CN111021406A - High-gravity concrete retaining wall structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
High-gravity concrete retaining wall structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 116
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and discloses a high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure and a construction method thereof, wherein the construction method comprises the following operation processes: dividing a flowing water section of a retaining wall → laying out in measurement → erecting a combined steel mould → establishing a circulating cooling water system → pouring concrete → measuring temperature of concrete → curing concrete → constructing a next layer of retaining wall; the method is simple and convenient to construct, the gravity type retaining wall structure is simple in appearance and size, a large number of steel bars are not needed for installation, and only simple templates are needed for positioning, supporting and reinforcing; hydration heat, which is mainly used for pouring the gravity type retaining wall by large-volume concrete, so that the hydration heat influence caused by the gravity type retaining wall is not neglected, the problem of hydration heat is solved, and the gravity type retaining wall is necessary for maintenance after pouring; and the earthquake-resistant performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure and a construction method thereof.
A high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure is a retaining wall which resists the lateral pressure of a soil body by the self weight of a wall body. The high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure can use block stones, sheet stones and concrete prefabricated blocks as masonry, or adopts sheet stone concrete and concrete to carry out integral pouring, and the structural appearance of the high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure can be generally made into a trapezoid, as shown in figure 1. Its advantages are use of local raw materials, convenient construction and high economic effect. Therefore, the high and large gravity type concrete retaining wall structure is widely applied to the projects of railways, highways, water conservancy, estuaries, mines and the like in China. Because the high and large gravity type concrete retaining wall structure keeps balance and stability by self weight. When the foundation is better and the height of the retaining wall is not large, a high gravity type concrete retaining wall structure is often selected.
The high and large gravity type concrete retaining wall structure is generally not provided with reinforcing steel bars or is only provided with a small amount of reinforcing steel bars in a local range, the height of the wall is below 6m, the stratum is stable, the adjacent building safety sections cannot be endangered when earth and stone are excavated, the economic benefit is obvious, and the method can be widely applied to retaining wall construction of plant roads, bridge abutments, revetments, banks and building foundations. However, the existing construction mode has the problems of complex construction degree and low construction efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the background technology, the invention provides the high-gravity concrete retaining wall structure and the construction method thereof, which not only reduce the construction cost, but also accelerate the construction progress, and solve the problems of the background technology.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
high big gravity type concrete retaining wall structure, its characterized in that: the left side gradient of the cross section of the wall body is 1:0.05, the right side gradient is 1:0.2, the wall body is divided into ten layers from top to bottom, a tie bar is arranged in each layer, the height of each layer is not more than 2 meters, the transverse horizontal seam is step-shaped, and the height of a step is 0.5-1 meter; the step length is 3000 and 4000 mm; the bottom height from left to right is low, sets up the built-in fitting in the middle of the basis, and the pre-buried location muscle A in wall body bottom is equipped with netted cooling tube in the inside, and the cooling tube is fixed through the support bar, and the support bar welding has irritated cement in the cooling tube on location muscle A.
Preferably, the width of the upper end of the cross section of the wall body is 8000mm, the total height of the left side is 19000mm, the height of the first layer and the second layer at the upper end is 12500mm, the height of the third layer to the ninth layer is 2000mm, the height of the tenth layer is 15mm, the height of the eleventh layer is 1000mm, and the length of the bottom end is 14923 mm; the transverse line spacing of the cooling pipes is 2 meters, and the distance between the outermost layer of the cooling pipes and the wall edge is 0.3 meter.
Preferably, the method comprises the following operation processes: dividing a flowing water section of a retaining wall → laying out in measurement → erecting a combined steel mould → establishing a circulating cooling water system → pouring concrete → measuring temperature of concrete → curing concrete → constructing a next layer of retaining wall;
wherein, the construction flowing water section is divided according to the construction section of the retaining wall, the construction section is 2 meters, a settlement joint is arranged at the construction position, and the step height is 0.5-1 meter; pre-burying a positioning rib A at a side line defined by the measurement paying-off, and installing a steel template; arranging an embedded part in the middle of the foundation, and pouring and fixing the embedded part and the ground interface by using concrete; a steel bar with the diameter of phi 22mm penetrates through a positioning hole of the steel template per se in a mode of 500mmx500mm to be used as a tie bar, and the tie bar is welded with an embedded part; the welding adopts double-sided welding; the contact part of the inward positioning hole and the tie bar of the steel template is supported and fixed by a nut and a gasket, and the outer side of the steel template is buckled by a butterfly fastener after the steel template is checked; the steel form is reinforced by a steel pipe with the diameter of 48mm on the outer side, a supporting pipe is arranged between the outer side of the steel form and the outer wall, the supporting pipe is arranged between the inner side of the steel form and the embedded part, and the steel pipe with the diameter of 48mm at the upper end of the steel form and the steel pipe with the diameter of 48mm at the outer side of the steel form are buckled by a cross fastener; when a second layer of steel templates is placed, a positioning rib B is arranged at a position 200mm below the finished surface of the first layer of concrete in a horizontal line, the positioning rib B is in a right-angle shape, the length is 500mm, the height is 400mm, and the concrete is filled in the positioning rib B for 100 mm; mounting layer by layer upwards; in the concrete construction process, a water circulation cooling pipe is pre-embedded in the structure in advance, and cooling water is introduced in time after the pouring is finished or in the pouring process; installing a temperature measuring probe to measure the temperature of the concrete; the concrete pouring adopts a tread layering method for construction, and when the concrete is constructed to a steel template, a method of side ash stacking and shovel material distribution is adopted; each layer is 500mm high and 2000mm wide; the pouring thickness of each layer is 500mm +/-50 mm, vibration and maintenance are carried out after pouring, and finally, cement is poured into the cooling pipe for filling.
Preferably, the length of the tie bar is set according to the width of concrete poured in a layered mode, and the angle is 45 degrees; when the welding adopts double-sided welding, the length is not less than 10d, the tie bars of the steel templates on two sides are welded in the horizontal position, the spacing between the positioning bars is 500mm, and the positioning bars are inserted into the ground and poured with concrete for fixation; using a phi 18mm steel bar as an embedded part with phi 25mm, the length of 1.0 meter and the embedding of 400mm, selecting the specification models of steel templates of 2000 x 1500 x 100mm and 1500mm x 1000mm x 100mm, and the wall thickness of 8 mm; hoisting by a crane; the diameter of a positioning hole of the steel template is 25 mm; the outer side of the steel template is reinforced by a phi 48mm steel pipe; the upper ends of the steel templates are connected by a phi 48mm steel pipe; the middle position is lapped by using three fasteners, the lapping length is 1.0 meter, and the step tightening effect is formed to buckle the upper ends of the steel templates at the two sides;
preferably, the cooling water pipe network is arranged in a partition mode according to the principle that cooling water flows from a hot center area to an edge area, a layer is arranged at the position of the center height of concrete, a water inlet pipe orifice is arranged at the position close to the center of the concrete, and a water outlet is arranged in the edge area of the concrete; the transverse distance between the cooling pipes is 2.0m, the distance between the outermost water pipe and the side of the retaining wall is 0.3m, the inlet and the outlet are led out of the side surface of the retaining wall by 0.5m, and the inlet and the outlet are both arranged at the post-cast strip; the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with stainless steel ball valves; the netted cooling tube sets up the horizontal direction and supports the steel reinforcement, among them support the steel reinforcement for HRB400 phi =20mm, the interval is 1.8m, weld on locating reinforcement A, and bind the cooling tube with supporting the steel reinforcement firmly, the cooling tube should be blanked and covered the silk first, the interface uses the straight thread bush to connect, the elbow uses two 90 degrees elbows and adds the straight tube to connect and make, set up the waterproof tape while installing the interface; when the pipes are distributed, the cooling pipes are staggered with the retaining wall temperature measuring probes; the reserved hole is required to be bypassed; when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete reaches 23 ℃, the operation preparation is well carried out, a water pump and a water tank are in place, and pipelines are communicated; the operation is started when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside reaches 25 ℃, and the water temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet is controlled within 5 ℃; after the water pipe network is installed, the water inlet pipe orifice and the water outlet pipe orifice are communicated with the water inlet header pipe, the water outlet header pipe and the water pump, and a water passing test is carried out to ensure that the water pipe is smooth and does not leak water; the cooling pipe is a DN48mm steel pipe, the wall thickness is 5mm, the cooling pipe is provided with a 50mm straight thread sleeve, and the ball valve is a 40mm stainless steel ball valve.
Preferably, when the concrete is poured, the low position is poured firstly, and when certain strength is achieved and initial setting is not achieved, large-area pouring is started along the direction of the section; horizontally and parallelly propelling, vertically adopting a continuous casting mode of stepped layered casting, natural flowing, sequential propelling and once-in-place, leaving no construction joint, enabling a bleeding layer to appear in one direction and be concentrated at the end part during casting, and pumping the bleeding out of the raft plate by using a water pump; during construction, personnel are arranged to observe, deviation occurs, and remediation and measurement rechecking are carried out immediately.
Preferably, the vibrating rods are arranged in three ways, the first way is arranged at a discharging point to enable the concrete to form a natural flowing slope, the second way is arranged at the bottom of the slope to ensure the lower part of the concrete to be compact, the third way is arranged in the middle of the step, and the moving distance and the inserting depth of each point on the step are controlled; vibrating is carried out vertically, fast insertion and slow pulling are carried out, insertion points are uniform, insertion is carried out vertically, and buckling is carried out layer by layer; the concrete is vibrated in a mode that an insertion vibrating rod is stretched into the bottom in advance and is gradually lifted along with the pouring of the concrete; the concrete pouring and the vibration are matched, and the pouring speed and the vibration time are controlled; vibrating an inserted vibrating rod with the specification of phi 50mm in a general place, and vibrating a step by using a vibrating rod with the specification of phi 30 mm; the moving sequence of the inserting points of the vibrating rod adopts a quincunx method, each vibrating point moves upwards from the lower end of the inclined plane, and the vibrating time is 20S.
Preferably, the temperature measuring probe is positioned at the center and the edge; the upper measuring point and the lower measuring point are both positioned at a distance of 10 cm from the surface of the concrete, the middle measuring point is positioned at the center of the thickness of the concrete bottom plate, and the measuring point in the heat preservation layer is positioned on the concrete under the surface moisturizing material; the measuring point in the air is positioned in the air about 1.5m above the surface of the concrete, and a hygrothermograph is installed; five temperature measuring probes are embedded in each area, 3 points are arranged at each position, and the temperature measuring probes are arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the concrete; after the positioning steel bars are bound, the temperature measuring probe is embedded at a specified position according to a temperature measuring plane layout; a phi 16mm steel bar (II level) is used as an attachment rod of a temperature measuring line, the temperature measuring line is sequentially bound on the steel bar, a plastic buckle is arranged between a temperature measuring probe and the phi 16mm steel bar, a lead is bound on a vertical steel bar and is connected into a concrete temperature measuring instrument in a number-matching manner, and the lead is drawn out after the vibration is finished; when measuring temperature, the instrument, the temperature measuring probe and the temperature measuring line are used in a matched mode, the serial number of the temperature measuring point position and temperature measurement are recorded, the nameplate is arranged at the position where the temperature measuring probe is buried, and the temperature measuring probe is pulled out after vibration is completed.
Preferably, after the concrete is poured, a specially-assigned person is arranged on the site to carry out maintenance, so that the concrete is prevented from being damaged by air drying, running water or machinery; the following measures are taken for maintenance:
(1) manually and continuously watering and maintaining;
(2) covering the concrete surface with water-absorbing material such as straw bag
(3) Providing temperature control measures for concrete, comprising:
1) mixing the concrete with cold water;
2) a sun-shading measure is added on a concrete transporting tool, so that the concrete exposure time is shortened;
3) the temperature of the bin surface is reduced by adopting water spray,
after the maintenance of the large-volume concrete of the retaining wall is finished, injecting P.O 42.5 cement paste into the reticular cooling pipe by adopting JBZ-2 type grouting equipment, wherein the water cement ratio is 0.5; after the cement slurry is solidified, the exposed part of the cooling pipe is cut off by a hand-held cutting machine.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the construction is simple and convenient, and gravity type barricade structure appearance and size are simple, also need not a large amount of reinforcing bar installations, only need simple template location support, consolidate can.
2. Hydration heat, and the gravity type retaining wall is mostly cast by large-volume concrete, so the hydration heat influence brought by the gravity type retaining wall is not negligible, the problem of hydration heat is solved, and the gravity type retaining wall is necessary for maintenance after casting.
3. The earthquake-resistant performance is excellent.
4. The wall surface is smooth and flat, the manufacturing cost is low, the land is less, and the shape is beautiful.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a prior art high gravity concrete retaining wall structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the division of the flowing water section of the retaining wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the first floor form installation of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the upper deck form of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the outer side surface reinforcement of the steel form of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the circulative cooling pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the fixing of the temperature probe according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a steel form; 2. embedding parts; 3. a cooling tube; 4. a phi 16mm steel bar, and 5, a plastic buckle; 6. a temperature measuring probe; 7. a steel pipe with diameter of 48 mm; 8. positioning the rib A; 9. positioning ribs B; 10. and (5) supporting the tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 2-7, the high gravity type concrete retaining wall structure is characterized in that: the left side gradient of the cross section of the wall body is 1:0.05, the right side gradient is 1:0.2, the wall body is divided into ten layers from top to bottom, a tie bar is arranged in each layer, the height of each layer is not more than 2 meters, the transverse horizontal seam is step-shaped, and the height of a step is 1 meter; the step length is 3000 mm; the bottom end is higher left and lower right; arranging an embedded part 2 in the middle of the foundation; a reticular cooling pipe (3) is arranged in the wall body, and cement is filled in the cooling pipe (3); the width of the upper end of the cross section of the wall body is 8000mm, the total height of the left side is 19000mm, the height of the first layer and the second layer at the upper end is 12500mm, the height of the third layer to the ninth layer is 2000mm, the height of the tenth layer is 15mm, the height of the eleventh layer is 1000mm, and the length of the bottom end is 14923 mm; the transverse line distance of the cooling pipes 3 is 2 meters, and the distance between the outermost layer of the cooling pipes 3 and the wall edge is 0.3 meter.
Referring to fig. 8, the construction method of the high gravity type concrete retaining wall structure is characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation processes: dividing a flowing water section of a retaining wall → laying out in measurement → erecting a combined steel mould → establishing a circulating cooling water system → pouring concrete → measuring temperature of concrete → curing concrete → constructing a next layer of retaining wall;
dividing the construction flowing water section according to the construction section of the retaining wall, wherein the construction section is 2 meters, setting a settlement joint at the construction position, and the step height is 1 meter; the specific process is as follows:
pre-burying a positioning rib A8 at a side line defined by the measurement paying-off, and installing a steel template 1; arranging an embedded part 2 in the middle of the foundation, and pouring and fixing the embedded part 2 and a ground interface by using concrete;
a steel bar with the diameter of phi 22mm penetrates through a positioning hole of the steel template 1 per se in a mode of 500mmx500mm to be used as a tie bar, and the tie bar is welded with the embedded part 2; the welding adopts double-sided welding; the contact part of the inward positioning hole and the tie bar of the steel template 1 is supported and fixed by a nut and a gasket, and the outer side of the steel template 1 is buckled by a butterfly fastener after the check is finished; the steel formwork 1 is reinforced by a steel pipe 7 with the diameter of 48mm arranged on the outer side of the steel formwork 1, a supporting pipe 10 is arranged between the outer side of the steel formwork 1 and an outer wall, the supporting pipe 10 is arranged between the inner side of the steel formwork 1 and the embedded part 2, and the steel pipe 7 with the diameter of 48mm at the upper end of the steel formwork 1 and the steel pipe 7 with the diameter of 48mm at the outer side of the steel formwork 1 are buckled by; when a second layer of steel templates 1 is placed, a positioning rib B9 is arranged at a position 200mm below the finished surface of the first layer of concrete in a horizontal line, and a positioning rib B9 is in a right-angle shape, has the length of 500mm and the height of 400mm and is 100mm after entering the concrete; mounting layer by layer upwards; in the concrete construction process, a water circulation cooling pipe 3 is pre-embedded in the structure in advance, cooling water is introduced in time after the pouring is finished or in the pouring process, partial heat of the concrete is taken away by the flowing of the cooling water by utilizing the heat conduction performance of the water pipe, and the temperature of the concrete is reduced; installing a temperature measuring probe 6 to measure the temperature of the concrete; the concrete pouring adopts a tread layering method for construction, when the concrete is constructed at the steel template 1, a method of side ash stacking and spade material distribution is adopted to prevent large impact on the template; each layer is 500mm high and 2000mm wide; the pouring thickness of each layer is 500mm +/-50 mm, vibration and maintenance are carried out after pouring, and finally cement is poured and filled in the cooling pipe 3.
The length of the tie bar is set according to the width of concrete poured in a layered mode, and the angle is 45 degrees; when the welding adopts double-sided welding, the length is not less than 10d, the tie bars of the steel templates 1 at two sides are welded at the horizontal position, the spacing between the positioning bars is 500mm, and the positioning bars are inserted into the ground and poured with concrete for fixation; using a phi 18mm steel bar as an embedded part 2 with phi 25mm, length of 1.0 meter and embedded into a steel template 1 with specification and model of 2000 x 1500 x 100mm and 1500mm x 1000mm x 100mm and wall thickness of 8 mm; hoisting by a crane; the diameter of a positioning hole of the steel template 1 is 25 mm; the outer side of the steel template 1 is reinforced by a steel pipe 7 with the diameter of 48 mm; the upper ends of the steel templates 1 are connected by steel pipes 7 with the diameter of phi 48 mm; the middle position is lapped by using three fasteners, the lapping length is 1.0 meter, and the step tightening effect is formed to buckle the upper ends of the steel templates 1 at the two sides;
the cooling water pipe network is arranged in a partition mode according to the principle that cooling water flows from a hot center area to an edge area, a layer is arranged at the position of the center height of concrete, a water inlet pipe opening is arranged at the position close to the center of the concrete, and a water outlet is arranged at the edge area of the concrete; the transverse distance between the cooling pipes 3 is 2.0m, the distance between the outermost water pipe and the side of the retaining wall is 0.3m, the water inlet and the water outlet are led out of the side face of the retaining wall by 0.5m, and the water inlet and the water outlet are both arranged at the post-cast strip; the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with stainless steel ball valves; the reticular cooling pipe (3) is provided with horizontal supporting steel bars, wherein the supporting steel bars are HRB400 phi =20mm, the distance is 1.8m, the supporting steel bars are welded on the positioning steel bars, the cooling pipe (3) and the supporting steel bars are firmly bound, and the water pipe deformation or the joint falling off to cause water blocking or water leakage in the concrete pouring process is prevented; the cooling pipe 3 is provided with a cutting sleeve, the connector is connected by a straight thread sleeve, the elbow is formed by connecting two 90-degree bent pipes and a straight pipe, and a waterproof adhesive tape is arranged during the installation of the connector to ensure that the connector is watertight; when the pipes are distributed, the cooling pipes 3 are staggered with the retaining wall temperature measuring probes 6; the reserved hole is required to be bypassed; according to the stage purpose of temperature reduction, the whole operation process of the water circulation cooling pipe 3 can be divided into initial cooling and later cooling, wherein the initial cooling is started after the initial setting of concrete or when the concrete is poured, and the purpose is to reduce the peak value of concrete cement hydration heat and reduce the temperature difference caused by hydration heat, thereby reducing the temperature stress caused by the temperature difference of the hydration heat and meeting the requirement of allowable temperature difference; when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete reaches 23 ℃, the operation preparation is well carried out, a water pump and a water tank are in place, and pipelines are communicated; the operation is started when the internal and external temperature difference reaches 25 ℃, and the water temperature difference of the inlet and the outlet is controlled within 5 ℃, so that cold contraction cracks at the internal pipe network caused by too fast heat dissipation are avoided; after the water pipe network is installed, the water inlet pipe orifice and the water outlet pipe orifice are communicated with the water inlet header pipe, the water outlet header pipe and the water pump, and a water passing test is carried out to ensure that the water pipe is smooth and does not leak water; the cooling pipe 3 is a DN48mm steel pipe, the wall thickness is 5mm, a sleeve with 50mm straight threads is arranged, and the ball valve is a 40mm stainless steel ball valve;
when concrete is poured, firstly pouring the low position, and when certain strength is achieved and initial setting is not achieved, beginning large-area pouring along the direction of the section; horizontally and parallelly propelling, vertically adopting a continuous casting mode of stepped layered casting, natural flowing, sequential propelling and once-in-place, leaving no construction joint, enabling a bleeding layer to appear in one direction and be concentrated at the end part during casting, and pumping the bleeding out of the raft plate by using a water pump; during construction, arranging personnel to observe, immediately remedying and carrying out measurement and rechecking when deviation occurs, and ensuring the forming effect of the concrete at the mould hanging position;
the vibrating rods are arranged in three ways, the first way is arranged at a discharging point to enable the concrete to form a natural flowing slope, the second way is arranged at a slope toe to ensure the lower part of the concrete to be compact, the third way is arranged in the middle of a step, and the moving distance and the inserting depth of each point on the step are controlled; vibrating is carried out vertically, fast insertion and slow pulling are carried out, insertion points are uniform, insertion is carried out vertically, and buckling is carried out layer by layer; the concrete is vibrated in a mode that an insertion vibrating rod is stretched into the bottom in advance and is gradually lifted along with the pouring of the concrete; the concrete pouring and the vibration are matched, and the pouring speed and the vibration time are controlled; vibrating a common place by using an inserted vibrating rod with the specification of 50mm, and vibrating a step by using a vibrating rod with the specification of 30 mm; the moving sequence of the inserting points of the vibrating rod adopts a quincunx method, each vibrating point moves upwards from the lower end of the inclined plane, the vibrating time is generally 20S, and meanwhile, the surface is subject to mortar overflowing according to the condition that air bubbles do not appear on the surface of concrete any more;
the temperature measuring probe 6 is positioned at representative parts such as the center, the edge and the like and parts with large temperature change, which are easy to dissipate heat, parts with large influence by the environmental temperature, and parts with the largest adiabatic temperature rise and the largest generated shrinkage tensile stress; the upper measuring point and the lower measuring point are both positioned at a distance of 10 cm from the surface of the concrete, the middle measuring point is positioned at the center of the thickness of the concrete bottom plate, and the measuring point in the heat preservation layer is positioned on the concrete under the surface moisturizing material; the measuring point in the air is positioned in the air about 1.5m above the surface of the concrete, and a hygrothermograph is installed; in order to prevent the embedded temperature measurement from being damaged or destroyed, the temperature measurement probe 6 is embedded before concrete pouring; 6 five temperature probes are embedded in each area, 3 points are arranged at each position, and the temperature probes are arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the concrete; a concrete cushion block is additionally arranged at the copper thermal resistor for protection, and each measuring point is subjected to resistance balance wiring so as to ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement reading; the branch lines are obliquely led out, reinforcing steel bars are arranged along the leading-out path, and the branch lines are fixed by waterproof adhesive tapes, are led out of the building and are led to the temperature measuring shed along the outer edge of the building; measures are taken to prevent the object from being damaged when the object is hung or the material is transported in other procedures; two electronic thermometers are adopted for temperature data acquisition; after the positioning steel bars are bound, the temperature measuring probe 6 is embedded at a specified position according to a temperature measuring plane layout; using a phi 16mm steel bar 4 II grade as an attachment rod of a temperature measuring wire, sequentially binding the temperature measuring wire on the steel bar, installing a plastic buckle 5 between a temperature measuring probe 6 and the phi 16mm steel bar 4, binding a lead on a vertical steel bar, connecting the lead into a concrete temperature measuring instrument in a matching manner, and drawing out the lead after vibrating; the temperature measuring wires are bundled together on the board and then are led into an on-site temperature measuring box in a unified way; when measuring the temperature, the instrument, the temperature measuring probe 6 and the temperature measuring line are matched for use, and the serial number of the temperature measuring point position and the temperature measurement are recorded so as to find the problem at any time; the atmospheric temperature is tested by a hygrothermograph, and 2 positions are hung in the field; a nameplate is arranged at the position where the temperature measuring probe 6 is embedded so as to prevent the concrete from being damaged in the pouring process and pouring tamping; when concrete is poured, a temperature-sensitive element of a temperature measuring line bound on the steel bar support is positioned at the temperature measuring probe 6 and cannot be in direct contact with the steel bar;
after concrete is poured, a specially-assigned person is arranged on the spot to carry out maintenance, so that the concrete is prevented from being damaged by air drying, running water or machinery; the following measures are taken for maintenance:
(1) manually and continuously watering and maintaining;
(2) covering the concrete surface with water-absorbing material such as straw bag
(3) Providing temperature control measures for concrete, comprising:
1) mixing the concrete with cold water;
2) a sun-shading measure is added on a concrete transporting tool, so that the concrete exposure time is shortened;
3) the temperature of the bin surface is reduced by adopting water spray,
in high-temperature seasons, concrete pouring is arranged in the morning and at night, and enough lighting facilities are required to be equipped on site when concrete is poured at night;
after the maintenance of the large-volume concrete of the retaining wall is finished, injecting P.O 42.5 cement paste into the meshed cooling pipes 3 by adopting JBZ-2 type grouting equipment, wherein the water cement ratio is 0.5; after the cement slurry is solidified, the exposed part of the cooling pipe 3 is cut off by a hand-held cutter.
Example 2
Different from the embodiment 1, the tie bar and the embedded part 2 are welded, and the welding adopts single-side welding, and the length is not less than 15 d.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a high big gravity type concrete retaining wall structure which characterized in that: the left side gradient of the cross section of the wall body is 1:0.05, the right side gradient is 1:0.2, the wall body is divided into ten layers from top to bottom, a tie bar is arranged in each layer, the height of each layer is not more than 2 meters, the transverse horizontal seam is step-shaped, and the height of a step is 0.5-1 meter; the step length is 3000 and 4000 mm; the bottom end is high at the left and low at the right, and an embedded part (2) is arranged in the middle of the foundation; the embedded positioning rib A (8) of wall body bottom, the inside netted cooling tube (3) that is equipped with of wall body, cooling tube (3) are fixed through the support bar, and the support bar welding has irritated cement in cooling tube (3) on positioning rib A (8).
2. The high gravity concrete retaining wall structure according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the upper end of the cross section of the wall body is 8000mm, the total height of the left side is 19000mm, the height of the first layer and the second layer at the upper end is 12500mm, the height of the third layer to the ninth layer is 2000mm, the height of the tenth layer is 15mm, the height of the eleventh layer is 1000mm, and the length of the bottom end is 14923 mm; the distance between the transverse lines of the cooling pipes (3) is 2 meters, and the distance between the outermost layer of the cooling pipes (3) and the wall edge is 0.3 meter.
3. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method comprises the following operation processes: dividing a flowing water section of a retaining wall → laying out in measurement → erecting a combined steel mould → establishing a circulating cooling water system → pouring concrete → measuring temperature of concrete → curing concrete → constructing a next layer of retaining wall;
wherein, the construction flowing water section is divided according to the construction section of the retaining wall, the construction section is 2 meters, a settlement joint is arranged at the construction position, and the step height is 0.5-1 meter; pre-burying a positioning rib A (8) at a side line defined by the measurement paying-off, and installing a steel template (1); arranging an embedded part (2) in the middle of the foundation, and pouring and fixing the embedded part (2) and a ground interface by using concrete; a steel bar with the diameter of phi 22mm penetrates through a positioning hole of the steel template (1) per se in a mode of 500mmx500mm to be used as a tie bar, and the tie bar is welded with the embedded part (2); the welding adopts double-sided welding; the contact part of the inward positioning hole and the tie bar of the steel template (1) is supported and fixed by a nut and a gasket, and the outer side of the steel template (1) is buckled by a butterfly fastener after the check is finished; the steel formwork (1) is reinforced by a steel pipe (7) with the diameter of 48mm arranged on the outer side, a supporting pipe (10) is arranged between the outer side of the steel formwork (1) and an outer wall, the supporting pipe (10) is arranged on the inner side of the steel formwork (1) and the embedded part (2), and the steel pipe (7) with the diameter of 48mm at the upper end of the steel formwork (1) and the steel pipe (7) with the diameter of 48mm at the outer side of the steel formwork (1) are buckled by a cross fastener; when a second layer of steel templates (1) is placed, a positioning rib B (9) is arranged at a position 200mm below the finished surface of the first layer of concrete in a horizontal line, the positioning rib B (9) is in a right-angle shape, the length is 500mm, the height is 400mm, and the concrete is filled for 100 mm; mounting layer by layer upwards; in the concrete construction process, a water circulation cooling pipe (3) is pre-embedded in the structure in advance, and cooling water is introduced in time after the pouring is finished or in the pouring process; a temperature measuring probe (6) is arranged to measure the temperature of the concrete; the concrete pouring adopts a tread layering method for construction, and when the concrete is constructed at the steel template (1), a method of side ash stacking and shovel material distribution is adopted; each layer is 500mm high and 2000mm wide; the pouring thickness of each layer is 500mm +/-50 mm, vibration and maintenance are carried out after pouring, and finally cement is poured and filled in the cooling pipe (3).
4. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: the length of the tie bar is set according to the width of concrete poured in a layered mode, and the angle is 45 degrees; when the welding adopts double-sided welding, the length is not less than 10d, the tie bars of the steel templates (1) at two sides are welded at the horizontal position, the spacing between the positioning bars is 500mm, and the positioning bars are inserted into the ground and cast with concrete for fixation; using a phi 18mm steel bar as an embedded part (2) with phi 25mm, the length of 1.0 meter and the thickness of 8mm, and embedding the embedded part into a steel template (1) with specifications of 2000 x 1500 x 100mm and 1500mm x 1000mm x 100 mm; hoisting by a crane; the diameter of a positioning hole of the steel template (1) is 25 mm; the outer side of the steel template (1) is reinforced by a steel pipe (7) with the diameter of 48 mm; the upper ends of the steel templates (1) are connected by a phi 48mm steel pipe (7); the middle position is lapped by using three fasteners, the lapping length is 1.0 m, and the step tightening effect is formed to buckle the upper ends of the steel templates (1) at the two sides.
5. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: the cooling water pipe network is arranged in a partition mode according to the principle that cooling water flows from a hot center area to an edge area, a layer is arranged at the position of the center height of concrete, a water inlet pipe opening is arranged at the position close to the center of the concrete, and a water outlet is arranged at the edge area of the concrete; the transverse distance between the cooling pipes (3) is 2.0m, the distance between the outermost water pipe and the side of the retaining wall is 0.3m, the water inlet and the water outlet are led out of the side face of the retaining wall by 0.5m, and the water inlet and the water outlet are both arranged at the post-cast strip; the water inlet and the water outlet are both provided with stainless steel ball valves; the netted cooling tube (3) is provided with horizontal direction supporting steel bars, wherein the supporting steel bars are HRB400 phi =20mm and have the interval of 1.8m, the supporting steel bars are welded on the positioning steel bars A (8), the cooling tube (3) and the supporting steel bars are firmly bound, the cooling tube (3) is fed with mantle fiber firstly, the connector is connected by a straight thread sleeve, the elbow is formed by connecting two 90-degree elbows and a straight tube, and a waterproof adhesive tape is arranged when the connector is installed; when the pipes are distributed, the cooling pipes (3) are staggered with the retaining wall temperature measuring probes (6); the reserved hole is required to be bypassed; when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete reaches 23 ℃, the operation preparation is well carried out, a water pump and a water tank are in place, and pipelines are communicated; the operation is started when the temperature difference between the inside and the outside reaches 25 ℃, and the water temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet is controlled within 5 ℃; after the water pipe network is installed, the water inlet pipe orifice and the water outlet pipe orifice are communicated with the water inlet header pipe, the water outlet header pipe and the water pump, and a water passing test is carried out to ensure that the water pipe is smooth and does not leak water; the cooling pipe (3) is a DN48mm steel pipe, the wall thickness is 5mm, a sleeve with 50mm straight threads is arranged, and the ball valve is a 40mm stainless steel ball valve.
6. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: when concrete is poured, firstly pouring the low position, and when certain strength is achieved and initial setting is not achieved, beginning large-area pouring along the direction of the section; horizontally and parallelly propelling, vertically adopting a continuous casting mode of stepped layered casting, natural flowing, sequential propelling and once-in-place, leaving no construction joint, enabling a bleeding layer to appear in one direction and be concentrated at the end part during casting, and pumping the bleeding out of the raft plate by using a water pump; during construction, personnel are arranged to observe, deviation occurs, and remediation and measurement rechecking are carried out immediately.
7. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: the vibrating rods are arranged in three ways, the first way is arranged at a discharging point to enable the concrete to form a natural flowing slope, the second way is arranged at a slope toe to ensure the lower part of the concrete to be compact, the third way is arranged in the middle of a step, and the moving distance and the inserting depth of each point on the step are controlled; vibrating is carried out vertically, fast insertion and slow pulling are carried out, insertion points are uniform, insertion is carried out vertically, and buckling is carried out layer by layer; the concrete is vibrated in a mode that an insertion vibrating rod is stretched into the bottom in advance and is gradually lifted along with the pouring of the concrete; the concrete pouring and the vibration are matched, and the pouring speed and the vibration time are controlled; vibrating an inserted vibrating rod with the specification of phi 50mm in a general place, and vibrating a step by using a vibrating rod with the specification of phi 30 mm; the moving sequence of the inserting points of the vibrating rod adopts a quincunx method, each vibrating point moves upwards from the lower end of the inclined plane, and the vibrating time is 20S.
8. The method for constructing a high gravity concrete retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: the position of the temperature measuring probe (6) is at the center and the edge; the upper measuring point and the lower measuring point are both positioned at a distance of 10 cm from the surface of the concrete, the middle measuring point is positioned at the center of the thickness of the concrete bottom plate, and the measuring point in the heat preservation layer is positioned on the concrete under the surface moisturizing material; the measuring point in the air is positioned in the air about 1.5m above the surface of the concrete, and a hygrothermograph is installed; five temperature probes (6) are embedded in each area, 3 points are arranged at each position, and the temperature probes are arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the concrete; after the positioning steel bars are bound, the temperature measuring probe (6) is embedded at a specified position according to a temperature measuring plane layout; a phi 16mm steel bar (4) (II level) is used as an attachment rod of a temperature measuring wire, the temperature measuring wire is sequentially bound on the steel bar, a plastic buckle (5) is arranged between a temperature measuring probe (6) and the phi 16mm steel bar (4), a lead is bound on a vertical steel bar and is connected into a concrete thermometer in a matching way, and the lead is drawn out after vibration is finished; when measuring temperature, the instrument, the temperature measuring probe (6) and the temperature measuring line are used in a matched mode, the serial number and the temperature measurement of the temperature measuring point position are recorded, the marking plate is arranged at the position where the temperature measuring probe (6) is buried, and the temperature measuring probe (6) is pulled out after vibrating.
9. The construction method of the high gravity type concrete retaining wall structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: after concrete is poured, a specially-assigned person is arranged on the spot to carry out maintenance, so that the concrete is prevented from being damaged by air drying, running water or machinery; the following measures are taken for maintenance:
(1) manually and continuously watering and maintaining;
(2) covering the concrete surface with water-absorbing material such as straw bag
(3) Providing temperature control measures for concrete, comprising:
1) mixing the concrete with cold water;
2) a sun-shading measure is added on a concrete transporting tool, so that the concrete exposure time is shortened;
3) the temperature of the bin surface is reduced by adopting water spray,
after the maintenance of the large-volume concrete of the retaining wall is finished, injecting P.O 42.5 cement paste into the reticular cooling pipe (3) by adopting JBZ-2 type grouting equipment, wherein the water cement ratio is 0.5; and after the cement paste is solidified, cutting the exposed part of the cooling pipe (3) by using a handheld cutting machine.
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