CN112411882A - Method for building ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column - Google Patents
Method for building ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column Download PDFInfo
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- CN112411882A CN112411882A CN202011362090.0A CN202011362090A CN112411882A CN 112411882 A CN112411882 A CN 112411882A CN 202011362090 A CN202011362090 A CN 202011362090A CN 112411882 A CN112411882 A CN 112411882A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/001—Corner fastening or connecting means for forming or stiffening elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/005—Strips for covering joints between form sections, e.g. to avoid burring or spilling of laitance
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/246—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets
Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column, which comprises the following steps: (1) processing the connecting joint of the steel bar and the steel column; (2) binding wall body reinforcing steel bars; step two, template and support frame engineering: (1) template system, (2) support frame system, (3) template construction key points; step three, concrete engineering: (1) pouring concrete, (2) maintaining the concrete; step four, vertical segmentation and construction joint treatment; the invention ensures the correctness of the shapes, the sizes and the relative positions of the engineering structure and the component; and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability; the structure is simple, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the joints of the templates are tight, and slurry cannot leak.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a construction method of an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column.
Background
For the present application, the retrieved patents are as follows:
the patent name: the invention discloses a construction method and a structure of a double-layer large-angle inclined lightweight concrete outer partition wall, and the structure comprises an inner side wall formwork and an outer side wall formwork which are obliquely and parallelly arranged, wherein the inner side wall formwork and the outer side wall formwork are fixedly connected through a split screw and a butterfly buckle, meanwhile, a group of wood beam supports are arranged between the inner side wall formwork and the outer side wall formwork, a horn-shaped pouring gate is arranged at the top of the inner side wall formwork and the top of the outer side wall formwork, and a movable baffle is arranged in the horn-shaped pouring gate. The invention can realize the synchronous pouring of the concrete of the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the double-layer concrete wall, balance the stress on two sides and reduce the risk of mold expansion, thereby achieving the purposes of ensuring the pouring quality of the concrete and shortening the construction period.
The patent name: an ultra-long stiff concrete column batter post structure at least comprises a rigid joint, a batter post template, a chain block, a steel bar, a concrete column, a channel steel support and a supporting scaffold; the rigid joint is arranged at one end of the inclined column structure, and the inclination angle of the rigid joint is consistent with that of the inclined column; the inclined column templates are symmetrically arranged around the inclined column and are tightly connected with the lower end of the rigid joint; the concrete column is arranged in the inclined plate template and is filled in the whole inclined column structure; the reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the concrete column in a net shape and are tightly attached to the concrete column; the channel steel support is arranged on one inclined side of the inclined column structure device and connected with the inclined column template; the support scaffold is arranged on the fixed formwork outside the inclined column formwork; the chain block is arranged on the back side of the inclined column in the inclined direction; the ultra-long stiff concrete column batter post is simple in structure, simplified in components, convenient to disassemble, optimized in supporting mode, high in supporting strength, large in bearing capacity, strong in practicability and suitable for popularization and use.
The patent name: the invention discloses a self-balancing template system structure of an inclined stiff column. The inclined stiff column self-balancing template system structure adopts bolt steel bars to transversely penetrate through a column reinforcing template, and the bolt steel bars which cannot transversely penetrate through the column reinforcing template are directly welded to a steel column; and meanwhile, template supporting steel bars are welded on the upper inclined surface of the steel column, and the distance between the template supporting steel bars is the same as the vertical distance between the bolt steel bars. The oblique force borne by the column template is transmitted to the steel column through the template supporting steel bar, so that the inclined column template is supported and hung downwards, and the self-balance of the inclined column lower inclined surface template can be realized without scaffold support.
No patent of invention similar to the present application was found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a construction method of an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column, and solves the problem that the similar construction cylindrical column is inclined outwards at an angle of 75 degrees with the ground.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows:
a method for constructing an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, reinforcing steel bar engineering:
(1) and (3) processing the connecting joint of the steel bar and the steel column:
the steel rib column and the horizontal rib, the frame beam, the hidden beam, the vertical rib of the wall body and the like on the upper layer of the foundation are mutually collided, the connection node mainly considers the modes of avoiding, communicating, breaking welding, local opening and the like, and in order to facilitate the welding connection of the steel bars, the bracket is arranged at the corresponding elevation position of the steel rib column, the length of the bracket meets the requirement of the minimum length of the steel bar double-sided welding 5d, and the vertical rib of the hidden column of the wall body is notched at the position of the bracket so as to facilitate the communication of the;
(2) binding wall reinforcing steel bars:
connecting hidden column steel bars → binding hidden columns → binding connecting beams → binding wall meshes → adjusting the vertical flatness of the wall → adding cushion blocks;
1) wall body starting rib: the lowest horizontal rib of the wall body is a starting rib which is 50mm away from the floor and is buckled and firmly bound with the vertical reinforcing steel bar, the distance between the starting rib of the vertical rib of the wall body and the side of the embedded column is 50mm, and the distance between the first stirrup and the floor is 3 cm;
2) firstly erecting 2-4 vertical ribs, marking horizontal rib grading marks, then binding two horizontal ribs at the lower part and the position of the chest alignment part for fixing, marking the grading marks on the horizontal ribs, then binding the rest vertical ribs, and finally binding the rest horizontal ribs;
3) when binding the horizontal ribs, drawing the grading line of each horizontal rib on the two end columns by chalk, wherein the spacing is 200mm, and drawing small white lines for leveling after binding;
4) vertical reinforcing steel bars: before binding the horizontal ribs, the position of each vertical rib is adjusted, after the wall hidden column reinforcing steel bars are bound, the wall hidden column is hung vertically by a line weight, and particularly, the positions of the internal and external corners of the door opening are required to be vertical;
5) when the wall reinforcing steel bars are bound, ladder bar supports are placed, the ladder bar supports are phi 16-phi 14 reinforcing steel bars, do not replace the wall reinforcing steel bars and only play a role in supporting, the distance is 1200mm, the distance between the cross braces is 200mm, and horizontal ladder bars are added at the upper opening of the wall;
the reinforcing steel bars of the wall body cannot be left buckled in a binding mode, all binding screw heads face inwards, the inner horizontal bar and the outer horizontal bar are bound on the same horizontal plane, the height marking point of red paint on the hidden column is used as a standard, and the height marking point is a 1000mm horizontal control point of the building;
the cushion blocks of the reinforcing steel bar protection layer are cement mortar cushion blocks or plastic clips, are arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 600mm, and the first way is 250mm away from the floor surface;
the joints of the hidden column steel bars are staggered by 500mm, and the vertical bars are bound in place and tightly attached to the stirrups during binding;
step two, template and support frame engineering:
(1) template system:
the inclined cylinder column is large in overall size and high in height, in order to guarantee the geometric dimension and the impression quality of the cylinder column, an outer template of the cylinder column is matched by adopting an angle model system and a nine-splint template system, and common templates are adopted for bulk loading in the cylinder body due to arrangement of a rest platform of a stair, a platform plate of a floor and the like;
in order to facilitate the matching of the modulus of the angle die and the wood template and ensure the straight and direct connection of the outer edge, the external angle steel die is processed by factory customization, and the dimensional precision is higher. Meanwhile, the sizes of battens, templates, steel pipes and the like used on the outer side of the cylindrical column are required to be uniform, namely the templates adopt high-quality nine-splint with the thickness of 13mm, the inner ridges adopt the space of 40 multiplied by 90mm battens of 200mm, the outer ridges adopt the space of 500mm between phi 48 double steel pipes, the bidirectional space of 500mm is reserved between M12 split bolts, the cylindrical column is positioned on the outer wall of the basement, and the split bolts are provided with water stop sheets;
(2) a support frame system:
1) the support system is summarized as follows:
the supporting system adopts a fastener type steel pipe scaffold, the inner and outer frame bodies of the cylinder are synchronously erected, and embedded part plates are embedded in the inner and outer sides of the cylinder wall at certain intervals in order to facilitate the pulling connection of the frame bodies and the main structure;
the interior of the cylindrical column is built in layers according to floor distribution elevations, the space between vertical rods of full framing scaffolds in the cylindrical column is 1m, the space between vertical rods of full framing scaffolds below a 1300mm thick floor is 0.45m calculated by a special scheme of a high formwork, when the floor height exceeds 6m, a cantilever support is arranged on the back of the wall for unloading, and when the floor height is within 6m, 1-2 rows of inclined vertical rods can be built near the outer side for supporting;
the scaffold with the outer back inclined plane of the cylindrical column is integrally erected with the adjacent full hall frame on the same floor, when no connected floor slab exists at the upper part, a 1.8m wide bent is erected, and when the height exceeds 6m, an overhanging bracket is arranged for unloading;
the method comprises the following steps that full framing scaffolds are erected outside a cylindrical column together according to a peripheral structure, wherein the distance between vertical rods of the scaffolds on two sides of the long side of the cylindrical column is 1.4m, support frames with horizontal structures on the upper parts are erected according to the required distance calculated by inspection, a scaffold is erected along the width direction of the cylindrical column within the projection range of the lower inclined plane of the cylindrical column at the row distance of 1m, considering that the width of a frame body is smaller towards the upper part and the stability of an inclined support rod is poorer, 4 pull rings are pre-embedded at the root part of each layer of wall in the cylindrical column, 10 # channel steel or double steel pipes are additionally arranged outside the double steel pipes of the outer edge of a template and are vertical to an outer edge, the elevation is preferably positioned at 2/3 of the pouring height of the layer, a steel wire rope or a guide chain penetrates through one end of the template and is tied to the pull ring;
the pull ring is pre-embedded before each floor slab concrete is poured, the pull ring is made of steel with the diameter of 16 three levels, the length of each edge embedded in the floor slab concrete is not less than 0.5m, and the end part of the pull ring is made into a 180-degree hook;
2) the setting of the cantilever bracket:
the cantilever support is vertically arranged in a row every four steps, and the horizontal distance is the same as the vertical rod distance. And the wall embedded parts are welded and fixed.
The cantilever platform is a triangular cantilever support made of channel steel, support rods are 48 multiplied by 3 steel pipes and form an angle of 45 degrees with a horizontal beam of the channel steel, the channel steel is welded and fixed with embedded parts, the embedded parts are steel plates with the thickness of 10mm, the plane size is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the lengths of four C14 anchor bars are 200mm, and the end parts of the four C14 anchor bars are made into 135-degree hooks;
the cantilever beam is provided with a positioning point for reliably fixing the scaffold upright rod and the steel beam, and the distance between the weldable short steel bar and the cantilever beam end is not less than 150 mm;
3) ground treatment of the landing support frame:
when the outer support frame of the cylinder is positioned on the backfill soil, apart from properly watering and tamping the backfill soil according to the standard layered backfill, hardening the foundation, pouring a C15 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100mm, and simultaneously, in order to enlarge the stress area of the bottom of the support frame, the thickness of the cushion at the lower part of the upright stanchion is not less than 50mm of skid or channel steel;
4) pole setting and horizontal pole:
the distance between the vertical rods is as described above, the horizontal step distance is 1.8m, the vertical and horizontal rods are fully arranged in each step, the scaffolds around the cylindrical column can be communicated and can be enclosed into a closed type, and the vertical rods outside the cylindrical column exceed the projection area of the cylindrical column by at least 2 rows to serve as an operation surface;
5) the wall connecting piece is arranged:
the frame body and the four walls in the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3, the four sides of the frame body are tightly propped against the template supports so as to better share the load of the template system with two inclined planes, and the frame body and the cylinder outside the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3;
the wall attaching mode is that embedded parts are welded by steel pipes and are connected with frame body fasteners. The spacing is set according to 3 steps per 2 steps, and steel pipes are adopted for drawing;
6) the scissors are arranged:
2 vertical cross braces are arranged in the projection range of the cylinder column in parallel with the long side direction of the cylinder column, one cross brace is arranged in parallel with the short side direction according to 8m, and the vertical cross braces are communicated from bottom to top;
along with the increase of the height of the scaffold, a horizontal scissor support is vertically arranged every 8m, and the first horizontal scissor support is arranged on the sweeping rod;
7) the inclined strut is arranged:
in the projection range under the inclined plane of the cylinder, arranging steel pipes and jacking diagonal braces perpendicular to the inclined plane direction, arranging at least 5 diagonal braces in the horizontal direction at each step vertically, jacking and supporting the diagonal braces on the outer edges of the template to ensure that the brace is tight and does not slide, and plugging hard wood plugs, thick steel bars, short steel pipes and the like if necessary;
(3) the construction key points of the template are as follows:
1) the component templates of concrete columns, walls, beams and the like are mainly fixed by adopting split bolts, the spacing of the split bolts is determined by calculation according to factors such as different component sizes, concrete pouring modes, speeds and the like, the vertical load effect of the inclined plane template is considered, the spacing of the split bolts is slightly encrypted, and the split bolts are arranged according to the bidirectional spacing of 400 mm;
2) because two surfaces of the cylinder column are inclined surfaces, when the height of one-time pouring exceeds 4m, a door can be left on the back inclined surface, so that vibration is facilitated;
3) pre-drilling holes in the embedded parts in contact with the surface of the template during processing, and fixing the embedded parts by using M6 bolts during installation to ensure that the surfaces of iron parts and concrete are clean and flat;
4) in the process of pouring concrete, a carpenter who has good technology and strong responsibility center looks at the formwork, finds problems and reports the problems in time and corrects the problems;
5) for the cylindrical wall serving as the outer wall of the basement, a split bolt with a water stop sheet is used, the size of the water stop sheet is 50 multiplied by 3, two sides of the water stop sheet are fully welded with a screw rod, two ends of the water stop sheet are blocked by plastic gaskets, the water stop sheet is removed after the form is removed, and waterproof mortar is used for filling the water stop sheet;
6) the design and installation of the template and the support must meet the following regulations;
the correctness of the shapes, the sizes and the relative positions of the engineering structures and the components is ensured; and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability; the structure is simple, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the joints of the templates are tight, and slurry cannot leak;
step three, concrete engineering:
(1) pouring concrete:
adopt concrete pump truck cantilever to pour, can adopt the mode of tower crane cooperation hopper when the section of thick bamboo post is pour the difficulty. Because the wall thickness is smaller, the concrete vibration operation of two inclined planes of the cylinder column is more difficult than that of a vertical wall body, in order to ensure that the vibrating rod can be inserted into the bottom to avoid vibration leakage, a vibrating rod hose can be tied on a bamboo pole with a certain length, and multiple persons are suitable for cooperation during operation, when the casting height is higher at one time, a door can be opened on a back inclined plane template for segmental casting and tamping;
the hidden column parts at the four corners are internally provided with steel ribs due to the fact that the diameters of longitudinal ribs are large, and large and small stirrups are densely distributed, and need to be carefully poured and tamped in the pouring process, and whether the hidden column parts are compact or not is observed by matching knocking from the outside of a template;
the self-compacting concrete can be applied to pouring if common concrete is predicted to be difficult to pour compactly through site investigation before pouring;
(2) concrete maintenance:
the vertical load of the inclined plane wall is fully considered in the form removal of the cylinder column, the form removal period is properly prolonged, the plastic film is adopted for wrapping and curing immediately after the template is removed from the outer side of the cylinder wall, and the inner wall of the cylinder column can be reinforced and cured in a spray watering mode;
step four, vertical segmentation and construction joint treatment:
the cylinder column is divided into vertical construction sections along with the elevation of a horizontal structure, when the upper part of the cylinder column is continuously higher and has no horizontal structure, the construction height of each section is preferably controlled within 4m, and the inner ring cylinder column is arranged at the position below the elevation of the joint of the H-shaped steel of the steel reinforced column and the truss circular tube by 300 mm;
the bottom construction joint of the outer wall shear wall is left at a position 300 mm-500 mm above the top surface of the foundation, a steel plate water stop is arranged, the bottom construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the top surface of the foundation, and the upper construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the bottom of each layer of beam slab and the elevation of the slab top according to pouring arrangement;
the horizontal construction joint of the column wall is preferably roughened by steel chisel after the concrete is finally set but before the concrete is completely hardened each time, floating ash, slag and the like of the construction joint are removed before secondary pouring or mold sealing, and stone-removed mortar with the same label is used for carrying out slurry receiving treatment before pouring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the correctness of the shapes, the sizes and the relative positions of the engineering structures and the components is ensured; and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability; the structure is simple, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the joints of the templates are tight, and slurry cannot leak.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is an elevation view showing the connection of steel columns and concrete beam reinforcing bars;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a template system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the erection of the column scaffolding support system;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a triangular cantilever support node.
Detailed Description
A method for constructing an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column comprises the following steps:
step one, reinforcing steel bar engineering:
(1) and (3) processing the connecting joint of the steel bar and the steel column:
as shown in fig. 1: the steel rib column and the horizontal rib 1, the frame beam, the hidden beam, the vertical rib 2 of the wall body and the like on the upper layer of the foundation are mutually collided, the connection joint mainly considers the modes of avoiding, communicating, breaking, welding, local hole forming and the like, and in order to facilitate the welding connection of the steel bars, a bracket 3 is arranged at the corresponding elevation position of the steel rib column, the length of the bracket meets the requirement of the minimum length of the double-sided welding 5d of the steel bars, and the vertical rib of the hidden column of the wall body is notched at the position of the bracket so as to communicate;
(2) steel bar welding requirements
The welding rod is adopted strictly according to the following requirements:
the length requirement of the steel bar welding is as follows:
(3) binding wall reinforcing steel bars:
connecting hidden column steel bars → binding hidden columns → binding connecting beams → binding wall meshes → adjusting the vertical flatness of the wall → adding cushion blocks;
1) wall body starting rib: the lowest horizontal rib of the wall body is a starting rib which is 50mm away from the floor and is buckled and firmly bound with the vertical reinforcing steel bar, the distance between the starting rib of the vertical rib of the wall body and the side of the embedded column is 50mm, and the distance between the first stirrup and the floor is 3 cm;
2) firstly erecting 2-4 vertical ribs, marking horizontal rib grading marks, then binding two horizontal ribs at the lower part and the position of the chest alignment part for fixing, marking the grading marks on the horizontal ribs, then binding the rest vertical ribs, and finally binding the rest horizontal ribs;
3) when binding the horizontal ribs, drawing the grading line of each horizontal rib on the two end columns by chalk, wherein the spacing is 200mm, and drawing small white lines for leveling after binding;
4) vertical reinforcing steel bars: before binding the horizontal ribs, the position of each vertical rib is adjusted, after the wall hidden column reinforcing steel bars are bound, the wall hidden column is hung vertically by a line weight, and particularly, the positions of the internal and external corners of the door opening are required to be vertical;
5) when the wall reinforcing steel bars are bound, ladder bar supports are placed, the ladder bar supports are phi 16-phi 14 reinforcing steel bars, do not replace the wall reinforcing steel bars and only play a role in supporting, the distance is 1200mm, the distance between the cross braces is 200mm, and horizontal ladder bars are added at the upper opening of the wall;
the reinforcing steel bars of the wall body cannot be left buckled in a binding mode, all binding screw heads face inwards, the inner horizontal bar and the outer horizontal bar are bound on the same horizontal plane, the height marking point of red paint on the hidden column is used as a standard, and the height marking point is a 1000mm horizontal control point of the building;
the cushion blocks of the reinforcing steel bar protection layer are cement mortar cushion blocks or plastic clips, are arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 600mm, and the first way is 250mm away from the floor surface;
the joints of the hidden column steel bars are staggered by 500mm, and the vertical bars are bound in place and tightly attached to the stirrups during binding;
step two, template and support frame engineering:
(1) template system:
as shown in fig. 2: the inclined cylinder column is large in overall size and high in height, in order to guarantee the geometric dimension and the impression quality of the cylinder column, an outer template of the cylinder column is matched by adopting an angle template system 4 and a nine-splint template system 5, and common templates are adopted for bulk loading in the cylinder body due to arrangement of a rest platform of a stair, a platform plate of a floor and the like;
in order to facilitate the matching of the modulus of the angle die and the wood template and ensure the straight and direct connection of the outer edge, the external angle steel die is processed by factory customization, and the dimensional precision is higher. Meanwhile, the sizes of battens, templates, steel pipes and the like used on the outer side of the cylindrical column are required to be uniform, namely the templates adopt high-quality nine-splint with the thickness of 13mm, the inner ridges adopt the space of 40 multiplied by 90mm battens of 200mm, the outer ridges adopt the space of 500mm between phi 48 double steel pipes, the bidirectional space of 500mm is reserved between M12 split bolts, the cylindrical column is positioned on the outer wall of the basement, and the split bolts are provided with water stop sheets;
(2) a support frame system:
1) the support system is summarized as follows:
as shown in fig. 3: the supporting system adopts a fastener type steel pipe scaffold, the inner and outer frame bodies of the cylinder are synchronously erected, and embedded part plates are embedded in the inner and outer sides of the cylinder wall at certain intervals in order to facilitate the pulling connection of the frame bodies and the main structure;
the interior of the cylindrical column is built in layers according to floor distribution elevations, the space between vertical rods of 6 full framing scaffolds in the cylindrical column is 1m, the space between vertical rods of the full framing scaffold under a 1300mm thick floor is 0.45m calculated in a special scheme of a high formwork, when the floor height exceeds 6m, an overhanging bracket 7 is arranged on the back of the wall for unloading, and when the floor height is within 6m, 1-2 rows of inclined vertical rods can be built near the outer side for supporting;
the scaffold with the outer back inclined plane of the cylindrical column is integrally erected with the adjacent full hall frame on the same floor, when no connected floor slab exists at the upper part, a 1.8m wide bent is erected, and when the height exceeds 6m, an overhanging bracket is arranged for unloading;
the method comprises the following steps that full framing scaffolds are erected outside a cylindrical column together according to a peripheral structure, wherein the distance between vertical rods of the scaffolds on two sides of the long side of the cylindrical column is 1.4m, support frames with horizontal structures on the upper parts are erected according to the required distance calculated by inspection, a scaffold is erected along the width direction of the cylindrical column within the projection range of the lower inclined plane of the cylindrical column at the row distance of 1m, considering that the width of a frame body is smaller towards the upper part and the stability of an inclined support rod is poorer, 4 pull rings are pre-embedded at the root part of each layer of wall in the cylindrical column, 10 # channel steel or double steel pipes are additionally arranged outside the double steel pipes of the outer edge of a template and are vertical to an outer edge, the elevation is preferably positioned at 2/3 of the pouring height of the layer, a steel wire rope or a guide chain penetrates through one end of the template and is tied to the pull ring;
the pull ring is pre-embedded before each floor slab concrete is poured, the pull ring is made of steel with the diameter of 16 three levels, the length of each edge embedded in the floor slab concrete is not less than 0.5m, and the end part of the pull ring is made into a 180-degree hook;
2) the setting of the cantilever bracket:
as shown in fig. 4: the cantilever support is vertically arranged in a row every four steps, and the horizontal distance is the same as the vertical rod distance. And the wall embedded parts are welded and fixed.
The cantilever platform 8 is a triangular cantilever support made of channel steel, support rods are 48 multiplied by 3 steel pipes and form an angle of 45 degrees with a horizontal beam of the channel steel, the channel steel is welded and fixed with an embedded part 9, the embedded part is a steel plate with the thickness of 10mm, the plane size is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the length of four C14 anchor bars is 200mm, and the end part of the four C14 anchor bars is made into a 135-degree hook;
the cantilever beam is provided with a positioning point for reliably fixing the scaffold upright rod and the steel beam, and the distance between the weldable short steel bar and the cantilever beam end is not less than 150 mm;
3) ground treatment of the landing support frame:
when the outer support frame of the cylinder is positioned on the backfill soil, apart from properly watering and tamping the backfill soil according to the standard layered backfill, hardening the foundation, pouring a C15 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100mm, and simultaneously, in order to enlarge the stress area of the bottom of the support frame, the thickness of the cushion at the lower part of the upright stanchion is not less than 50mm of skid or channel steel;
4) pole setting and horizontal pole:
the distance between the vertical rods is as described above, the horizontal step distance is 1.8m, the vertical and horizontal rods are fully arranged in each step, the scaffolds around the cylindrical column can be communicated and can be enclosed into a closed type, and the vertical rods outside the cylindrical column exceed the projection area of the cylindrical column by at least 2 rows to serve as an operation surface;
5) the wall connecting piece is arranged:
the frame body and the four walls in the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3, the four sides of the frame body are tightly propped against the template supports so as to better share the load of the template system with two inclined planes, and the frame body and the cylinder outside the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3;
the wall attaching mode is that embedded parts are welded by steel pipes and are connected with frame body fasteners. The spacing is set according to 3 steps per 2 steps, and steel pipes are adopted for drawing;
6) the scissors are arranged:
2 vertical cross braces are arranged in the projection range of the cylinder column in parallel with the long side direction of the cylinder column, one cross brace is arranged in parallel with the short side direction according to 8m, and the vertical cross braces are communicated from bottom to top;
along with the increase of the height of the scaffold, a horizontal scissor support is vertically arranged every 8m, and the first horizontal scissor support is arranged on the sweeping rod;
7) the inclined strut is arranged:
in the projection range under the inclined plane of the cylinder, arranging steel pipes and jacking diagonal braces perpendicular to the inclined plane direction, arranging at least 5 diagonal braces in the horizontal direction at each step vertically, jacking and supporting the diagonal braces on the outer edges of the template to ensure that the brace is tight and does not slide, and plugging hard wood plugs, thick steel bars, short steel pipes and the like if necessary;
(3) the construction key points of the template are as follows:
1) the component templates of concrete columns, walls, beams and the like are mainly fixed by adopting split bolts, the spacing of the split bolts is determined by calculation according to factors such as different component sizes, concrete pouring modes, speeds and the like, the vertical load effect of the inclined plane template is considered, the spacing of the split bolts is slightly encrypted, and the split bolts are arranged according to the bidirectional spacing of 400 mm;
2) because two surfaces of the cylinder column are inclined surfaces, when the height of one-time pouring exceeds 4m, a door can be left on the back inclined surface, so that vibration is facilitated;
3) pre-drilling holes in the embedded parts in contact with the surface of the template during processing, and fixing the embedded parts by using M6 bolts during installation to ensure that the surfaces of iron parts and concrete are clean and flat;
4) in the process of pouring concrete, a carpenter who has good technology and strong responsibility center looks at the formwork, finds problems and reports the problems in time and corrects the problems;
5) for the cylindrical wall serving as the outer wall of the basement, a split bolt with a water stop sheet is used, the size of the water stop sheet is 50 multiplied by 3, two sides of the water stop sheet are fully welded with a screw rod, two ends of the water stop sheet are blocked by plastic gaskets, the water stop sheet is removed after the form is removed, and waterproof mortar is used for filling the water stop sheet;
6) the design and installation of the template and the support must meet the following regulations;
the correctness of the shapes, the sizes and the relative positions of the engineering structures and the components is ensured; and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability; the structure is simple, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the joints of the templates are tight, and slurry cannot leak;
step three, concrete engineering:
(1) pouring concrete:
adopt concrete pump truck cantilever to pour, can adopt the mode of tower crane cooperation hopper when the section of thick bamboo post is pour the difficulty. Because the wall thickness is smaller, the concrete vibration operation of two inclined planes of the cylinder column is more difficult than that of a vertical wall body, in order to ensure that the vibrating rod can be inserted into the bottom to avoid vibration leakage, a vibrating rod hose can be tied on a bamboo pole with a certain length, and multiple persons are suitable for cooperation during operation, when the casting height is higher at one time, a door can be opened on a back inclined plane template for segmental casting and tamping;
the hidden column parts at the four corners are internally provided with steel ribs due to the fact that the diameters of longitudinal ribs are large, and large and small stirrups are densely distributed, and need to be carefully poured and tamped in the pouring process, and whether the hidden column parts are compact or not is observed by matching knocking from the outside of a template;
the self-compacting concrete can be applied to pouring if common concrete is predicted to be difficult to pour compactly through site investigation before pouring;
(2) concrete maintenance:
the vertical load of the inclined plane wall is fully considered in the form removal of the cylinder column, the form removal period is properly prolonged, the plastic film is adopted for wrapping and curing immediately after the template is removed from the outer side of the cylinder wall, and the inner wall of the cylinder column can be reinforced and cured in a spray watering mode;
step four, vertical segmentation and construction joint treatment:
the cylinder column is divided into vertical construction sections along with the elevation of a horizontal structure, when the upper part of the cylinder column is continuously higher and has no horizontal structure, the construction height of each section is preferably controlled within 4m, and the inner ring cylinder column is arranged at the position below the elevation of the joint of the H-shaped steel of the steel reinforced column and the truss circular tube by 300 mm;
the bottom construction joint of the outer wall shear wall is left at a position 300 mm-500 mm above the top surface of the foundation, a steel plate water stop is arranged, the bottom construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the top surface of the foundation, and the upper construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the bottom of each layer of beam slab and the elevation of the slab top according to pouring arrangement;
the horizontal construction joint of the column wall is preferably roughened by steel chisel after the concrete is finally set but before the concrete is completely hardened each time, floating ash, slag and the like of the construction joint are removed before secondary pouring or mold sealing, and stone-removed mortar with the same label is used for carrying out slurry receiving treatment before pouring.
The inclined cylindrical column is a hollow thin-walled column with a section in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui', the sizes of the outer diameter sections are unified to be 7200 x 4200mm, and the thickness of the cylindrical wall is 300 mm. The inner ring cylinder column structure is used as a roof steel truss support, the outer ring and the connecting platform cylinder column are mainly in a vertical surface shape, and the building using function is mainly used as a stair, a ventilation shaft and the like.
The construction principle is as follows: the construction technology solves the problems of oversized space and ultrahigh support inclined cylinder column construction, and adopts inner and outer side wall sectional type concrete pouring, the four corners of the cylinder are provided with stiff H-shaped steel as a framework, the concrete is poured out for construction, the large space inside the cylinder is distributed with full framing scaffold supports, the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with a sectional overhanging support as an operation framing scaffold support, the integrated steel is hoisted, the steel bars are tightly connected with the steel bars, the inside full framing scaffold supports/the outside overhanging scaffold, the formwork is reinforced and supported, and the concrete is poured into a whole to form the construction method, so that the construction difficulty of oversized space and ultrahigh support cylinder columns is solved.
The construction process flow comprises the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps of (after the steel bars of the bottom plate are installed), pre-buried column base bolts → a column wall plate and hidden column dowel bars → erecting a suspended formwork, reserving a construction joint structure → first pouring of column concrete → erecting a scaffold → installing a first section of steel column → steel bar binding → installing a formwork (when a horizontal structure exists, a formwork is paved firstly and steel bars are bound later) → pouring the concrete of the layer → installing the steel column layer by layer, binding the steel bars, installing the formwork and pouring the concrete till the top layer truss is divided into sections → installing the outer ring truss → binding the steel bars and installing the formwork → pouring the concrete to the top.
Claims (1)
1. A method for constructing an ultrahigh and oversized space inclined cylindrical column is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, reinforcing steel bar engineering:
(1) and (3) processing the connecting joint of the steel bar and the steel column:
the steel rib column and the horizontal rib, the frame beam, the hidden beam, the vertical rib of the wall body and the like on the upper layer of the foundation are mutually collided, the connection node mainly considers the modes of avoiding, communicating, breaking welding, local opening and the like, and in order to facilitate the welding connection of the steel bars, the bracket is arranged at the corresponding elevation position of the steel rib column, the length of the bracket meets the requirement of the minimum length of the steel bar double-sided welding 5d, and the vertical rib of the hidden column of the wall body is notched at the position of the bracket so as to facilitate the communication of the;
(2) binding wall reinforcing steel bars:
connecting hidden column steel bars → binding hidden columns → binding connecting beams → binding wall meshes → adjusting the vertical flatness of the wall → adding cushion blocks;
1) wall body starting rib: the lowest horizontal rib of the wall body is a starting rib which is 50mm away from the floor and is buckled and firmly bound with the vertical reinforcing steel bar, the distance between the starting rib of the vertical rib of the wall body and the side of the embedded column is 50mm, and the distance between the first stirrup and the floor is 3 cm;
2) firstly erecting 2-4 vertical ribs, marking horizontal rib grading marks, then binding two horizontal ribs at the lower part and the position of the chest alignment part for fixing, marking the grading marks on the horizontal ribs, then binding the rest vertical ribs, and finally binding the rest horizontal ribs;
3) when binding the horizontal ribs, drawing the grading line of each horizontal rib on the two end columns by chalk, wherein the spacing is 200mm, and drawing small white lines for leveling after binding;
4) vertical reinforcing steel bars: before binding the horizontal ribs, the position of each vertical rib is adjusted, after the wall hidden column reinforcing steel bars are bound, the wall hidden column is hung vertically by a line weight, and particularly, the positions of the internal and external corners of the door opening are required to be vertical;
5) when the wall reinforcing steel bars are bound, ladder bar supports are placed, the ladder bar supports are phi 16-phi 14 reinforcing steel bars, do not replace the wall reinforcing steel bars and only play a role in supporting, the distance is 1200mm, the distance between the cross braces is 200mm, and horizontal ladder bars are added at the upper opening of the wall;
the reinforcing steel bars of the wall body cannot be left buckled in a binding mode, all binding screw heads face inwards, the inner horizontal bar and the outer horizontal bar are bound on the same horizontal plane, the height marking point of red paint on the hidden column is used as a standard, and the height marking point is a 1000mm horizontal control point of the building;
the cushion blocks of the reinforcing steel bar protection layer are cement mortar cushion blocks or plastic clips, are arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 600mm, and the first way is 250mm away from the floor surface;
the joints of the hidden column steel bars are staggered by 500mm, and the vertical bars are bound in place and tightly attached to the stirrups during binding;
step two, template and support frame engineering:
(1) template system:
the inclined cylinder column is large in overall size and high in height, in order to guarantee the geometric dimension and the impression quality of the cylinder column, an outer template of the cylinder column is matched by adopting an angle model system and a nine-splint template system, and common templates are adopted for bulk loading in the cylinder body due to arrangement of a rest platform of a stair, a platform plate of a floor and the like;
in order to facilitate the matching of the modulus of the angle die and the wood template and ensure the straight and direct connection of the outer edge, the external angle steel die is processed by factory customization, the dimensional accuracy is higher, meanwhile, the sizes of the battens, the templates, the steel pipes and the like used on the outer side of the cylindrical column must be unified, namely the templates adopt high-quality nine-clamp plates with the thickness of 13mm, the inner edge adopts the space of 40 multiplied by 90mm battens of 200mm, the outer edge adopts the space of 500mm of phi 48 double steel pipes, the bidirectional space of 500mm of M12 split bolts, the cylindrical column is positioned on the outer wall of the basement, and the split bolts are provided with water;
(2) a support frame system:
1) the support system is summarized as follows:
the supporting system adopts a fastener type steel pipe scaffold, the inner and outer frame bodies of the cylinder are synchronously erected, and embedded part plates are embedded in the inner and outer sides of the cylinder wall at certain intervals in order to facilitate the pulling connection of the frame bodies and the main structure;
the interior of the cylindrical column is built in layers according to floor distribution elevations, the space between vertical rods of full framing scaffolds in the cylindrical column is 1m, the space between vertical rods of full framing scaffolds below a 1300mm thick floor is 0.45m calculated by a special scheme of a high formwork, when the floor height exceeds 6m, a cantilever support is arranged on the back of the wall for unloading, and when the floor height is within 6m, 1-2 rows of inclined vertical rods can be built near the outer side for supporting;
the scaffold with the outer back inclined plane of the cylindrical column is integrally erected with the adjacent full hall frame on the same floor, when no connected floor slab exists at the upper part, a 1.8m wide bent is erected, and when the height exceeds 6m, an overhanging bracket is arranged for unloading;
the method comprises the following steps that full framing scaffolds are erected outside a cylindrical column together according to a peripheral structure, wherein the distance between vertical rods of the scaffolds on two sides of the long side of the cylindrical column is 1.4m, support frames with horizontal structures on the upper parts are erected according to the required distance calculated by inspection, a scaffold is erected along the width direction of the cylindrical column within the projection range of the lower inclined plane of the cylindrical column at the row distance of 1m, considering that the width of a frame body is smaller towards the upper part and the stability of an inclined support rod is poorer, 4 pull rings are pre-embedded at the root part of each layer of wall in the cylindrical column, 10 # channel steel or double steel pipes are additionally arranged outside the double steel pipes of the outer edge of a template and are vertical to an outer edge, the elevation is preferably positioned at 2/3 of the pouring height of the layer, a steel wire rope or a guide chain penetrates through one end of the template and is tied to the pull ring;
the pull ring is pre-embedded before each floor slab concrete is poured, the pull ring is made of steel with the diameter of 16 three levels, the length of each edge embedded in the floor slab concrete is not less than 0.5m, and the end part of the pull ring is made into a 180-degree hook;
2) the setting of the cantilever bracket:
the cantilever support is vertically arranged in a row every four steps, and the horizontal distance is the same as the vertical rod distance. The wall embedded parts are welded and fixed;
the cantilever platform is a triangular cantilever support made of channel steel, support rods are 48 multiplied by 3 steel pipes and form an angle of 45 degrees with a horizontal beam of the channel steel, the channel steel is welded and fixed with embedded parts, the embedded parts are steel plates with the thickness of 10mm, the plane size is 150 multiplied by 150mm, the lengths of four C14 anchor bars are 200mm, and the end parts of the four C14 anchor bars are made into 135-degree hooks;
the cantilever beam is provided with a positioning point for reliably fixing the scaffold upright rod and the steel beam, and the distance between the weldable short steel bar and the cantilever beam end is not less than 150 mm;
3) ground treatment of the landing support frame:
when the outer support frame of the cylinder is positioned on the backfill soil, apart from properly watering and tamping the backfill soil according to the standard layered backfill, hardening the foundation, pouring a C15 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100mm, and simultaneously, in order to enlarge the stress area of the bottom of the support frame, the thickness of the cushion at the lower part of the upright stanchion is not less than 50mm of skid or channel steel;
4) pole setting and horizontal pole:
the distance between the vertical rods is as described above, the horizontal step distance is 1.8m, the vertical and horizontal rods are fully arranged in each step, the scaffolds around the cylindrical column can be communicated and can be enclosed into a closed type, and the vertical rods outside the cylindrical column exceed the projection area of the cylindrical column by at least 2 rows to serve as an operation surface;
5) the wall connecting piece is arranged:
the frame body and the four walls in the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3, the four sides of the frame body are tightly propped against the template supports so as to better share the load of the template system with two inclined planes, and the frame body and the cylinder outside the cylinder are attached to the wall in a spanning mode in 2 steps 3;
the wall attaching mode is that embedded parts are welded by steel pipes and are connected with frame body fasteners. The spacing is set according to 3 steps per 2 steps, and steel pipes are adopted for drawing;
6) the scissors are arranged:
2 vertical cross braces are arranged in the projection range of the cylinder column in parallel with the long side direction of the cylinder column, one cross brace is arranged in parallel with the short side direction according to 8m, and the vertical cross braces are communicated from bottom to top;
along with the increase of the height of the scaffold, a horizontal scissor support is vertically arranged every 8m, and the first horizontal scissor support is arranged on the sweeping rod;
7) the inclined strut is arranged:
in the projection range under the inclined plane of the cylinder, arranging steel pipes and jacking diagonal braces perpendicular to the inclined plane direction, arranging at least 5 diagonal braces in the horizontal direction at each step vertically, jacking and supporting the diagonal braces on the outer edges of the template to ensure that the brace is tight and does not slide, and plugging hard wood plugs, thick steel bars, short steel pipes and the like if necessary;
(3) the construction key points of the template are as follows:
1) the component templates of concrete columns, walls, beams and the like are mainly fixed by adopting split bolts, the spacing of the split bolts is determined by calculation according to factors such as different component sizes, concrete pouring modes, speeds and the like, the vertical load effect of the inclined plane template is considered, the spacing of the split bolts is slightly encrypted, and the split bolts are arranged according to the bidirectional spacing of 400 mm;
2) because two surfaces of the cylinder column are inclined surfaces, when the height of one-time pouring exceeds 4m, a door can be left on the back inclined surface, so that vibration is facilitated;
3) pre-drilling holes in the embedded parts in contact with the surface of the template during processing, and fixing the embedded parts by using M6 bolts during installation to ensure that the surfaces of iron parts and concrete are clean and flat;
4) in the process of pouring concrete, a carpenter who has good technology and strong responsibility center looks at the formwork, finds problems and reports the problems in time and corrects the problems;
5) for the cylindrical wall serving as the outer wall of the basement, a split bolt with a water stop sheet is used, the size of the water stop sheet is 50 multiplied by 3, two sides of the water stop sheet are fully welded with a screw rod, two ends of the water stop sheet are blocked by plastic gaskets, the water stop sheet is removed after the form is removed, and waterproof mortar is used for filling the water stop sheet;
6) the design and installation of the template and the support must meet the following regulations;
the correctness of the shapes, the sizes and the relative positions of the engineering structures and the components is ensured; and has sufficient strength, rigidity and stability; the structure is simple, and the disassembly and the assembly are convenient; the joints of the templates are tight, and slurry cannot leak;
step three, concrete engineering:
(1) pouring concrete:
adopt concrete pump truck cantilever to pour, can adopt the mode of tower crane cooperation hopper when the section of thick bamboo post is pour the difficulty. Because the wall thickness is smaller, the concrete vibration operation of two inclined planes of the cylinder column is more difficult than that of a vertical wall body, in order to ensure that the vibrating rod can be inserted into the bottom to avoid vibration leakage, a vibrating rod hose can be tied on a bamboo pole with a certain length, and multiple persons are suitable for cooperation during operation, when the casting height is higher at one time, a door can be opened on a back inclined plane template for segmental casting and tamping;
the hidden column parts at the four corners are internally provided with steel ribs due to the fact that the diameters of longitudinal ribs are large, and large and small stirrups are densely distributed, and need to be carefully poured and tamped in the pouring process, and whether the hidden column parts are compact or not is observed by matching knocking from the outside of a template;
the self-compacting concrete can be applied to pouring if common concrete is predicted to be difficult to pour compactly through site investigation before pouring;
(2) concrete maintenance:
the vertical load of the inclined plane wall is fully considered in the form removal of the cylinder column, the form removal period is properly prolonged, the plastic film is adopted for wrapping and curing immediately after the template is removed from the outer side of the cylinder wall, and the inner wall of the cylinder column can be reinforced and cured in a spray watering mode;
step four, vertical segmentation and construction joint treatment:
the cylinder column is divided into vertical construction sections along with the elevation of a horizontal structure, when the upper part of the cylinder column is continuously higher and has no horizontal structure, the construction height of each section is preferably controlled within 4m, and the inner ring cylinder column is arranged at the position below the elevation of the joint of the H-shaped steel of the steel reinforced column and the truss circular tube by 300 mm;
the bottom construction joint of the outer wall shear wall is left at a position 300 mm-500 mm above the top surface of the foundation, a steel plate water stop is arranged, the bottom construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the top surface of the foundation, and the upper construction joint of the inner wall shear wall is left at the bottom of each layer of beam slab and the elevation of the slab top according to pouring arrangement;
the horizontal construction joint of the column wall is preferably roughened by steel chisel after the concrete is finally set but before the concrete is completely hardened each time, floating ash, slag and the like of the construction joint are removed before secondary pouring or mold sealing, and stone-removed mortar with the same label is used for carrying out slurry receiving treatment before pouring.
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| CN115306037A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-08 | 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 | Construction method of inclined core barrel |
| CN115637872A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-01-24 | 北京市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Construction method for installing cross-floor inclined column in existing floor |
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| CN115637872B (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-21 | 北京市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Construction method for installing cross-floor inclined column in existing floor |
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