CN110583388A - White strawberry and intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil thereof - Google Patents
White strawberry and intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583388A CN110583388A CN201910897738.5A CN201910897738A CN110583388A CN 110583388 A CN110583388 A CN 110583388A CN 201910897738 A CN201910897738 A CN 201910897738A CN 110583388 A CN110583388 A CN 110583388A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a white strawberry and an intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil thereof, which comprises the following steps: preparing a planting field, transplanting, controlling fertilizer and water, controlling temperature, harvesting and the like. Through the mode, the intelligent cultivation management method for the white strawberries and the planting soil thereof reduce the use of pesticides and other medicaments to the maximum extent, improve the safety and the taste of the white strawberries, automatically monitor the temperature and the humidity and the soil moisture in a greenhouse, improve the accuracy and the efficiency of planting, and improve the yield of the white strawberries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of white strawberry planting management, in particular to a white strawberry and an intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil of the white strawberry.
Background
The white strawberry is a new strawberry variety obtained by selecting and culturing a tissue culture seedling variant plant, the pulp is pure white or faint yellow, the taste is fragrant and sweet, the strawberry is melted in the mouth, the peel is thin, the fully mature pulp is faint yellow, the taste of the yellow peach is realized when the white strawberry is eaten, the soluble solid content (sugar content) is more than 14%, the white strawberry variety has the advantages of vigorous growth, large fruit, high quality, good yield and strong powdery mildew resistance, and is an ideal fresh-eating excellent variety.
However, the prior strawberry cultivation mainly depends on the experience of fruit growers, and no scientific and effective planting method exists, so that a planting method which meets the requirements better is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the white strawberry and the intelligent cultivation management method of the planting soil thereof, has the advantages of high reliability, high efficiency, high yield and the like, and has wide market prospect in the application and popularization of white strawberry planting management.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
the method for intelligently cultivating and managing the white strawberries and the planting soil thereof comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a planting field: selecting a land which is sufficient in sunlight, fertile in soil, loose in soil quality and convenient to irrigate as a planting field; removing weeds in a planting field, and applying 3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure 2000-plus, 25-30 kg of potash fertilizer and 40-45 kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu of planting field in combination with deep ploughing, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the farmyard manure comprise 500 parts of human and animal manure 350-plus, 140 parts of river mud 100-plus, 260 parts of straw 200-plus and 170 parts of brewing residues 130-plus; paving mixed soil with the thickness of 3-5cm on each mu of planting field, and intertilling, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the mixed soil comprise 90-95 parts of fine soil, 20-30 parts of sand and 5-8 parts of ceramsite; making ridges on the planting field, wherein the ridge surface adopts a turtle-back-shaped structure, the height of the ridge is 25-35cm, the width of the ridge is 60-70cm, and the width of a ridge groove between two ridges is 30-40 cm; digging two rows of planting holes on one ridge, wherein the gap between the two rows of planting holes is 25-30cm of the planting holes, and the gap between two adjacent planting holes on the same row is 50-60 cm; erecting a greenhouse on the planting field;
(2) planting: planting in the morning or evening with average temperature below 25 deg.C, selecting white strawberry seedling with developed root system, symmetrical small leaves, thick petiole, and no disease or pest, removing old leaves, and retaining 5-6 leaves; cutting off part of black old roots, and soaking the root system for 20-30 minutes by using naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 3 multiplied by 10 < -6 >; putting white strawberry seedlings into planting holes, planting a white strawberry seedling in one planting hole, filling the planting holes with mixed soil, tamping, and pouring rooting water;
(3) temperature and humidity control: after the white strawberry seedlings are transplanted to the place before new buds grow and when the new buds germinate, the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 26-30 ℃; in the bud period, the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 25-28 ℃; in the fruit expansion period, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be below 28 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature at night is controlled to be below 10 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 65-70%;
(4) controlling fertilizer and water: topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times per month, and 30-40kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu; spraying vitamin C solution and boric acid solution with concentration of 0.1% -0.3% once a week; spraying 0.3-0.5% urea solution, 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and 0.02-0.04% manganese sulfate solution on leaf surface for 12-15 days, and monitoring water content in soil in real time to control water content in soil at 60-80%;
(5) and (3) pest control: the diseased leaves are removed in time, the diseased fruits are prevented from being high in humidity, rich in fertilizer, too dense and overgrown, and good ventilation is kept;
(6) flower and fruit thinning: reserving a first-level inflorescence and a second-level inflorescence, and thinning and removing the inflorescence and the young fruit after the second-level;
(7) harvesting: harvesting when the fruit coloring is higher than 75%, and harvesting once every 1-2 days, wherein the humidity of the greenhouse is lower than 65%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the field is disinfected between two planting sessions.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of sterilizing comprises: in 7-8 months, removing weeds in the planting field, applying 1500-1800kg of organic fertilizer and 25-35kg of lime to each mu of land, and deeply ploughing the planting field; irrigating the planting field to keep the soil moist; applying a plastic film on the planting filler, and sealing the greenhouse; keeping the temperature in the greenhouse higher than 40 ℃ in daytime and maintaining for 10-15 days.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the ceramsite is 5-10 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the bed bottom is greater than the diameter of the bed face.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the use of pesticide and other medicaments has been reduced to the at utmost, has improved the security and the taste of white strawberry to automatically monitor the humiture and the soil moisture in the big-arch shelter, improved the accuracy and the high efficiency of planting, improve the output of white strawberry.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
an intelligent cultivation and management method for white strawberries and planting soil thereof comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) disinfecting the planting field in the gap between the two planting, wherein the disinfecting step comprises the following steps: in 7-8 months, removing weeds in the planting field, applying 1500-1800kg of organic fertilizer and 25-35kg of lime to each mu of land, and deeply ploughing the planting field; irrigating the planting field to keep the soil moist; applying a plastic film on the planting filler, and sealing the greenhouse; keeping the temperature in the greenhouse higher than 40 ℃ in daytime and maintaining for 10-15 days.
(2) Preparing a planting field: selecting a land which is sufficient in sunlight, fertile in soil, loose in soil quality and convenient to irrigate as a planting field; removing weeds in a planting field, and applying 3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure 2000-plus, 25-30 kg of potash fertilizer and 40-45 kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu of planting field in combination with deep ploughing, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the farmyard manure comprise 500 parts of human and animal manure 350-plus, 140 parts of river mud 100-plus, 260 parts of straw 200-plus and 170 parts of brewing residues 130-plus; paving 3-5cm of mixed soil on each mu of planting field, and intertilling, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the mixed soil comprise 90-95 parts of fine soil, 20-30 parts of sand and 5-8 parts of ceramsite, the diameter of the ceramsite is 5-10mm, the mixed soil can effectively improve the air permeability of the soil, can better help seedlings to survive and grow, and can reduce diseases; making ridges on the planting field, wherein the ridge surface adopts a turtle-back-shaped structure, the ridge height is 25-35cm, the ridge width is 60-70cm, the diameter of the ridge bottom is larger than that of the ridge surface, water accumulation on the ridge surface is avoided, and the ridge groove width between the two ridges is 30-40 cm; digging two rows of planting holes on one ridge, wherein the gap between the two rows of planting holes is 25-30cm of the planting holes, and the gap between two adjacent planting holes on the same row is 50-60 cm; erecting a greenhouse on the planting field;
(3) planting: planting in the morning or evening with average temperature below 25 deg.C, selecting white strawberry seedling with developed root system, symmetrical small leaves, thick petiole, and no disease or pest, removing old leaves, and retaining 5-6 leaves; cutting off part of black old roots, and soaking the root system for 20-30 minutes by using naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 3 multiplied by 10 < -6 >; putting white strawberry seedlings into planting holes, planting a white strawberry seedling in one planting hole, filling the planting holes with mixed soil, tamping, and pouring rooting water;
(4) temperature and humidity control: the temperature control system monitors and adjusts the temperature in the greenhouse in real time, and the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 26-30 ℃ after the white strawberry seedlings are transplanted until new buds grow out and when the new buds germinate; in the bud period, the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 25-28 ℃; in the fruit expansion period, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be below 28 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature at night is controlled to be below 10 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 65-70%;
(5) controlling fertilizer and water: topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times per month, and 30-40kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu; spraying vitamin C solution and boric acid solution with concentration of 0.1% -0.3% once a week; spraying 0.3-0.5% urea solution, 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.02-0.04% manganese sulfate solution on leaf surface for 12-15 days to increase fruit weight and sugar content and make fruit taste more delicious, monitoring and adjusting water content in soil in real time, controlling water content in soil at 60-80%, and automatically opening sprinkler for spraying if water is short;
(6) and (3) pest control: the management is enhanced, high temperature and high humidity are prevented, diseased leaves and diseased fruits are removed in time, the disease can be obviously reduced, the gray mold is prevented, high humidity, much fertilizer, excessive density and overgrowth are prevented, and good ventilation is kept;
(7) flower and fruit thinning: reserving a first-level inflorescence and a second-level inflorescence, and thinning and removing the inflorescence and the young fruit after the second-level;
(8) harvesting: harvesting when the fruit coloring is higher than 75%, and harvesting once every 1-2 days, wherein the humidity of the greenhouse is lower than 65%.
The intelligent cultivation and management method for the white strawberries and the planting soil thereof has the beneficial effects that: the use of pesticide and other medicaments has been reduced to the at utmost, has improved the security and the taste of white strawberry to automatically monitor the humiture and the soil moisture in the big-arch shelter, improved the accuracy and the high efficiency of planting, improve the output of white strawberry.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The intelligent cultivation and management method for the white strawberries and the planting soil thereof is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a planting field: selecting a land which is sufficient in sunlight, fertile in soil, loose in soil quality and convenient to irrigate as a planting field; removing weeds in a planting field, and applying 3000kg of decomposed farmyard manure 2000-plus, 25-30 kg of potash fertilizer and 40-45 kg of phosphate fertilizer per mu of planting field in combination with deep ploughing, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the farmyard manure comprise 500 parts of human and animal manure 350-plus, 140 parts of river mud 100-plus, 260 parts of straw 200-plus and 170 parts of brewing residues 130-plus; paving mixed soil with the thickness of 3-5cm on each mu of planting field, and intertilling, wherein the components and the parts by mass of the mixed soil comprise 90-95 parts of fine soil, 20-30 parts of sand and 5-8 parts of ceramsite; making ridges on the planting field, wherein the ridge surface adopts a turtle-back-shaped structure, the height of the ridge is 25-35cm, the width of the ridge is 60-70cm, and the width of a ridge groove between two ridges is 30-40 cm; digging two rows of planting holes on one ridge, wherein the gap between the two rows of planting holes is 25-30cm of the planting holes, and the gap between two adjacent planting holes on the same row is 50-60 cm; erecting a greenhouse on the planting field;
(2) planting: planting in the morning or evening with average temperature below 25 deg.C, selecting white strawberry seedling with developed root system, symmetrical small leaves, thick petiole, and no disease or pest, removing old leaves, and retaining 5-6 leaves; cutting off part of black old roots, and soaking the root system for 20-30 minutes by using naphthylacetic acid with the concentration of 3 multiplied by 10 < -6 >; putting white strawberry seedlings into planting holes, planting a white strawberry seedling in one planting hole, filling the planting holes with mixed soil, tamping, and pouring rooting water;
(3) temperature and humidity control: after the white strawberry seedlings are transplanted to the place before new buds grow and when the new buds germinate, the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 26-30 ℃; in the bud period, the temperature in the greenhouse in the daytime is controlled to be 25-28 ℃; in the fruit expansion period, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be below 28 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature at night is controlled to be below 10 ℃, and the relative humidity is controlled to be 65-70%;
(4) controlling fertilizer and water: topdressing is carried out for 1-2 times per month, and 30-40kg of compound fertilizer is applied per mu; spraying vitamin C solution and boric acid solution with concentration of 0.1% -0.3% once a week; spraying 0.3-0.5% urea solution, 0.3-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and 0.02-0.04% manganese sulfate solution on leaf surface for 12-15 days, and monitoring water content in soil in real time to control water content in soil at 60-80%;
(5) and (3) pest control: the diseased leaves are removed in time, the diseased fruits are prevented from being high in humidity, rich in fertilizer, too dense and overgrown, and good ventilation is kept;
(6) flower and fruit thinning: reserving a first-level inflorescence and a second-level inflorescence, and thinning and removing the inflorescence and the young fruit after the second-level;
(7) harvesting: harvesting when the fruit coloring is higher than 75%, and harvesting once every 1-2 days, wherein the humidity of the greenhouse is lower than 65%.
2. The intelligent cultivation and management method for white strawberries and the planting soil thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting field is sterilized between the two planting steps.
3. The intelligent cultivation and management method for white strawberries and the planting soil thereof as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of sterilizing comprises: in 7-8 months, removing weeds in the planting field, applying 1500-1800kg of organic fertilizer and 25-35kg of lime to each mu of land, and deeply ploughing the planting field; irrigating the planting field to keep the soil moist; applying a plastic film on the planting filler, and sealing the greenhouse; keeping the temperature in the greenhouse higher than 40 ℃ in daytime and maintaining for 10-15 days.
4. The intelligent cultivation and management method for white strawberries and planting soil thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of said ceramsite is 5-10 mm.
5. The intelligent cultivation and management method for white strawberries and planting soil thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the bottom of the furrow is larger than the diameter of the surface of the furrow.
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| CN201910897738.5A CN110583388A (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | White strawberry and intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil thereof |
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| CN201910897738.5A CN110583388A (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | White strawberry and intelligent cultivation management method of planting soil thereof |
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| CN103814748A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-05-28 | 太仓市金诸农业发展有限公司 | Green high-yield plantation method of tomatoes |
| CN107365214A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2017-11-21 | 邢勇 | A kind of efficient farm manure |
| CN107646575A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-02 | 镇江市丹徒区世业盛果农产品协会 | Yellowhairy strawberry herb implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |