CN110616735A - Template system for retaining wall and construction method of retaining wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a template system for a retaining wall and a construction method of the retaining wall, wherein the template system comprises an operation platform and two template units, the two template units are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the retaining wall, and a pouring space of a retaining wall layer is formed between the inner side surfaces of the two template units; the operation platform is arranged on one of the template units, and forms an operation field for pouring the retaining wall layer of the original layer, building the template unit of the upper retaining wall layer and dismantling the template unit of the lower retaining wall layer. By means of the structure, the construction period and the cost for erecting the floor scaffold as the operation platform are avoided, and the limitation that the floor scaffold cannot be erected as the operation platform due to the limitation of a place is avoided.

Description

Template system for retaining wall and construction method of retaining wall

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete structural member construction, and particularly relates to a template system for a retaining wall and a construction method of the retaining wall.

Background

In the field of highway engineering construction, concrete pouring construction is an important content. When concrete is poured, formwork installation is required in advance. The wood template is a traditional common template, the method is mature, the economy is good, but the requirements on the personal skill and experience of a template worker are high, the installation and disassembly speed is low, and the loss rate is high. With the development of construction technology, a plurality of new forms of templates continuously appear, and a steel template is one of the templates. The steel form rigidity is big, is convenient for adjust, and concrete placement quality is guaranteed, but conventional steel form is the small size steel form, and the installation is dismantled work load greatly, influences the progress.

Gravity type retaining wall refers to the retaining wall that relies on wall body dead weight to resist soil body lateral pressure. Because retaining wall is bulky unable one shot forming, in the engineering reality, generally the layering is pour the shaping, therefore the construction of retaining wall need set up the scaffold as operation platform, but often receives topography and place restriction in the construction of highway retaining wall, is not convenient for set up the scaffold. How to reduce the technical threshold of template installation, the quick convenient installation template has good economic nature again simultaneously, is a problem of deserving consideration in the template engineering.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a template system for a retaining wall, which is convenient for engineering constructors to quickly and conveniently support a template, remove the template and pour concrete, and also correspondingly provides a construction method of the retaining wall.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a template system for a retaining wall comprises two template units and an operation platform corresponding to the template units, wherein the two template units are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the retaining wall, and a pouring space of a retaining wall layer is formed between the inner side surfaces of the two template units; the operation platform is arranged on the corresponding template unit and forms an operation field for pouring the retaining wall layer of the layer, building the template unit of the upper retaining wall layer and dismantling the template unit of the lower retaining wall layer.

By means of the structure, the construction period and the cost for erecting the floor scaffold as the operation platform are avoided, and the limitation that the floor scaffold cannot be erected as the operation platform due to the limitation of a place is avoided.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

as a concrete structural form of the operation platform, the operation platform comprises a support frame and a platform body fixed at the upper end of the support frame, and the support frame is fixed on the outer side surface of the template unit.

As a specific structural form of the support frame, the support frame comprises a vertical support structure positioned below the platform body and an inclined support structure connected between the vertical support structure and the platform body; the vertical supporting structure is fixedly connected with the outer side face of the template unit.

The outer side surface of the template unit is provided with a plurality of transverse ridges which extend along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the plurality of transverse ridges are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the retaining wall;

the vertical support structure comprises a plurality of vertical supports which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the vertical supports are fixedly connected with two transverse ribs.

The upper portion and the lower part of the vertical support are all sleeved with sleeves fixed on the transverse ribs, the inclined support structure is fixed with the sleeves at the lower portion of the vertical support, and the platform body is fixed with the sleeves at the upper portion of the vertical support.

The circumferential surface of the sleeve is provided with a side opening for the vertical support to be extruded into the sleeve. Preferably, a cover plate for opening or closing the side opening is arranged on the sleeve, and the manner of opening the side opening by the cover plate is preferably similar to the manner of opening the network card slot by the pop-up cover plate. From this, operation platform can accomplish earlier subaerial installation, again through with each erects to prop in each corresponding sleeve of going into from corresponding side opening card, adopts the apron again with the side opening closure, can install operation platform on retaining wall template unit, the installation, dismantle convenient nimble.

The inclined strut structure comprises a plurality of inclined struts, and the inclined struts correspond to the vertical struts one to one.

And one end of the platform body, which is far away from the template unit, is provided with a protective guard.

The preferable template unit is formed by sequentially connecting and combining a plurality of steel templates along the length direction of the retaining wall, the size parameters and the assembling form of the steel templates are high in selectivity, and prefabrication and assembling can be conducted flexibly according to actual conditions on site.

The two template units are tightened and fixed through the pull rod assembly.

The pull rod assembly comprises a support rod, a long pull rod and two short pull rods; the utility model discloses a concrete structure, including two template units, bracing piece, long pull rod, two short pull rods, two template units, two short pull rods and two template units, the bracing piece is connected in the upper portion of two template units, long pull rod is connected in the middle part of two template units, and two short pull rods and two template units one-to-one, and the one end of short pull rod is fixed with corresponding template unit, and the other end of short pull rod is arranged in next floor retaining wall layer or concrete cushion and.

The template unit is provided with horizontal stupefied of vertical channel-section steel, has increased the overall stability of combination steel form, and when retaining wall die-filling, the short pull rod in lower part, the long pull rod in middle part and the upper end bracing piece of setting combine the advantage of steel mould self intensity, rigidity, have ensured retaining wall's structural dimension and the quality of pouring.

And a sleeve is connected between the two template units, and the long pull rod is sleeved in the sleeve.

Although one end of the lower short pull rod is welded and connected with the embedded steel bar and cannot be taken out for use subsequently, the lower short pull rod is short in length and low in steel bar loss; a sleeve (preferably a PVC pipe) is sleeved outside the middle long pull rod, and the long pull rod can be taken out for recycling after the mould is removed; the upper support rod can be reused. After the engineering is finished, the combined steel template can be disassembled into small-block steel templates, and other engineering projects can be reused or assembled for use according to actual conditions, so that certain economical efficiency is achieved.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for constructing a retaining wall using the above formwork system, comprising the steps of:

s1: erecting a template unit of the next retaining wall layer, and fixing the operation platform on the template unit of the next retaining wall layer;

s2: pouring a retaining wall layer through the operation platform;

s3: building a template unit of an upper retaining wall layer through an operation platform; removing the operating platform on the next layer of template unit and fixing the operating platform on the template unit of the last layer of retaining wall layer;

s4: and repeating the steps S2-S3 until the casting of the retaining wall is completed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. according to the invention, through the field-assembled safe operation platform, the construction period and the cost for erecting the floor scaffold as the operation platform are avoided, and the limitation that the floor scaffold cannot be erected as the operation platform due to the limitation of the field is avoided

2. The operation platform is installed on the retaining wall combined steel template in a socket mode, and the installation and the disassembly are convenient and flexible.

3. The combined steel formwork is provided with the longitudinal channel steel transverse ribs, the overall stability of the combined steel formwork is improved, the lower pull rod, the middle counter-pull rod and the upper end support rod are arranged when the retaining wall is installed in a mold, the advantages of strength and rigidity of the steel formwork are combined, and the structural size and the pouring quality of the retaining wall are guaranteed.

4. Although one end of the lower pull rod is welded and connected with the embedded steel bar and cannot be taken out for use subsequently, the lower pull rod is short in length and low in steel bar loss; PVC pipes are sleeved outside the middle part of the counter pull rod, and the counter pull rod can be taken out for recycling after the mould is removed; the upper steel pipe supporting rod can be repeatedly used. After the engineering is finished, the combined steel template can be disassembled into small-block steel templates, and other engineering projects can be reused or assembled for use according to actual conditions, so that certain economical efficiency is achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a formwork system for a retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevation view of a formwork system for a retaining wall according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the formwork units after connection.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of the second-layer retaining wall formwork units with the first-layer formwork units.

Illustration of the drawings: 1. an operating platform; 2. the pull rod penetrates into the hole; 3. a bolt; 4. a template unit; 5. transverse corrugation; 6. a square steel backing plate; 7. double nuts; 8. a short pull rod; 9. a long pull rod; 10. a sleeve; 11. a support bar; 12. a fastener; 13. embedding reinforcing steel bars in advance; 14. a drain pipe; 15. a sleeve; 16. a vertical bracing structure; 17. a diagonal bracing structure; 18. a platform body; 19. protecting the fence; 20. reinforcing steel bar stiffening ribs; 21. a screw.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the formwork system for a retaining wall of the present embodiment includes two formwork units 4 and an operation platform 1 corresponding to the formwork units 4, the two formwork units 4 are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the retaining wall, and a casting space of a retaining wall layer is formed between inner sides of the two formwork units 4; operation platform 1 locates on corresponding template unit 4, and operation platform 1 forms the operation place of pouring this layer retaining wall layer, setting up last layer retaining wall layer template unit 4.

Template unit 4 is formed by the combination that connects gradually of the small-size steel form of polylith along the length direction of retaining wall, and steel form size parameter is strong with the form alternative, can be according to the comparatively nimble prefabrication of on-the-spot actual conditions and assemble. The adjacent limit of two adjacent small-size steel form vertical passes through bolt 3 and connects, small-size steel form is assembled and is formed template unit 4 after connecting through bolt 3, on 4 lateral surfaces of template unit, the lower part respectively sets up a channel-section steel and violently stupefied 5, violently stupefied 5 extends along retaining wall's length direction, the channel-section steel is violently stupefied 5 and template unit 4 adopt welded connection, the while is violently stupefied 5 of channel-section steel and template unit 4 between the certain distance of interval set up reinforcing bar stiffening rib 20, it is corresponding with the round hole on the template unit 4 that the certain distance of interval is equipped with the round hole on the channel-section steel is violently stupefied 5, wear hole 2 as the pull rod of lower.

The small steel templates are prefabricated for factory processing, the width is generally 1 meter and 1.2 meters, the height is generally 1.2 meters and 1.5 meters, but the small steel templates are not limited to the width and the height, the specification can be determined according to the actual situation, and the heights of the combined steel templates for splicing and combining the retaining walls on the same layer are unified; the steel templates with different widths can be prefabricated according to the actual length of the retaining wall as accessories. The back of the small steel template is provided with longitudinal and transverse steel bar stiffening ribs, and bolt holes are formed in the reverse side steel bars on the periphery of the small steel template. The longitudinal and transverse stiffening ribs are welded with the steel molding plate.

The two template units 4 are tightened and fixed through a pull rod assembly.

As shown in fig. 3, the tie rod assembly includes a support rod 11, a long tie rod 9 and two short tie rods 8; the bracing piece 11 supports in the upper portion of two template unit 4, and long pull rod 9 is connected in the middle part of two template unit 4, and two short pull rods 8 and two template unit 4 one-to-one, the one end of short pull rod 8 is fixed with corresponding template unit 4, and the other end of short pull rod 8 and the embedded steel 13 welded fastening in the next floor retaining wall layer or in the concrete cushion.

One end of the lower short pull rod 8 is welded with the embedded steel bar 13 through round steel, and the other end is provided with a welding screw rod which penetrates through the pull rod penetrating hole 2, is padded into the square steel base plate 6 and then is fastened through a double nut 7; the middle section of the middle counter-pull rod 9 is round steel, two ends of the round steel are provided with welding screw rods, a PVC sleeve 10 is sleeved in the middle section, the welding screw rods at the two ends penetrate through the pull rod penetrating holes 2, a square steel base plate 6 is padded in the middle section, and then the double nuts 7 are fastened; the upper end of the supporting rod 11 is a steel pipe, and two ends of the upper end steel pipe supporting rod 11 are respectively provided with 1 fastener 12 as a limiting clamp at the inner side and the outer side of the joint position of the template unit 4. Furthermore, a drain pipe 14 is arranged in the casting space.

Although one end of the lower short pull rod 8 is welded with the embedded steel bar and cannot be taken out for use after subsequent pouring, the lower short pull rod is short in length and low in steel bar loss; PVC pipes are sleeved outside the middle part of the counter pull rod, and the counter pull rod can be taken out for recycling after the mould is removed; the upper steel pipe supporting rod can be repeatedly used. After the project is finished, the template unit 4 can be disassembled into small-module steel templates, other project projects can be reused or assembled for use according to actual conditions, and the method has certain economical efficiency.

The operating platform 1 comprises a support frame and a platform body 18 fixed at the upper end of the support frame, and a protective guard 19 is arranged at one end of the platform body 18 far away from the template unit 4.

In this embodiment, the supporting frame includes a vertical supporting structure 16 located below the platform body 18, and an inclined supporting structure 17 connected between the vertical supporting structure 16 and the platform body 18; the vertical bracing structure 16 is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the template unit 4.

The vertical support structure 16 comprises a plurality of vertical supports which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the vertical supports are fixedly connected with two transverse ridges 5. The upper portion and the lower portion of the vertical support are both sleeved with sleeves 15 fixed on the transverse ribs 5, the inclined support structure 17 is fixed with the sleeves 15 at the lower portion of the vertical support, and the platform body 18 is fixed with the sleeves 15 at the upper portion of the vertical support. The diagonal bracing structure 17 includes a plurality of diagonal braces, and the diagonal braces correspond to the vertical braces one to one.

The platform body 18 is formed by connecting cross rods and longitudinal steel pipes through fasteners to form a framework, a reinforcing mesh is fully paved on the framework, and the guard rail 19 is formed by connecting vertical rods and three horizontal cross rods through fasteners.

The vertical braces are inserted through the side openings 151 of the sleeves 15, the cross rods of the platform body 18 and the diagonal braces of the diagonal bracing structures 17 are supported on the sleeves 15 of the upper longitudinal channel steel and the lower longitudinal channel steel transverse ridges 5 respectively and form a whole with the template unit 4, the sleeves 15 are welded on the two channel steel transverse ridges 5 outside the template unit 4 at intervals, and the side openings of the sleeves 15 are through grooves extending to the upper end face and the lower end face.

The construction method for the retaining wall by adopting the template system of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

firstly, when a retaining wall cushion layer is poured, embedding reinforcing steel bars at proper positions around the wall body in a range according to the size of a retaining wall, and using the reinforcing steel bars as anchoring parts of lower short pull rods 8;

secondly, hoisting the template unit 4 in place, penetrating a lower short pull rod 8 and a middle long pull rod 10 from a longitudinal channel steel transverse ridge 5 after internal temporary support, welding one end of a round steel of the lower short pull rod 8 with a cushion layer embedded steel bar, penetrating a square steel base plate at one end of a screw rod outside the channel steel transverse ridge 5, and fastening by double nuts; the middle part of the opposite pull rod is sleeved in a PVC sleeve, lead screws at two ends of the opposite pull rod penetrate through a square steel base plate, and double nuts are fastened; the upper end support rod of the steel template is horizontally arranged and is vertical to the combined steel template, and the inner side and the outer side of the contact position of the steel pipe and the steel template are respectively fixed in a limiting way, so that the steel pipe forms an inner support and opposite pulling action;

thirdly, mounting the assembled safe operation platform on a combined steel template in a mode that a vertical support is laterally inserted into a sleeve 15;

fourthly, primarily correcting the horizontal position and the verticality of the retaining wall template, and fastening double nuts of the pull rod;

fifthly, adjusting and correcting the horizontal position and the verticality of the retaining wall template until meeting the standard requirement;

sixthly, pouring the concrete of the first layer of retaining wall;

and seventhly, after the concrete of the retaining wall of the first layer is poured, inserting a certain amount of reinforcing steel bars into proper positions on the periphery of the retaining wall to serve as anchoring connecting pieces of the pull rods at the lower part of the template unit of the second layer.

Eighthly, mounting the second layer of template units by means of the operating platform when the concrete poured on the first layer reaches a certain strength;

as shown in fig. 4, the lower ends of the second course retaining wall template units 4 are fixedly connected with the upper ends of the first course template units 4 by screws 21, and the operation platform 1 is removed, and the subsequent installation method is the same as the second to seventh steps.

Ninth, when the second layer of retaining wall concrete reaches a certain strength, the template unit 4 detached from the first layer can be used as a third layer of retaining wall template for installation, the third layer of template unit 4 and the second layer of template unit 4 are fixedly connected through bolts, and the subsequent installation method is the same as the second step to the seventh step;

and installing the retaining wall template units of subsequent layers and the like.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application in any way, and although the present application has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes and modifications within the technical scope of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application, and therefore all the changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The template system for the retaining wall is characterized by comprising two template units (4) and an operation platform (1) corresponding to the template units (4), wherein the two template units (4) are arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the retaining wall, and a pouring space of a retaining wall layer is formed between the inner side surfaces of the two template units (4); operation platform (1) is located on corresponding template unit (4), operation platform (1) forms the operation place of pouring this layer retaining wall layer and setting up last layer retaining wall layer template unit (4).

2. Formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that said operating platform (1) comprises a support frame fixed on the outer side of the formwork unit (4) and a platform body (18) fixed on the upper end of the support frame.

3. Formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that said supporting frame comprises a vertical bracing structure (16) located below the platform body (18), and a diagonal bracing structure (17) connected between the vertical bracing structure (16) and the platform body (18); the vertical supporting structure (16) is fixedly connected with the outer side surface of the template unit (4).

4. A formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of transverse ridges (5) are provided on the outer side surface of the formwork unit (4), the transverse ridges (5) extend along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the plurality of transverse ridges (5) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the retaining wall;

the vertical supporting structure (16) comprises a plurality of vertical supports which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the retaining wall, and the vertical supports are fixedly connected with two transverse ridges (5).

5. A formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein the upper and lower portions of the uprights are each fitted with a sleeve (15) fixed to a transverse ridge (5), the bracing structure (17) is fixed to the sleeve (15) of the lower portion of the upright, and the platform body (18) is fixed to the sleeve (15) of the upper portion of the upright.

6. Formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 5, characterized in that the circumferential surface of the sleeve (15) is provided with lateral openings (151) for the vertical braces to be pushed into the sleeve (15).

7. A formwork system for a retaining wall according to claim 4, characterized in that said bracing structure (17) comprises a plurality of braces, said braces corresponding one to the vertical braces.

8. A formwork system for a retaining wall according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the platform body (18) is provided with a guard rail (19) at the end remote from the formwork unit (4).

9. A formwork system for a retaining wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein two formwork units (4) are secured in tension by tie assemblies.

10. A method of constructing a retaining wall using the formwork system defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

s1: erecting a template unit (4) of a retaining wall layer, and fixing the operation platform (1) on the template unit (4) of the layer;

s2: pouring a retaining wall layer through the operation platform (1);

s3: building a template unit (4) of an upper retaining wall layer through the operation platform (1); the operation platform (1) is dismantled and fixed on the template unit (4) of the upper retaining wall layer;

s4: and repeating the steps S2-S3 until the casting of the retaining wall is completed.