CN110583264A - Rapid grafting method for cultivation of common camellia oleifera - Google Patents
Rapid grafting method for cultivation of common camellia oleifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583264A CN110583264A CN201910871747.7A CN201910871747A CN110583264A CN 110583264 A CN110583264 A CN 110583264A CN 201910871747 A CN201910871747 A CN 201910871747A CN 110583264 A CN110583264 A CN 110583264A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick grafting method for cultivating common camellia oleifera, which uniformly picks and stores single-bud scions and stocks, and prepares grafted seedlings by processing through a grafting device, so that the labor intensity is reduced, meanwhile, the grafting efficiency is improved by centralized treatment, and the cost is reduced; the grafting device is at the during operation, with the fixed setting of stock and scion on the fixed block of fixed frock, it presss from both sides tightly stock and scion to drive the rubber piece through miniature cylinder, after cutting stock and scion through the cutter, the fixed block that the drive cylinder drive slip set up moves towards another fixed block, make the scion and stock butt joint, after accomplishing the butt joint, the cylinder drive spouts gluey frock and moves down, make the kneck of scion and stock correspond with spouting gluey shower nozzle, spout the adhesive to the kneck of scion and stock through spouting gluey shower nozzle, spout gluey shower nozzle at the uniform velocity motion along the guide ring at the gluey in-process of spouting, promote the degree of consistency of spouting the glue, make to have good connection effect between stock and the scion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry grafting, and particularly relates to a quick grafting method for common camellia oleifera cultivation.
Background
The oil-tea tree is one of four woody oil plants in the world, the seed of the oil-tea tree can extract oil, the oil-tea tree can be eaten after extracting oil, and can also be used as lubricating oil and anti-rust oil in industry, the peel of the oil-tea tree can also be used as a raw material for extracting baking varnish, and the high economic value of the oil-tea tree also directly promotes the cultivation of the oil-tea tree;
the cultivation and propagation of the camellia oleifera trees mainly comprise seeding, cutting and grafting, wherein the seeding has high requirement on the quality of soil, the genetic character is easy to change, the rooting period of the cutting is long, so that the grafting with better survival rate and growth character is a more seedling method at present, meanwhile, the grafting can also improve the growth speed of the camellia oleifera seedlings, in the grafting process, the grafting process needs to be accelerated, the drying of the juice of the cut surfaces of the rootstock and the scion is avoided, so that the grafting has good survival rate, therefore, in the actual grafting operation, the plug-and-insert grafting method is mostly adopted, but the grafting efficiency is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the great dependence on the manual work is also realized, in the prior art, after the rootstock and the scion are butted, the joint of the rootstock and the scion needs to be wrapped and protected by a film, an aluminum film and the like, on one hand, the fixing function is achieved, on the other hand, evaporation loss at the interface is reduced, the interface is kept moist, the healing speed is accelerated, however, after a period of time, films and the like at the interface need to be manually removed, the workload of grafting work is greatly improved, and in order to solve the problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quick grafting method for cultivating common camellia oleifera.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
1. in the prior art, in order to ensure the grafting survival rate, a plug-and-play grafting mode is mostly adopted, but the method depends on labor force, reduces the working efficiency and is not suitable for large-scale production;
2. in the prior art, grafting needs manual work, so that the production efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high;
3. in prior art, after butt joint stock and scion, need wrap up the protection with the kneck of stock and scion through film, aluminium membrane etc. play fixed effect on the one hand, on the other hand reduces the evaporation loss of kneck, makes the kneck keep moist, makes its speed of healing accelerate, but after a period, needs the manual work to get rid of the film etc. of kneck, has promoted grafting work's work load greatly.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a quick grafting method for cultivating common camellia oleifera includes the following steps:
picking mature camellia oleifera fruits, taking seeds, soaking the seeds in clear water for 2-4 hours to enable the seeds to absorb water fully, fishing out and draining the seeds, then adding the seeds into a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for soaking, washing the disinfected seeds with clear water, carrying out sand storage for accelerating germination, obtaining camellia oleifera plants with the diameter of 1.5-3cm after accelerating germination, cutting off the upper ends of the camellia oleifera plants to enable the length of trunk parts of the camellia oleifera plants to be 10-15cm, obtaining grafted stocks, and storing the stocks in a humid and cool place;
cutting to obtain single-bud scion, cutting off only one leaf blade on the scion, and cutting off half of the remaining leaf blades, wherein the section of the single-bud scion is vertical to the scion, the distance between a side bud and the cut part is 2-3cm, and the length of the scion is 5-6 cm;
inserting one end of the section of the single-bud ear into storage sand, storing at the temperature of 4-5 ℃, using the stored single-bud ear within 2-3 days, and washing away sand grains on the surface of the ear with clear water before use;
fixing the scion and the stock through a fixing tool in the inserting device, then positioning through a positioning tool, cutting the stock and the end part of the scion through a cutter to form an adaptive interface, completing butt joint, spraying glue to the interface of the stock and the scion through a glue spraying tool for fixing, and finally transferring the completed grafted seedling out of the fixing tool through an unloading tool.
The preparation method of the storage sand comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking fine sand with the particle size of 0.3-1mm as a raw material, cleaning the fine sand with clear water, drying the fine sand in the air, roasting the dried fine sand at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ for 30-40min, taking out the fine sand, cooling the fine sand, adding the cooled fine sand into a container, paving the fine sand into a layer with the thickness of 5-20cm, injecting 100ppm of indolebutyric acid into the fine sand, and enabling the liquid level of an indolebutyric acid solution to be lower than the upper surface of the fine sand layer by more than 3 cm.
The inserting device comprises a fixing tool, a positioning tool, a cutter, a glue spraying tool and an unloading tool, wherein the fixing tool is arranged on the slide rail in a sliding mode, and the positioning tool, the cutter, the glue spraying tool and the unloading tool are sequentially arranged above the slide rail along the sliding advancing direction of the fixing tool.
The fixing tool comprises a supporting plate, two fixing blocks are arranged on the supporting plate, one fixing block is fixedly arranged at one end of the supporting plate, the other fixing block is connected with the supporting plate in a sliding mode through a sliding groove, the two fixing blocks are arranged oppositely, one end of the slidably arranged fixing block is connected with a driving air cylinder, the fixing block is driven to slide on the supporting plate through the driving air cylinder, the fixing block comprises a lining plate, two cushion blocks are arranged on the lining plate in parallel, a clamping groove is formed between the two cushion blocks and the lining plate, a micro air cylinder is arranged at the opposite end of the two fixing blocks, the micro air cylinder is fixed on the cushion blocks and is perpendicular to the clamping groove, and;
the glue spraying tool comprises a guide ring and a glue spraying nozzle which is arranged on the guide ring in a sliding mode, the axis direction of the guide ring is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the fixed tool, the guide ring is driven by an air cylinder to move in the perpendicular direction, a notch is formed in the bottom of the guide ring, the glue spraying nozzle comprises a connecting block, the connecting block is connected with a nozzle and a feed port, the feed port is communicated with the nozzle, the outlet of the nozzle points to the circle center of the guide ring, and the feed port is connected with a pump through a hose;
be connected with the buckle on the connecting block, be provided with the draw-in groove on the lateral wall of guide ring, spout gluey shower nozzle and guide ring and pass through buckle and draw-in groove and realize spacing and sliding connection, still be provided with motor and gear on the connecting block, motor drive gear rotates, be provided with the insection on the inner wall of guide ring, gear and insection cooperation make through motor drive gear and spout gluey shower nozzle shift position on the guide ring.
As a further scheme of the invention, the two fixed blocks are respectively provided with an auxiliary supporting plate at one opposite end in a sliding manner, the auxiliary supporting plates are driven by an auxiliary cylinder to move up and down, the auxiliary cylinder is fixedly arranged on the supporting plates, the auxiliary supporting plates of the fixed blocks are fixedly provided with cutting grooves, the auxiliary supporting plates of the fixed blocks are provided with supporting blocks corresponding to the cutting grooves, and the shapes and the positions of the supporting blocks are complementary with the cutting grooves.
As a further scheme of the invention, the positioning tool comprises a main beam, two positioning plates are arranged on the main beam in a sliding mode, the two positioning plates are respectively connected with a positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinders are fixedly arranged on the main beam.
As a further scheme of the invention, the unloading tool comprises a main board, one surface of the main board is fixedly connected with a rubber plate, one surface of the rubber plate, which is opposite to the main board, is provided with an adaptive opening, the adaptive opening is semicircular, the other surface of the main board is connected with an unloading air cylinder, the whole unloading tool is driven by the unloading air cylinder to move up and down, the main board is also provided with an air exhaust pipe, one end of the air exhaust pipe penetrates through the main board and the rubber plate and is communicated with the adaptive opening, and the other end of the air exhaust pipe is connected.
The specific method for preparing the grafted seedlings by the grafting device comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the rootstock on a fixed block which is fixedly arranged, placing the scion on a fixed block which is arranged in a sliding manner, wherein the cut surfaces of the rootstock and the scion are opposite and exceed corresponding clamping grooves, and driving a rubber block to preliminarily clamp the rootstock and the scion through a micro cylinder so as to avoid obvious shaking of the rootstock and the scion in the conveying process;
s2, the fixing tool advances to the position below the positioning tool along the slide rail, the positioning cylinder drives the positioning plate to push the end to be processed of the stock or the scion to a preset position, the fixing tool moves to the position below the cutter, the rubber block is driven by the micro cylinder to further clamp the stock and the scion, and the stock or the scion is prevented from being stressed and tilted in subsequent operation to cause deformation of a cut surface;
s3, moving the cutter downwards to form a cutting groove on the stock, forming a shape corresponding to the cutting groove on the scion, and driving the fixed block which is arranged in a sliding way to move towards the other fixed block by the driving cylinder to enable the scion to be butted with the stock;
s4, transferring the fixing tool to the position below the glue spraying tool along a sliding rail, driving the glue spraying tool to move downwards through an air cylinder, enabling an interface of the scion and the stock to correspond to a glue spraying nozzle, spraying a glue adhesive to the interface of the scion and the stock through the glue spraying nozzle, enabling the glue spraying nozzle to move at a constant speed along a guide ring in the glue spraying process, and improving the uniformity of glue spraying, wherein the glue adhesive is a degradable adhesive having a toxic effect on plants, and preferably, the adhesive is starch glue;
s5, transferring the fixing tool to the lower side of the unloading tool along the slide rail, driving the rubber block to move through the micro cylinder, releasing the clamping of the stock and the scion, driving the unloading tool to move downwards to the adaptive opening to be matched with the grafted seedling through the unloading cylinder, starting a vacuum pump to vacuumize, adsorbing the grafted seedling in the adaptive opening, and moving the grafted seedling out of the fixing tool.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the scheme of the invention, a pair of single-bud scion and stock are picked and stored uniformly, and the grafted seedling is prepared by processing through the grafting device, so that the labor intensity is reduced, meanwhile, the grafting efficiency is improved by centralized processing, and the cost is reduced.
2. When the grafting device works, the stock and the scion are fixedly arranged on a fixed block of a fixed tool, the stock and the scion are clamped by a rubber block driven by a micro cylinder, after the stock and the scion are cut by a cutter, a fixed block arranged in a sliding manner is driven by a driving cylinder to move towards another fixed block, so that the scion is butted with the stock, after the butting is completed, the air cylinder drives a glue spraying tool to move downwards, so that a joint of the scion and the stock corresponds to a glue spraying nozzle, an adhesive is sprayed to the joint of the scion and the stock by the glue spraying nozzle, the glue spraying nozzle moves along a guide ring in the glue spraying process, the uniformity of glue spraying is improved, a good connection effect is achieved between the stock and the scion, the joint of the stock and the scion can be sealed by even glue spraying, the dehydration of the joint is avoided, the survival rate of the grafted seedlings is improved, and meanwhile, the preparation process of the grafted seedlings, and the work of removing the film after the grafted seedlings are planted and stocked is not needed, so that the workload is greatly reduced, and the grafting work efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a plug-in device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic mechanical diagram of a fixture;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a positioning tool;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a glue spraying tool;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a glue-spraying nozzle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a glue-spraying nozzle;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the unloading tool.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A quick grafting method for cultivating common camellia oleifera includes the following steps:
picking mature camellia oleifera fruits, taking seeds, soaking the seeds in clear water for 2-4 hours to enable the seeds to absorb water fully, fishing out and draining the seeds, then adding the seeds into a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% to soak, disinfecting the seeds, washing the disinfected seeds with clear water, carrying out sand storage and germination acceleration, obtaining camellia oleifera plants with the diameter of 1.5-3cm after the germination acceleration is finished, cutting off the upper ends of the camellia oleifera plants to enable the length of main parts of the camellia oleifera plants to be 10-15cm, obtaining grafted stocks, and storing the stocks in humid and cool places to reduce the evaporation amount;
cutting to obtain single-bud scion, cutting off only one leaf blade on the scion, cutting off half of the remaining leaf blade, and reducing evaporation capacity, wherein the section of the single-bud scion is perpendicular to the scion, the exposed area is reduced, the distance between a lateral bud and the cut position is 2-3cm, and the length of the scion is 5-6 cm;
inserting one end of the section of the single-bud ear into storage sand, storing at the temperature of 4-5 ℃, using the stored single-bud ear within 2-3 days, and washing away sand grains on the surface of the ear with clear water before use;
the preparation method of the storage sand comprises the following steps: fine sand with the particle size of 0.3-1mm is adopted as a raw material, the fine sand is cleaned by clear water and then dried, the dried fine sand is roasted at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ for 30-40min and then taken out for cooling, the cooled fine sand is added into a container and is spread into a layer with the thickness of 5-20cm, 100ppm of indolebutyric acid is injected into the fine sand, and the liquid level of the indolebutyric acid solution is more than 3cm lower than the upper surface of the fine sand layer;
fixing the scions and the stocks through a fixing tool 2, positioning through a positioning tool 3, cutting the stocks and the ends of the scions through a cutter 4 to form adaptive interfaces, completing the butt joint, spraying glue to the interfaces of the stocks and the scions through a glue spraying tool 5 for fixation, and finally transferring the completed grafted seedlings out of the fixing tool through an unloading tool.
In the traditional process, in order to ensure the survival rate of grafting, scions are generally picked and inserted instantly, but the method cannot be applied in the large-batch production process.
In the fourth step, the inserting device is shown in fig. 1, and the inserting device comprises a fixed tool 2, a positioning tool 3, a cutter 4, a glue spraying tool 5 and an unloading tool 6, wherein the fixed tool 2 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 1, and the positioning tool 3, the cutter 4, the glue spraying tool 5 and the unloading tool 6 are sequentially arranged above the slide rail 1 along the sliding advancing direction of the fixed tool 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the fixing tool 2 includes a supporting plate 21, two fixing blocks 22 are disposed on the supporting plate 21, one fixing block 22 is fixedly disposed at one end of the supporting plate 21, the other fixing block 22 is slidably connected to the supporting plate 21 through a sliding slot, the two fixing blocks 22 are disposed opposite to each other, one end of the slidably disposed fixing block 22 is connected to a driving cylinder 29, the driving cylinder 29 drives the fixing block 22 to slide on the supporting plate 21, the fixing block 22 includes a lining plate 23, two cushion blocks 24 are disposed on the lining plate 23 in parallel, a slot 25 is formed between the two cushion blocks 24 and the lining plate 23, the slot 25 is used for placing a scion or a stock, a micro cylinder 26 is disposed at one end of the two fixing blocks 22 opposite to each other, the micro cylinder 26 is fixed on the cushion block 24 and perpendicular to the slot 25, one end of the micro cylinder, the micro cylinder 26 clamps the end to be processed of the stock or the scion by pushing the rubber block during working, thereby facilitating subsequent processing;
as a further scheme of the present invention, in order to avoid the breakage caused by the low lignification degree of the rootstock or the scion during the treatment process, the two fixing blocks 22 are provided with an auxiliary supporting plate 27 at opposite ends thereof in a sliding manner, the auxiliary supporting plate 27 is driven by an auxiliary cylinder 210 to move up and down, the auxiliary cylinder 210 is fixedly arranged on the supporting plate 21, wherein the auxiliary supporting plate 27 of the fixedly arranged fixing block 22 is provided with a cutting groove 28, the cutting groove 28 has a shape and a size corresponding to that of a cutting knife, preferably, the cutting groove 28 is wedge-shaped, the auxiliary supporting plate 27 of the slidably arranged fixing block 22 is provided with a supporting block corresponding to the cutting groove 28, and the shape and the position of the supporting block are complementary;
when the stock or the scion is fixed through the fixing tool 2, the auxiliary cylinder 210 drives the auxiliary supporting plate 27 to move upwards until the upper surface of the auxiliary supporting plate 27 and the upper surface of the lining plate 23 are on the same plane, and when the cutter 4 finishes cutting, the auxiliary cylinder 210 drives the auxiliary supporting plate 27 to move downwards, so that a certain distance is reserved between the two fixing blocks, and the subsequent glue spraying tool 5 has enough working space;
as shown in fig. 3, the positioning tool 3 includes a main beam 31, two positioning plates 32 are slidably disposed on the main beam 31, the two positioning plates 32 are respectively connected with positioning cylinders 33, the positioning cylinders 33 are fixedly disposed on the main beam 31, during operation, the positioning plates 32 are driven by the positioning cylinders 33 to slide along the main beam, to-be-processed ends of the stocks or the scions are pushed to be flush with the auxiliary supporting plates 27 and the supporting blocks, then the stocks or the scions are processed by the cutters 4 moving in the vertical direction, cutting grooves are formed on the stocks, and shapes corresponding to the cutting grooves are formed on the scions;
as shown in fig. 4-6, the glue spraying tool 5 includes a guide ring 51 and a glue spraying nozzle slidably disposed on the guide ring 51, an axial direction of the guide ring 51 is perpendicular to a traveling direction of the fixing tool 2, the guide ring 51 is driven by an air cylinder to move in the perpendicular direction, a gap is formed at the bottom of the guide ring 51, so that a grafted seedling can enter the ring, and a glue spraying effect of the glue spraying tool on the grafted seedling is improved, the glue spraying nozzle includes a connection block 53, the connection block 53 is connected with a nozzle 54 and a feed port 55, the feed port 55 is communicated with the nozzle 54, an outlet of the nozzle 54 points to a circle center of the guide ring 51, and the feed port 55 is connected with a pump through a hose;
the connecting block 53 is connected with a buckle 57, the side wall of the guide ring 51 is provided with a clamping groove, and the glue spraying nozzle and the guide ring 51 are in limit and sliding connection through the buckle 57 and the clamping groove; the connecting block 53 is further provided with a motor 56 and a gear 58, the motor 56 is directly connected with the gear 58 or is connected with the gear 58 through a gear transmission structure so as to drive the gear 58 to rotate, the inner wall of the guide ring 51 is provided with gear grains, the gear 58 is matched with the gear grains, and the gear 58 is driven by the motor 56 so as to realize the moving position of the glue spraying nozzle on the guide ring 51.
As shown in fig. 7, the unloading tool 6 comprises a main board 61, one side of the main board 61 is fixedly connected with a rubber plate 62, one side of the rubber plate 62, which is opposite to the main board 61, is provided with an adaptive opening 63, the adaptive opening 63 is semicircular, the adaptive opening 63 can be better matched with a stock or a scion, the other side of the main board 61 is connected with an unloading cylinder 64, the whole unloading tool is driven by the unloading cylinder 64 to move up and down, an exhaust tube 65 is further installed on the main board 61, one end of the exhaust tube 65 penetrates through the main board 61 and the rubber plate 62 and is communicated with the adaptive opening 63, the other end of the exhaust tube 65 is connected with a vacuum pump, air is pumped by the vacuum pump, the grafted seedling is adsorbed on the adaptive opening 63 by the unloading tool, and the grafted.
The specific method for preparing the grafted seedlings by the grafting device comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the rootstock on the fixed block 22 which is fixedly arranged, placing the scion on the fixed block 22 which is arranged in a sliding manner, wherein the cut surfaces of the rootstock and the scion are opposite and exceed the corresponding clamping grooves 25, driving the rubber block to preliminarily clamp the rootstock and the scion through the micro cylinder 26, so that the rootstock and the scion are prevented from obviously shaking in the conveying process, and attention is paid to the fact that the rootstock and the scion cannot slide in the clamping grooves 25 due to the fact that the rootstock and the scion are completely clamped;
s2, the fixing tool 2 advances to the position below the positioning tool 3 along the slide rail 1, after the positioning cylinder 33 drives the positioning plate 32 to push the end to be processed of the stock or the scion to a preset position, the fixing tool 2 moves to the position below the cutter 4, the rubber block is driven by the micro cylinder 26 to further clamp the stock and the scion, and the stock or the scion is prevented from being stressed and tilted in subsequent operation to cause the deformation of a cut surface;
s3, moving the cutter 4 downwards to form a cutting groove on the stock, forming a shape corresponding to the cutting groove on the scion, and driving the fixed block 22 which is arranged in a sliding way to move towards the other fixed block 22 by the driving cylinder 29 so that the scion is butted with the stock;
s4, transferring the fixing tool 2 to the position below the glue spraying tool 5 along the sliding rail 1, driving the glue spraying tool 5 to move downwards through an air cylinder, enabling an interface of the scion and the stock to correspond to a glue spraying nozzle, spraying an adhesive to the interface of the scion and the stock through the glue spraying nozzle, enabling the glue spraying nozzle to move at a constant speed along a guide ring 51 in the glue spraying process, and improving the uniformity of glue spraying, wherein the adhesive is a degradable adhesive which has a toxic effect on plants, and preferably, the adhesive is starch adhesive;
s5, the fixing tool 2 is transferred to the lower portion of the unloading tool 6 along the sliding rail 1, the rubber block is driven to move through the micro air cylinder 26, clamping of the stock and the scion is released, the unloading air cylinder 64 drives the unloading tool 6 to move downwards to the adapting port 63 to be matched with the grafted seedling, the vacuum pump is started to vacuumize, the grafted seedling is adsorbed in the adapting port 63, and the grafted seedling is moved out of the fixing tool 2.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A quick grafting method for cultivating common camellia oleifera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
picking mature camellia oleifera fruits, taking seeds, soaking the seeds in clear water for 2-4 hours to enable the seeds to absorb water fully, fishing out and draining the seeds, then adding the seeds into a potassium permanganate solution with the mass concentration of 0.1% for soaking, washing the disinfected seeds with clear water, carrying out sand storage for accelerating germination, obtaining camellia oleifera plants with the diameter of 1.5-3cm after accelerating germination, cutting off the upper ends of the camellia oleifera plants to enable the length of trunk parts of the camellia oleifera plants to be 10-15cm, obtaining grafted stocks, and storing the stocks in a humid and cool place;
cutting to obtain single-bud scion, cutting off only one leaf blade on the scion, and cutting off half of the remaining leaf blades, wherein the section of the single-bud scion is vertical to the scion, the distance between a side bud and the cut part is 2-3cm, and the length of the scion is 5-6 cm;
inserting one end of the section of the single-bud ear into storage sand, storing at the temperature of 4-5 ℃, using the stored single-bud ear within 2-3 days, and washing away sand grains on the surface of the ear with clear water before use;
fixing the scions and the stocks through a fixing tool (2) in the inserting device, then positioning through a positioning tool (3), cutting the stocks and the ends of the scions through a cutter (4) to form adaptive interfaces, completing butt joint, spraying glue to the joints of the stocks and the scions through a glue spraying tool (5) for fixation, and finally transferring the completed grafted seedlings out of the fixing tool (2) through an unloading tool (6).
2. The quick grafting method for cultivating the common camellia oleifera according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the storage sand comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking fine sand with the particle size of 0.3-1mm as a raw material, cleaning the fine sand with clear water, drying the fine sand in the air, roasting the dried fine sand at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ for 30-40min, taking out the fine sand, cooling the fine sand, adding the cooled fine sand into a container, paving the fine sand into a layer with the thickness of 5-20cm, injecting 100ppm of indolebutyric acid into the fine sand, and enabling the liquid level of an indolebutyric acid solution to be lower than the upper surface of the fine sand layer by more than 3 cm.
3. The quick plugging method for cultivating the common camellia oleifera according to claim 1, wherein the plugging device comprises a fixing tool (2), a positioning tool (3), a cutter (4), a glue spraying tool (5) and an unloading tool (6), the fixing tool (2) is slidably arranged on the slide rail (1), and the positioning tool (3), the cutter (4), the glue spraying tool (5) and the unloading tool (6) are sequentially arranged above the slide rail (1) along the sliding advancing direction of the fixing tool (2);
the fixing tool (2) comprises a supporting plate (21), two fixing blocks (22) are arranged on the supporting plate (21), one fixing block (22) is fixedly arranged at one end of the supporting plate (21), the other fixing block (22) is in sliding connection with the supporting plate (21) through a sliding groove, the two fixing blocks (22) are arranged oppositely, one end of the slidably arranged fixing block (22) is connected with a driving air cylinder (29), the fixing block (22) is driven to slide on the supporting plate (21) through the driving air cylinder (29), the fixing block (22) comprises a lining plate (23), two cushion blocks (24) are arranged on the lining plate (23) in parallel, a clamping groove (25) is formed between the two cushion blocks (24) and the lining plate (23), a micro air cylinder (26) is arranged at one end, opposite to the two fixing blocks (22), the micro air cylinder (26) is fixed on the cushion blocks (24) and is, one end of the cylinder (26) facing the clamping groove (25) penetrates through the cushion block (24) and is connected with the rubber block;
the glue spraying tool (5) comprises a guide ring (51) and a glue spraying nozzle which is arranged on the guide ring (51) in a sliding mode, the axis direction of the guide ring (51) is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the fixed tool (2), the guide ring (51) moves in the perpendicular direction through the driving of an air cylinder, a notch is formed in the bottom of the guide ring (51), the glue spraying nozzle comprises a connecting block (53), the connecting block (53) is connected with a nozzle (54) and a feed port (55), the feed port (55) is communicated with the nozzle (54), the outlet of the nozzle (54) points to the circle center of the guide ring (51), and the feed port (55) is connected with a pump through a hose;
be connected with buckle (57) on connecting block (53), be provided with the draw-in groove on the lateral wall of guide ring (51), spout gluey shower nozzle and guide ring (51) and realize spacing and sliding connection through buckle (57) and draw-in groove, still be provided with motor (56) and gear (58) on connecting block (53), motor (56) drive gear (58) rotate, be provided with the insection on the inner wall of guide ring (51), gear (58) and insection cooperation make through motor (56) drive gear (58) spout gluey shower nozzle shift position on guide ring (51).
4. The quick plugging method for cultivating the common oil tea as claimed in claim 3, wherein the two fixing blocks (22) are provided with auxiliary supporting plates (27) at opposite ends thereof in a sliding manner, the auxiliary supporting plates (27) are driven by auxiliary cylinders (210) to move up and down, the auxiliary cylinders (210) are fixedly arranged on the supporting plates (21), wherein the auxiliary supporting plates (27) of the fixedly arranged fixing blocks (22) are provided with cutting grooves (28), the auxiliary supporting plates (27) of the slidably arranged fixing blocks (22) are provided with supporting blocks corresponding to the cutting grooves (28), and the shapes and positions of the supporting blocks are complementary to the cutting grooves (28).
5. The quick plugging method for cultivating the common camellia oleifera according to claim 3, wherein the positioning tool (3) comprises a main beam (31), two positioning plates (32) are slidably arranged on the main beam (31), the two positioning plates (32) are respectively connected with a positioning cylinder (33), and the positioning cylinders (33) are fixedly arranged on the main beam (31).
6. The quick splicing method for cultivating the common camellia oleifera according to claim 3, wherein the unloading tool (6) comprises a main board (61), a rubber plate (62) is fixedly connected to one surface of the main board (61), an adapting port (63) is formed in the surface, opposite to the main board (61), of the rubber plate (62), the adapting port (63) is semicircular, an unloading cylinder (64) is connected to the other surface of the main board (61), an air exhaust pipe (65) is further installed on the main board (61), one end of the air exhaust pipe (65) penetrates through the main board (61) and the rubber plate (62) and is communicated with the adapting port (63), and a vacuum pump is connected to the other end of the air exhaust pipe (65).
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| CN113179777A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-30 | 南京林业大学 | Connecting device for grafting landscape ginkgo tree |
| CN113575156A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-02 | 铜仁学院 | Oil tea bud seedling stock grafting device |
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| CN110583264B (en) | 2021-08-03 |
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Denomination of invention: A rapid splicing method for common Camellia oleifera cultivation Effective date of registration: 20211104 Granted publication date: 20210803 Pledgee: Anhui Shucheng Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Heping sub branch Pledgor: ANHUI DECHANG NURSERY STOCK CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980011882 |
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