CN110627554A - Meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110627554A CN110627554A CN201810651220.9A CN201810651220A CN110627554A CN 110627554 A CN110627554 A CN 110627554A CN 201810651220 A CN201810651220 A CN 201810651220A CN 110627554 A CN110627554 A CN 110627554A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, the meat and bone meal carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted by adding agricultural leftovers such as rapeseed cakes, sesame cakes, bean pulp, tobacco slag and the like, the pH value of the meat and bone meal is adjusted by adding light burned magnesium, a composite fermentation strain and a composite biological enzyme are inoculated, full decomposition fermentation is carried out in a fermentation tank, then the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer is prepared through the processes of natural airing, sieving, extrusion granulation, drying, cooling and the like, the organic fertilizer is safe, efficient, green and environment-friendly, the organic matter of the product is more than or equal to 80%, the total nutrient (nitrogen + phosphorus pentoxide + potassium oxide) is more than or equal to 8%, the water content of the product is less than or equal to 12%, the organic fertilizer belongs to a high-end product, the defects and the defects of the current meat and bone meal in application are overcome, the organic fertilizer. The field experiment proves that the composition has good application effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, in particular to a meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof.
Background
China is a big country of livestock and poultry breeding industry, a large amount of livestock and poultry died of illness can be produced every year, before, each breeding factory or free-ranging household usually adopts landfill method, incineration method and other modes to handle, not only can cause the waste of a large amount of resources, but also very easily produce secondary pollution to environmental sanitation, along with the continuous improvement of people's environmental consciousness and health consciousness, China begins to highly attach importance to the innocent treatment of livestock and poultry died of illness, relevant departments come out a series of files and schemes in succession, through measures such as publicity, mechanism, policy encouragement, etc., innocent treatment of livestock and poultry died of illness is pushed to the climax of a wave of construction and development.
Meanwhile, the resource recycling of the products of the livestock and poultry died of diseases after innocent treatment is also a big problem currently faced by China. At present, the harmless treatment products of livestock and poultry died of illness in China are used for industrial products such as biodiesel production and the like in the aspect of resource recycling; the meat and bone meal is used for fertilizers in two ways: the first mode is that the dried organic fertilizer is directly packaged and sold as a commodity organic fertilizer, and although the mode can recycle resources to the maximum extent, the mode also has various defects, which are specifically shown as follows: firstly, meat and bone meal is not fully decomposed and fermented, does not meet the requirements of related organic fertilizers in industrial standards, and is very easy to cause seedling burning sites and fertilizer damage when applied by farmers; secondly, the production is extensive, the meat and bone meal is not subjected to full fertilizer nutrient index inspection, and the nutrients required by the plants are not scientifically compounded, so that the fertilizer effect of the meat and bone meal cannot be fully released and utilized; thirdly, potential safety hazards exist in the circulation field, and due to the fact that fertilizer compounding is not carried out, part of meat and bone meal can be illegally circulated to the feed industry, and illegal behaviors are carried out. The second mode is that the meat and bone powder is used as an additive of an organic fertilizer, the addition amount is generally between 3 percent and 5 percent, the mode has small treatment amount of the meat and bone powder, and the treatment requirement of the harmless industry of livestock and poultry died of illness on the meat and bone powder can not be effectively met.
Research results show that the meat and bone powder of livestock and poultry died of diseases after innocent treatment contains rich protein, various amino acids and medium and trace elements required by plants, is a good raw material for preparing high-end organic fertilizer, but the application and research on the meat and bone powder at present only stay in extensive application and basic experiment stages, and does not form industrialization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the traditional technology and provides a meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and a preparation process thereof, wherein meat and bone meal is used as a main raw material, agricultural leftovers such as rapeseed cakes, sesame cakes, bean pulp, tobacco slag and the like are added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the meat and bone meal, the pH is adjusted by light-burned magnesium, and the materials are fully decomposed and fermented by inoculating a composite microbial fermentation strain and biological enzyme to prepare the efficient and safe organic fertilizer, so that the channel for recycling harmless treatment product resources of livestock and poultry died of diseases is widened; the prepared organic fertilizer completely meets the requirements of industrial standards on related technical indexes and hygienic indexes, the organic matter is up to more than 80%, the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are more than or equal to 8%, and the organic fertilizer belongs to a high-end organic fertilizer product.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures:
the meat and bone meal organic fertilizer comprises, by mass, 40-50% of meat and bone meal, 10-15% of rapeseed cakes, 10-15% of sesame cakes, 5-10% of soybean meal, 20-30% of tobacco residues, 0.1-0.2% of composite fermentation strains and 0.05-0.1% of composite enzymes.
Further, the composite fermentation strain comprises 40-50% of bacillus licheniformis, 10-15% of yeast, 20-25% of actinomycetes and 20-30% of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Further, the compound enzyme comprises 40-50% of protease, 30-40% of cellulase and 20-30% of hemicellulase.
Further, the meat and bone meal is a product obtained after harmless treatment and grease extraction of livestock and poultry died of diseases.
Further, the tobacco residue is leftovers of tobacco leaves and stems of the redrying factory.
A preparation process of a meat and bone meal organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
mixing materials: crushing the rapeseed cake and the sesame cake, uniformly mixing the crushed rapeseed cake and sesame cake with meat and bone meal, bean pulp, tobacco dregs, composite zymophyte and composite enzyme, adding 2-4% of light-burned magnesium according to the weight of the materials in the mixing process to adjust the pH value to 5-7, and spraying tap water to control the water content of the materials to be 45-55%;
and (3) a decomposing stage: loading the mixed materials into a fermentation tank, stacking the materials into strip-shaped material piles for fermentation, introducing air into the material piles for 10 minutes every 12 hours in the fermentation process, controlling the temperature of the material piles, turning the materials by using a turner when the temperature of the materials exceeds 50 ℃, and thoroughly decomposing the materials when the temperature of the material piles does not rise any more after the last turning;
and (3) airing: loading the decomposed materials into a hardened airing shed for natural airing, and periodically turning the materials during the natural airing period to accelerate the evaporation of water until the water content of the materials is reduced to below 15%;
and sieving the aired materials, extruding and granulating by a circular die, drying and cooling to obtain the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the defects and the defects of the prior meat and bone meal in the application of the fertilizer can be overcome, and the resource reasonable utilization of harmless treatment products of the livestock and poultry died of diseases is improved;
after the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the meat and bone meal is adjusted by mixing plant organic materials, the meat and bone meal is fermented and degraded by using a compound fermentation microbial inoculum and enzyme, so that the decomposition rate can reach 100 percent, the phenomenon of seedling burning can not occur during application, and the product is safer;
the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contained in the product are organic, so that the plant can absorb the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium more easily without conversion;
the obtained product has high organic matter content, can obviously improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, prevent soil hardening, and improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil;
the product has comprehensive nutrition and long fertilizer efficiency, can effectively reduce the use amount of various chemical fertilizers, prevents soil salinization, and is green and environment-friendly;
the stress resistance and the capability of resisting diseases and insect pests of crops are improved, and the use of pesticides is reduced;
the product is rich in various amino acids and medium and trace elements required by plants, and can obviously improve the crop yield and the product quality;
compared with common organic fertilizer products, the obtained product has high fertilizer efficiency and low consumption, and can be used as a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
weighing 100kg of rapeseed cakes and 130kg of sesame cakes, crushing, uniformly mixing with 450kg of meat and bone meal, 50kg of bean pulp, 268.5kg of tobacco residues, 1kg of compound fermentation strains and 0.5kg of compound enzyme, adding 25kg of light-burned magnesium in the mixing process, controlling the water content of the materials to be 50% by spraying tap water, loading the mixed materials into a fermentation tank, stacking into a bar-shaped material pile with the height of 1 m and the width of 4 m for fermentation, introducing air into the material pile every 12 hours in the fermentation process for 10 minutes, controlling the temperature of the material pile, turning the material pile by using a turner when the temperature of the material reaches 50 ℃, and completely decomposing when the temperature of the material pile does not rise any more after the last turning; loading the decomposed materials into a hardened airing shed for natural airing, and periodically turning the materials during the natural airing period to accelerate the evaporation of water, wherein the airing is finished when the water content of the materials reaches 15%; the aired materials are screened, extruded and granulated by a circular mold, dried and cooled to obtain the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer, the organic matter content of the product is 85%, the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are 8.6%, and the water content of the product is 11.5%.
The 1kg of composite fermentation strain comprises 400g of bacillus licheniformis, 100g of microzyme, 200g of actinomycetes and 300g of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
The 0.5kg of complex enzyme comprises 200g of protease, 150g of cellulase and 150g of hemicellulase;
example 2:
weighing 120kg of rapeseed cakes and 150kg of sesame cakes, crushing, uniformly mixing with 420kg of meat and bone meal, 75kg of soybean meal, 232.7kg of tobacco residues, 1.5kg of composite fermentation strains and 0.8kg of complex enzyme, adding 30kg of light-burned magnesium in the mixing process, controlling the water content of the materials to be 52% by spraying tap water, loading the mixed materials into a fermentation tank, stacking the materials into a bar-shaped material pile with the height of 1 m and the width of 4 m for fermentation, introducing air into the material pile every 12 hours in the fermentation process for 10 minutes, controlling the temperature of the material pile, turning the materials by using a turner when the temperature of the materials reaches 51 ℃, and preventing the temperature of the material pile from rising after the last turning, namely thoroughly decomposing; loading the decomposed materials into a hardened airing shed for natural airing, and periodically turning the materials during the natural airing period to accelerate the evaporation of water, wherein the airing is finished when the water content of the materials reaches 13%; the aired materials are screened, extruded and granulated by a circular mold, dried and cooled to obtain the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer, the organic matter content of the product is 86%, the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are 8.8%, and the water content of the product is 11.0%.
The 1.5kg of composite fermentation strain comprises 675g of bacillus licheniformis, 180g of microzyme, 330g of actinomycetes and 315g of trichoderma longibrachiatum;
the 0.8kg of compound enzyme comprises 360g of protease, 280g of cellulase and 160g of hemicellulase.
Example 3:
weighing 150kg of rapeseed cakes and 130kg of sesame cakes, crushing, uniformly mixing with 455kg of meat and bone meal, 60kg of bean pulp, 202.2kg of tobacco residues, 1.8kg of composite fermentation strains and 1kg of complex enzyme, adding 35kg of light-burned magnesium in the mixing process, controlling the water content of the materials to be 55% by spraying tap water, loading the mixed materials into a fermentation tank, stacking into a bar-shaped material pile with the height of 1 m and the width of 4 m for fermentation, introducing air into the material pile every 12 hours in the fermentation process for 10 minutes, controlling the temperature of the material pile, turning the material pile by using a turner when the temperature of the material reaches 52 ℃, and completely decomposing when the temperature of the material pile does not rise any more after the last turning; loading the decomposed materials into a hardened airing shed for natural airing, and periodically turning the materials during the natural airing period to accelerate the evaporation of water, wherein the airing is finished when the water content of the materials reaches 13.5%; the aired materials are screened, extruded and granulated by a circular mold, dried and cooled to obtain the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer, the organic matter content of the product is 87.5 percent, the total nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide) are 8.4 percent, and the water content of the product is 10.5 percent.
The 1.8kg of composite fermentation strain comprises 774g of bacillus licheniformis, 180g of microzyme, 360g of actinomycetes and 486g of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
The 1kg of compound enzyme comprises 450g of protease, 300g of cellulase and 250g of hemicellulase;
the application method and the dosage of the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer are as follows: can be applied in broadcasting, hole and ditch; the application amount of the vegetables is 80-160 kg/mu; the application amount of the melons and fruits is 100-200 kg/mu; the application amount of the field crops is 50-100 kg/mu.
And (3) field experiments:
the invention selects four kinds of ginger, cucumber, wheat and appleThe crop is used as an experimental object, and an experimental group and a control group are arranged under the conditions of the same soil type, the same cultivation mode and the same management mode, and each group is provided with three treatments. The high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer of the embodiment 1-3 is applied to experimental groups respectively, and conventional fertilization is carried out on control groups, wherein each treatment area is 100m2。
The experimental results are shown in the table I:
watch 1
As can be seen from the table I, the yield of the experimental group of crops is obviously higher than that of the control group, the yield of the ginger is increased by 31.56%, the yield of the cucumber is increased by 24.46%, the yield of the wheat is increased by 34.35%, and the yield of the apple is increased by 16.65%. The high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer prepared by the invention has obvious yield increase effect, is safe, high-efficiency, green and environment-friendly, overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the current meat and bone meal in application, has a good reference effect on promoting resource recycling of farming and animal husbandry industries, and also has good economic and social benefits.
Claims (6)
1. A meat and bone meal organic fertilizer is characterized in that: the components and the parts by weight thereof comprise 40-50% of meat and bone meal, 10-15% of rapeseed cakes, 10-15% of sesame cakes, 5-10% of soybean meal, 20-30% of tobacco dregs, 0.1-0.2% of composite fermentation strains and 0.05-0.1% of complex enzymes.
2. The meat and bone meal organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite fermentation strain comprises 40-50% of bacillus licheniformis, 10-15% of saccharomycetes, 20-25% of actinomycetes and 20-30% of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
3. The meat and bone meal organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the compound enzyme comprises 40-50% of protease, 30-40% of cellulase and 20-30% of hemicellulase.
4. The meat and bone meal organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the meat and bone meal is a product obtained by innocent treatment and grease extraction of livestock and poultry died of diseases.
5. The meat and bone meal organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the tobacco residue is leftovers of tobacco leaves and stems in a redrying plant.
6. The preparation process of the meat-bone meal organic fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
mixing materials: crushing the rapeseed cake and the sesame cake, uniformly mixing the crushed rapeseed cake and sesame cake with meat and bone meal, bean pulp, tobacco dregs, composite zymophyte and composite enzyme, adding 2-4% of light-burned magnesium according to the weight of the materials in the mixing process to adjust the pH value to 5-7, and spraying tap water to control the water content of the materials to be 45-55%;
and (3) a decomposing stage: loading the mixed materials into a fermentation tank, stacking the materials into strip-shaped material piles for fermentation, introducing air into the material piles for 10 minutes every 12 hours in the fermentation process, controlling the temperature of the material piles, turning the materials by using a turner when the temperature of the materials exceeds 50 ℃, and thoroughly decomposing the materials when the temperature of the material piles does not rise any more after the last turning;
and (3) airing: loading the decomposed materials into a hardened airing shed for natural airing, and periodically turning the materials during the natural airing period to accelerate the evaporation of water until the water content of the materials is reduced to below 15%;
and sieving the aired materials, extruding and granulating by a circular die, drying and cooling to obtain the high-efficiency meat and bone meal commercial organic fertilizer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810651220.9A CN110627554A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810651220.9A CN110627554A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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| CN110627554A true CN110627554A (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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| CN201810651220.9A Pending CN110627554A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | Meat and bone meal organic fertilizer and preparation process thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111646862A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-11 | 山东农微生物科技有限公司 | Special bio-organic fertilizer for hemp and preparation method thereof |
| CN111690418A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-22 | 湖州美欣达环保产业研究有限公司 | Soil remediation agent containing meat and bone meal and preparation method thereof |
| CN113308382A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-27 | 海南大学 | Biocontrol bacterium preparation for enhancing stress resistance of crops |
| CN114394876A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-26 | 河南省化工研究所有限责任公司 | Harmless treatment and resource utilization method for animals died of epidemic diseases |
| EP4179878A1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-17 | Universidade do Minho | Method for processing a protein-rich residue and uses thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102816015A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-12-12 | 安徽金农生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Special fertilizer for oil tea |
| CN104513074A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-15 | 潍坊市云涛有机肥料有限公司 | Making and production process for animal and plant type organic fertilizer |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810651220.9A patent/CN110627554A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102816015A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-12-12 | 安徽金农生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Special fertilizer for oil tea |
| CN104513074A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-04-15 | 潍坊市云涛有机肥料有限公司 | Making and production process for animal and plant type organic fertilizer |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111646862A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-09-11 | 山东农微生物科技有限公司 | Special bio-organic fertilizer for hemp and preparation method thereof |
| CN111690418A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-22 | 湖州美欣达环保产业研究有限公司 | Soil remediation agent containing meat and bone meal and preparation method thereof |
| CN113308382A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-27 | 海南大学 | Biocontrol bacterium preparation for enhancing stress resistance of crops |
| EP4179878A1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2023-05-17 | Universidade do Minho | Method for processing a protein-rich residue and uses thereof |
| CN114394876A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-26 | 河南省化工研究所有限责任公司 | Harmless treatment and resource utilization method for animals died of epidemic diseases |
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Address after: 261000 Yishan street, Xiashan District, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 1000m south of Xiashan pass of Jiqing Expressway Applicant after: Shandong Yuntao organic fertilizer Co.,Ltd. Address before: 261000 Yishan street, Xiashan District, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 1000m south of Xiashan pass of Jiqing Expressway Applicant before: WEIFANG YUNTAO ORGANIC FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. |
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