CN111525837A - Single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device - Google Patents
Single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111525837A CN111525837A CN202010391451.8A CN202010391451A CN111525837A CN 111525837 A CN111525837 A CN 111525837A CN 202010391451 A CN202010391451 A CN 202010391451A CN 111525837 A CN111525837 A CN 111525837A
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- magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezo-electric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezo-electric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
Abstract
A single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device is characterized in that the fixed end of a cantilever beam carrier (10) is embedded into the side wall of a base (6); three bimorph piezoelectric elements are connected in series, are parallelly stuck on the upper surface of the cantilever beam carrier (10) at equal intervals and are connected with the D1 energy storage device (8). The vibrator magnet (5) is fixed below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier (10); the fixed magnet (4) is fixed on the top of the support rod and is right above the vibrator magnet (5). The magnet (4) and the vibrator magnet (5) are coaxial with the coil (7). When the cantilever beam carrier (10) is excited and vibrated by the outside, the vibrator magnet (5) moves along the vertical direction along with the vibration of the cantilever beam carrier and moves relative to the coil (7) to generate induced current; meanwhile, the vibrator magnet (5) and the coil (7) move relatively under the action of the ferromagnetic repulsive force of the fixed magnet (4), and the magnetic induction wire of the cutting coil (7) generates induction current. The generated induction electric energy is output to the two energy storage devices.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a vibration energy harvesting device.
Background
With the continuous development of microelectronic devices and wireless sensor network technologies, in a complex environment, a traditional chemical battery has a short service life, is not easy to replace and is easy to pollute the environment, and a renewable energy power supply form capable of stably supplying power for a long time is needed. The vibration energy collection technology has the advantages of simple structure, high output energy density and the like, can replace the traditional battery to solve the problem that the battery replacement is difficult to realize, can continuously supply power for electronic equipment, and improves the stability and the service life of devices.
The vibration energy is an energy form with higher energy density which can be captured in nature, and the current vibration energy collecting technology is mainly divided into four types: electromagnetic, piezoelectric, electrostatic and piezo-electromagnetic combinations. The electromagnetic vibration energy collecting equipment converts mechanical energy of relative movement of the magnet and the coil into electric energy by using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon; the piezoelectric vibration energy collecting system applies a piezoelectric effect to convert stress and strain applied to the piezoelectric element into electric charge output; the piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device combines two common vibration energy collecting modes, and the vibrator magnet is arranged at the tail end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, so that the defects of narrow vibration frequency band, low energy collecting efficiency and the like of a single-mode energy collecting structure are overcome, and the collected energy can meet the power supply requirement of a low-power device; the cantilever beam in a general form is only provided with one piezoelectric element, the collected voltage is small, and the energy density for collecting electric energy is low; only one magnet is arranged on the cantilever beam, and the collected vibration frequency band is narrow, so that the piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy collection system is produced for realizing the collection of higher energy. However, the existing composite energy collection system has a single function, and the collection efficiency cannot achieve a good effect due to the structural design. For example, patent 201711394522.4 "bistable piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite energy collection structure" adopts a circular arc cantilever beam, and piezoelectric elements are adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of the cantilever beam, so that the piezoelectric elements need a large amount of wiring and have poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device aiming at the problems of low energy collecting efficiency and single function. Meanwhile, the collection vibration frequency bandwidth is improved through the two repulsive magnets, and according to the electromagnetic induction law, the magnets generate induced electromotive force in the coil along with the vibration of the cantilever beam. And meanwhile, electric energy converted by the piezoelectric module and the electromagnetic module is collected to improve the output electric power of the vibration energy harvester.
The invention discloses a single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device which comprises a piezoelectric module, an electromagnetic module and a base.
The base is a cuboid with an open upper part and a concave section. The piezoelectric module comprises three bimorph piezoelectric elements, a D1 energy storage device and a cantilever beam carrier. The cantilever beam carrier one end is the stiff end, and the other end is the free end, and the stiff end of cantilever beam carrier inlays on a lateral wall of base, and three bimorph piezoelectric element equidistance parallel arrangement paste in the upper surface of cantilever beam carrier, and three bimorph piezoelectric element establish ties, are connected with D1 energy memory. The electromagnetic module comprises a vibrator magnet, a fixed magnet and a coil. The vibrator magnet is fixed in the below of cantilever beam carrier free end, and fixed magnet is fixed in the top of bracing piece, and the bracing piece is another lateral wall of base. The fixed magnet is positioned on the lower surface of the supporting rod and right above the vibrator magnet. The coil is fixed on the base bottom plate, and the fixed magnet, the vibrator magnet and the coil are coaxial. The coil is connected with a D2 energy storage device.
The supporting rod is provided with a section of thread distance adjusting structure, and the distance between the fixed magnet and the vibrator magnet can be adjusted through screws.
The materials of the double-crystal piezoelectric element are PZT-5H, and the models are the same. The cantilever beam carrier material is brass. The vibrator magnet and the fixed magnet of the electromagnetic module are both made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and have the same size.
The working process of the device of the invention is as follows: during working, the cantilever beam carrier is excited by the outside to vibrate, the bimorph piezoelectric element is driven to vibrate and deform, the vibrator magnet adhered below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier moves along the vertical direction along with the vibration of the cantilever beam carrier to generate induced current under the action of the coil, and the voltage of the induced current is measured by measuring the voltage at the two ends of the D1 energy storage device. Based on the piezoelectric effect principle of the piezoelectric element, when the piezoelectric element is deformed by external force, voltage is generated, and the voltage output by the piezoelectric element at the two ends is connected with the energy storage device through a lead. On the other hand, when the cantilever beam carrier vibrates, the cantilever beam carrier is subjected to the repulsive force of the fixed magnet below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier, the vibrator magnet and the coil move relatively, the magnetic induction wire of the cutting coil generates induction current, and the generated induction power is output and supplied to the D2 energy storage device to store power.
Compared with the prior art and the prior vibration energy harvester, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined type vibration energy collecting device disclosed by the invention adopts two power generation principles of a piezoelectric effect and an electromagnetic induction principle to collect energy, can improve the energy collecting efficiency, has strong practicability, can collect mechanical energy in a specific vibration mode, such as vortex-induced vibration, and collected electric energy can replace a chemical battery to supply power for a low-power electronic device, and belongs to an environment-friendly energy harvester.
2. The invention adopts the mode of piezoelectric element array arrangement, and the piezoelectric elements are connected in series, thereby increasing the electric charge output by the piezoelectric module, improving the energy acquisition efficiency, simultaneously improving the space utilization rate and reducing the volume of the device. The piezoelectric element adopts a double-crystal structure, and can generate larger charges under the condition of the same deformation amount compared with a piezoelectric single crystal piece, so that the electric energy output of the system is increased.
3. The invention adopts a piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite structure form, and the two magnets not only can generate electric energy, but also can improve the acquired vibration frequency, increase the bandwidth of the system, increase the deformation of the cantilever beam carrier and the piezoelectric element and increase the electric energy output of the system.
4. The invention adopts the double-crystal piezoelectric element to replace the common single-crystal piezoelectric element, and the double-crystal piezoelectric element is adhered to the upper surface of the cantilever beam carrier to reduce the weight of the piezoelectric cantilever beam. Compared with the patent 201711394522.4 in which two centrosymmetric cantilever beams are placed in a closed frame, the single-side fixed combined vibration energy collecting device designed by the invention can be fixed on a blunt body used for vortex-induced vibration, and is more suitable for the requirement of vortex-induced vibration energy collection in the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a cantilever beam carrying a piezoelectric element in a structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the vibrator magnet and coil in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the base structure.
In the figure, A is a first bimorph piezoelectric element, B is a second bimorph piezoelectric element, C is a third bimorph piezoelectric element, 4 is a fixed magnet, 5 is a vibrator magnet, 6 is a base, 7 is a coil, 8D1 is an energy storage device, 9D2 is an energy storage device, 10 is a cantilever beam carrier, and 11 is a thread pitch adjusting structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the single beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device of the present invention includes a piezoelectric module, an electromagnetic module, and a base 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the base 6 is a rectangular parallelepiped with an open upper portion and a concave cross section. The piezoelectric module comprises a first bimorph piezoelectric element A, a second bimorph piezoelectric element B, a third bimorph piezoelectric element C, D1, an energy storage device 8 and a cantilever beam carrier 10. One end of the cantilever beam carrier 10 is a fixed end, and the other end is a free end. The fixed end of the cantilever beam carrier 10 is embedded in one side wall of the base 6. The first bimorph piezoelectric element A, the second bimorph piezoelectric element B and the third bimorph piezoelectric element C are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and are adhered to the upper surface of the cantilever beam carrier 10, and the first bimorph piezoelectric element A, the second bimorph piezoelectric element B and the third bimorph piezoelectric element C are connected in series and are connected with the D1 energy storage device 8. The electromagnetic module comprises a vibrator magnet 5, a fixed magnet 4 and a coil 7. The vibrator magnet 5 is fixed below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier 10, and the fixed magnet 4 is fixed at the top of the supporting rod and is positioned on the lower surface of the supporting rod right above the vibrator magnet 5. The support bar is the other side wall of the base 6. The coil 7 is fixed to the bottom plate of the base 6. The fixed magnet 4, the vibrator magnet 5, and the coil 7 are coaxial. Coil 7 is connected to D2 energy storage device 9.
As shown in fig. 4, the support rod has a threaded distance adjustment structure 11, and the distance between the fixed magnet 4 and the vibrator magnet 5 can be adjusted by screws.
The first bimorph piezoelectric element A, the second bimorph piezoelectric element B and the third bimorph piezoelectric element C are all composed of three layers, the upper layer and the lower layer are piezoelectric sheets, the middle layer is a brass carrier, the upper layer and the lower layer output voltages with different polarities respectively, the three bimorph piezoelectric elements have the same size and are made of PZT-5H piezoelectric materials.
The vibrator magnet 5 and the fixed magnet 4 of the electromagnetic module are both made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and have the same size.
The electromagnetic module consists of a vibrator magnet 5, a coil 7, an energy storage device and a fixed magnet 4. The lower end of the coil 7 is fixed on the inner surface below the base, and the vibrator magnet 5 and the coil 7 are coaxially arranged; the fixed magnet 4 is fixed to the lower surface of the base. As shown in fig. 3, the vibrator magnet 5 is shown to be cylindrical, and the vibrator magnet 5 is coaxial with and located inside the coil; when the cantilever beam carrier 10 is excited and vibrated by the outside, the vibrator magnet 5 adhered below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier 10 moves along the vertical direction along with the vibration of the cantilever beam carrier 10 and moves relative to the coil 7, and the generated induced current is output for the energy storage device to use. Meanwhile, the vibrator magnet 5 is subjected to the ferromagnetic repulsive force of the fixed magnet 4 to perform relative motion.
The diameter of the coil 7 is twice of that of the vibrator magnet 5, and the coil 7 adopts a copper wire close winding mode. The vibrator magnet 5 and the fixed magnet 4 are all made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and are magnetized along the axial direction. The vibrator magnet 5 and the fixed magnet 4 repel each other.
When the cantilever beam carrier 10 works, the cantilever beam carrier 10 receives external excitation to vibrate, so that the first double-crystal piezoelectric element A, the second double-crystal piezoelectric element B and the third double-crystal piezoelectric element C are driven to deform, based on the piezoelectric effect principle of the piezoelectric elements, when pressure is applied to a piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric elements generate potential difference, the output voltage of the double-end piezoelectric element is output to the D1 energy storage device 8 through a lead, and the two ends of the D1 energy storage device 8 are respectively connected with the anode of the first double-crystal piezoelectric element A and the cathode of the third double-crystal piezoelectric element C through leads; on the other hand, when the cantilever beam carrier 10 is excited and vibrated by the outside, the vibrator magnet 5 and the coil 7 generate relative motion, the magnetic induction wire in the coil 7 is cut, induction current is generated, two ends of the coil 7 are connected with two ends of the D2 energy storage device 9, and the generated current is output and supplied to the D2 energy storage device 8 to store electric energy; meanwhile, when the vibrator magnet 5 vibrates, the vibration amplitude and the frequency of the cantilever beam, the piezoelectric element attached to the surface of the cantilever beam and the magnet are enhanced under the action of the repulsive force of the fixed magnet 4, and the energy density and the efficiency of the vibration energy collecting device can be effectively increased.
The invention simultaneously uses two power generation principles of electromagnetic induction phenomenon and piezoelectric effect, has high space utilization rate and can effectively collect the vibration energy in the environment. Compared with a multi-cantilever array structure, the single-cantilever structure is simple and effective in structure, saves space and can fully convert mechanical energy in a vibration form into electric energy. The collected electric energy can replace a chemical battery to supply power to a low-power system, especially can collect mechanical energy generated by vortex-induced vibration and convert the mechanical energy into electric energy to supply power to a small low-power consumption sensor during deep sea exploration in recent years, and is an energy collecting device applying renewable energy.
Claims (6)
1. A single-beam array type piezoelectric-electromagnetic combined vibration energy collecting device is characterized in that: the energy acquisition device comprises a piezoelectric module, an electromagnetic module and a base (6); the base (6) is a cuboid with an open upper part, and the cross section of the cuboid is concave; the piezoelectric module comprises a first double-crystal piezoelectric element A, a second double-crystal piezoelectric element B, a third double-crystal piezoelectric element C, D1 energy storage device (8) and a cantilever beam carrier (10); one end of the cantilever beam carrier (10) is a fixed end, and the other end is a free end; the fixed end of the cantilever beam carrier (10) is embedded into one side wall of the base (6); the first double-crystal piezoelectric element A, the second double-crystal piezoelectric element B and the third double-crystal piezoelectric element C are arranged in parallel at equal intervals and are adhered to the upper surface of the cantilever beam carrier (10), and the first double-crystal piezoelectric element A, the second double-crystal piezoelectric element B and the third double-crystal piezoelectric element C are connected in series and are connected with a D1 energy storage device (8); the electromagnetic module comprises a vibrator magnet (5), a fixed magnet (4) and a coil (7); the vibrator magnet (5) is fixed below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier (10); the fixed magnet (4) is fixed at the top of the supporting rod, is positioned on the lower surface of the supporting rod and is right above the vibrator magnet (5); the supporting rod is the other side wall of the base (6); the coil (7) is fixed on the bottom plate of the base (6); the magnet (4), the vibrator magnet (5) and the coil (7) are coaxial; the coil (7) is connected with a D2 energy storage device (9).
2. The single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the support rod is provided with a section of thread distance adjusting structure (11), and the distance between the fixed magnet and the vibrator magnet is adjusted through a screw.
3. The single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the first bimorph piezoelectric element A, the second bimorph piezoelectric element B and the third bimorph piezoelectric element C are all composed of three layers, the upper layer and the lower layer are piezoelectric sheets, the middle layer is a brass carrier, the upper layer and the lower layer output voltages with different polarities respectively, the three bimorph piezoelectric elements have the same size and are made of PZT-5H piezoelectric materials.
4. The single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the vibrator magnet (5) and the fixed magnet (4) of the electromagnetic module are both made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and have the same size.
5. The single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the coil (7) is twice of that of the vibrator magnet (5), and the coil (7) adopts a copper wire close winding mode; the vibrator magnet (5) and the fixed magnet (4) both adopt neodymium iron boron permanent magnets and are magnetized along the axial direction; the vibrator magnet (5) and the fixed magnet (4) repel each other.
6. The single beam array piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the vibrator magnet (5) is positioned inside the coil (7); when the cantilever beam carrier (10) is excited and vibrated by the outside, the vibrator magnet (5) adhered below the free end of the cantilever beam carrier moves along the vertical direction along with the vibration of the cantilever beam carrier and moves relative to the coil (7), and the generated induced current is output for the D1 energy storage device (8); meanwhile, the vibrator magnet (5) and the coil (7) move relatively under the action of the ferromagnetic repulsive force of the fixed magnet (4), the magnetic induction wire of the cutting coil (7) generates induction current, and the generated induction power is output and supplied to the D2 energy storage device (9) to store power.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114740347A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Energy and information fusion type vibration signal diagnosis sensing system |
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| CN104836478A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite low-frequency broadband energy harvester |
| CN107863904A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽理工大学 | Bistable state piezoelectricity-Electromagnetic heating collection of energy structure |
| CN108023502A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of beam type negative stiffness device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
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2020
- 2020-05-11 CN CN202010391451.8A patent/CN111525837A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103595295A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-02-19 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic/piezoelectric broadband vibration energy collector |
| CN104836478A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-12 | 北京理工大学 | Piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite low-frequency broadband energy harvester |
| CN107863904A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-03-30 | 安徽理工大学 | Bistable state piezoelectricity-Electromagnetic heating collection of energy structure |
| CN108023502A (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of beam type negative stiffness device for collecting piezoelectric vibration energy |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114740347A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-07-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Energy and information fusion type vibration signal diagnosis sensing system |
| CN114740347B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-02-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | Energy and information fusion type vibration signal diagnosis sensing system |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |
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