CN110627573A - Method for preparing special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using tea milli as raw material - Google Patents
Method for preparing special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using tea milli as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110627573A CN110627573A CN201911075441.7A CN201911075441A CN110627573A CN 110627573 A CN110627573 A CN 110627573A CN 201911075441 A CN201911075441 A CN 201911075441A CN 110627573 A CN110627573 A CN 110627573A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/007—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from derived products of animal origin or their wastes, e.g. leather, dairy products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by taking tea milli as a raw material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of tea hair, 10-20 parts of pine needle powder, 10-20 parts of egg shells, 10-20 parts of soybean dregs, 10-20 parts of peanut shells, 10-20 parts of rice husks, 5-10 parts of orange peels and 100-200 parts of rice washing water. The special fertilizer for improving soil hardening can increase organic matters of soil, improve soil properties, enhance water retention, fertilizer retention, water seepage, air permeability and permeability of soil, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, effectively improve crop yield, be suitable for jasmine planting, promote growth and flowering of jasmine and enhance disease resistance and stress resistance of jasmine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of jasmine fertilizer, in particular to a method for preparing a special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using tea milli as a raw material.
Background
Tea leaves are fine villi on the tea leaf bud tips, also called tea leaves, and contain rich theanine, tea polyphenol and other nutrient substances, and the index is an important index of tea leaf tenderness in many cases. Generally, the more tender a fresh leaf is, the more tea leaves are. Tea is common to many teas, especially green tea and black tea, such as Maojian tea. The description of the tea hair in the Chinese tea dictionary is as follows: single cell coverings with shoots and leaves projecting outward from epidermal cells on the back. The tea hair is a slender single cell, grows in the middle of basal cells and is in a round slender scroll shape. The tea ball contains rich chemical components and complete enzyme system, and can secrete aromatic substances with fragrance. Researches show that the tea hair is rich in crude fiber substances, the content of the crude fiber of the tea hair is 3-4 times of that of a tea body, and the tea hair also contains rich amino acid and other effective components such as theanine, tea polyphenol, caffeine and the like.
In the process of preparing the jasmine tea, green tea is generally adopted as a tea blank, a small number of green tea is adopted, and a lot of fluff falls off in the processing process of the green tea through the steps of rolling, spreading and drying in the air and the like, namely tea hair. Therefore, a plurality of tea hairs are also generated in the processing process of the jasmine tea. Many tea processing enterprises directly treat the tea milli as waste, and a few tea processing enterprises use the tea milli as fertilizer, which is a great waste for the tea milli. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of the tea hairs can change waste into valuable, can promote the development of the tea industry, and has good development prospect.
Jasmine (Latin name:Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait) The flowers of jasmine, upright or climbing shrubs of the genus Jasminum of the family Oleaceae, are extremely fragrant and are famous scented tea raw materials and important essence raw materials; the herbs of flowers and leaves are indicated for blood-shot eyes with swelling and pain, and also have the actions of relieving cough and resolving phlegm. Guangxi scented tea uses the jasmine produced in Guangxi horizontal county, which is the largest jasmine peanut producing base in China, and is named as 'the county of China jasmine' by the national forestry administration and the China floriculture Association. The largest application of the jasmine is to produce jasmine tea. The jasmine tea is one of ten famous tea in China, and is prepared by processing and scenting through a series of process flows according to the unique adsorption property of the tea and the aroma emitting characteristic of the jasmine. The Chinese medicine dictionary records: the jasmine flower has the effects of regulating qi, dispelling melancholy, removing dirt and regulating the middle warmer, and has good effects of diminishing inflammation and detoxifying for dysentery, abdominal pain, conjunctivitis, sore and the like. The jasmine tea not only keeps the bitter, sweet and cool effects of tea, but also is warm tea due to baking in the processing process, has various medical and health-care effects, can remove stomach discomfort, integrates tea and flower fragrance health care, and is popular with people.
The horizontal county flourishing jasmine is not only related to local planting habits, but also benefits from the unique geographical environment: the typical subtropical monsoon climate of the horizontal county has abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and high soil organic matter content, and is very suitable for jasmine peanut growth. However, through planting for many years, together with continuous use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides by flower growers for many years, soil hardening and acidification are caused, the diseases and insect pests of the soil become more serious, and the yield and the quality of jasmine are also affected. Therefore, the method has important significance for improving the soil for planting the jasmine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using tea leaves as a raw material, the fertilizer can improve soil properties, enhance the water retention, fertilizer retention, water seepage, air permeability and permeability of soil, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, and is suitable for jasmine planting.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by taking tea milli as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of tea hair, 10-20 parts of pine needle powder, 10-20 parts of egg shells, 10-20 parts of soybean dregs, 10-20 parts of peanut shells, 10-20 parts of rice husks, 5-10 parts of orange peels and 100-200 parts of rice washing water.
Specifically, the tea hair is tea fluff which falls off in the steps of rolling, spreading and airing, scenting and the like in the processing process of the jasmine tea, and is obtained after collection.
Specifically, the pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needle leaves cut from pine trees and carrying out the following steps: collecting fresh pine needles, placing the fresh pine needles in a cool and ventilated place, naturally drying for 7-10 days, removing leaves, chopping, placing the pine needles in an environment of 80-90 ℃ for drying until the water content is 8-12%, continuously crushing, and sieving by a sieve of 20-80 meshes to obtain the pine needle extract.
Specifically, the pine tree is one or more of Pinus massoniana, Pinus pumila, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus densiflora, Larix gmelini, Pinus sylvestris, spruce and fir.
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea milli as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the eggshells in the sun for insolation for 7-15 days, mashing the eggshells in the insolation process, and sieving the eggshells with a 20-80 mesh sieve for later use;
(2) drying the peanut shells, the rice husks and the orange peels until the water content is 10-15%, crushing, and sieving with a 20-80-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the egg shells, the peanut shells and the rice husks according to a proportion, then adding the pine needle powder and the soybean dregs, uniformly mixing, adding rice washing water, inoculating a proper amount of EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 5-15 days to obtain the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening.
After fermentation, the fertilizer special for jasmine is added with 10-30 times of water and applied to the soil at the root of jasmine, and can also be used in combination with other fertilizers.
Tea leaves are fine villi on the top of tea leaf bud tips, and are also called tea leaves. The tea ball contains rich chemical components and complete enzyme system, and can secrete aromatic substances with fragrance. Researches show that the tea hair is rich in crude fiber substances, the content of the crude fiber of the tea hair is 3-4 times of that of a tea body, and the tea hair also contains rich amino acid and other effective components such as theanine, tea polyphenol, caffeine and the like.
The pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needles cut from pine trees, drying and crushing. Pine needles are green and fragrant, have high nutritive value, and are rich in crude protein, fat, trace elements, vitamins and the like, and also rich in bioactive substances such as flavone, hormone, terpenoid and the like. According to the determination, the pine needle powder contains 7-12% of crude protein, 5.5-8.1% of total content of 18 amino acids such as lysine, aspartic acid and the like, 7-12% of crude fat, 37% of nitrogen-free extract and 2-6% of ash, and the pine needle powder contains provitamin A, B, C, K, E and the like. The trace elements of the fertilizer can reach more than 40 kinds, and the fertilizer is rich in copper, iron, manganese, zinc, cobalt and the like. In addition, the pine needle powder contains volatile oil, resin, chlorophyll, phytohormone, phytoncide and other bioactive substances, and can detoxify, kill parasite, and inhibit growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms.
The eggshell is the shell of the egg, can maintain moisture, can provide nutrients for flowers and plants, and can ensure that the soil has good permeability. The eggshell is naturally formed. The eggshell is detected by modern various scientific means to contain 83-85% of calcium carbonate and 15-17% of protein, and contains various trace elements such as zinc, copper, manganese, iron, selenium and the like. The eggshell is transformed in the soil to decompose the nutrient substances required by the plant, can well promote the growth of the plant, can also prevent fungal diseases and repel pests.
The soybean residue is residue of soybean after soybean milk is squeezed. The soybean dregs contain rich nutrients such as protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, fat, lysine, soybean isoflavone, soyasaponin, soybean phospholipid and various minerals. The soybean dregs are a good fertilizer for flower plants after fermentation, and can promote the growth of flowers and increase the flowering quantity.
The peanut shell is the shell of the peanut. Peanut shells are common in rural areas, most farmers treat the peanut shells as garbage, some of the peanut shells are directly burnt, and the peanut shells are even directly thrown away, so that the peanut shells cannot be well utilized and are very wasted. The plants are all precious, and more benefits can be brought to farmers through scientific treatment. The peanut shell contains 90.3% of dry substances in nutritional ingredients, wherein 4.8-7.2% of crude protein, 1-1.1% of crude fat, 65.7-79.3% of crude cellulose, 10.1% of hemicellulose and 10.6-21.2% of soluble carbohydrate, and in addition, the peanut shell also contains vitamins, minerals and partial amino acids.
The rice husk is also called rice seed husk and rice husk, and the outer layer of the rice is a layer of husk. During rice processing, a large amount of rice husks are produced, and about 200 kg of rice husks can be produced per ton of rice. The rice husk is rich in cellulose, lignin and silicon dioxide, and has good toughness, porosity, low density and rough texture.
Orange peel (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) Mature pericarp of Rutaceae plant orange and its cultivar has insect-proof and deodorant effects.
The rice washing water is the water after rice washing. The rice washing water is acidic, and has a pH value of 5.5-6. The rice has nutrients such as vitamins and inorganic salts in the surface, and is particularly easily dissolved in water during washing rice. Tests show that after rice grains are kneaded and washed in water once, the protein content is lost by 4%, the fat content is lost by 10%, and the inorganic salt content is lost by 5%. The rice washing water is used for watering flowers and trees, so that the leaves, stems, flowers and trees are strong, and the flower color is bright. However, if rice washing water is directly used for watering flowers, insects are easily attracted, and the rice washing water and other raw materials of the invention are fermented to be used as jasmine fertilizer, so that the fertilizer efficiency can be enhanced, the insects are not attracted, the plant roots are not corroded, and soil hardening can be improved.
The EM is a mixed bacterium, and generally comprises beneficial bacteria such as photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and the like. Because EM bacteria are easy to survive and propagate in soil, the EM bacteria can quickly and stably occupy the ecological status in the soil, and form a dominant community of beneficial microbial bacteria, thereby controlling the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and the attack on crops. Has the effect of improving soil hardening.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening can increase organic matters of soil, improve soil properties, enhance water retention, fertilizer retention, water seepage, air permeability and permeability of soil, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, effectively improve crop yield, be suitable for jasmine planting, promote growth and flowering of jasmine and enhance disease resistance and stress resistance of jasmine.
2. The special fertilizer for improving soil hardening is prepared by reasonably matching tea leaves, pine needle powder, egg shells, soybean dregs, peanut shells, rice husks and orange peels serving as main raw materials and adding rice washing water for fermentation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions of the present invention clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by taking tea milli as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of tea hair, 10 parts of pine needle powder, 12 parts of egg shells, 15 parts of soybean dregs, 10 parts of peanut shells, 10 parts of rice hulls, 5 parts of orange peels and 100 parts of rice washing water.
The pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needle leaves cut from pine trees and carrying out the following steps: collecting fresh pine needle branches and leaves, placing in a cool and ventilated place, naturally drying for 7 days, removing leaves, chopping, placing in an environment of 90 ℃ for drying until the water content is 12%, continuously crushing, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the pine needle extract.
The pine can be Pinus massoniana, Larix gmelinii, and Pinus tabulaeformis.
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea milli as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the eggshells in the sun for insolation for 7 days, mashing the eggshells in the insolation process, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) drying peanut shells, rice husks and orange peels until the water content is 15%, crushing, and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the egg shells, the peanut shells and the rice husks according to the proportion, then adding the pine needle powder and the soybean dregs, uniformly mixing, adding the rice washing water and the EM bacteria, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 5 days to obtain the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening.
Example 2
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by taking tea milli as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of tea hair, 20 parts of pine needle powder, 16 parts of egg shells, 10 parts of soybean dregs, 16 parts of peanut shells, 15 parts of rice husks, 8 parts of orange peels and 150 parts of rice washing water.
The pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needle leaves cut from pine trees and carrying out the following steps: collecting fresh pine needle branches and leaves, placing in a cool and ventilated place, naturally drying for 8 days, removing leaves, chopping, placing in an environment of 85 ℃ for drying until the water content is 10%, continuously crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the pine needle extract.
The pine tree is Pinus densiflora, Larix gmelinii, and Pinus tabulaeformis.
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea milli as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) exposing eggshell in the sun for 12 days, mashing the eggshell in the exposure process, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) drying peanut shells, rice husks and orange peels until the water content is 12%, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the egg shells, the peanut shells and the rice husks according to the proportion, then adding the pine needle powder and the soybean dregs, uniformly mixing, adding rice washing water, and sealing and fermenting for 10 days to obtain the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening.
Example 3
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by taking tea milli as a raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of tea hair, 15 parts of pine needle powder, 20 parts of egg shells, 20 parts of soybean dregs, 20 parts of peanut shells, 20 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of orange peels and 200 parts of rice washing water.
The pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needle leaves cut from pine trees and carrying out the following steps: collecting fresh pine needle branches and leaves, placing in a cool and ventilated place, naturally drying for 10 days, removing leaves, chopping, placing in an environment of 80 ℃ for drying until the water content is 8%, continuously crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain the pine needle extract.
The pine is Pinus sylvestris.
The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea milli as the raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the eggshells in the sun for insolation for 15 days, mashing the eggshells in the insolation process, and sieving the mashed eggshells by a 20-mesh sieve for later use;
(2) drying peanut shells, rice husks and orange peels until the water content is 15%, crushing, and sieving by a 20-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the egg shells, the peanut shells and the rice husks according to the proportion, then adding the pine needle powder and the soybean dregs, uniformly mixing, adding rice washing water, and sealing and fermenting for 15 days to obtain the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening.
Claims (5)
1. The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using tea milli as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of tea hair, 10-20 parts of pine needle powder, 10-20 parts of egg shells, 10-20 parts of soybean dregs, 10-20 parts of peanut shells, 10-20 parts of rice husks, 5-10 parts of orange peels and 100-200 parts of rice washing water.
2. The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea leaves as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the tea hair is tea fluff which falls off in the steps of rolling, spreading and airing, scenting and the like in the processing process of the jasmine tea, and is obtained after collection.
3. The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea leaves as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pine needle powder is prepared by collecting young branches and needle leaves cut from pine trees and carrying out the following steps: collecting fresh pine needles, placing the fresh pine needles in a cool and ventilated place, naturally drying for 7-10 days, removing leaves, chopping, placing the pine needles in an environment of 80-90 ℃ for drying until the water content is 8-12%, continuously crushing, and sieving by a sieve of 20-80 meshes to obtain the pine needle extract.
4. The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea leaves as the raw material according to claim 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pine tree is one or more of Pinus massoniana lamb, Pinus pumila, Pinus thunbergii, Pinus densiflora, Larix gmelini, Pinus sylvestris, spruce and fir.
5. The method for preparing the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening by using the tea leaves as the raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: is prepared by the following steps:
(1) placing the eggshells in the sun for insolation for 7-15 days, mashing the eggshells in the insolation process, and sieving the eggshells with a 20-80 mesh sieve for later use;
(2) drying the peanut shells, the rice husks and the orange peels until the water content is 10-15%, crushing, and sieving with a 20-80-mesh sieve for later use;
(3) uniformly mixing the egg shells, the peanut shells and the rice husks according to the proportion, then adding the pine needle powder and the soybean dregs, uniformly mixing, adding rice washing water, and carrying out sealed fermentation for 5-15 days to obtain the special fertilizer for improving soil hardening.
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