CN110590485B - Fso2n3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用 - Google Patents
Fso2n3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110590485B CN110590485B CN201910506332.XA CN201910506332A CN110590485B CN 110590485 B CN110590485 B CN 110590485B CN 201910506332 A CN201910506332 A CN 201910506332A CN 110590485 B CN110590485 B CN 110590485B
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- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 title description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
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- -1 azide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 125
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- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006276 transfer reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 188
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical group CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 173
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 138
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical group CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 135
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 134
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfoxide Natural products CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 48
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
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- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000006736 Huisgen cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
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- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000004366 heterocycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002393 azetidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003566 oxetanyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004193 piperazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003386 piperidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-diisopropylethylamine Substances CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L caesium carbonate Chemical compound [Cs+].[Cs+].[O-]C([O-])=O FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000024 caesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000005332 diethylamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical group CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002757 morpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000003678 cyclohexadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CCC1)* 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000006547 cyclononyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 100
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 69
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 48
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 36
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 34
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- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000000375 direct analysis in real time Methods 0.000 description 26
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
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- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 24
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
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- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- QAGYXMQZSHPCMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diazosulfamoyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)N=[N+]=[N-] QAGYXMQZSHPCMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 10
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
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- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl diazide Chemical class [N-]=[N+]=NS(=O)(=O)N=[N+]=[N-] HSVFKFNNMLUVEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DDGFYLQKZFKNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(4-azidopyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)N=[N+]=[N-] DDGFYLQKZFKNDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009492 vitamin B5 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
- C01B21/083—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more halogen atoms
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
- C01B21/086—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more sulfur atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B43/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C247/00—Compounds containing azido groups
- C07C247/02—Compounds containing azido groups with azido groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton
- C07C247/08—Compounds containing azido groups with azido groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being unsaturated
- C07C247/10—Compounds containing azido groups with azido groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton being unsaturated and containing rings
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C247/00—Compounds containing azido groups
- C07C247/14—Compounds containing azido groups with azido groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C247/00—Compounds containing azido groups
- C07C247/16—Compounds containing azido groups with azido groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/36—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of amides of sulfonic acids
- C07C303/40—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of amides of sulfonic acids by reactions not involving the formation of sulfonamide groups
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- C07C311/00—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C311/48—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of sulfonamide groups further bound to another hetero atom
- C07C311/49—Amides of sulfonic acids, i.e. compounds having singly-bound oxygen atoms of sulfo groups replaced by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups having nitrogen atoms of sulfonamide groups further bound to another hetero atom to nitrogen atoms
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D211/36—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D211/66—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals attached in position 4 having a hetero atom as the second substituent in position 4
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- C07D211/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D211/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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- C07D211/84—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D211/90—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/36—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms
- C07D213/42—Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms having hetero atoms attached to the substituent nitrogen atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/62—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
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- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D231/38—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D231/56—Benzopyrazoles; Hydrogenated benzopyrazoles
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- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
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- C07D233/64—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. histidine
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- C07D235/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings
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- C07D235/04—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles
- C07D235/06—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 2
- C07D235/14—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms
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- C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
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- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种FSO2N3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用。使用FSO2N3化合物进行重氮转移反应(diazo transfer)可从一级胺基化合物(包括一级烷基胺类化合物(R‑NH2),(杂)芳基胺类化合物(Ar‑NH2)或磺酰胺类化合物(RSO2NH2))快速、安全、高收率地制备对应的叠氮化合物(R‑N3,Ar‑N3或RSO2N3);且操作简单、高效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种FSO2N3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用。
背景技术
叠氮类官能团在有机合成中有着极为重要和广泛的用途,但是由于该类化合物都具有很高的能量,在合成,储存,运输过程中都有很大的安全隐患,导致合成和使用不易。人类目前掌握的合成叠氮类化合物的方法很有限,其中烷基,酰基,磺酰基叠氮大部分使用亲核取代反应,使用NaN3在极性溶剂中取代离去性官能团获得。通过重氮转移(diazotransfer)机制合成对应叠氮化合物已经见诸文献报道(J.Org.Chem.1972,37(22),3567;Tetrahedron Letters,1996,6029-6032;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2002, 10773;Org.Lett.2007,3797;Advanced Synthesis&Catalysis 2010,2515;J.Org.Chem.2010,6532.等最有代表性)。该方法有几点显而易见的优势:1)、可以从对应的烷基胺基类化合物(R-NH2),(杂)芳基氨基类化合物(Ar-NH2),磺酰胺基类化合物(R-SO2NH2)直接合成对应的叠氮类化合物;2)、由于反应机制不涉及相邻碳原子中心的手性翻转,对应的手性化合物绝对构型得到保持;3)、官能团兼容性较好,同时胺基类化合物是有机化合物中最大量的一类物质,这样就使得该转化有着化学反应中最大的底物适用空间。
但是已知的主要三种可以进行重氮转移的试剂,包括CF3SO2N3(J.Org.Chem.1972,37(22),3567; Tetrahedron Letters,1996,6029-6032),imidozole-Sulfonyl azide(Org.Lett.2007,3797),NfSO2N3 (Advanced Synthesis&Catalysis 2010,2515),它们都具有明显的弱点:1)、合成不易,一般的实验室由于安全原因很难合成该类物质;2)、同时该系列化合物在合成过程中存在重大的安全隐患,例如 CF3SO2N3的合成,就涉及使用三氟甲磺酸酐(Tf2O)和水以及NaN3的混合使用,该操作会产生具有很大爆炸风险的叠氮酸(HN3);imidazole-SO2N3类化合物曾经被商业化,但由于其盐酸盐在储存时水解产生HN3发生爆炸事故(Org.Lett.2011,13(9),2514),该类化合物的储存和运输都具有很大风险; 3)、以上三种试剂的重氮转移反应都需要催化量的铜盐等重金属作为催化剂,反应时间需要数个小时到一天以上,反应较慢。如果希望高效反应则需要大大过量的转移试剂参与(Tetrahedron Letters 2015),这样无疑大大加大了反应过程中和后处理过程中的安全隐患。
美国杜邦公司于1966年的专利(US3418088A)中报道用LiN3,4倍量SO2F2在Me2O/DMF中室温反应19小时并蒸馏得到FSO2N3;该反应时间长、较为危险且产率仅有35%。J.K.Ruff在1965年报道用NaN3,S2O5F2在MeNO2中反应14小时后蒸馏得到FSO2N3;该反应产率也仅有65%(Inorg. Chem.1965,4(4),567)。由于缺乏更高效安全的制备方法来制备得到FSO2N3,加上其存在的危险性,限制了对FSO2N3特性的研究;目前还没有关于其应用的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种FSO2N3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用。使用FSO2N3作为重氮转移试剂进行重氮转移反应(diazo transfer),可从一级胺基化合物(包括一级脂肪烃基胺类化合物(R-NH2), (杂)芳基胺类化合物(Ar-NH2)或磺酰胺类化合物(RSO2NH2))快速、安全、高收率地制备对应的叠氮化合物(R-N3,Ar-N3或RSO2N3);并可一步法制备得三氮唑化合物;且操作简单、高效。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的。
本发明提供了一种FSO2N3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用。
所述的应用中,FSO2N3为叠氮化试剂或重氮转移试剂。
所述的应用,其可包括如下步骤,在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将FSO2N3与含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物或其盐进行如下所示的重氮转移反应,得到含有如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物,即可;
其中,所述的式I所示的结构片段不与-C(=O)-或-S(=O)-直接连接(即,该式I所示的结构片段不为 -C(=O)-NH2或-S(=O)-NH2中的结构片段)。
其中,所述的溶剂可为本领域该类反应中常规的溶剂,例如水、腈类溶剂(例如乙腈MeCN)、醇类溶剂(例如甲醇、乙醇和叔丁醇中的一种或多种)、芳烃类溶剂(例如苯、甲苯、三氟甲苯和氟苯中的一种或多种)、卤代烷烃类溶剂(例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和1,2-二氯乙烷中的一种或多种)、二氧化硫、烷烃类溶剂(例如石油醚30-60、石油醚60-90和正己烷中的一种或多种)、酯类溶剂(例如乙酸乙酯)、酮类溶剂(例如丙酮)、醚类溶剂(例如甲基叔丁基醚MTBE、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种)、亚砜类溶剂(例如二甲基亚砜DMSO)、酰胺类溶剂(例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF) 和N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;较佳地为醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、二甲基亚砜与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:亚砜类溶剂:水的体积比可为(2~5):(4~15):1(例如 MTBE:DMSO:H2O的体积比为(2~5):(10~15):1,又例如2.5:4:1、5:15:1、(2~3):10:1、2:12:1)},或者,醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:腈类溶剂:水的体积比可为20:1:20(例如MTBE:MeCN:H2O的体积比为20:1:20)},或者,醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:酰胺类溶剂:水的体积比可为(1.5~3):(2~10):1(例如MTBE:DMF:H2O的体积比为3.4:10:2、2.9:6.25:1、2:2:1)}。
其中,所述的碱可为本领域该类反应中常规的碱,可为无机碱(例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾和磷酸钾中的一种或多种)和/或有机碱(例如三乙胺、N, N-二异丙基乙胺、吡咯、吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、1,8- 二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和四甲基乙二胺中的一种或多种),较佳地为碳酸氢钾。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中的式I所示的结构片段与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如2:1~1:2(又例如1:1)。
其中,所述的碱与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如3:1~4:1。
其中,所述反应的温度可为本领域该类反应中常规的温度,例如0℃~60℃,较佳地为10℃~30℃(例如25℃~30℃)。
其中,所述溶剂的用量可为本领域中常规的用量,以不影响反应即可。例如,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物与所述的溶剂的摩尔体积比可为0.01mol/L~0.2mol/L。
其中,所述反应的进程可以由薄层层析(TLC)、19F NMR或高效液相色谱(HPLC)进行监测。反应时间可为1分钟~48小时,更佳的时间为5分钟~1小时。
所述的应用,较佳地,还包括如下步骤:所述的反应结束后,所述的叠氮化合物,可不经分离,直接用于后续的反应。例如直接进行1,3-偶极环加成反应,又例如Cu催化的炔烃-叠氮化物环加成(点击)反应(Cu-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition,简称CuAAC或CuAAC click反应)制备三氮唑化合物。
所述的应用,较佳地为利用点击化学反应原理进行模块化的制备得到所述的叠氮化合物。
所述的应用,较佳地,所述的重氮转移反应的原料仅为所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物、 FSO2N3、所述的碱及所述的溶剂。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐可为本领域常用的酸保护的胺的盐或碱加成盐。所述的酸可为本领域常规的酸,例如无机酸和/或有机酸,又例如盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和草酸中的一种或多种;所述的碱加成盐可为本领域常规的碱加成盐,例如无机碱的盐和/或有机碱的盐,又例如钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、二乙胺盐和三乙胺盐中的一种或多种。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中,所述的式I所示的结构片段的个数可为一个或多个,例如1、2、3、4或5个。
在某一方案中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物为R-NH2;相应的叠氮化合物为R-N3;
其中,R为R1或所述的R1和R2独立地选自R1-1取代或未取代的烃基,所述的烃基选自如下的一个取代基或者多个取代基连接形成的基团:烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基、环烷基、环烯基、杂环烷基、杂环烯基、芳基和杂芳基;当为多个取代基连接形成的基团时,所述的取代基相同或不同(当多个取代基连接形成的基团时,所述的取代基的连接个数和位置可不做限定,只要在这样的连接会产生稳定的化合物即可;当为两个环体系的取代基连接时,可为融合的、桥联的或螺的二环系统);R1-1取代的个数为一个或者多个;当为多个时,相同或不同;
“杂”代表N(例如)、O(例如-O-或=O)、S(例如-S-或=S)、-C(=O)-、-C(=S)-、-S(=O)-、 -S(=O)2-、-C(=O)O-、的杂原子或杂原子团,杂原子或杂原子团的个数选自1、2、3、4、5或6;
R1-1独立地选自卤素、-OH、-CN、-SH、-NO2、-COOH、-C(=O)-NH2、-S(=O)-NH2或=O(即,碳原子上的两个偕氢被基团O取代)。
在某一方案中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物为R-NH2;相应的叠氮化合物为R-N3;
其中,R为R1或所述的R1和R2各自独立地为R1-1取代或未取代的烃基;所述的“R1-1”可独立地为本领域常规的取代基,以不影响反应即可,例如卤素(例如F、Cl、Br或I)、卤代烷基、-OH、 -CN、醚基(例如氧醚-O-或硫醚-S-)、羧基(-COOH)、酯基、羰基、酰胺基或取代的胺基-磺酰基(例如R3-NH-S(=O)2-);所述的“取代”的个数可不做限定;所述的“烃基”可为本领域常规的烃基,例如烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷烃、杂环烷烃、芳烃或杂芳烃。
在某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的烷基独立地为C1~C20烷基,较佳地为C1~C10烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的杂烷基独立地为C1~C19杂烷基,较佳地为C1~C9杂烷基,其中含有1、2、3或 4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;例如 (又例如)、 以及其立体异构体。
在某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的环烷基独立地为C3~C20环烷基,较佳地为C3~C10环烷基;例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环壬基、环奎基或以及其立体异构体。
在某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的环烯基独立地为C3~C20环烯基,较佳地为C3~C10环烯基;例如环己烯基(例如)或环己二烯基,以及其立体异构体。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的杂环烷基独立地为C2~C20杂环烷基,较佳地为C2~C9杂环烷基,其中含有1、 2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;例如氮杂环丁烷基(例如)、氧杂环丁基(例如)、吡咯烷基(例如)、哌啶基(例如)、哌嗪基(例如)、四氢呋喃基(例如)、吗啉基(例如)、二噁烷基(例如)、噁唑烷基(例如)、以及其立体异构体。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的杂环烯基独立地为C2~C19杂环烯基,较佳地为C2~C9杂环烯基,其中含有1、 2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;例如 以及其立体异构体。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的芳基独立地为C6~C14芳基,较佳地为C6~C12芳基,例如苯基、萘基或联苯基。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:所述的烃基里的杂芳基独立地为C1~C19杂芳基,较佳地为C1~C9杂芳基,其中含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;例如吡咯基(例如)、噻吩基(例如)、噻唑基(例如)、咪唑基(例如)、吡唑基(例如 )、异噁唑基(例如)、三氮唑基(例如)、噻二唑基(例如)、吡啶基(例如)、嘧啶基(例如)、吲哚基(例如)、苯并咪唑基(例如)、吲唑基(例如)、异吲唑基(例如)或喹唑啉基(例如)。
在某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与相应的所述R-N3的某些基团的定义如下,未定义的基团如前任一方案所述:R1-1为卤素时,所述的卤素独立地为氟、氯、溴或碘。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2可为未保护的游离胺或本领域常用的酸(例如盐酸、硫酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和草酸中的一种或多种)保护的胺的盐。
某一方案中,所述的R-NH2与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如 1:1。
所述的应用,较佳地为利用点击化学反应原理进行模块化的制备得到所述的R-N3。
所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物与相应的所述含有如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物可为如下任意一对化合物所示:
本发明提供了一种重氮转移反应的方法,其包括下述步骤:在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将FSO2N3与含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物或其盐进行如下所示的重氮转移反应,即可;
其中,所述的式I所示的结构片段不与-C(=O)-或-S(=O)-直接连接(即,该式I所示的结构片段不为-C(=O)-NH2或-S(=O)-NH2)。
其中,所述的溶剂可为本领域该类反应中常规的溶剂,例如水、腈类溶剂(例如乙腈MeCN)、醇类溶剂(例如甲醇、乙醇和叔丁醇中的一种或多种)、芳烃类溶剂(例如苯、甲苯、三氟甲苯和氟苯中的一种或多种)、卤代烷烃类溶剂(例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和1,2-二氯乙烷中的一种或多种)、二氧化硫、烷烃类溶剂(例如石油醚30-60、石油醚60-90和正己烷中的一种或多种)、酯类溶剂(例如乙酸乙酯)、酮类溶剂(例如丙酮)、醚类溶剂(例如甲基叔丁基醚MTBE、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种)、亚砜类溶剂(例如二甲基亚砜DMSO)、酰胺类溶剂(例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;较佳地为醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、二甲基亚砜与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:亚砜类溶剂:水的体积比可为(2~5):(4~15):1 (例如MTBE:DMSO:H2O的体积比为(2~5):(10~15):1,又例如2.5:4:1、5:15:1、(2~3):10:1、2:12:1)},或者,醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:腈类溶剂:水的体积比可为20:1:20(例如MTBE:MeCN:H2O的体积比为20:1:20)},或者,醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:酰胺类溶剂:水的体积比可为(1.5~3):(2~10):1(例如MTBE:DMF:H2O的体积比为3.4:10:2、2.9:6.25:1、2: 2:1)}。
其中,所述的碱可为本领域该类反应常规的碱,可为无机碱(例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾和磷酸钾中的一种或多种)和/或有机碱(例如三乙胺、N, N-二异丙基乙胺、吡咯、吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、1,8- 二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和四甲基乙二胺中的一种或多种),较佳地为碳酸氢钾。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中的式I所示的结构片段与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如2:1~1:2(又例如1:1)。
其中,所述的碱与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如3:1~4:1。
其中,所述溶剂的用量可为本领域中常规的用量,以不影响反应即可。例如,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物与所述的溶剂的摩尔体积比可为0.01mol/L~0.2mol/L。
其中,所述反应的温度可为本领域该类反应中常规的温度,例如0℃~60℃,较佳地为10℃~30℃ (例如25℃~30℃)。
其中,所述反应的进程可以由薄层层析(TLC)、19F NMR或高效液相色谱(HPLC)进行监测。反应时间可为1分钟~48小时,更佳的时间为5分钟~1小时。
所述的重氮转移反应,较佳地,还包括如下步骤:所述的反应结束后,所述的叠氮化合物,可不经分离,直接用于后续的反应例如直接进行1,3-偶极环加成反应,又例如Cu催化的炔烃-叠氮化物环加成(点击)反应(Cu-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition,简称CuAAC或CuAAC click反应)制备三氮唑化合物。
所述的重氮转移反应,较佳地为利用点击化学反应原理进行模块化的制备得到所述的叠氮化合物。
所述的重氮转移反应中,较佳地,所述的重氮转移反应的原料仅为所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物、FSO2N3、所述的碱及所述的溶剂。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐可为本领域常用的酸保护的胺的盐或碱加成盐。所述的酸可为本领域常规的酸,例如无机酸和/或有机酸,例如盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和草酸中的一种或多种;所述的碱加成盐可为本领域常规的碱加成盐,例如无机碱的盐和/或有机碱的盐,例如钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、二乙胺盐和三乙胺盐中的一种或多种。
其中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中,所述的式I所示的结构片段的个数可为一个或多个,例如1、2、3、4或5个。
本发明还提供了一种1,3-偶极环加成反应,其包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将FSO2N3与含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物或其盐进行如下所示的重氮转移反应,制得含如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物,即可;
步骤(2)将所述的含如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物,与含如式II-1所示的结构片段、如式III-1所示的结构片段和如式IV-1所示的结构片段中的一种或多种的化合物进行如下所示的1,3-偶极环加成反应,即可;
其中,所述的式I所示的结构片段不与-C(=O)-或-S(=O)-直接连接。
步骤(1)中,所述的溶剂可为本领域该类反应中常规的溶剂,例如水、腈类溶剂(例如乙腈MeCN)、醇类溶剂(例如甲醇、乙醇和叔丁醇中的一种或多种)、芳烃类溶剂(例如苯、甲苯、三氟甲苯和氟苯中的一种或多种)、卤代烷烃类溶剂(例如二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和1,2-二氯乙烷中的一种或多种)、二氧化硫、烷烃类溶剂(例如石油醚30-60、石油醚60-90和正己烷中的一种或多种)、酯类溶剂(例如乙酸乙酯)、酮类溶剂(例如丙酮)、醚类溶剂(例如甲基叔丁基醚MTBE、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种)、亚砜类溶剂(例如二甲基亚砜DMSO)、酰胺类溶剂(例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺DMF)和N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;较佳地为醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、二甲基亚砜与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:亚砜类溶剂:水的体积比可为(2~5):(4~15):1 (例如MTBE:DMSO:H2O的体积比为(2~5):(10~15):1,又例如2.5:4:1、5:15:1、(2~3):10:1、2:12:1)},或者,醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂: 腈类溶剂:水的体积比可为20:1:20(例如MTBE:MeCN:H2O的体积比为20:1:20)},或者,醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂{例如甲基叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与水的混合溶剂,其醚类溶剂:酰胺类溶剂:水的体积比可为(1.5~3):(2~10):1(例如MTBE:DMF:H2O的体积比为3.4:10:2、2.9:6.25:1、2: 2:1)}。
步骤(1)中,所述的碱可为本领域该类反应常规的碱,可为无机碱(例如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾和磷酸钾中的一种或多种)和/或有机碱(例如三乙胺、 N,N-二异丙基乙胺、吡咯、吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、 1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和四甲基乙二胺中的一种或多种),较佳地为碳酸氢钾。
步骤(1)中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中的式I所示的结构片段与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如2:1~1:2(又例如1:1)。
步骤(1)中,所述的碱与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比可为本领域该类反应中常规的摩尔比,例如 3:1~4:1。
步骤(1)中,所述反应的温度可为本领域该类反应中常规的温度,例如0℃~60℃,较佳地为10℃~30℃(例如25℃~30℃)。
步骤(1)中,所述溶剂的用量可为本领域中常规的用量,以不影响反应即可。例如,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物与所述的溶剂的摩尔体积比可为0.01mol/L~0.2mol/L。
步骤(1)中,所述反应的进程可以由薄层层析(TLC)、19F NMR或高效液相色谱(HPLC)进行监测。反应时间可为1分钟~48小时,更佳的时间为5分钟~1小时。
步骤(1)中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐可为本领域常用的酸保护的胺的盐或碱加成盐。所述的酸可为本领域常规的酸,例如无机酸和/或有机酸,例如盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和草酸中的一种或多种;所述的碱加成盐可为本领域常规的碱加成盐,例如无机碱的盐和/或有机碱的盐,例如钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、二乙胺盐和三乙胺盐中的一种或多种。
步骤(1)中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中,所述的式I所示的结构片段的个数可为一个或多个,例如1、2、3、4或5个。
较佳地,步骤(1)中所述的反应结束后,所述的叠氮化合物,不经分离,直接用于步骤(2)。
步骤(2)中,所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应的条件可为本领域该类反应中常规的条件,例如当与含如式III-1所示的结构片段的化合物进行所示的1,3-偶极环加成反应时,所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应的反应条件可参考Cu催化的炔烃-叠氮化物环加成(点击)反应(Cu-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition,简称CuAAC或CuAAC click反应)中的条件(例如,在硫酸铜、THPTA及抗坏血酸存在下进行)。
所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应,较佳地为利用点击化学反应原理进行模块化的合成。
在所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应的某一方案中,含如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物,与含如式 II-1所示的结构片段、如式III-1所示的结构片段和如式IV-1所示的结构片段中的一种或多种的化合物为同一个化合物(即化合物中同时含有式I’所示的结构片段,及如式II-1所示的结构片段、如式III- 1所示的结构片段和如式IV-1所示的结构片段的一种或多种),所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应为分子内 1,3-偶极环加成反应。
在所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应的某一方案中,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物为R-NH2;相应地,所述的叠氮化合物为R-N3;
其中,R的定义如上所述;R’、R”和R”’独立地为R2-1取代或未取代的烃基;所述的烃基的定义同 R中的烃基;R2-1的定义同R中的R1-1。
在所述的1,3-偶极环加成反应的某一方案中,其包括如下步骤,步骤(1)、在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将R-NH2与FSO2N3进行重氮转移反应,制得叠氮化合物R-N3,即可;
所述的“R1-1”和“R2-1”各自独立地为本领域常规的取代基,以不影响反应即可,例如卤素(例如F、 Cl、Br或I)、卤代烷基、-OH、-CN、醚基(例如氧醚-O-或硫醚-S-)、羧基(HCOO-)、酯基、羰基、酰胺基或取代的胺基磺酰基;所述的“取代”的个数可不做限定;所述的“烃基”可为本领域常规的烃基,例如烷基或环烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷烃、杂环烷烃、芳烃或杂芳烃;
定义和一般术语
除非另外说明,本发明所使用的所有科技术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。本发明涉及的所有专利和公开出版物通过引用方式整体并入本发明。
除非另外说明,应当应用本文所使用的下列定义。出于本发明的目的,化学元素与元素周期表CAS 版,和《化学和物理手册》,第75版,1994一致。此外,有机化学一般原理可参考"Organic Chemistry", Thomas Sorrell,University Science Books,Sausalito:1999,和"March's Advanced Organic Chemistry”by Michael B.Smith and JerryMarch,John Wiley&Sons,New York:2007中的描述,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
术语“包括”为开放式表达,即包括本发明所指明的内容,但并不排除其他方面的内容。
“立体异构体”是指具有相同化学构造,但原子或基团在空间上排列方式不同的化合物。立体异构体包括对映异构体、非对映异构体、构象异构体(旋转异构体)、几何异构体(顺/反)异构体、阻转异构体,等等。
“对映异构体”是指一个化合物的两个不能重叠但互成镜像关系的异构体。
“非对映异构体”是指有两个或多个手性中心并且其分子不互为镜像的立体异构体。非对映异构体具有不同的物理性质,如熔点、沸点、光谱性质和反应性。非对映异构体混合物可通过高分辨分析操作如电泳和色谱,例如HPLC来分离。
本发明所使用的立体化学定义和规则一般遵循S.P.Parker,Ed.,McGraw-HillDictionary of Chemical Terms(1984)McGraw-Hill Book Company,New York;andEliel,E.and Wilen,S.,“Stereo chemistry of Organic Compounds”,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,New York,1994。
本发明公开化合物的任何不对称原子(例如,碳等)都可以以外消旋或对映体富集的形式存在,例如(R)-、(S)-或(R,S)-构型形式存在。在某些实施方案中,各不对称原子在(R)-或(S)-构型方面具有至少 0%对映体过量,至少60%对映体过量,至少70%对映体过量,至少80%对映体过量,至少90%对映体过量,至少95%对映体过量,或至少99%对映体过量。
所得的任何立体异构体的混合物可以依据组分物理化学性质上的差异被分离成纯的或基本纯的几何异构体,对映异构体,非对映异构体,例如,通过色谱法和/或分步结晶法。
术语“互变异构体”或“互变异构形式”是指具有不同能量的可通过低能垒(lowenergy barrier)互相转化的结构异构体。若互变异构是可能的(如在溶液中),则可以达到互变异构体的化学平衡。例如,质子互变异构体(proton tautomer)(也称为质子转移互变异构体(prototro pictautomer))包括通过质子迁移来进行的互相转化,如酮-烯醇异构化和亚胺-烯胺异构化。价键互变异构体(valen cetautomer)包括通过一些成键电子的重组来进行的互相转化。酮-烯醇互变异构的具体实例是戊烷-2,4-二酮和4-羟基戊-3-烯- 2-酮互变异构体的互变。互变异构的另一个实例是酚-酮互变异构。酚-酮互变异构的一个具体实例是吡啶-4-醇和吡啶-4(1H)-酮互变异构体的互变。除非另外指出,本发明化合物的所有互变异构体形式都在本发明的范围之内。
一般而言,术语“取代的”表示所给结构中的一个或多个氢原子被具体取代基所取代。进一步地,当该基团被1个以上所述取代基取代时,所述取代基之间是相互独立,即,所述的1个以上的取代基可以是互不相同的,也可以是相同的。除非其他方面表明,一个取代基团可以在被取代基团的各个可取代的位置进行取代。当所给出的结构式中不只一个位置能被选自具体基团的一个或多个取代基所取代,那么取代基可以相同或不同地在各个位置取代。
在本说明书的各部分,本发明公开化合物的取代基按照基团种类或范围公开。特别指出,本发明包括这些基团种类和范围的各个成员的每一个独立的次级组合。例如,术语“C1~C6烷基”或“C1-6烷基”可以为直链或支链形式,特别指独立公开的甲基、乙基、C3烷基、C4烷基、C5烷基和C6烷基;“C1- 4烷基”特指独立公开的甲基、乙基、C3烷基(即丙基,包括正丙基和异丙基)、C4烷基(即丁基,包括正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基)。
在本发明的各部分,描述了连接取代基。当该结构清楚地需要连接基团时,针对该基团所列举的马库什变量应理解为连接基团。例如,如果该结构需要连接基团并且针对该变量的马库什基团定义列举了“烷基”或“芳基”,则应该理解,该“烷基”或“芳基”分别代表连接的亚烷基基团或亚芳基基团。
本发明中,术语“卤素”为氟、氯、溴或碘。
本发明中,除非另有规定,术语“烃基”本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分表示直链的、支链的或环状的烃原子团或其组合,可以是完全饱和的、单元或多元不饱和的,可以是单取代、二取代或多取代的,可以是一价(如甲基)、二价(如亚甲基)或者多价(如次甲基),可以包括二价或多价原子团,具有指定数量的碳原子(如C1-C10表示1至10个碳)。烃基”包括但不限于脂肪烃基和芳香烃基。
本发明中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“烷基”意指包括具有指定碳原子数目的支链和直链的饱和脂族烃基。例如,C1-C10,如在“C1-C10烷基”中定义为包括在直链或者支链结构中具有1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9或者10个碳原子的基团。例如,“C1-C10烷基”具体包括甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,异丁基,仲丁基,叔丁基,正戊基,2-戊基,3-戊基,2-甲基- 2-丁基,3-甲基-2-丁基,3-甲基-1-丁基,2-甲基-1-丁基,正己基,2-己基,3-己基,2-甲基-2-戊基,3- 甲基-2-戊基,4-甲基-2-戊基,3-甲基-3-戊基,2-甲基-3-戊基,2,3-二甲基-2-丁基,3,3-二甲基-2-丁基,正庚基,正辛基,等等,以及更高级的同系物和异构体(例如同分异构体、或立体异构体)。
在一些具体的结构中,当烷基基团清楚地表示为连接基团时,则该烷基基团代表连接的亚烷基基团,例如,基团“卤代-C1~C6烷基”中的C1-C6烷基应当理解为C1~C6亚烷基。
术语“亚烷基”表示从饱和的直链或支链烃基中去掉两个氢原子所得到的饱和的二价烃基基团。亚烷基基团的实例包括亚甲基(-CH2-),亚乙基(包括-CH2CH2-或-CH(CH3)-),亚异丙基(包括- CH(CH3)CH2-或-C(CH3)2-)等等。
在本申请中,作为基团或是其它基团的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“烯基”意指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成、其中至少有一个不饱和位点,即有一个碳-碳sp2双键的,并且没有碳碳三键的直链或支链的一价烃基基团,其中,其包括“cis”和“tans”的定位,或者"E"和"Z"的定位。在一些实施例中,烯基基团为含有至少一个碳碳双键、具有例如2-20个(优选为2-10个,更优选为2-6个)碳原子且通过单键与分子的其余部分连接的直链或支链的烃链基团。该一个或多个碳碳双键可以是内部的(例如在2-丁烯基中)或末端的(例如在1-丁烯基中)。烯基基团的实例包括但不限于: 以及更高级的同系物和异构体(例如顺反异构体、同分异构体、或立体异构体)。
在本申请中,作为基团或是其它基团的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“炔基”意指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成、至少一个碳碳三键的,直链、支链或者环状烃基,可以存在高达三个碳碳三键。在一些实施例中,炔基基团为具有例如2-20个(优选为2-10个,更优选为2-6个)碳原子且通过单键与分子的其余部分连接的直链或支链的烃链基团。该一个或多个碳碳三键可以是内部的(例如在2-丁炔基中)或末端的(例如在1-丁炔基中)。其中炔基基团的实例包括包括但不限于:乙炔基、
术语“烷氧基”表示通过氧桥连接的具有所述碳原子数目的环状或者非环状烷基。由此,“烷氧基”包含以上烷基和环烷基的定义。
术语“烷硫基”表示通过硫桥连接的具有所述碳原子数目的环状或者非环状烷基。由此,“烷硫基”包含以上烷基和环烷基的定义。
术语“卤代烷基”表示卤素任意位置取代的烷基。由此,“卤代烷基”包含以上卤素和烷基的定义。
在本申请中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“环烷基”是指饱和或者部分不饱和单环、多环或者桥接碳环取代基,且其可经由任何适宜的碳原子通过单键与分子的其余部分连接;当为多环时,可为并环连接或螺环连接(即,碳原子上的两个偕氢被亚烷基取代)的桥环体系或螺环体系。环烷基取代基可以经任何适宜的碳原子连接在中心分子上,并且当允许时可以对其进行进一步取代。在一些实施例中,具有3-20个碳原子的环可以表示为C3-C20环烷基;具有5-15个碳原子的环可以表示为C5-C15环烷基;具有3-8个碳原子的环可以表示为C3-C8环烷基,等等。该术语包括但不限于环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、环奎基、1H-茚基、2,3-二氢化茚基、1,2,3,4-四氢-萘基、5,6,7,8-四氢-萘基、8,9-二氢-7H-苯并环庚烯-6-基、6,7,8,9-四氢-5H-苯并环庚烯基、 5,6,7,8,9,10-六氢-苯并环辛烯基、芴基、二环[2.2.1]庚基、二环[2.2.1]庚烯基、二环[2.2.2]辛基、二环 [3.1.1]庚基、二环[3.2.1]辛基、二环[2.2.2]辛烯基、二环[3.2.1]辛烯基、金刚烷基、八氢-4,7-亚甲基-1H- 茚基、八氢-2,5-亚甲基-并环戊二烯基或等等。环烷基取代基可以经任何适宜的碳原子连接在中心分子上,并且当允许时可以对其进行进一步取代。
在本申请中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,术语“环烯基”是指含有部分不饱和双键的单环、多环或者桥接碳环取代基,且其可经由任何适宜的碳原子通过单键与分子的其余部分连接;当为多环时,可为桥接、并环连接或螺环连接(即,碳原子上的两个偕氢被亚烷基取代)的环体系。环烯基取代基可以经任何适宜的碳原子连接在中心分子上,并且当允许时可以对其进行进一步取代。在一些实施例中,“环烯基”是具有3至20个环原子的单环的,不饱和的碳环烯基基团(“C3-C20环烯基”)。该术语包括但不限于环己烯基(例如)或环己二烯基,以及其立体异构体。
除非另有规定,术语“杂”表示杂原子或杂原子团(即含有杂原子的原子团),包括碳(C)和氢(H) 以外的原子以及含有这些杂原子的原子团,例如包括-O-、-S-、=O、=S、-C(=O)-、- C(=S)-、-S(=O)-、-S(=O)2-,以及其组合,例如-C(=O)O-、
在本申请中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“杂烷基”表示通过杂原子或杂原子团连接的非环状烷基。由此,“杂烷基”包含以上“杂”和烷基的定义。在一些实施例中,术语“杂烷基”本身或者与另一术语联合表示稳定的直链的、支链的烃原子团或其组合物,有一定数目的碳原子和至少一个杂原子组成。在一些实施例中,杂原子选自O、N和S,其中氮和硫原子任选地被氧化,氮杂原子任选地被季铵化。在一些实施例中,杂原子O、N和S可以位于杂烷基的任何内部位置 (包括该烷基附着于分子其余部分的位置)。实例包括但不限于-CH2-CH2-NH-CH3、-CH2-CH2-N(CH3)- CH3、-CH2-S-CH2-CH3、-CH2-CH2-S(O)-CH3、-CH2-CH2-S(O)2-CH3、 (又例如)、 或其立体异构体。在某一实施方案中,至多两个杂原子可以是连续的,例如-CH2-NH-OCH3。
在此使用的术语“杂环”或者“杂环基”表示含有1-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子的5-10元芳香或者非芳香杂环,并且包括二环基团。因此,“杂环基”包括上述杂芳基以及其二氢或者四氢类似物。“杂环基”的其它实例包括但不限于以下:苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋咱基、苯并吡唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、咔唑基、咔啉基、噌啉基、呋喃基、咪唑基、二氢吲哚基、吲哚基、吲唑基、异苯并呋喃基、异氮杂茚基、异喹啉基、异噻唑基、异噁唑基、萘嘧啶基、噁二唑基、噁唑基、噁唑啉、异噁唑啉、氧环丁基、吡喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑基、哒嗪基、吡啶并吡啶基、哒嗪基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹喔啉基、四氢吡喃基、四唑基、四唑并吡啶基、噻二唑基、噻唑基、噻吩基、三唑基、氮杂环丁烷基、1,4-二噁烷基、六氢氮杂草基、哌嗪基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、二氢苯并咪唑基、二氢苯并呋喃基、二氢苯并噻吩基、二氢苯并噁唑基、二氢呋喃基、二氢咪唑基、二氢吲哚基、二氢异噁唑基、二氢异噻唑基、二氢噁二唑基、二氢噁唑基、二氢吡嗪基、二氢吡唑基、二氢吡啶基、二氢嘧啶基、二氢吡咯基、二氢喹啉基、二氢四唑基、二氢噻二唑基、二氢噻唑基、二氢噻吩基、二氢三唑基、二氢氮杂环丁烷基、亚甲基二氧基苯甲酰基、四氢呋喃基和四氢噻吩基及其N-氧化物。杂环基取代基可以经碳原子或者杂原子进行连接。
在本申请中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“杂环烷基”表示通过杂原子或杂原子团连接的环状烷基。由此,“杂环烷基”包含以上“杂”和环烷基的定义。在一些实施例中,杂原子选自O、N和S,其中氮和硫原子任选地被氧化,氮杂原子任选地被季铵化。在某一实施方案中,“杂环烷基”意指由2-19个碳原子以及1-6个选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子组成的稳定的3元至20元饱和环状基团。在某一实施例方案中,所述的“杂环烷基”为由2-9个碳原子以及含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)或S(=O)2杂原子或含杂原子的基团组成的稳定的3-10元饱和杂环系统的基团。除非本说明书中另外特别指明,否则杂环烷基基团或者可以是单环的(“单环的杂环烷基”),或者是双环、三环或更多环的环体系,其可包括融合的、桥联的或螺的环系统(例如二环系统(“二环的杂环烷基”)。杂环烷基二环的环系统可以在一个或两个环中包括一个或多个杂原子。)并且是饱和的。其中,环的硫原子可以任选地被氧化成S-氧化物(即S(=O)或S(=O)2)。其环中-CH2-基团可以任选地被- C(=O)-替代。环的氮原子可以任选地被氧化成N-氧化物(即NO)。氮原子可任选地被季铵化。杂环烷基可以经由碳原子并通过单键与分子其余部分连接;在包含一个或多个氮原子的杂环烷基基团中,连接点可以是碳或氮原子,只要化合价许可。所述杂环烷基中,示例性基团包括但不限于,氮杂环丙基,环氧乙烷基,硫杂环丙烷基,氮杂环丁烷基,氧杂环丁基,硫杂环丁烷基,四氢呋喃基,四氢噻吩基,吡咯烷基,噻唑烷基,异噻唑烷基,噁唑烷基,异噁唑烷基,咪唑烷基,吡唑烷基,二氧戊环基,二氧戊环基,二硫呋喃基,哌啶基,四氢吡喃基,硫化环戊烷基,吗啉基,硫代吗啉基,二噻烷基,二噁烷基,哌嗪基,三嗪烷基,氮杂环庚烷基,氧杂环庚烷基,硫杂环庚烷基,二氮杂环庚基,氮杂环辛四烷基,氧杂环辛四烷基,硫杂环辛四烷基, 或者其同分异构体和立体异构体。杂环基中-CH2-基团被-C(=O)-取代的实例包括,但不限于,
在本申请中,本身或者作为另一取代基的一部分,除非另有规定,术语“杂环稀基”表示通过杂原子或杂原子团连接的环状稀基。由此,“杂环稀基”包含以上“杂”和环稀基的定义。在一些实施例中,杂原子选自O、N和S,其中氮和硫原子任选地被氧化,氮杂原子任选地被季铵化。在某一实施方案中,“杂环稀基”意指由2-19个碳原子以及1-6个选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子组成的稳定的3元至20元饱和环状基团。在某一实施例方案中,所述的“杂环稀基”为由2-9个碳原子以及含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)或S(=O)2杂原子或含杂原子的基团组成的稳定的3-10元含不饱和双键的杂环系统的基团。非本说明书中另外特别指明,否则杂环稀基基团或者可以是单环的(“单环的杂环稀基”),或者是双环、三环或更多环的环体系,其可包括融合的、桥联的或螺的环系统(例如二环系统(“二环的杂环稀基”)。杂环稀基二环的环系统可以在一个或两个环中包括一个或多个杂原子。)并且是含不饱和双键的。其中,环的硫原子可以任选地被氧化成S-氧化物(即S(=O)或S(=O)2)。其环中-CH2-基团可以任选地被-C(=O)-替代。环的氮原子可以任选地被氧化成N-氧化物(即NO)。氮原子可任选地被季铵化。杂环稀基可以经由碳原子并通过单键与分子其余部分连接;在包含一个或多个氮原子的杂环稀基基团中,连接点可以是碳或氮原子,只要化合价许可。实例包括,但不限于,
在本申请中,作为基团或是其它基团的一部分,术语“芳基”是指任何稳定的在各环中可高达7个原子、以及提供在芳香族环系统中零个杂原子的、单环的或多环的(例如,二环的、三环的或更多环的),其中至少一个环是4n+2芳香族环系统(例如,在循环阵列中具有6,10,或14个共享的p电子)的基团。在一些实施例中,“芳基”是指具有具有6-14(优选具有6-10个碳原子)个碳原子(“C6-C14芳基”)。芳基单元的实例包括苯基、萘基、四氢萘基、2,3-二氢化茚基、联苯基、菲基、蒽基或者苊基 (acenaphthyl)。可以理解,在芳基取代基是二环取代基,且其中一个环是非芳香环的情况中,连接是通过芳环进行的。
术语“芳氧基”表示通过氧桥连接的具有所述碳原子数目的芳基。由此,“芳氧基”包含以上芳基的定义。
在本申请中,作为基团或是其它基团的一部分,术语“芳杂基”表示各环中可高达7个原子的稳定单环或者二环,其中至少一个环是芳香环并且含有1-6个选自O、N、和S的杂原子。“杂芳基”还应当理解为包括任何含氮杂芳基的N-氧化物衍生物。在其中杂芳基取代基是二环取代基并且一个环是非芳香环或者不包含杂原子的情况下,可以理解,连接分别通过芳环或者通过包含环的杂原子进行。在某一实施方案中,“杂芳基”意指环内具有1-19个碳原子(优选具有1-9个碳原子)和1、2、3、4、5 或6个独立地氮、氧和硫的杂原子的共轭环系基团。除非本说明书中另外特别指明,否则杂芳基可为单环体系、或者双环、三环或更多环的稠环体系。例如,稳定的5、6、7元单环或7、8、9或10元双环杂环基的芳香环。在包含一个或多个氮原子的杂芳基基团中,连接点可以是碳或氮原子,只要化合价允许。杂芳基二环环系统可以在一个或两个环中包括一个或多个杂原子。因此,包括杂芳基环与一个或多个该如以上定义的芳基基团融合的(其中连接处或者在芳基上或者在杂芳基环上),并且在此类情况下,环成员的数目为在该融合(芳基/杂芳基)环系统中的环成员的数目。在其中一个环不包括杂原子的二环杂芳基基团(例如,吲哚基、喹啉基、咔唑基等)中连接点可以是在其中一环上,即,或者该环承载杂原子(例如,2-吲哚基)或该环不包含杂原子(例如,5-吲哚基)。在此定义范围内的杂芳基,示例性5-元杂芳基基团包括但不限于:吡咯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、咪唑基、吡唑基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、三氮唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、呋咱基、噁三唑基或四唑基。示例性6-元杂芳基基团包括但不限于:吡啶基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、三嗪基或四嗪基。示例性5,5 二环杂芳基基团包括但不限于,噻吩并噻吩基、噻吩并呋喃基、噻吩并吡咯基、噻吩并恶唑基、噻吩并噻唑基、噻吩并咪唑基、咪唑并噻唑基或吡唑并噁唑。示例性5,6-二环杂芳基基团包括但不限于:吲哚基、异吲哚基、苯并噻吩基、异苯并噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、异苯并呋喃基、苯并噁唑基、苯并异噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并已噻唑基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、异吲唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并噁二唑基、苯并噻二唑基、吲嗪基、吡咯并吡啶基、吡啶并恶唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、咪唑并哒嗪基、咪唑并吡嗪基、吡啶并咪唑基、三唑并哒嗪基、三唑并吡嗪基、三唑并嘧啶基、三唑并吡啶基、吡啶并噻唑基、四唑并吡啶基或嘌呤基。示例性6,6-二环杂芳基基团包括但不限于:喹啉基、异喹啉基、噌啉基、喹喔啉基、酞嗪基、喹唑啉基、萘啶基、吡啶并嘧啶、吡嗪并哒嗪或蝶啶基。示例性三环杂芳基基团包括但不限于:咔唑基、二苯并呋喃基、咔啉基、吖啶基、菲啶基、二氮杂菲基、吩嗪基、联吡啶或联三噻吩基。
术语“酰胺基”表示-C(=O)-NH2,或者,其中的H可进一步被允许的取代基替换的,取代后的取代基产生稳定的化合物,例如,不能自发地通过重排、环化、消除或其他反应进行转化的化合物。
术语“酯基”表示-C(=O)-O-或-O-C(=O)-。
术语“酸”可为本领域常规的无机酸或有机酸。无机酸的实例包括但不限于,盐酸、氢溴酸、氢碘酸、硝酸、碳酸、硫酸、高氯酸、磷酸、过硫酸以及硼酸;有机酸的实例包括但不限于,甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、2,2二氯乙酸、乙醇酸、丙酸、乳酸(即2-羟基丙酸)、3-苯基丙酸、肉桂酸(即β-苯丙烯酸,或3-苯基-2-丙烯酸)、丙酮酸、β-羟基丁酸、丁酸、庚酸、己酸、特戊酸(即特戊酸,三甲基乙酸,2,2- 二甲基丙酸,或叔戊酸)、环戊丙酸、辛酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、十一碳烯酸、月桂酸(又名十二烷酸)、棕榈酸(又名软脂酸,或十六烷酸)、硬脂酸(即十八烷酸)、草酸(即乙二酸)、丙二酸(又名缩苹果酸,胡萝卜酸,或甜菜酸)、琥珀酸(即丁二酸)、反丁烯二酸(又名富马酸)、顺丁烯二酸(又名马来酸)、酒石酸(即2,3-二羟基丁二酸)(和其衍生物,例如二苯甲酰基酒石酸)、苹果酸(即2-羟基丁二酸)、柠檬酸(又名枸橼酸,3-羟基-1,3,5-戊三酸)、山梨酸(又名清凉茶酸,2,4-己二烯酸,或2-丙烯基丙烯酸)、己二酸、戊二酸、癸二酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸(例如对甲苯磺酸)、2-羟基-乙磺酸、磺胺酸、环己基氨基磺酸、2-萘磺酸、萘二磺酸、樟脑磺酸、胆酸、葡糖酸、二葡糖酸、抗坏血酸、葡萄糖醛酸、乳糖醛酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、焦谷氨酸、苯甲酸、邻氨基苯甲酸、水杨酸、对羟基苯甲酸、苯乙酸、扁桃酸(又名苦杏仁酸)(和其衍生物)、双羟萘酸(又名扑酸)、泛酸(又名维生素B5)、海棠酸 (algenic acid)、半乳糖二酸、半乳糖醛酸、藻酸、樟脑酸、十二烷基硫酸、葡糖庚酸、甘油磷酸、烟酸、果胶酸、3-苯基丙酸、苦味酸(即2,4,6-三硝基苯酚,TNP、PA)以及硫氰酸。
术语“碱加成盐”可为本领域常规的无机碱的盐或有机碱的盐。无机碱的盐的实例包括但不限于,钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、钙盐、镁盐、铁盐、锌盐、铜盐、锰盐、铝盐等;有机碱的盐的实例包括但不限于以下的盐:伯胺类、仲胺类及叔胺类,被取代的胺类,包括天然的被取代胺类、环状胺类及碱性离子交换树脂,例如氨、异丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺、2-二甲氨基乙醇、2-二乙氨基乙醇、二环己胺、赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸、咖啡因、普鲁卡因、胆碱、甜菜碱、乙二胺、葡萄糖胺、甲基葡萄糖胺、可可碱、嘌呤、哌嗪、哌啶、 N-乙基哌啶、聚胺树脂等。
术语“羟基”表示-OH。
术语“羧基”表示-COOH。
术语“三卤代甲基”表示三个卤素原子取代的甲基。由此,“三卤代甲基”包含以上卤素的定义。
另外,需要说明的是,除非以其他方式明确指出,在本发明中所采用的描述方式“…独立地为”应做广义理解,是指所描述的各个个体之间是相互独立的,可以独立地为相同或不同的具体基团。更详细地,描述方式“…独立地为”既可以是指在不同基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响;也可以表示在相同的基团中,相同符号之间所表达的具体选项之间互相不影响。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一些实施例”、“示例”、或“一优选实施方案”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情况下,本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
在不违背本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,即得本发明各较佳实例。
本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:1,本发明提供的方法安全简便,使用商业可得试剂,快速(实验室数分钟内便可完成反应)、高收率制备所需的叠氮化试剂FSO2N3。
2,制备得到的叠氮化试剂FSO2N3,可不经处理直接用于后续的反应。
3,该叠氮化试剂FSO2N3反应性很高,比之前报道的一系列叠氮化试剂具有高得多的效率。
4,采用FSO2N3作为叠氮化试剂,一级胺类化合物底物适应性极广,可包括被任意如下取代基取代的烃基(例如饱和或不饱和烷烃或环烷烃、饱和或不饱和杂烷烃或杂环烷烃、芳烃或杂芳烃):卤素(例如F、Cl、Br或I)、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基、羟基(包括酚羟基)、-CN、-NO2、烷基、烷氧基、烷硫基、芳氧基、羧基、酯基、羰基、酰胺基或取代的胺基磺酰基。
5,从对应叠氮化合物库,可使用点击化学反应进行模块化的大量合成三氮唑化合物。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
实验仪器:
1H NMR谱用Agilent-400(400MHz)型核磁共振仪测定,1H NMR的内标为TMS(δ0.00)或CDCl3 (δ7.26)。
13C NMR谱用Bruker AM-400(100.7MHz)型核磁共振仪测定,13C NMR的内标为CDCl3(δ77.16)、 DMSO-d6(δ39.52)、CD3CN(δ1.32)、(CD3)2CO(δ29.84,206.26)。
19F NMR谱用Agilent-400(376MHz)型核磁共振仪测定,19F NMR的内标为FCCl3(δ0.00),低场为正。
LC-MS(ESI)谱用Waters ACQUITY UPLC H-Class系统和ACQUITY QDa质谱检测器测定(洗脱剂: 0.1%的三氟乙酸水溶液和乙腈)。[方法:7000psi,flow rate=0.6ml/min.t=0min,95%H2O;t=0.10 min,95%H2O;t=1.20min,5%H2O;t=2.00min,5%H2O;t=2.50min,95%H2O.Total aquisition time =2.50min.]实施例中所示谱图为紫外吸收色谱,其对应质谱未展示。色谱的横轴为时间(单位min),纵轴为吸收强度。色谱右上角三位数数字为所选取的紫外波长(单位nm)。
HRMS谱用Finnigan MAT 8430型质谱仪测定。
熔点采用Büchi公司M-565熔点仪进行测定。
柱层析使用烟台江友硅胶开发有限公司生产的硅胶(300-400目或100-200目),薄层层析板用烟台江友硅胶开发有限公司生产的薄层层析板,显色工具有ZF-7A手提紫外检测仪、碘缸、碱性高锰酸钾溶液。
所用试剂购自武汉药明览博化学科技有限公司,上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司(Aladdin),梯希爱(上海)化成工业发展有限公司(TCI),上海麦克林生化科技有限公司(Macklin),萨恩化学技术(上海)有限公司(Energy Chemical),阿法埃莎(中国)化学有限公司(Alfa Aesar),上海泰坦科技股份有限公司(adamas),上海书亚医药科技有限公司,上海毕得医药科技有限公司,上海天莲化工科技有限公司,上海贤鼎生物科技有限公司,上海凌峰化学试剂有限公司和上海试剂三厂。
溶剂从上海麦克林生化科技有限公司(Macklin),上海泰坦科技股份有限公司(adamas),上海天莲化工科技有限公司,上海大合化学品有限公司,上海合邦医药技术有限公司采购,未经额外处理,采购后直接使用。
实施例1
氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)的制备
在冰浴下,叠氮化钠水溶液(0.25M,20ml;含有5mmol NaN3)与甲基叔丁基醚(20ml)混合体系中,加入1-(氟磺酰基)-2,3-二甲基-1H-咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐的乙腈溶液(6mmol,1ml MeCN)。反应体系在冰浴下搅拌10分钟,随后将反应液在室温下(25℃)静置5分钟。去除反应体系中的水相,得到的有机相即为氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)溶液,收率为92%(通过19F NMR确定,相对于所用叠氮化钠的摩尔数;在甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)中,产物化学位移为+61.5ppm,定量可使用已知量的为内标(δ+36.7ppm),通过产物与内标在氟谱中信号的积分比计算得到反应体系中产物总量,从而计算出反应产率)。GC-MS(tR):1.69min;EI-MS(m/z):125[M]+(GC-MS(EI) 谱用Agilent 7890A GC System和Agilent 5975C Inert MSD system测定,方法:T0=40℃,t=10min, ramp=20℃/min;T1=200℃,t=10min)。向该氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)溶液加入二甲基亚砜(DMSO,约20ml),所得溶液可直接用于一级氨基化合物的重氮转移反应(见实施例2)。
如前所述,现有技术中如US3418088A或Inorg.Chem.1965,4(4),567中都公开了一种FSO2N3的制备方法,但是存在反应时间长、较为危险且产率低的不足。而本发明中合成FSO2N3所用反应时间可缩短至10分钟以内,产率稳定且可高达90%,操作步骤更简单、更安全,并可不经过后处理直接用于重氮转移反应。
实施例2
含叠氮官能团化合物的制备
参考实施例1,制备氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(约20ml)并稀释至二甲基亚砜(DMSO,20ml)中。从所得溶液中取已知体积溶液,加入已知摩尔数的内标通过在19F NMR中氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3,δ+62.6ppm)与内标(δ+37.8ppm)信号的积分比,计算出该稀释溶液中氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)浓度为97mM。该氟磺酰叠氮(FSO2N3)稀释溶液可直接用于以下一级胺的重氮转移反应。
室温下,(25℃)在96孔板的每一个孔中,依次加入R-NH2(100mM DMSO溶液,100μl,含10 μmol R-NH2)(具体见下表1),氟磺酰叠氮(97mM溶液,溶剂为DMSO/MTBE 1:1,103μl,含10 μmol FSO2N3),碳酸氢钾水溶液(3.0M,13.3μl,40μmol)。将96孔板贴膜密封后在25℃下以600rpm 转速震荡1小时得到每一个一级胺R-NH2对应的叠氮化合物R-N3。
振荡一小时后,每一个孔中的反应液用乙腈/甲醇混合溶剂稀释至1ml,并用滤膜除去不溶物后用 LC-MS检测(Waters ACQUITY UPLC H-Class系统和ACQUITY QDa质谱检测器测定(洗脱剂:0.1%的三氟乙酸水溶液和乙腈)。[方法:7000psi,flow rate=0.6ml/min.t=0min,95%H2O;t=0.10min, 95%H2O;t=1.20min,5%H2O;t=2.00min,5%H2O;t=2.50min,95%H2O.Total aquisition time=2.50 min.],固定相型号BEH C18 1.7μm)。
表1.部分原料底物、产物及其LC-MS分析数据:
实施例3
从一级氨基化合物直接得到对应三氮唑化合物
室温下(25℃),将R-NH2(100mM DMSO溶液,100μl,含10μmol R-NH2),氟磺酰叠氮(130 mM溶液,溶剂为DMSO/MTBE 1:1,77μl,含10μmol FSO2N3),碳酸氢钾水溶液(3.0M,13.3μl, 40μmol)混合振荡30分钟。随后依次加入3-乙酰胺基苯乙炔(化合物10-1,200mM DMSO溶液,50μl,含10μmol 10-1),硫酸铜/THPTA混合水溶液(50μl,含硫酸铜、THPTA各为0.5μmol),抗坏血酸水溶液(200mM,50μl,含10μmol抗坏血酸),振荡16小时,反应液用甲醇稀释、过滤后使用LC-MS进行检测。
实施例4
6-甲基-2-(2-叠氮基乙氧基)甲基-4-(2-氯苯基)-1,4-二氢-3,5-吡啶二甲酸甲乙酯的制备
取氨氯地平(化合物3-1)(409mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33 mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入二氯甲烷(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:二氯甲烷:丙酮=35:15:2),得到淡黄色固体(化合物3-2)(414mg,95%)。
m.p.145-147℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39(dd,J=7.8,1.7Hz,1H),7.23(dd,J=7.9,1.4Hz, 1H),7.14(td,J=7.5,1.4Hz,1H),7.09(br,1H),7.04(td,J=7.8,1.7Hz,1H),5.42(s,1H),4.85-4.71(m, 2H),4.11-3.99(m,2H),3.80-3.71(m,2H),3.62(s,3H),3.55-3.45(m,2H),2.35(s,3H),1.19(t,J=7.1Hz, 3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ167.9,167.0,145.7,144.6,144.0,132.3,131.4,129.2,127.3,126.8,103.9, 101.5,70.2,68.1,59.8,50.73,50.7,37.1,19.1,14.2;LC-MS(tR):1.79min;ESI-MS(m/z):435[M+H]+; HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C20H24O5N4Cl:435.1430[M+H]+,found:435.1429.
实施例5
(S)-(-)-10-(1-叠氮基环丙基)-9-氟-3-甲基-7-氧代-2,3-二氢-7H-吡啶并[1,2,3-DE][1,4]苯并恶嗪-6-羧酸的制备
向20mL玻璃瓶中依次加入甲磺酸帕珠沙星(化合物3-3)(414mg,1.0mmol),氟磺酰叠氮溶液(200mM,溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/甲基叔丁基醚,体积比3:1;5mL,含1.0mmol氟磺酰叠氮) 与碳酸氢钾水溶液(3.0M,1.33mL,含4.0mmol碳酸氢钾)。该反应液在室温下搅拌2小时,期间使用LC-MS检测。反应完毕后,反应液中加入1M盐酸(约4mL)直至pH=1,并继续室温下搅拌 10分钟。反应液中的不溶固体使用抽滤漏斗分离,并使用0.1M盐酸(5mL×4)洗涤,油泵抽干溶剂得到目白色固体(化合物3b)(285mg,83%)。
分解温度165℃。1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO/CF3CO2D 10:1)δ9.08(s,1H),7.65(d,J=10.0Hz, 1H),5.03(m,1H),4.72(dd,J=11.5,1.5Hz,1H),4.57(dd,J=11.5,2.1Hz,1H),1.51(d,J=6.8Hz,3H), 1.44-1.36(m,2H),1.27-1.20(m,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3Cl/CF3CO2D 10:1)δ174.7,161.3(d,J=258 Hz),147.9(d,J=7.3Hz),146.3,124.5,124.4(d,J=2Hz),122.6(d,J=20Hz),106.7,104.3(d,J=26Hz), 68.9,57.9,36.4,18.3,13.9,1.1;19F NMR(376MHz,(CD3)2SO/CF3CO2D 10:1)δ-113.15(s).HRMS(ESI- TOF,m/z):calcd forC16H14FO4N4:345.0994[M+H]+,found:345.0994.
实施例6
(6R,7R)-3-甲基-7-[(R)-2-叠氮基-2-苯乙酰氨基]-8-氧代-5-硫杂-1-氮杂双环[4.2.0]辛-2-烯-2-甲酸的制备
取头孢氨苄(化合物3-5)(348mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33 mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH调至1,加入乙酸乙酯(60mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl,0.1M LiCl)、饱和食盐水(60mL ×3,0.1M HCl)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到淡黄色固体(化合物3-6)(360mg,96%)。
分解温度101℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ13.20(s,1H),9.35(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.43-7.39(m, 5H),5.65(dd,J=8.0,4.4Hz,1H),5.12(s,1H),5.02(d,J=4.6Hz,1H),3.50(d,J=18.4Hz,1H),3.29(d, J=18.1Hz,1H),1.98(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ169.1,163.5,163.5,135.1,129.9,128.9, 128.8,127.7,122.7,63.7,58.7,57.0,29.0,19.4;LC-MS(tR):1.43min;ESI-MS(m/z):396[M+Na]+;HRMS (DART,m/z):calcd forC16H16O4N5S:374.0918[M+H]+,found:374.0924.
实施例7
10-((3-叠氮基-2、3、6-三去氧-a-L-来功已吡喃基)-氧)-7、8、9、10-四氢-6、8、11-三羟基-8、(羟乙酰基)-1-甲氧基-5、12-萘二酮的制备
取盐酸阿霉素(化合物3-7)(291mg,0.5mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,2.5mL,0.5mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M, 665μL,2mmol),室温下反应30分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入二氯甲烷(80mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(120mL×6)、水(120mL×2)、饱和食盐水(120mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,二氯甲烷:甲醇=25:1),得到红色固体 (化合物3-8)(268mg,94%)。
分解温度127℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ13.91(s,1H),13.10(s,1H),7.80(t,J=8.0Hz,1H), 7.74(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.53(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.29(s,2H),5.22(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),4.91(t,J=5.9Hz, 1H),4.84(m,1H),4.58(d,J=5.9Hz,2H),4.12(q,J=6.5Hz,1H),3.93(s,3H),3.662-3.60(m,1H),3.49- 3.44(m,1H),2.91-2.74(m,2H),2.18-2.03(m,3H),1.68(dd,J=12.2,4.4Hz,1H),1.15(d,J=6.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ213.8,185.8,185.6,160.5,155.9,154.3,135.9,134.9,134.1,133.7,119.4,119.3,118.7,110.3,110.2,99.8,74.8,69.4,69.00,67.0,63.8,56.3,55.6,36.1,32.0,28.1,16.9;LC-MS(tR): 1.48min;ESI-MS(m/z):568[M-H]-;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd forC27H26O11N3:568.1573[M-H]-,found: 568.1578.
实施例8
7-[3-叠氮基-1-(吡咯烷基)]-1-(2,4-二氟苯基)-6-氟-1,4-二氢-4-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-羧酸的制备
取对甲苯磺酸妥舒沙星(化合物3-9)(577mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应2小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH 调至1,反应液用0.1M HCl(160mL)洗涤,滤纸过滤,滤饼用0.1M盐酸(5mL×6)洗涤,油泵抽干溶剂,得到米白色固体(化合物3-10)(398mg,92%)。
分解温度213℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3/TFA-d)δ9.07(s,1H),8.11(d,J=11.3Hz,1H),7.58- 7.52(m,1H),7.25-7.18(m,2H),4.49-4.14(m,3H),3.64-3.46(m,2H),2.35-2.18(m,2H);13C NMR(101 MHz,CDCl3/TFA-d)δ170.4(d,J=5Hz),169.6,165.0(dd,J=257,11Hz),157.5(dd,J=257,13Hz), 151.8(d,J=14Hz),149.0(dd,J=273,8Hz),148.9,148.6,129.5(d,J=11Hz),123.2(dd,J=14,4Hz), 116.0(d,J=24Hz),113.2(d,J=4Hz),109.2(d,J=5Hz),105.9(dd,J=27,23Hz),104.6,61.6,58.5, 55.0,54.6(d,J=14Hz),48.3,47.6(d,J=14Hz),31.7,28.7;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-102.65--102.85 (m,1F),-115.26--115.38(m,1F),-124.40--124.70(m,1F);LC-MS(tR):1.27min;ESI-MS(m/z):286[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C19H14O3N6F3:431.1074[M+H]+,found:431.1073.
实施例9
2-[[6-[(3R)-3-叠氮基哌啶-1-基]-3-甲基-2,4-二氧代嘧啶-1-基]甲基]苄腈的制备
取阿格列汀(化合物3-11)(340mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33 mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=7:3),得到白色固体(化合物 3-12)(328mg,90%)。
m.p 110-113℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.70(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.58(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.40(t, J=7.6Hz,1H),7.15(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),5.40(s,1H),5.33(s,2H),3.61(br,1H),3.32(s,3H),2.99-2.70(m, 4H),1.97-1.85(m,2H),1.66(br,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ162.7,159.1,152.3,140.4,133.1,133.0, 127.8,126.4,116.9,110.6,90.7,55.8,54.7,51.4,46.1,28.2,27.8,21.9;LC-MS(tR):1.50min;ESI-MS(m/z): 366[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C18H20O2N7:366.1673[M+H]+,found:366.1671.
实施例10
(3R,4R,5S)-4-乙酰氨基-5-叠氮基-3(1-乙丙氧基)-1-环己烯-1-羧酸乙酯的制备
取磷酸奥司他韦(化合物3-13)(410mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3 M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应30分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物3-14)(336mg,99%)。
m.p.134-137℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ7.48(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),6.76(t,J=2.7Hz,1H), 4.40-4.36(m,1H),4.18(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.99(td,J=10.6,5.6Hz,1H),3.74(dt,J=11.1,8.6Hz,1H), 3.43(quint,J=5.7Hz,1H),2.83-2.77(m,1H),2.22-2.13(m,1H),1.94(s,3H),1.57-1.44(m,4H),1.26(t,J =7.1Hz,3H),0.89(td,J=7.4,2.5Hz,6H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ170.9,166.1,139.1,128.7, 82.6,75.6,61.3,59.5,56.6,31.0,26.8,26.3,23.4,14.4,9.9,9.4;LC-MS(tR):1.53min;ESI-MS(m/z):339 [M+H]+.
实施例11
(S)-6-叠氮基-N-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-7-((四氢呋喃-3-基)氧基)喹唑啉-4-胺的制备
取(S)-N4-(3-氯-4-氟苯基)-7-((四氢呋喃-3-基)氧基)喹唑啉-4,6-二胺(化合物3-15)(375mg,1.0 mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1, 200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应4小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300- 400目,二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1),得到黄色固体(化合物3-16)(361mg,90%)。
分解温度149℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ9.62(s,1H),8.51(s,1H),8.16(dd,J=6.9,2.6Hz, 1H),8.07(s,1H),7.80(m,1H),7.41(t,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.21(s,1H),5.30(m,1H),4.01-3.80(m,4H),2.33 (m,1H),2.08(m,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ156.1,153.9,153.1(d,J=243),149.1,136.5(d, J=3),128.0,123.0,121.7(d,J=7),118.7(d,J=19),116.2(d,J=21),113.7,109.1,109.0,79.0,71.9,66.5,32.2;19F NMR(376MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ-122.74--122.81(m,1F);LC-MS(tR):1.40min;ESI-MS(m/z):401 [M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C18H15O2N6ClF:401.0924[M+H]+,found:401.0923.
实施例12
[2aR-(2aα,4β,4aβ,6β,9α,(aR*,βS*),11α,12α,12aα,12bα)]-β-(叠氮基)-α-羟基苯丙酸[12b-乙酰氧-12-苯甲酰氧-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b-十二氢-4,6,11-三羟基-4a,8,13,13-四甲基-5-氧代-7,11-亚甲基- 1H-环癸五烯并-[3,4]苯并[1,2-b]氧杂丁环-9-基]酯的制备
(2aR,4S,4aS,6R,9S,11S,12S,12aR,12bS)-12b-acetoxy-9-(((2R,3S)-3-azido-2-hydroxy-3- phenylpropanoyl)oxy)-4,6,11-trihydroxy-4a,8,13,13-tetramethyl-5-oxo-2a,3,4,4a,5,6,9,10,11,12,12a,12b- dodecahydro-1H-7,11-methanocyclodeca[3,4]benzo[1,2-b]oxet-12-yl benzoate(3-19)
-10℃下,向多西紫杉醇(化合物3-17)(400mg,0.5mmol)的二氯甲烷(12mL)溶液中加入三氟乙酸(3mL),在该温度下搅拌4小时,期间使用LC-MS检测。反应完毕后,将反应液导入0℃下的饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液(200mL),随后使用二氯甲烷(200mL)萃取。将有机相分离并使用无水硫酸钠干燥,之后用旋转蒸发仪除去二氯甲烷,柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇,体积比5:1)分离纯化得到白色固体(化合物3-18)(297mg,85%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.05(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.71(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.60(t,J=7.6Hz,2H), 7.48-7.42(m,4H),7.29-7.26(m,1H),6.04(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.59(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.24(s,1H),4.90(m, 8H),4.28-4.16(m,4H),3.79(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.46-2.37(m,1H),2.20(s,3H),2.01-1.76(m,5H),1.73- 1.61(m,4H),1.13(s,3H),1.09(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CD3OD)δ211.1,174.2,171.7,167.6,139.5, 139.1,137.9,134.7,131.4,131.1,129.9,129.8,129.7,128.8,85.9,82.2,79.1,77.5,77.0,76.3,75.6,72.6, 72.0,60.0,58.8,47.8,44.4,37.4,36.6,26.9,23.3,21.6,14.4,10.4.HRMS(ESI)m/z:calcd forC38H46NO12: 708.3020[M+H]+,found 708.3019.
向化合物3-18(200mg,0.28mmol)的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(3mL)溶液中依次加入碳酸氢钠水溶液(94mg碳酸氢钠溶于0.4mL水)和氟磺酰叠氮的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(0.3M,1.15mL,含0.35 mmol氟磺酰叠氮),室温下搅拌12小时,期间使用LC-MS检测。反应完毕后,反应液用蒸馏水(100 mL)稀释,随后用二氯甲烷(100mL×3)萃取。合并后的有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥,使用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂。薄层层析制备色谱(二氯甲烷/甲醇,体积比10:1)分离纯化得到白色固体(化合物3- 19)(163mg,79%)。
分解温度142℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CD3OD)δ8.04(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.70(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.59 (t,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.46-7.38(m,4H),7.30(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),6.06(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),5.59(d,J=7.2Hz, 1H),5.24(s,1H),4.96(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.90-4.87(m,5H),4.35(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),4.22-4.14(m,3H), 3.80(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),2.46-2.38(m,1H),2.19(s,3H),2.00-1.94(m,1H),1.87(s,3H),1.85-1.78(m,1H), 1.72-1.67(m,4H),1.14(s,3H),1.10(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CD3OD)δ211.0,173.3,171.7,167.6, 139.0,138.0,136.9,134.6,131.4,131.1,130.0,129.9,129.7,129.0,85.9,82.2,79.2,77.6,77.5,76.4,75.6, 72.6,72.1,69.5,58.8,47.9,44.4,37.5,36.7,27.0,23.1,21.6,14.4,10.5ppm;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C38H44N3O12,734.2925[M+H]+,found 734.2914.
实施例13
(3R)-3-叠氮基-1-[3-(三氟甲基)-5,6,7,8-四氢-1,2,4-三唑并[4,3-a]吡嗪-7-基]-4-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)丁-1- 酮
取西他列汀(化合物3-20)(407mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33 mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=7:3),得到白色固体(化合物 3-21)(418mg,96%)。
m.p.96-99℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ7.50-7.41(m,1H),7.30-7.24(m,1H),5.06(s,1H), 4.98(d,J=3.6Hz,1H),4.48-4.38(m,1H),4.33-4.08(m,4H),3.04-2.99(m,1H),2.96-2.86(m,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ169.9,169.8,157.3(ddd,J=244,10,2),151.8,151.4,149.7(ddd,J=248,14, 13),147.4(ddd,J=243,12,4),143.9(q,J=39),122.7(ddd,J=18,6,4),122.7(dt,J=19,5),119.7(q,J=271), 106.3(dd,J=29,21),60.4,44.7,44.2,42.8,42.2,39.6,38.6,38.2,38.1,33.9,33.8;19F NMR(376MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ-62.5(s,3F),-118.8--118.9(m,1F),-136.6--136.7(m,1F),-143.8--44.0(m,1F);LC-MS(tR): 1.55min;ESI-MS(m/z):434[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd forC16H14ON7F6:434.1159[M+H]+,found: 434.1163.
实施例14
(S)-2-叠氮基-3-(1H-吲哚-3-基)丙烯酰胺的制备
取L-色氨酰胺盐酸盐(化合物3-22)(240mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=6:4),得到白色固体(化合物3-23)(190mg,83%)。
m.p.109-112℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CD3CN)δ9.23(br,1H),7.62(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.41(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),7.17-7.12(m,2H),7.09-7.04(m,1H),6.46(br,1H),5.99(br,1H),4.13(dd,J=8.4,5.3Hz,1H), 3.34(dd,J=14.8,5.4Hz,1H),3.14(dd,J=14.8,8.4Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3CN)δ173.0,137.4, 128.3,124.9,122.6,120.0,119.4,112.4,110.8,64.3,28.7;LC-MS(tR):1.31min;ESI-MS(m/z):202[M- N2+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C11H12ON3:202.0975[M-N2+H]+,found:202.0974.
实施例15
(1R,2R)-2-叠氮基-1-(4-硝基苯基)丙烷-1,3-二醇的制备
取(1R,2R)-2-氨基-1-(4-硝基苯基)丙烷-1,3-二醇(化合物3-24)(213mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0 mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=7:3),得到淡黄色固体(化合物3-25)(194mg,81%)。
m.p.62-65℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ8.27-8.23(m,2H),7.78-7.75(m,2H),5.18-5.13(m, 2H),4.29(t,J=5.3Hz,1H),3.87-3.82(m,1H),3.72-3.61(m,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ150.9, 148.2,128.5,124.0,73.3,69.3,62.6;LC-MS(tR):1.26min;ESI-MS(m/z):211[M-N2+H]+;HRMS(DART, m/z):calcd for C9H11O4N2:211.0713[M-N2+H]+,found:211.0713.
实施例16
4-(4-叠氮基-1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯的制备
取4-(4-氨基-1H-吡唑-1-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(化合物3-26)(267mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0 mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=4:1),得到黄色油状物(化合物3-27)(238mg,81%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38(s,1H),7.26(s,1H),4.24-4.16(m,3H),2.87(t,J=12.1Hz,2H), 2.11-2.06(m,2H),1.86(qd,J=12.3,4.4Hz,2H),1.47(s,9H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ154.4,130.6, 122.5,117.7,79.8,59.8,42.7,32.1,28.3;LC-MS(tR):1.64min;ESI-MS(m/z):237[M-(t-Bu)+2H]+;HRMS (DART,m/z):calcd for C13H21O2N6:293.1721[M+H]+,found:293.1721.
实施例17
3-叠氮基-1-二苯甲基氮杂环丁烷的制备
取3-氨基-1-二苯甲基氮杂环丁烷(化合物3-28)(238mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入 FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40 mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到淡黄色固体(化合物3-29)(254mg, 96%)。
m.p.73-75℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.40-7.37(m,4H),7.28-7.24(m,4H),7.20-7.16(m,2H), 4.33(s,1H),3.98(quint,J=6.2Hz,1H),3.49-3.46(m,2H),3.04-3.01(m,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3) δ141.6,128.5,127.3,127.3,77.9,59.3,49.9;LC-MS(tR):1.31min;ESI-MS(m/z):265[M+H]+.
实施例18
(R,R)-N-(2-叠氮基-1,2-二苯乙基)对甲苯磺酰胺的制备
取(R,R)-N-(2-氨基-1,2-二苯乙基)对甲苯磺酰胺(化合物2-30)(366mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0 mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物 2-31)(389mg,99%)。
m.p.130-132℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CD3CN)δ7.45-7.43(m,2H),7.22-7.14(m,5H),7.10-7.00(m, 7H),6.37(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),4.83(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.58(t,J=8.2Hz,1H),2.29(s,3H);13C NMR(101 MHz,CD3CN)δ143.9,139.1,138.9,137.3,130.1,129.3,129.2,128.9,128.6,128.4,128.3,127.6,70.5,63.5, 21.4;LC-MS(tR):1.74min;ESI-MS(m/z):365[M-N2+H]+.
实施例19
(S)-5-(叠氮基甲基)-3-(3-氟-4-吗啉基苯基)-2-唑烷酮的制备
取(S)-5-(氨基甲基)-3-(3-氟-4-吗啉基苯基)-2-唑烷酮(化合物3-32)(295mg,1.0mmol)于50mL 茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL, 1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=1:4),得到白色固体(化合物3-33)(297mg,92%)。
m.p.104-106℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.45(dd,J=14.4,2.6Hz,1H),7.12-7.09(m,1H),6.93 (t,J=9.1Hz,1H),4.82-4.76(m,1H),4.05(t,J=8.9Hz,1H),3.87-3.85(m,4H),3.81(dd,J=8.9,6.2Hz, 1H),3.73-3.55(m,2H),3.12-2.99(m,4H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ155.4(d,J=247Hz),153.9,136.4 (d,J=9Hz),132.9(d,J=11Hz),118.8(d,J=4Hz),113.9(d,J=3Hz),107.4(d,J=26Hz),70.7,66.9, 53.0,50.9,50.9,47.4;19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-120.7(dd,J=14.6,9.4Hz);LC-MS(tR):1.43min; ESI-MS(m/z):322[M+H]+.
实施例20
4-叠氮基-N-Boc-L-苯基丙氨酸的制备
取4-氨基-N-Boc-L-苯基丙氨酸(化合物3-34)(280mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入 FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH调至1,加入乙酸乙酯(60mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl,0.1M LiCl)、饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到黄色油状物(化合物3-35)(301mg,98%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ7.32-7.28(m,2H),7.13(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.06-7.02(m,2H),4.06 (ddd,J=10.3,8.3,4.5Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=13.8,4.5Hz,1H),2.80(dd,J=13.9,10.4Hz,1H),1.32(s,9H). 13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ173.5,155.5,137.5,135.1,130.8,118.9,78.1,55.2,35.9,28.2;LC-MS (tR):1.56min;ESI-MS(m/z):207[M-Boc+2H]-;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C9H11O2N4:207.0877[M- Boc+2H]+,found:207.0876.
实施例21
N-(5-叠氮基-2-甲基苯基)-4-(3-吡啶基)-2-氨基嘧啶的制备
取N-(5-氨基-2-甲基苯基)-4-(3-吡啶基)-2-氨基嘧啶(化合物3-36)(277mg,1.0mmol)于50mL 茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL, 1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,二氯甲烷:乙酸乙酯=2:3),得到黄色固体(化合物3-37)(258mg,85%)。
m.p.113-115℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ9.29(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.98(s,1H),8.72(dd,J= 4.8,1.6Hz,1H),8.57(d,J=5.1Hz,1H),8.44(dt,J=8.1,2.0Hz,1H),7.58-7.50(m,3H),7.27(d,J=8.1 Hz,1H),6.82(dd,J=8.1,2.4Hz,1H),2.27(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ162.4,160.2,159.0, 151.5,148.4,138.7 138.2,134.5,132.4,131.3,123.6,123.4,113.4,110.6,108.5,17.5;LC-MS(tR):1.43min; ESI-MS(m/z):304[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C16H14N7:304.1305[M+H]+,found:304.1306.
实施例22
2-(2-叠氮基乙基)苯并咪唑的制备
取2-(2-氨乙基)苯并咪唑二盐酸盐(化合物3-38)(234mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入 FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应2小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40 mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=1:1),得到白色固体(化合物3-39)(161mg,86%)。
分解温度105℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.53(br,1H),7.60-7.56(m,2H),7.28-7.23(m,2H), 3.82(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),3.20(t,J=6.5Hz,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ152.0,138.5,122.7,114.8, 49.6,29.1;LC-MS(tR):1.04min;ESI-MS(m/z):188[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C9H10N5: 188.0931[M+H]+,found:188.0930.
实施例23
7-叠氮基去乙酰氧基头孢烷酸的制备
取7-氨基去乙酰氧基头孢烷酸(化合物3-40)(215mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH 调至1,加入乙酸乙酯(60mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl,0.1M LiCl)、饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到黄色油状物(化合物3-41)(236mg,98%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ13.20(br,1H),5.60(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=4.8Hz,1H),3.62 (d,J=18.2Hz,1H),3.36(d,J=18.2Hz,1H),2.01(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ163.4,161.8, 130.3,122.5,66.2,56.3,29.2,19.5;LC-MS(tR):1.26min;ESI-MS(m/z):241[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z): calcd for C8H9O3N4S:241.0390[M+H]+,found:241.0389.
实施例24
5-叠氮基水杨酸的制备
取5-氨基水杨酸(化合物3-42)(153mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3 M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH调至 1,加入乙酸乙酯(60mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl,0.1M LiCl)、饱和食盐水(60mL×3,0.1M HCl)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到红棕色固体(化合物3-43)(173mg,96%)。
分解温度167℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ7.42(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),7.28(dd,J=8.8,2.9Hz, 1H),7.02(d,J=8.9Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ171.0,158.5,130.2,126.5,119.7,118.9, 113.9;LC-MS(tR):1.42min;ESI-MS(m/z):152[M-N2+H]+.
实施例25
(1S,2R)-2-叠氮基-1,2-二苯基乙醇的制备
取(1S,2R)-2-氨基-1,2-二苯基乙醇(化合物3-44)(213mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入 FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40 mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物3-45)(233mg, 97%)。
m.p.45-47℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CD3CN)δ7.37-7.25(m,10H),4.88(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),4.79(d,J =6.7Hz,1H),3.63(s,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3CN)δ142.0,137.8,129.2,129.1,128.9,128.7,128.1, 77.1,71.5;LC-MS(tR):1.62min;ESI-MS(m/z):212[M-N2+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C14H14ON: 212.1070[M-N2+H]+,found:212.1070.
实施例26
2-叠氮基-5-氟苯甲酰胺的制备
取2-氨基-5-氟苯甲酰胺(化合物3-46)(154mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应2小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=7:3),得到淡黄色固体(化合物3-47)(153mg,85%)。
分解温度148℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ7.67-7.59(m,2H),7.44-7.34(m,2H),7.08(br, 1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3CN)δ165.6(d,J=2Hz),160.3(d,J=244Hz),134.5(d,J=3Hz),128.9(d, J=7Hz),122.2(d,J=8Hz),119.9(d,J=24Hz),118.3(d,J=25Hz);19FNMR(376MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ -117.88--117.94(m,1F);LC-MS(tR):1.21min;ESI-MS(m/z):153[M-N2+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C7H6ON4F:181.0520[M+H]+,found:181.0519.
实施例27
(S)-2-叠氮基-2-(2-氯苯基)乙酸甲酯的制备
取(S)-(+)-2-氯苯甘氨酸甲酯酒石酸盐(化合物3-48)(350mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯 (40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=9:1),得到无色油状物(化合物3-49)(187mg,83%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.48-7.44(m,1H),7.41-7.38(m,1H),7.37-7.30(m,2H),5.51(s,1H), 3.80(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ169.1,134.0,132.1,130.5,130.1,128.8,127.5,62.1,53.1;LC- MS(tR):1.63min;ESI-MS(m/z):198[M-N2+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C9H9O2NCl:198.0316 [M-N2+H]+,found:198.0315.
实施例28
1-(2-叠氮基苯基)-4-甲基哌嗪的制备
取2-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪)苯胺(化合物3-50)(191mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL) 至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到黄色油状物(化合物3-51)(169mg,78%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.12-7.01(m,4H),3.08(br,4H),2.63(br,4H),2.37(s,3H);13C NMR (101MHz,CDCl3)δ144.3,132.9,125.6,123.6,119.9,119.8,55.0,51.3,46.1;LC-MS(tR):1.17min;ESI- MS(m/z):218[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C11H16N5:218.1400[M+H]+,found:218.1400.
实施例29
4-(4-氟苯基)哌嗪-1-磺酰叠氮的制备
室温下,向化合物3-52(259mg,1.0mmol)N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)溶液中加入碳酸氢钾水溶液(6.0mmol,2.0mL,3.0M)、FSO2N3的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(400mM,3.4mL,1.5mmol),反应4 小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入抗坏血酸钠水溶液(1M,1mL)淬灭剩余的FSO2N3,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(100mL×5)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1),得到米白色固体(化合物3- 53)(242mg,85%)。
分解温度高于117℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.04-6.96(m,2H),6.99-6.88(m,2H),3.50(t,J =4.0Hz,4H),3.21(t,J=4.0Hz,4H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ157.9(d,J=242.4Hz),147.0(d,J= 2.0Hz),118.9(d,J=8.1Hz),115.8(d,J=22.2Hz),49.7,46.9;19FNMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-122.6.HRMS (ESI,m/z):calcd for C10H13FN5O2S:[M+H]+:286.0768,found:286.0769.
实施例30
6-氯-3,4-二氢-2H-1,2,4-苯并噻二嗪-7-磺酰叠氮的制备
室温下,向氢氯噻嗪(化合物3-54)(298mg,1.0mmol)N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)溶液中加入碳酸氢钾水溶液(6.0mmol,2.0mL,3.0M)、FSO2N3的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(440mM,3.4mL,1.5mmol),反应4小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入抗坏血酸钠水溶液(1M,1mL)淬灭剩余的FSO2N3,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(100mL×5)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=2:1),得到白色固体(化合物3-55)(259mg,89%)。
分解温度高于153℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ8.69(s,1H),8.18(s,1H),8.04(s,1H),7.17 (s,1H),4.84(s,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ149.2,135.2,128.7,120.8,119.1,118.3,55.0.LC- MS(ESI,m/z):tR=1.41min,calcd for C7H5ClN5O4S2321.95[M-H]-,found:321.88.
实施例31
2,3,4,5-双-o-(1-甲基亚乙基)-β-d-吡喃果糖叠氮基磺酸酯的制备
室温下,向托吡酯(化合物3-56)(339mg,1.0mmol)N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)溶液中加入碳酸氢钾水溶液(6.0mmol,2.0mL,3.0M)、FSO2N3的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(400mM,3.4mL,1.5mmol),反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入抗坏血酸钠水溶液(1M,1mL)淬灭剩余的FSO2N3,加入乙酸乙酯(50mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(100mL×5)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物3-57)(362mg,99%)。
m.p.95-98℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ4.63(dd,J=8.0Hz,J=2.8Hz,1H),4.41(d,J=12.0 Hz,1H),4.34-4.29(m,2H),4.28-4.22(m,1H),3.95-3.88(m,1H),3.83-3.76(m,1H),1.56(s,3H),1.48(s, 3H),1.42(s,3H),1.35(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ109.5,109.2,100.1,72.8,70.4,70.3,69.7, 61.5,26.4,25.7,24.9,23.9.HRMS(ESI,m/z):calcdfor C12H23N4O8S:383.1237[M+NH4]+,found:383.1231
实施例32
(S)-2-叠氮基-3-(4–((氟磺酰基)氧基)苯基)丙酸的制备
室温下,向化合物3-58(366mg,1.0mmol)二氯甲烷(1.5mL)溶液中加入三氟乙酸(1.5mL),反应4小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,反应液用旋转蒸发仪浓缩,浓缩液用碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M)调 pH至7,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,7.5mL, 1.5mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应1.5小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,用1M盐酸将反应液的pH调至1,加入乙酸乙酯(100mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(100mL×6, 0.1M HCl,0.1M LiCl)、0.1M盐酸(100mL×2)、饱和食盐水(100mL,0.1MHCl)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到黄色油状物(化合物3-60)(280 mg,97%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ7.55-7.48(m,4H),4.47(dd,J=8.9,4.9Hz,1H),3.19(dd,J=14.2, 4.9Hz,1H),3.00(dd,J=14.2,8.9Hz,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ171.2,148.6,138.4,131.6, 120.9,62.2,36.0;19F NMR(376MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ38.8;LC-MS(tR):1.54min;ESI-MS(m/z):288[M-H]-; HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C9H7O5N3FS:288.0096[M-H]-,found:288.0098.
实施例33
3-(4-叠氮基苯基)-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮的制备
取氨鲁米特(化合物3-61)(233mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33 mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=4:1),得到白色固体(化合物 3-62)(256mg,99%)。
m.p.93-96℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2CO)δ9.66,(br,1H),7.44-7.41(m,2H),7.14-7.10(m,2H), 2.58-2.43(m,2H),2.35-2.22(m,2H),2.02-1.85(m,2H),0.84(t,J=7.4Hz,3H);13C NMR(101MHz, (CD3)2CO)δ176.0,172.9,139.8,137.5,128.9,120.2,51.3,33.4,29.9,27.4,9.3;LC-MS(tR):1.52min;ESI- MS(m/z):259[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcdfor C13H15O2N4:259.1190[M+H]+,found:259.1189.
实施例34
苄基(S)-2-叠氮基-3-羟基丙酸酯的制备
取L-丝氨酸苄酯盐酸盐(化合物3-63)(232mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,油泵抽干溶剂,得到淡黄色油状物(化合物3-64)(219mg,99%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ7.42-7.32(m,5H),5.43(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),5.25-5.18(m,2H),4.19(t, J=3.9Hz,1H),3.89-3.77(m,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ168.8,134.9,128.7,128.7,128.4,67.8, 63.5,62.8;LC-MS(tR):1.43min;ESI-MS(m/z):194[M-N2+H]+.
实施例35
3-叠氮基甲基-3-(双(苯甲基)氨基)氧杂环丁烷
取3-氨甲基-3-(双(苯甲基)氨基)氧杂环丁烷(化合物3-65)(282mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol) 和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=9:1),得到无色油状物(化合物3-66)(287mg,93%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,CD3CN)δ7.36-7.31(m,4H),7.25-7.21(m,4H),7.19-7.15(m,2H),4.35(d,J=6.3 Hz,2H),4.01(d,J=6.7Hz,2H),3.64(s,4H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ139.2,128.7,128.2,127.3, 78.3,63.6,53.9,52.9;LC-MS(tR):1.80min;ESI-MS(m/z):309[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C18H21ON4:309.1710[M+H]+,found:309.1709.
实施例36
齐夫多定的制备
取3’-氨基-2,3-双脱氧胸苷(化合物3-67)(241mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,反应液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩至白色固体,加入水(60mL)将其溶解,二氯甲烷和甲醇混合溶液(60mL×6,CH2Cl2/MeOH 4:1) 萃取,有机相合并后无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400 目,石油醚:丙酮=1:1),得到白色固体(化合物3-68)(287mg,93%)。
m.p.121-123℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ11.34(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),6.10(t,J=6.5Hz,1H), 5.23(t,J=5.3Hz,1H),4.41(dt,J=7.2,5.1Hz,1H),3.82(q,J=4.2Hz,1H),3.62(qdd,J=12.0,7.3,4.0 Hz,2H),2.43-2.23(m,2H),1.78(s,3H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ163.8,150.4,136.1,109.6,84.0, 83.5,60.8,60.2,36.3,12.3;LC-MS(tR):1.06min;ESI-MS(m/z):268[M+H]+.
实施例37
3-(7-叠氮基-3-氧代-1H-异吲哚-2-基)哌啶-2,6-二酮的制备
取来那度胺(化合物3-69)(260mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,10mL,2.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M, 1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应4小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入抗坏血酸钠溶液(20mL,0.15M) 至反应液中,反应液用滤纸过滤,滤饼用水(5mL×2)洗涤,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物3-70)(250mg,88%)。
分解温度176℃.1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ11.01(s,1H),7.62-7.52(m,3H),5.12(dd,J=13.3, 5.1Hz,1H),4.42-4.23(m,2H),2.95-2.86(m,1H),2.62-2.56(m,1H),2.48-2.38(m,1H),2.02-1.96(m,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ172.9,170.9,167.4,135.1,133.6,132.6,130.0,121.7,119.5,51.7,45.3, 31.2,22.3;LC-MS(tR):1.27min;ESI-MS(m/z):286[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C13H12O3N5: 286.0935[M+H]+,found:286.0933.
实施例38
4-叠氮基-2-氯-1-((3-氟苄基)氧基)苯的制备
取3-氯-4-(3-氟苄氧基)苯胺(化合物3-71)(252mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL) 至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=19:1),得到黄色固体(化合物3-72)(273mg,98%)。
m.p.41-43℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35(td,J=7.9,5.7Hz,1H),7.23-7.15(m,2H),7.08(d, J=2.7Hz,1H),7.01(td,J=8.5,2.6Hz,1H),6.91(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),6.85(dd,J=8.7,2.6Hz,1H),5.11(s, 2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ163.1(d,J=247Hz),151.3,138.9(d,J=7Hz),133.8,130.3(d,J=8 Hz),124.6,122.5(d,J=3Hz),121.1,118.1,115.1,115.0(d,J=21Hz),114.0(d,J=22Hz),70.5(d,J=2 Hz);19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3)δ-113.0(td,J=9.1,5.9Hz);LC-MS(tR):1.90min;ESI-MS(m/z):268 [M-N2+H3O]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C13H12O2NClF:268.0535[M-N2+H3O]+,found:268.0536.
实施例39
3-叠氮基-1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-1-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮
取3-氨基-1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-1-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮(化合物3-73)(177mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0 mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL) 洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1),得到白色固体(化合物3-74)(186mg,92%)。
分解温度148℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.85(s,1H),7.30-7.23(m,2H),7.19-7.15(m,1H), 7.09(d,J=7.8,1H),3.90(dd,J=11.5,8.0Hz,1H),2.99(td,J=13.4,7.9Hz,1H),2.73(dd,J=13.7,6.7 Hz,1H),2.53(tt,J=12.9,7.4Hz,1H),2.36-2.27(m,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ171.8,136.3,133.4, 129.7,128.11,126.4,122.5,59.2,35.0,28.4;LC-MS(tR):1.40min;ESI-MS(m/z):203[M+H]+.
实施例40
4-(4-(叠氮基甲基)苯基)吗啉的制备
取(4-吗啉代苯基)甲胺二盐酸盐(化合物3-75)(265mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入 FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol)和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应2小时,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40 mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=4:1),得到白色固体(化合物3-76)(189mg,86%)。
m.p.30-33℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24-7.22(m,2H),6.92-6.90(m,2H),4.24(s,2H),3.87- 3.85(m,4H),3.18-3.16(m,4H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ151.2,129.5,126.4,115.6,66.8,54.4,49.0; LC-MS(tR):1.45min;ESI-MS(m/z):219[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z):calcd for C11H5ON4:219.1240 [M+H]+,found:219.1239.
实施例41
(S)-6-叠氮基-2-氨基-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并噻唑
取(S)-2,6-二氨基-4,5,6,7-四氢苯并噻唑(化合物3-77)(169mg,1.0mmol)于50mL茄形瓶中,加入FSO2N3的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和甲基叔丁基醚溶液(DMF:MTBE=1:1,200mM,5mL,1.0mmol) 和碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,1.33mL,4mmol),室温下反应5分钟,LC-MS检测反应完毕,加入乙酸乙酯(40mL)至反应液中,饱和食盐水(60mL×6)、水(60mL×2)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,滤纸过滤,滤液经旋转蒸发仪浓缩,柱层析纯化(硅胶300-400目,石油醚:丙酮=3:2),得到黄色固体(化合物3-78)(147mg,75%)。
m.p.103-106℃.1H NMR(400MHz,CD3Cl)δ5.03(br,2H),3.92-3.86(m,1H),2.91(dd,J=15.8,5.0 Hz,1H),2.76-2.57(m,3H),2.12-2.05(m,1H),1.99-1.90(m,1H);13C NMR(101MHz,CD3CN)δ167.7, 145.3,113.0,57.8,29.0,29.5,24.7;LC-MS(tR):1.04min;ESI-MS(m/z):196[M+H]+;HRMS(DART,m/z): calcd for C7H10N5S:196.0651[M+H]+,found:196.0651.
实施例42
室温下,向多黏霉素B硫酸盐(化合物3-79)(650mg,0.5mmol)的二甲基亚砜(20mL)悬浊液中加入碳酸氢钾水溶液(3M,5mL,15mmol)与FSO2N3甲基叔丁基醚溶液(0.4M,12.5mL,5mmol),搅拌反应4小时,LC/MS跟踪反应。反应完毕后,将反应液倒入200mL氯化钠水溶液中(饱和食盐水:水=1:1,v/v),大量白色固体析出。抽滤得到固体产品,依次用饱和食盐水(50ml×2)、蒸馏水 (50ml×2)洗涤,油泵抽干溶剂,得到白色固体(化合物3-80;Theazides of polymyxin B)(540.5 mg,76%)。
1H NMR(400MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ8.67(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),8.30(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.10(t,J=8.0Hz, 2H),7.93(q,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.77(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=4.0Hz,1H),7.24-7.20(m,3H),7.19-7.11 (m,2H),7.10-7.03(m,1H),4.97(q,J=4.0Hz,2H),4.42-4.30(m,3H),4.26-4.04(m,6H),4.00-3.86(m,3H), 3.53-3.87(m,4H),3.31-3.22(m,4H),3.14-2.79(m,7H),2.18-2.00(m,3H),1.99-1.81(m,6H),1.79-1.58(m, 6H),1.56-1.04(m,12H),1.03-1.94(m,6H),0.84-0.62(m,11H);13C NMR(101MHz,(CD3)2SO)δ173.9, 173.5,173.0,172.5,172.3,171.9,171.9,171.8,171.8,170.7,170.6,138.1,130.1,129.0,127.4,67.3,66.3, 59.2,59.1,56.8,53.6,51.7,51.4,51.1,50.9,50.7,48.6,48.3,48.3,48.0,39.1,37.7,37.5,36.7,36.1,34.6, 32.9,32.2,32.0,31.8,31.2,30.7,29.8,28.3,27.3,27.0,26.5,26.4,24.5,24.3,23.4,22.0,21.5,20.5,20.0, 12.1.HRMS(ESI-TOF,m/z):calcd for C55H87N26O13(penta-azide of polymyxin B1):[M+H]+:1319.6940 found:1319.6914;C56H89N26O13(penta-azide of polymyxin B2):[M+H]+:1333.7097,found:1333.7065.
Claims (13)
1.一种FSO2N3在制备叠氮化合物中的应用,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤,在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将FSO2N3与含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物或其盐进行如下所示的重氮转移反应,得到含有如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物;
其中,所述的式I所示的结构片段不与-C(=O)-或-S(=O)-直接连接;
所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物为R-NH2;相应的叠氮化合物为R-N3;其中,R为R1或所述的R1和R2独立地选自R1-1取代或未取代的烃基,所述的烃基选自如下的一个取代基或者多个取代基连接形成的基团:烷基、烯基、炔基、杂烷基、环烷基、环烯基、杂环烷基、杂环烯基、芳基和杂芳基;当为多个取代基连接形成的基团时,所述的取代基相同或不同;R1-1取代的个数为一个或者多个;当为多个时,相同或不同;“杂”代表N、O、S、-C(=O)-、-C(=S)-、-S(=O)-、-S(=O)2-、-C(=O)O-、的杂原子或杂原子团,杂原子或杂原子团的个数选自1、2、3、4、5或6;R1-1独立地选自卤素、-OH、-CN、-SH、-NO2、-COOH、-C(=O)-NH2、-S(=O)-NH2或=O。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,FSO2N3为叠氮化试剂或重氮转移试剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的溶剂为水、腈类溶剂、醇类溶剂、芳烃类溶剂、卤代烷烃类溶剂、二氧化硫、烷烃类溶剂、酯类溶剂、酮类溶剂、醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂和N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种;
和/或,所述的碱为无机碱和/或有机碱;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中的式I所示的结构片段与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比为2:1~1:2;
和/或,所述的碱与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比为3:1~4:1;
和/或,所述反应的温度为0℃~60℃;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物与所述的溶剂的摩尔体积比为0.01mol/L~0.2mol/L。
4.如权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,当所述的溶剂为腈类溶剂时,所述的腈类溶剂为乙腈;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为醇类溶剂时,所述的醇类溶剂为甲醇、乙醇和叔丁醇中的一种或多种;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为芳烃类溶剂时,所述的芳烃类溶剂为苯、甲苯、三氟甲苯和氟苯中的一种或多种;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为卤代烷烃类溶剂时,所述的卤代烷烃类溶剂为二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷和1,2-二氯乙烷中的一种或多种;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为烷烃类溶剂时,所述的烷烃类溶剂为石油醚30-60、石油醚60-90和正己烷中的一种或多种;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为酯类溶剂时,所述的酯类溶剂为乙酸乙酯;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为酮类溶剂时,所述的酮类溶剂为丙酮;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为醚类溶剂时,所述的醚类溶剂为甲基叔丁基醚、1,4-二氧六环、乙醚和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为亚砜类溶剂时,所述的亚砜类溶剂为二甲基亚砜;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为酰胺类溶剂时,所述的酰胺类溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;
和/或,所述的溶剂为醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的混合溶剂,或者,醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂,或者,醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂;
和/或,当所述的碱为无机碱时,所述的无机碱为碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铯、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾和磷酸钾中的一种或多种;
和/或,所述的碱为有机碱时,所述的有机碱三乙胺、N,N-二异丙基乙胺、吡咯、吡啶、4-二甲氨基吡啶、醋酸钠、醋酸钾、甲醇钠、乙醇钠、叔丁醇钾、1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和四甲基乙二胺中的一种或多种;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中的式I所示的结构片段与所述的FSO2N3的摩尔比为1:1;
和/或,所述反应的温度为25℃~30℃。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的溶剂为甲基叔丁基醚、二甲基亚砜与水的混合溶剂,或者,甲基叔丁基醚、乙腈与水的混合溶剂,或者,甲基叔丁基醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与水的混合溶剂;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的混合溶剂时,所述的醚类溶剂、亚砜类溶剂与水的体积比为(2~5):(4~15):1;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂时,所述的醚类溶剂、腈类溶剂与水的混合溶剂的体积比为20:1:20;
和/或,当所述的溶剂为醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂时,所述的醚类溶剂、酰胺类溶剂与水的混合溶剂的体积比为(1.5~3):(2~10):1;
和/或,所述的反应结束后,所述的叠氮化合物,不经分离,直接用于后续的反应;
和/或,所述的重氮转移反应的原料仅为所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物、FSO2N3、所述的碱及所述的溶剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐为酸保护的胺的盐或碱加成盐;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中,所述的式I所示的结构片段的个数为一个或多个。
7.如权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐为酸保护的胺的盐中,所述的酸为盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和草酸中的一种或多种;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物的盐为碱加成盐时,所述的碱加成盐为钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、二乙胺盐和三乙胺盐中的一种或多种;
和/或,所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物中,所述的式I所示的结构片段的个数为1、2、3、4或5个;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的烷基独立地为C1~C20烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的烯基独立地为C2~C20烯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的炔基独立地为C2~C20炔基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂烷基独立地为C1~C19杂烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的环烷基独立地为C3~C20环烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的环烯基独立地为C3~C20环烯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂环烷基独立地为C2~C20杂环烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂环烯基独立地为C2~C19杂环烯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的芳基独立地为C6~C14芳基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂芳基独立地为C1~C19杂芳基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,R1-1为卤素时,所述的卤素独立地为氟、氯、溴或碘。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的烷基独立地为C1~C10烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的烯基独立地为C2~C10烯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的炔基独立地为C2~C10炔基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂烷基独立地为C1~C9杂烷基,其中含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的环烷基独立地为C3~C10环烷基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的环烯基独立地为C3~C10环烯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂环烷基独立地为C2~C9杂环烷基,其中含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂环烯基独立地为C2~C9杂环烯基,其中含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的芳基独立地为C6~C12芳基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂芳基独立地为C1~C9杂芳基,其中含有1、2、3或4个选自N、O、S、S(=O)、或S(=O)2的杂原子或杂原子团。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,
所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的烷基独立地为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的环烯基独立地为环己烯基或环己二烯基,以及其立体异构体;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的芳基独立地为苯基、萘基或联苯基;
和/或,所述的R1和R2中,所述的烃基里的杂芳基独立地为吡咯基、噻吩基、噻唑基、咪唑基、吡唑基、异噁唑基、三氮唑基、噻二唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吲哚基、苯并咪唑基、吲唑基、异吲唑基或喹唑啉基。
13.一种1,3-偶极环加成反应,其特征在于,其包括如下步骤:
步骤(1)在溶剂中,在碱存在下,将FSO2N3与含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物或其盐进行如下所示的重氮转移反应,制得含如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物;
步骤(2)将所述的含如式I’所示的结构片段的叠氮化合物,与含如式II-1所示的结构片段、如式III-1所示的结构片段和如式IV-1所示的结构片段中的一种或多种的化合物进行如下所示的1,3-偶极环加成反应;
其中,所述的式I所示的结构片段不与-C(=O)-或-S(=O)-直接连接;
所述的式I所示的结构片段如权利要1、7-11中任一项所示;
步骤(1)中的反应条件及操作如权利要求3~5中任一项所示;
所述的含如式I所示的结构片段的化合物为R-NH2;相应地,所述的叠氮化合物为R-N3;含如式II-1所示的结构片段的化合物为制备得到相应的如式II所示的化合物和/或如式II’所示的化合物;含如式III-1所示的结构片段的化合物为制备得到相应的如式III所示的化合物和/或如式III’所示的化合物;含如式IV-1所示的结构片段的化合物为制备得到相应的如式IV所示的化合物和/或如式IV’所示的化合物;其中,R的定义如权利要求1、7~11中任一项所示;R’、R”和R”’独立地为R2-1取代或未取代的烃基;所述的烃基的定义同R中的烃基;R2-1的定义同R中的R1-1;
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