbing and damage do not normally occur.
The magnet 110 is intended to provide a spatial electromagnetic field for the induction coil 231, thereby serving to cut the magnetic induction lines to generate electricity. Magnet 110 is the magnetic material that can produce the high-intensity magnetic field, such as natural magnetite, ferrite magnetic material, neodymium iron boron magnetism material, samarium cobalt magnetism material, alnico magnetism material, rare earth alloy or iron silicon alloy etc..
The shape of the induction coil 231 may be circular arc, circular, square, the number of coil layers may be one layer or multiple layers, and the coil material is generally copper wire, or various wires such as gold, silver, aluminum and alloy.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the upper electrode 120, the middle electrode 210 and the lower electrode 240 is preferably, but not limited to, 1nm-2 μm, and the materials are all metal or semiconductor materials with good conductivity and easy electron loss, such as gold, silver, platinum, copper, aluminum, titanium or tungsten; the semiconductor material comprises Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), III-V group compounds or highly doped silicon and the like, and the electrode can be formed by adopting an electron beam evaporation mode or a magnetron sputtering mode and the like. The thicknesses of the upper electrode 120, the middle electrode 210, and the lower electrode 240 may be the same or different, and may be set according to actual conditions.
Further, the upper body 100 further includes an upper hard carrier 140 for carrying, and the lower body 200 further includes a lower hard carrier 250 for carrying. Specifically, the other side of the magnet 110 is fixed on one side of the upper rigid carrier 140, and the lower electrode 240 is formed on one side of the lower rigid carrier 250. The upper hard carrier and the lower hard carrier can be made of hard materials such as acrylic plates.
Further, when the composite energy harvester is not pressed by an external force, the upper body 100 and the lower body 200 are connected and supported by the elastic connector 400, so that the cavity 300 is formed by the upper body 100 and the lower body 200 at a distance. The elastic connecting member 400 may be made of an elastic material such as PI or PET. The elastic connection member 400 may have a sheet structure, a corrugated structure, a columnar structure, or the like. In one embodiment, the two ends of the elastic connecting member 400 are connected to the upper rigid carrier 140 and the lower rigid carrier 250, respectively. The state of the composite energy collector when not being extruded by external force is shown in fig. 1, and the state of the composite energy collector when being extruded by external force is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the working principle of the composite energy harvester of the invention is as follows:
when the collector is pressed by the outside, the elastic connecting piece 400 is mechanically deformed to drive the upper main body 100 and the lower main body 200 to move relatively, and the friction film 130 and the middle electrode 210 are in mutual contact friction to realize friction power generation VT(the current and voltage curves are shown in FIG. 6), and the piezoelectric power generation V is caused by the pressure change of the piezoelectric film 220P(the current and voltage curves are shown in fig. 5), and at the same time, the cavity 300 will be deformed mechanically, and according to the cutting magnetic induction line effect, the voltage at the two ends of the induction coil 231 changes due to the interaction between the magnet 110 and the induction coil 231, so as to realize the electromagnetic power generation VM(the current and voltage curves are shown in figure 7), and further the power generation of the piezoelectric, friction and electromagnetic composite energy collecting device is realized.
Through the design, the invention provides a piezoelectric, friction and electromagnetic composite energy collector, namely a composite energy collector. When external pressure exerts acting force on the device, mechanical energy of the acting force is converted into electric energy, and due to the combined action of three mechanisms, namely, the piezoelectric, friction and electromagnetic modes are simultaneously acted to generate electricity by the external force, so that high-efficiency energy collection can be realized.
The invention can output high voltage and current signals by complementing the advantages of the three power generation modes, thereby not only solving the problems that the traditional single power generation mode has small output power and is not easy to be used by a wearable electronic device of a human body; the composite energy collector has the advantages of simple structure, reliable and easily-realized integral device framework, simple processing technology, low cost, high yield, batch production, easy industrialization, easy miniaturization, more stability, more convenient use for wearable electronic devices of human bodies, and solves the problems of complex structure, high manufacturing cost and poor practical stability of the existing composite generator.
According to the invention, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy by fully utilizing external pressure, the problem of long-term power supply of the wearable electronic device for the human body is solved, when the external pressure acts on the device to move, the effective conversion from the mechanical energy to the electric energy can be realized, and the converted energy can be used for long-term uninterrupted power supply of the wearable device for the human body.
It should be noted that the external force applied to the collector may be generated during use or applied by a user for power generation.
The invention also provides wearable electronic equipment which is provided with the composite energy collector to be used as a power supply device of the wearable electronic equipment. For example, when the wearable electronic device is a smart watch, the composite energy collector is embedded into a watchband of the smart watch, so that the composite energy collector converts mechanical energy generated by movement of the wrist into electric energy, supplies power to the smart watch, and realizes self-driving of the smart watch.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, but not restrictive, of the broad invention, and that the appended drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms and is provided for the purpose of enabling a thorough understanding of the disclosure of the application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without modification or with equivalents of some of the features described in the foregoing embodiments. All equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present application are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields and are within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A composite energy collector is characterized by comprising an upper main body and a lower main body, wherein the upper main body and the lower main body are oppositely arranged and form a cavity at intervals;
go up the main part from top to bottom and include in proper order: a magnet, an upper electrode, and a friction film;
the lower main part from top to bottom includes in proper order: the piezoelectric sensor comprises a middle electrode, a piezoelectric film, an insulating layer with an induction coil and a lower electrode;
when the energy collector is extruded by an external force, the upper main body and the lower main body are in mutual contact friction to perform friction power generation, meanwhile, the pressure of the piezoelectric film changes to cause piezoelectric power generation, and the voltages at the two ends of the induction coil change to realize electromagnetic power generation.
2. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the tribofilm is an electret film.
3. The composite energy harvester of claim 2, wherein the electret film has a thickness in the range of 10 μ ι η to 10 mm.
4. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the insulating layer has a thickness in a range of 0.2mm to 5 mm.
5. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the cavity has a height in the range of 10 μ ι η to 100 mm.
6. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the upper body further comprises an upper rigid carrier for carrying, and the lower body further comprises a lower rigid carrier for carrying.
7. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the upper body and the lower body are connected and supported by a resilient connecting member.
8. The composite energy harvester of claim 7, wherein the resilient connecting member is PI or PET.
9. The composite energy harvester of claim 1, wherein the upper, middle and lower electrodes have a thickness in the range of 1nm to 2 μ ι η.
10. Wearable electronic device, characterized in that it has a composite energy harvester according to any of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112311275A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 西安工程大学 | Wearable energy collector and preparation method of PDMS-BT film |
| CN114244056A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 西安交通大学 | Energy collector, device and method for collecting human motion energy |
| CN114301328A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-08 | 电子科技大学 | Superelasticity micro-nano energy collection and sensing integrated microsystem, manufacturing method and using method |
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2019
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112311275A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-02 | 西安工程大学 | Wearable energy collector and preparation method of PDMS-BT film |
| CN114244056A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-25 | 西安交通大学 | Energy collector, device and method for collecting human motion energy |
| CN114301328A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-08 | 电子科技大学 | Superelasticity micro-nano energy collection and sensing integrated microsystem, manufacturing method and using method |
| CN114301328B (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2023-08-08 | 电子科技大学 | Super-elastic micro-nano energy collection and sensing integrated micro-system, manufacturing method and using method |
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