CN110622768B - Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts - Google Patents

Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110622768B
CN110622768B CN201911028884.0A CN201911028884A CN110622768B CN 110622768 B CN110622768 B CN 110622768B CN 201911028884 A CN201911028884 A CN 201911028884A CN 110622768 B CN110622768 B CN 110622768B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
dwarfing
planting
branches
parts
matrix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201911028884.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN110622768A (en
Inventor
谭秋锦
韦媛荣
陈海生
王文林
郑树芳
覃振师
黄锡云
汤秀华
许�鹏
何铣扬
莫庆道
宋海云
谭德锦
贺鹏
张涛
肖海艳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
Original Assignee
Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute filed Critical Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute
Priority to CN201911028884.0A priority Critical patent/CN110622768B/en
Publication of CN110622768A publication Critical patent/CN110622768A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110622768B publication Critical patent/CN110622768B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/27Pulp, e.g. bagasse
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B13/00Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
    • C05B13/02Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure

Abstract

According to the method for dwarfing close planting of macadimia nuts, the dwarfing matrix is placed in the planting holes, and the decomposed pig manure, the oil-tea-cake meal and the biogas residues added in the dwarfing matrix provide sufficient nutrients for the macadimia nut seedlings, and meanwhile, the soil is loosened, so that the growth of the roots of the macadimia nut trees is facilitated; sodium humate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and humic acid are added into the dwarfing matrix to promote the root of the macadimia nut seedlings to absorb paclobutrazol, so that the macadimia nut trees have developed root systems and deeper distribution, and the capability of the macadimia nut trees in resisting wind damage is improved; paclobutrazol is added into the dwarfing matrix, so that the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees can be promoted; in the branch thinning step, mepiquat chloride is sprayed to promote the dwarfing of the Australian nut trees, improve the fruit setting rate of the Australian nut trees and increase the yield; the growth management step comprises spraying dwarfing agent in spring and summer, and spraying abscisic acid in autumn and winter, so as to further induce the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees and improve the annual yield of the macadamia nut trees by 30-50%.

Description

Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts.
Background
Macadamia nuts belong to tropical and subtropical top-grade commercial crops, have dense crowns, shallow root systems and no wind resistance, are suitable for being planted on hills or flat grounds with the altitude of less than 1200m, require deep soil layers and good drainage, have irrigation conditions when water is deficient in dry seasons, and generally have the highest temperature of not more than 35 ℃ in summer and the highest temperature of not less than 15 ℃ in winter. Macadamia nut is rich in nutrition, contains 70% -79% of oil content, is rich in unsaturated fatty acid, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and 8 amino acids essential to human body. Meanwhile, the monounsaturated fatty acid in the macadamia nut oil can reduce the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood, and has higher medicinal value for treating atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, tumors and the like. The macadimia nut products are short in supply and wide in gap in the international market, and a small amount of macadimia nut products are supplied in the domestic market at present, so that the market potential is great.
At present, although the planting area of macadimia nuts is large, the macadimia nuts are in the initial stage of fruiting, the fruiting proportion is small, and the yield is low; the planting technology level is low, and the yield per unit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for dwarfing and close planting macadimia nuts, which has good dwarfing effect and high yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10-15 parts of oil tea cake dregs, 8-12 parts of biogas residues, 5-7 parts of sodium humate, 4-6 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid and 0.5-0.7 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 55-60% to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 18-24 seedlings/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles of favorable improvement of illumination conditions, accumulated nutrients and even, thin and moderate distribution of the branches after planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept below 95 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: in 2-5 months, applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees, wherein the using amount of the compound fertilizer is 300-400 g per tree; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2-5 kg of compound fertilizer and 35-45 g of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 1-3 kg of compound fertilizer, 3-5 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2-3 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 50% dwarfing agent of 2000 ppm-2500 ppm once in spring and summer; spraying 0.1% of 500-800 ppm of antibiotics once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 7 to 10 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Further, the dwarfing matrix in the step (1) is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of soil, 17 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of oil-tea-cake meal, 10 parts of biogas residues, 6 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid and 0.6 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 58% to obtain the dwarfing matrix.
Further, in the step (3), each land parcel is planted with more than 2 dwarf grafted seedling varieties in a cross mode, the planting density is 22 plants/mu, seedlings are placed into the planting holes during planting, the dwarfing matrix is backfilled, and layering and compaction are carried out.
Further, the dosage of mepiquat chloride in the step (4) per mu is 12-15 g.
Further, in the step (5), when the branches stop growing, pressing is carried out, so that the angle between the branches and the pile head is kept between 85 degrees and 95 degrees.
Further, in the step (6), in 2-5 months, applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees, wherein the using amount of the compound fertilizer is 350g per tree; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure.
Further, 2300ppm of 50% of dwarfing agent is sprayed once every year in spring and summer in the step (6); 700ppm0.1 percent of abscisic acid is sprayed once in autumn and winter every year.
Further, water is sprayed once every 9 days in the step (6), so that sufficient water is ensured.
According to the method for dwarfing close planting of macadimia nuts, the dwarfing matrix is placed in the planting holes, and the decomposed pig manure, the oil-tea-cake meal and the biogas residues added in the dwarfing matrix provide sufficient nutrients for the macadimia nut seedlings, and meanwhile, the soil is loosened, so that the growth of the roots of the macadimia nut trees is facilitated; the sodium humate, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid are added into the dwarfing matrix to promote the roots of the macadimia nut seedlings to absorb paclobutrazol, so that the roots of the macadimia nut trees are developed and deeply distributed, the respiration of the roots of the macadimia nut trees is facilitated, the growth of the macadimia nut trees is greatly promoted, meanwhile, the macadimia nut trees are prevented from lodging, and the wind damage resistance of the macadimia nut trees is improved; paclobutrazol is added into the dwarfing matrix, so that the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees can be promoted; in the branch thinning step, mepiquat chloride is sprayed to promote the dwarfing of the Australian nut trees, promote the rooting and the precocity of the Australian nut trees, improve the maturing rate of the Australian nut trees and increase the yield; the growth management step comprises spraying dwarfing agent in spring and summer, and spraying abscisic acid in autumn and winter, so as to further induce the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees and improve the annual yield of the macadamia nut trees by 30-50%.
Detailed Description
The following examples may help one skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of soil, 15 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10 parts of oil-tea camellia cake, 8 parts of biogas residues, 5 parts of sodium humate, 4 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3 parts of humic acid and 0.5 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) adjusting the water content of the mixture to 55% to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 18 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles of being favorable for improving the illumination condition, accumulating nutrients and uniformly, densely and moderately distributing the branches after planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 12 g;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 85 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of the compound fertilizer is 300g per tree; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 35 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 1 kg of compound fertilizer, 3 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying dwarfing agent with the concentration of 2000ppm50% once in spring and summer respectively; spraying 500ppm0.1% of abscisic acid once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 7 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Example 2
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of soil, 20 parts of decomposed pig manure, 15 parts of oil-tea camellia cake, 12 parts of biogas residues, 7 parts of sodium humate, 6 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5 parts of humic acid and 0.7 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 60 percent to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfed grafted seedling varieties in each land block, wherein the planting density is 24 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles that the lighting condition is favorably improved, the nutrients are accumulated, and the branches are uniformly distributed, thin and moderately distributed after field planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 15 g;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 95 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of the compound fertilizer is 400g per tree; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 5 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 45 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kg of compound fertilizer, 5 kg of decomposed pig manure and 3 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 2500ppm50% dwarfing agent once every year in spring and summer; spraying 800ppm0.1% of abscisic acid once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 10 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Example 3
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of soil, 17 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of oil-tea-cake meal, 10 parts of biogas residues, 6 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid and 0.6 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 58 percent to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 22 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles that the lighting condition is favorably improved, the nutrients are accumulated, and the branches are uniformly distributed, thin and moderately distributed after the field planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 13 g;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 90 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of each tree is 350 g; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 2300ppm of 50% dwarfing agent once every year in spring and summer; spraying 700ppm0.1% of abscisic acid once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 9 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Comparative example 1
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(2) planting: cross planting each plot by more than 2 dwarf grafted seedling varieties with the planting density of 22 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling soil, and layering and compacting;
(3) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles that the lighting condition is favorably improved, the nutrients are accumulated, and the branches are uniformly distributed, thin and moderately distributed after the field planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 13 g;
(4) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 90 degrees;
(5) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of each tree is 350 g; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 2300ppm of 50% dwarfing agent once every year in spring and summer; spraying 700ppm0.1% of abscisic acid once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 9 days to ensure sufficient water;
(6) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Comparative example 2
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of soil, 17 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of oil-tea-cake meal, 10 parts of biogas residues, 6 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid and 0.6 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 58 percent to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 22 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles that the lighting condition is favorably improved, the nutrients are accumulated, and the branches are uniformly distributed, thin and moderately distributed after the field planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 13 g;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 90 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of each tree is 350 g; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 2300ppm of 50% dwarfing agent once every year in spring, summer, autumn and winter;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 9 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Comparative example 3
A method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of soil, 17 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of oil-tea-cake meal, 10 parts of biogas residues, 6 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid and 0.6 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 58 percent to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 22 plants/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles that the lighting condition is favorably improved, the nutrients are accumulated, and the branches are uniformly distributed, thin and moderately distributed after the field planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees, wherein the dosage per mu of the mepiquat chloride is 13 g;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept at 90 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees in 2-5 months, wherein the using amount of each tree is 350 g; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 700ppm0.1% of abscisic acid once in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 9 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
Table 1 below gives the observation results of the dwarfing status of adult macadimia nuts of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3.
TABLE 1
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
According to the observation result of the dwarfing condition of the adult macadimia nut trees, dwarfing and close planting method of the macadimia nuts, dwarfing substrates are placed in planting holes, and decomposed pig manure, oil tea cake dregs and biogas residues added into the dwarfing substrates provide sufficient nutrients for macadimia nut seedlings, and meanwhile, soil is loosened, so that the growth of roots of the macadimia nut trees is facilitated; the sodium humate, the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and the humic acid are added into the dwarfing matrix to promote the roots of the macadimia nut seedlings to absorb paclobutrazol, so that the roots of the macadimia nut trees are developed and deeply distributed, the respiration of the roots of the macadimia nut trees is facilitated, the growth of the macadimia nut trees is greatly promoted, meanwhile, the macadimia nut trees are prevented from lodging, and the wind damage resistance of the macadimia nut trees is improved; paclobutrazol is added into the dwarfing matrix, so that the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees can be promoted; in the branch thinning step, mepiquat chloride is sprayed to promote the dwarfing of the Australian nut trees, promote the rooting and the precocity of the Australian nut trees, improve the maturing rate of the Australian nut trees and increase the yield; the growth management step comprises spraying dwarfing agent in spring and summer, and spraying abscisic acid in autumn and winter, so as to further induce the dwarfing of the macadamia nut trees and improve the annual yield of the macadamia nut trees by 30-50%.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (8)

1. The method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a dwarfing matrix: the dwarfing matrix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of soil, 15-20 parts of decomposed pig manure, 10-15 parts of oil tea cake dregs, 8-12 parts of biogas residues, 5-7 parts of sodium humate, 4-6 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid and 0.5-0.7 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) then adjusting the water content of the mixture to 55-60% to obtain the dwarfing matrix;
(2) digging holes: digging planting holes in the planting field, wherein the specification of the planting holes is 0.8m multiplied by 0.6 m;
(3) planting: cross planting more than 2 dwarfing grafted seedling varieties in each plot, wherein the planting density is 18-24 seedlings/mu, placing seedlings into planting holes during planting, backfilling dwarfing matrixes, and layering and compacting;
(4) thinning branches: thinning branches according to the principles of favorable improvement of illumination conditions, accumulated nutrients and even, thin and moderate distribution of the branches after planting for 5-6 months every year, removing inward branches, overlapped branches, spindly branches, crossed branches and competitive branches, and spraying mepiquat chloride to promote the dwarfing of Australian nut trees;
(5) and (3) branch pressing: when the branches stop growing, pressing branches to enable the angles of the branches and the pile heads to be kept below 95 degrees;
(6) and (3) growth management:
1) fertilizing: in 2-5 months, applying a compound fertilizer to the roots of the macadamia nut trees, wherein the using amount of the compound fertilizer is 300-400 g per tree; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2-5 kg of compound fertilizer and 35-45 g of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 1-3 kg of compound fertilizer, 3-5 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2-3 kg of human and animal manure;
2) dwarfing treatment: spraying 50% dwarfing agent of 2000 ppm-2500 ppm once in spring and summer; spraying 0.1% of 500-800 ppm of antibiotics once in autumn and winter every year;
3) water management, namely pouring water once every 7 to 10 days to ensure sufficient water;
(7) and (3) pest control: weeding the planting field once every 3 months; when the plant diseases and insect pests are discovered, 1000 times of 72% pulikes and 1500 times of 1% fly and mite cleaning missible oil are applied in a compounding way; the control of the mouse damage is well done in the harvest season.
2. The method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dwarf matrix in step (1) is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 90 parts of soil, 17 parts of decomposed pig manure, 13 parts of oil-tea-cake meal, 10 parts of biogas residues, 6 parts of sodium humate, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 parts of humic acid and 0.6 part of paclobutrazol; the preparation method of the dwarfing matrix comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing all components for forming the dwarfing matrix to obtain a mixture; 2) and adjusting the water content of the mixture to 58% to obtain the dwarfing matrix.
3. The method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), each plot is cross-planted with more than 2 dwarf grafted seedling varieties with the planting density of 22 plants/mu, seedlings are placed in planting holes during planting, a dwarf matrix is backfilled, and layering and compaction are carried out.
4. The method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts according to claim 1, wherein the dose of mepiquat chloride in step (4) is 12-15 g per mu.
5. The method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the branches are pressed after the branches stop growing, so that the angle between the branches and the pile head is kept between 85 degrees and 95 degrees.
6. The method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the compound fertilizer is applied to the roots of the macadimia nut trees in an amount of 350g per plant for 2-5 months; in 6-8 months, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 3 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 40 grams of boron fertilizer; in 9-1 month, the fertilizing amount of each plant is 2 kg of compound fertilizer, 4 kg of decomposed pig manure and 2.5 kg of human and animal manure.
7. The method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein 2300ppm50% of dwarfing agent is sprayed once every year in spring and summer in step (6); 700ppm0.1 percent of abscisic acid is sprayed once in autumn and winter every year.
8. The method for dwarf and close planting of macadimia nuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (6), water is sprayed every 9 days to ensure sufficient water content.
CN201911028884.0A 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts Active CN110622768B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911028884.0A CN110622768B (en) 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911028884.0A CN110622768B (en) 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110622768A CN110622768A (en) 2019-12-31
CN110622768B true CN110622768B (en) 2021-09-14

Family

ID=68978110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911028884.0A Active CN110622768B (en) 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110622768B (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111096191A (en) * 2020-01-20 2020-05-05 罗文秀 Dwarfing close-planting efficient cultivation technology and process method for nut fruit trees
CN112868450B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-03-11 江门市新会区清沁绿农业科技发展有限公司 Method for accelerating growth and development of nut trees

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101836661A (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-09-22 刘宁诏 Dwarfing granule formulation for papaya and preparation method thereof
CN106171786A (en) * 2016-07-31 2016-12-07 吴军 The cultural method that Hibiscus syriacus L. is downgraded
CN107759323A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-06 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of Queensland nut composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109006110A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of Queensland nut method for stunting
CN109197544A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-15 杭州市余杭区湿地生态研究所 A kind of method for stunting of canna glauca

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101836661A (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-09-22 刘宁诏 Dwarfing granule formulation for papaya and preparation method thereof
CN106171786A (en) * 2016-07-31 2016-12-07 吴军 The cultural method that Hibiscus syriacus L. is downgraded
CN107759323A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-06 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of Queensland nut composite fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN109006110A (en) * 2018-07-09 2018-12-18 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of Queensland nut method for stunting
CN109197544A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-15 杭州市余杭区湿地生态研究所 A kind of method for stunting of canna glauca

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
几种植物生长调节剂对澳洲坚果幼树的控梢效果比较;陶丽等;《热带农业科技》;20080615(第02期);第17-19页 *
新辟梨园矮化栽培技术;史美棠等;《新农村》;19970810(第08期);第11页 *
果树矮化密植栽培技术特点;韦桂杰;《农村实用技术》;20051228(第12期);第26页 *
核桃矮化密植高效栽培技术;王文战;《果农之友》;20121201(第12期);第18页 *
澳洲坚果早实丰产栽培措施;李家兴等;《农业研究与应用》;20120710(第04期);第66-68页 *
花卉矮化栽培技术;周圣发;《现代农业科技》;20080420(第08期);第49页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110622768A (en) 2019-12-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN105027935B (en) High yield cultivation method of peanut
CN109042163A (en) A kind of green high-yield high-efficiency cultivation implantation methods of winter wheat
CN105123203A (en) Method for planting spinach rich in selenium
CN106538188A (en) A kind of implantation methods of Semen Maydiss
CN105706683A (en) Peanut cultivation method
CN103988676A (en) Cultivation method for increasing yield of loessal soil autumn potatoes
CN105265144A (en) Method for no-tillage potato planting through covering with straws
CN105359790A (en) Platycodon grandiflorum cultivation method
CN106717826A (en) The implantation methods of corn with high yield
CN105265145A (en) Seed dressing and germination accelerating method for seed potatoes
CN110622768B (en) Method for dwarf close planting of macadimia nuts
CN106508533A (en) Rice planting method
CN108668740A (en) A kind of cultural method of selenium-rich Queensland nut
CN103766041A (en) Germination accelerating method and planting method for flemingia philippinensis
CN106717981A (en) A kind of corn planting method
CN108496719A (en) A kind of wheat gently simplifies implantation methods
CN106818128B (en) Desert greening planting structure and method
CN108207529A (en) A kind of implantation methods of green high yield potato
CN106212174A (en) A kind of method improving U.S. Mvtus communis L. quality
CN106106005A (en) A kind of cultural method of Longan Seedlings
CN106538375B (en) The cultivation technique of the yellow cured Lee pollinizers of zero distance configuration
CN109717024A (en) A kind of ripe cultural method of spring wheat summer paddy two
CN114946510A (en) Plantation management method for changing eucalyptus forest land into macadamia nut
CN108293771A (en) A kind of high yield cultivating method of campanulaceae
CN108450262A (en) A kind of no-tillage 2 years three stubble cutting and planting methods of a film 2 years

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant
EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract

Application publication date: 20191231

Assignee: Guangxi Guinong Precision Farming Agricultural Technology Service Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: SOUTH ASIAN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Research Institute OF GUANGXI

Contract record no.: X2023980046466

Denomination of invention: A Method for Dwarfing and Densely Planting Macadamia Nuts

Granted publication date: 20210914

License type: Common License

Record date: 20231108

EE01 Entry into force of recordation of patent licensing contract