CN110583161A - Light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine - Google Patents
Light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110583161A CN110583161A CN201911048396.6A CN201911048396A CN110583161A CN 110583161 A CN110583161 A CN 110583161A CN 201911048396 A CN201911048396 A CN 201911048396A CN 110583161 A CN110583161 A CN 110583161A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/002—Dibble seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
- A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses a light simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine which comprises a rice transplanting machine power device, a suspension device, a rack, a direct current driving motor, a distributor, a seed discharging device, a seed box, a seed guide pipe, a pesticide box, a pesticide spraying pump, a pesticide liquid pipe, a spraying rod, a furrow opener, a profiling floating plate adjusting device, a profiling floating plate connecting frame and a profiling floating plate; the seed metering device is installed above the frame, the frame is installed on a suspension device behind the power device of the rice transplanter, the seed guide pipe is installed between a distributor port below the seed metering device and a seed feeding pipe of the profiling floating plate furrow opener, the profiling floating plate furrow opener is installed below the frame through a profile floating plate adjusting device, and the pesticide box is pressurized by the pesticide spraying pump and then is connected with the closed weeding spray rod through the pesticide liquid pipe to complete closed weeding operation. The light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine integrates the characteristics of centralized seed sowing, closed weeding, simplified machines and the like, realizes that one seed sowing device can carry out 6-row rice precision hole sowing, and simultaneously carries out synchronous closed weeding operation after seed sowing, effectively improves the working efficiency and the seed sowing precision, simplifies the machine structure and meets the requirements of sowing operation in different areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop sowing equipment, in particular to a light and simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine.
Background
The rice is one of the main grain crops in China, and the planting area of the rice in China is 3200 more than ten thousand hm2About 14 percent of the total cultivated land area in China and 20 percent of the rice planting area in the world; the total yield of rice is 34% of the world, and is the first in the world. Rice is a main grain crop in south China, occupies a very important position in food safety in China, and currently, agriculture in China faces a historical period of conversion from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, and rice planting mechanization is an important component. The light and simple planting machine is an important guarantee for realizing the aims of high yield, high efficiency and low consumption, and the machine transplanting in Asia regions is a typical production mode for rice planting and is also a main part of mechanized rice planting. At present, the rice transplanting by an external machine in China is generally carried out by manually raising seedlings or industrially raising seedlings, then the rice is planted in the field by a transplanter in a certain growing period, and the mechanical rice transplanting is realized. The problems of complicated operation links, high labor intensity of workers, low operation efficiency, high operation cost, occupation of seedling raising fields and the like exist through manual seedling raising or industrial seedling raising. Therefore, the simplified centralized-row type rice precise hole direct sowing machine can complete synchronous operations of ditching, rice direct sowing and plant protection at one time, and reduces seedling raising links of mechanical rice transplanting. The rice direct seeding machine effectively simplifies the rice planting link, effectively reduces the operation times, material consumption and cost, and improves the lodging resistance of rice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high labor intensity, high labor cost, complex operation link, low operation efficiency and the like of manual or mechanical seedling transplanting workers, provides a light and simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine suitable for mechanized rice planting, and can complete functions of rice precision sowing, closed weeding, seed ditch opening, water ditch and the like at one time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the light and simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine comprises a suspension device, a rack, a direct current driving motor, a distributor, a seed discharging device, a seed box, a seed guiding pipe, a pesticide box, a pesticide spraying pump, a pesticide liquid pipe, a spraying rod, a furrow opener, a profiling floating plate adjusting device, a profiling floating plate connecting frame and a profiling floating plate; the suspension device is connected to the rear of a power device of the rice transplanter, the frame is connected with the suspension device in a hanging manner, a direct current driving motor and a seed metering device are installed on the frame, the direct current driving motor and the seed metering device are connected with each other through a transmission chain wheel and a chain, the seed box is installed above the seed metering device, and a seed guide pipe is connected below the seed metering device; a pesticide box and a pesticide spraying pump are installed behind the rack, a spray rod is installed behind the rack, the pesticide box is connected with the pesticide spraying pump through a rubber pesticide liquid pipe, and the pesticide spraying pump is connected with the spray rod through a rubber pesticide liquid pipe; the ditching device and the profiling floating plate are installed below the rack, the ditching device is installed below the profiling floating plate, and the profiling floating plate is installed below the rack through the profiling floating plate adjusting device.
Furthermore, the light and simplified centralized-row type rice precise hole direct sowing machine designed by the invention adopts a combined roller type centralized seed sowing technology and a mechanical seed supply mode, wherein the combined roller adopts a modular design, and a seed sowing wheel is utilized to realize 6 rows of seed supply. Meanwhile, the seed protection device is designed, so that the seed throwing time intervals of various holes in each row are consistent, and the consistency of hole distances is ensured.
Furthermore, the center of the seed sowing wheel adopts a hexagonal hole design, the seed sowing wheel is driven by a chain wheel at one end of a hexagonal shaft, the seed sowing wheel adopts a spoke type design, the diameter of the seed sowing wheel is 80mm, and 6 involute-shaped holes designed according to an involute and a parabola are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface at intervals of 60 degrees; the type hole comprises a type hole left wall surface, a type hole cavity, a type hole right wall surface and a type hole side surface, the type hole cavity is designed according to the three-axis size of the rice seed, the type hole left wall surface and the type hole right wall surface are generated according to the involute principle, the type hole side surface adopts the parabola principle inclined arc design, and the filling and the seed throwing of the rice seed are facilitated. The design of the mode that 6 type holes are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the seed sowing wheel at equal intervals is beneficial to realizing the precise hole sowing of the seed sowing device.
Further, the direct current driving motor and the seed sowing device are driven by a chain wheel and a chain, the rated voltage of the direct current driving motor is 12V, and the driving power supply of the direct current driving motor is provided by an electrical system of the power device and can also be provided by an outer 12V storage battery.
Furthermore, the seed furrow and ditch ditcher adopts a warship-shaped design, the tip of the arc-shaped ditcher which is inclined forwards by 60 degrees is adopted for ditching, field stubbles are pressed into the bottom of the ditch to prevent the ditcher from being wound with grass, the two tail wings of the warship-shaped ditcher are adopted for shaping, the trapezoidal seed furrow and the ditch are excavated, and the ditch is neat and stable in shape. The trapezoidal upper plane of furrow opener arranges according to isosceles triangle, and the welding has three bolt post, profile modeling kickboard adopts first half section circular arc design to be favorable to field profile modeling and flattening effect, and second half section adopts horizontal design to be favorable to installing furrow opener and plastic effect, on the profile modeling kickboard second half section horizontal plane, according to rice planting agronomy technical requirement design screw and furrow opener cooperation, 6 kind ditches and 7 ditches are according to 30cm equidistant staggered distribution, and kind ditch and ditch interval 15 cm. The furrow opener and the profiling floating plate are fixedly connected through a bolt on the upper plane of the furrow opener.
Furthermore, the profiling floating plate adjusting device adopts a left-handed and right-handed thread symmetrical fork head design of a closed flower basket, the length of the closed flower basket can be adjusted between 237mm ~ 342mm at will through threaded connection, one end of the profiling floating plate adjusting device is connected with the profiling floating plate connecting frame through a hinge structure, the other end of the profiling floating plate adjusting device is connected with a front connecting support lug hinge below the rack, a rear connecting support lug is fixedly connected, the front and rear inclined heights of the profiling floating plate can be adjusted through the profiling floating plate adjusting device, the furrowing quality effect is guaranteed, the left and right heights can be adjusted to guarantee that the profiling floating plate is in the horizontal position, so that the furrow bottoms of all rows are distributed on the horizontal position, and the field water management in the later period is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the seed guiding pipes are 6 transparent steel wire hoses with the inner diameter of 20mm, one ends of the transparent steel wire hoses are fixed on various seed outlets of a distributor below the seed sowing device through stainless steel hoops, the other ends of the transparent steel wire hoses are installed in seed feeding pipes at the tail ends of seed furrow openers below the profiling floating plate, the steel wire hoses are respectively and independently connected with 6 seed feeding pipes and 6 opener seed feeding pipes of the distributor in a corresponding mode, and mutually independent seed guiding is achieved.
Furthermore, the spray lance is 3 spray nozzles which are distributed in an equidistant and straight line mode, the two spray lances are symmetrically connected through a three-way joint, the two longitudinal ends of the three-way joint are in threaded connection with the spray lance, one transverse end of the three-way joint is in a cone-shaped structure and is connected with the liquid medicine pipe, and the spray lance is arranged on the outer side face of the cross beam behind the rack in a straight line mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the light and simplified centralized-discharging type rice precision hole direct sowing machine provided by the invention adopts the direct current motor to drive the seed discharging device to quantitatively provide the seeding quantity, simplifies the transmission mechanism, and can realize the stepless speed change function by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor.
2. The seed discharging device of the light simplified centralized-discharging type rice precision hole direct sowing machine is connected with the copying floating plate furrow opener through the seed guiding pipe, and the sowing depth and the sowing row spacing are adjusted through the copying floating plate adjusting device, so that the local agricultural technical requirements are met.
3. The light and simplified centralized-row type rice precise hole direct sowing machine can be used as an independent direct sowing device to be matched with a transplanter head for operation, adopts an independent module design, and has the advantages of compact and simple integral structure, small appearance, convenience in installation and disassembly and reliability in operation. The operation procedures are reduced, multifunctional operation is realized, and the development of mechanized planting of rice is effectively promoted.
4. The seed sowing wheel of the light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine adopts a modular design, and can realize sowing of 1-6 rows by matching the seed sowing wheel with the blank wheel according to the requirement of the actual size of a field plot. Flexible application, convenient and fast loading and unloading and strong adaptability.
5. The seed metering wheel type hole of the light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct seeding machine is designed by adopting involute and parabola principles, and is favorable for seed filling and seed throwing. The design of the mode that 6 shaped holes are distributed on the outer circumference of the seed sowing wheel at equal intervals is beneficial to realizing the precise hole sowing of rice. The seed metering wheel type hole cavity is designed according to the three-axis size of rice seeds, so that the rice precision seed metering is realized, the seed metering device can adapt to the seed metering of different rice seeds, the seed metering precision and the working efficiency are greatly improved, the seeds are saved, and the rice planting benefit is improved.
6. The light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine adopts a centralized seed sowing technology, one seed sowing device can efficiently complete 6-row seed sowing operation of the whole direct sowing machine, the machine structure is light, the requirement on power is reduced, the machine is suitable for being matched with all power machines, the machine can be suitable for narrow land operation in hilly and mountain areas such as southwest and the like, the operation efficiency is high, the field operation transfer is flexible, and the sowing quality is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seed metering device of a simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a seed metering device of a simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a seed metering combination wheel of the seed meter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a hole in the feed wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of a hole in the seed wheel of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the profiling floating plate furrow opener of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The light and simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine comprises a suspension device 1, a pesticide liquid pipe 2, a pesticide spraying pump 3, a rack 4, a profiling floating plate adjusting device 5, a profiling floating plate connecting frame 6, a profiling floating plate 7, a seed furrow opener 8, a water furrow opener 9, a seed feeding pipe 10, a seed guiding pipe 11, a spray rod 12, a pesticide box 13, a distributor 14, a seed discharging device 15, a direct current driving motor 16 and a seed box 17.
The suspension device 1 is connected to the rear of a transplanter power device, the transplanter power device is a power device for providing power for the simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct seeding machine, the rack 4 is connected to the suspension device 1 in a hanging mode, a seed discharging device 15 and a direct current driving motor 16 are installed on the rack 4, the seed discharging device 15 and the direct current driving motor 16 are connected with a chain through a transmission chain wheel, the seed box 17 is installed above the seed discharging device 15, a distributor 14 is installed below the seed discharging device 15, and a seed guide pipe 11 for feeding the seed by the distributor 14 is connected with a seed feeding pipe 10 of a furrow opener; a medicine box 13 and a medicine spraying pump 3 are installed behind the rack 4, a spray rod 12 is installed on the outer side of a cross beam behind the rack 4, the medicine box 13 is connected with the medicine spraying pump 3 through a rubber medicine liquid pipe 2, and the medicine spraying pump 3 is connected with the spray rod 12 through the rubber medicine liquid pipe 2; a seed furrow opener 8, a ditch opener 9 and a profiling floating plate 7 are arranged below the frame 4, the seed furrow opener 8 and the ditch opener 9 are arranged below the profiling floating plate 7, and the profiling floating plate 7 is arranged on a beam below the frame 4 through a profiling floating plate adjusting device 5.
The seed metering device 15 comprises a seed box 17, a seed baffle plate 151, a seed layer height adjusting plate 152, a front side plate 153, a seed stirring device 154, a seed discharging plate 155, a seed filling chamber 156, an arc bottom plate 157, a seed feeding pipe 158, a seed metering combined wheel 159, a rear seed protecting plate 1510, a seed protecting area 1511, a seed metering chain wheel 1512, a seed stirring driving chain wheel 1516, a seed stirring driven chain wheel 1513, a right side plate 1514, a left side plate 1515 and a seed metering transmission shaft 1517.
The seed layer height adjusting plate 152 can adjust the height up and down according to the seeding requirement, thereby controlling the seed layer height of the seed filling chamber 156. The seed discharging plate 155 is installed below the front side plate 153, so that the seed discharging plate 155 can be detached to meet the seed discharging requirement. The seed metering combination wheel 159 is composed of 6 seed metering wheels 159b, the center of the seed metering wheels 159b adopts a regular hexagonal hole design, an eccentric arc surface designed according to an involute is arranged on the rear seed protecting plate 1510, and a certain gap is formed between the arc surface and the seed metering combination wheel 159. The seed-metering transmission shaft 1517 is a regular hexagonal shaft and is in clearance fit with a regular hexagonal hole of the seed-metering wheel 159b, the 6 seed-metering wheels 159b penetrate through the seed-metering transmission shaft 1517 and rotate at the same time, and the seed-metering chain wheel 1512 is installed at the end of the seed-metering transmission shaft 1517. The seed stirring driving chain wheel 1516 is arranged on the inner side of the seed discharging chain wheel 1512 on the seed discharging transmission shaft 1517, the seed stirring driven chain wheel 1513 is arranged at the end part of the transmission shaft of the seed stirring device 154, and the seed stirring driving chain wheel 1516 drives the seed stirring driven chain wheel 1513 to rotate together.
The seeding wheel 159b is designed in a spoke manner, the diameter of the seeding wheel is 80mm, and 6 seeding holes 159a designed according to an involute and a parabola are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface at intervals of 60 degrees; the seed wheel 159b comprises a seed type hole 159a and a type hole main body 159c, the seed type hole 159a comprises a type hole left wall surface 159f, a type hole cavity 159e, a type hole right wall surface 159d, a type hole front side surface 159g and a type hole rear side surface 159h, and the seed filling and the seed feeding are facilitated. The hole cavity 159e is designed according to the three-axis size of the rice seeds, which is beneficial to preventing the seeds from blocking the holes and realizing the precision hole sowing of the seed sowing device.
The seed furrow opener 8 and the ditch opener 9 adopt a ship-shaped design, the arc opener tip 9a which is inclined forwards by 60 degrees is used for ditching, two tail wings 9b of the ship-shaped opener are used for shaping, field stubbles are pressed into the bottom of a furrow to prevent the opener from being wound with grass, and the furrow shape is neat and stable. The front half section 7a of the profiling floating plate is designed in an arc shape, the rear half section 7b of the profiling floating plate is designed horizontally to be beneficial to field profiling, leveling and shaping, the holes of the bolts 9c are designed to be matched with the furrow openers according to the technical requirements of rice planting agriculture on the horizontal plane of the rear half section 7b of the profiling floating plate, the 6 seed furrow openers 8 and the 7 ditch openers 9 are distributed in a staggered mode at equal intervals of 30cm, and the seed furrow and the ditch are separated by 15 cm.
The lifting height of the frame 4 is adjusted by the suspension device 1 through a power device hydraulic system, so that the suspension device is suitable for different height requirements of field operation and road transportation. The pesticide box 13 is used for storing the herbicide that liquid medicine mixes, the herbicide passes through after the spraying pump 3 pressure boost, carry through pesticide liquid pipe 2 in the pesticide box extremely spraying device spray lance 12 sprays, realize the synchronous closed weeding operation.
The rated voltage of the direct current driving motor 16 and the normal work of the pesticide spraying pump 3 are both 12V, and are provided by an electrical system of a power device of the rice transplanter in a unified manner, and can also be provided by an externally-carried 12V storage battery.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: as shown in figure 1, the invention mainly comprises a seeding system, a ditching system and a closed weeding system, wherein a transplanter head is used as power, and a machine tool is hung behind the power device through a hanging device 1. The core part of the seeding system is the seed metering device 15, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, before the operation, rice seeds are added into the seed box 17, and the rice seeds enter a seed filling chamber 156 of the seed metering device 15. When the power device walks in the field, the direct current driving motor 16 is started; the rotating chain wheel of the direct current driving motor 16 drives the seed sowing chain wheel 1512 through a chain so as to drive the seed sowing transmission shaft 1517, and the seed sowing transmission shaft drives the seed sowing combined wheel 159 to rotate; meanwhile, the seed stirring driving sprocket 1516 on the seed discharging transmission shaft drives the seed stirring driven sprocket 1513 through chain transmission, so as to drive the seed stirring device 154 to rotate. When the seed discharging holes 159a of each row on the seed discharging combination wheel 159 rotate to the seed filling chamber 156, the double helix seed stirring device 154 rotates to disturb the seed layers in the seed filling chamber 156, the seed filling of the 6 seed discharging holes 159a is completed in the seed filling area, and then the rice seeds rotate along with the seed discharging combination wheel 159 in the seed discharging holes 159a and reach the seed protecting area 1511 through the seed carrying area. The rice seeds will not be separated from the seeding holes 159a under the pressure protection of the rear seed protection plate 1510. Until the seed discharge holes are rotated to the seed feeding tube 158 of the seed feeding area, the rice seeds are discharged from the seed discharge holes 159a by the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force without the pressure protection of the rear seed protection plate 1510. The rice seeds discharged from the seed discharge holes 159a fall into the distributor 14, and fall into the corresponding seed guide pipes 11 through the 6 distribution ports of the distributor 14, and the rice seeds are guided by the seed guide pipes 11 to act on the seed feeding pipe 10 of the lower furrowing device and fall into the seed furrow formed by the seed furrow opener 8, thereby completing the seeding operation. A section of seed protecting circular arc surface of the rear seed protecting plate 1510 is coated with a protective layer made of EVA material, and the protective layer not only has an effective seed protecting effect, but also can effectively prevent rice seeds from being crushed in the seed protecting process. Under the seed protection effect of the rear seed protection plate 1510, rice seeds in each row of the seed discharge holes 159a have a certain seed feeding interval corresponding to rice seeds in the next row of the seed discharge holes 159a, and the seed feeding interval time is consistent, so that the consistency of each row of seeding hole distance is ensured. The sowing hole distance of the direct sowing machine can be adjusted by changing the ratio of the rotating speed of the row combination wheel 159 in the seed sowing device 15 and the advancing speed of the power device.
The ditching system mainly comprises a profiling floating plate adjusting device 5, a profiling floating plate connecting frame 6, a profiling floating plate 7, a seed ditch ditcher 8, a ditch ditcher 9 and a seed feeding pipe 10. When the machine is used for field operation, the profile modeling height of the front half section 7a of the profile modeling floating plate is adjusted through the length of the profile modeling floating plate adjusting device 5 to adapt to field operation with different stubble contents and water contents, when the machine moves forward, the machine frame 4 pulls the profile modeling floating plate 7 through the profile modeling floating plate adjusting device 5 to move forward, the front half section 7a of the profile modeling floating plate compacts field stubbles and soil which is not leveled, the rear half section 7b of the profile modeling floating plate levels the soil passing through the front half section, and meanwhile, a seed furrow opener 8 and a water furrow opener 9 which are arranged below the rear half section 7b of the profile modeling floating plate move forward along with the machine to open a trapezoidal seed furrow and a water furrow. The front end 9a of the warship-shaped furrow opener adopts an arc design inclined forwards by 60 degrees, field stubbles are pressed into the bottom of the furrow to prevent the furrow opener from being wound with grass, the two tail wings 9b at the rear end of the warship-shaped furrow opener are adopted for shaping, the furrow shape is ensured to be tidy and stable, and required trapezoidal seed furrows and water furrows are formed.
The closed weeding system mainly comprises a pesticide spraying pump 3, a pesticide liquid pipe 2, a spray rod 12, a pesticide box 13 and the like. When the machine is used for mixing and dissolving closed herbicide and water in a pesticide box 13 according to a certain ratio before field operation, when a power device is started, a power supply of a direct current driving motor 16 for driving a seed discharging device is connected through an electric control system, and meanwhile, a power supply of a pesticide spraying pump 3 is connected to pressurize pesticide liquid in the pesticide box, so that the closed weeding function is synchronously realized while seeding is ensured. The liquid medicine pressurized by the spray pump is conveyed to a spray rod 12 of the weeding and spraying device through a liquid medicine pipe 2 to be sprayed on the field after seeding, and closed weeding operation is completed.
The invention discloses a light simplified centralized-row type rice precise hole direct sowing machine, which comprises the following working procedures: loading seeds, loading seeds → setting seed-metering rotation speed → advancing of a power device → a seed-metering device, working of a pesticide-spraying pump → disturbance of seeds by a seed-stirring shaft and working of the pesticide-spraying pump to pressurize pesticide box liquid, opening a seed ditch by a furrow opener, carrying seeds by a seed-metering wheel → loading seeds → circulating the steps → completing 6 rows of rice seed hole sowing, ditching, closed weeding → seed discharging and pesticide discharging.
The invention has the following specific implementation effects: the rice seed sowing device solves the problems that rice seed sowing devices in China are mostly converted from corn seed sowing devices, soybean seed sowing devices and the like, one single seed sowing device can only sow one row and the traditional seed sowing devices are mostly driven by land wheels, the rice precise hole sowing technology cannot be well realized, and the rice seed sowing device mainly has the problems of complex structure, high requirement on matching power of machines, low operation efficiency, inaccurate seed sowing amount, seed waste and the like. The invention adopts the centralized-row combined roller mode to realize that one seed sowing device can perform 6-row rice precision hole sowing seed sowing, simultaneously open the water outlet ditch and the seed ditch, and perform synchronous closed weeding operation after seed sowing, thereby effectively improving the working efficiency and the seed sowing precision, simplifying the structure of the machine and adapting to the requirements of sowing operation in different areas.
According to the field sowing test carried out by the light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine, the test variety is Tianyou Huazhan, and the seed sowing performance is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 field sowing performance test results of rice precision hole direct sowing machine
| Measuring point | Point 1 | Point 2 | Point 3 | Point 4 | Point 5 | Point 6 | Mean value of |
| Point 1 | |||||||
| Line 1 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 3 | 4.33 |
| Line 2 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 4.17 |
| Line 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 4.17 |
| Line 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 4.33 |
| Line 5 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 5 | 5.17 |
| Line 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 3.33 |
| Point 2 | |||||||
| Line 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 4.00 |
| Line 2 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 3.67 |
| Line 3 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3.00 |
| Line 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 5 | 3.33 |
| Line 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 2.33 |
| Line 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2.33 |
| Point 3 | |||||||
| Line 1 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 5.00 |
| Line 2 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 5.00 |
| Line 3 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 4.67 |
| Line 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 5.00 |
| Line 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 3.83 |
| Line 6 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4.00 |
| 3.98 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the average seeding rate per hole of 3.98 grains/hole, the ratio of the seeding rate per hole of 2 ~ 6 grains to 81.48%, the ratio of 1 grain/hole to 8.33%, and the ratio of more than 6 grains/hole to 10.19% can satisfy the requirement of direct seeding of rice.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited, and modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The invention discloses a light simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine which is characterized by comprising a suspension device (1), a pesticide liquid pipe (2), a pesticide spraying pump (3), a rack (4), a profiling floating plate adjusting device (5), a profiling floating plate connecting frame (6), a profiling floating plate (7), a seed ditch opener (8), a water ditch opener (9), a seed feeding pipe (10), a seed guiding pipe (11), a spray rod (12), a pesticide box (13), a distributor (14), a seed discharging device (15), a direct current driving motor (16) and a seed box (17); the seed sowing device is characterized in that the rack (4) is hung on the suspension device (1), a seed sowing device (15) and a direct current driving motor (16) are installed on the upper portion of the rack (4), a seed box (17) is installed above the seed sowing device (15), and a distributor (14) is installed below the seed sowing device (15); the seed guide pipe (11) is connected between the distributor (14) and the seed feeding pipe (10) of the furrow opener; a medicine box (13) is arranged behind the rack (4), the medicine spraying pump (3) is connected with the spray rod (12) through a rubber medicine liquid pipe (2), and the spray rod (12) is arranged behind the rack (4); the seed furrow opener (8) and the ditch opener (9) are arranged below the profiling floating plate (7), and the profiling floating plate (7) is arranged below the rack (4) through a profiling floating plate adjusting device (5); the seed furrow opener (8) and the ditch opener (9) are arranged below the profiling floating plate (7) in a staggered manner at intervals of 30 cm.
2. The light and simplified centralized-discharging type rice precise hole direct sowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the seed sowing device (15) comprises a seed baffle plate (151), a seed layer height adjusting plate (152), a front side plate (153), a seed stirring device (154), a seed discharging plate (155), a seed filling chamber (156), an arc bottom plate (157), a seed feeding pipe (158), a seed sowing combination wheel (159), a rear seed protecting plate (1510), a seed protecting area (1511), a seed sowing chain wheel (1512), a seed stirring driving chain wheel (1516), a seed stirring driven chain wheel (1513), a right side plate (1514), a left side plate (1515) and a seed sowing transmission shaft (1517); the seed baffle plate (151) is arranged above the seed level adjusting plate (152); a seed discharging plate (155) is arranged below the front side plate (151); the seeding combination wheel (159) consists of 6 seeding wheels (159b), and the seeding wheels (159b) comprise a shaped hole (159a) and a regular hexagonal hole formed in the center of a shaped hole main body (159 c); the rear seed protection plate (1510) is coated with a circular arc surface of a protection layer; the seed sowing chain wheel (1512) is installed at one end of the seed sowing transmission shaft (1517), the seed sowing wheel (159b) is inserted on the regular hexagonal seed sowing transmission shaft (1517), and the seed sowing transmission shaft (1517) rotates together; the diameter of the seeding wheel (159b) is 80mm, and 6 involute seeding holes (159a) are uniformly distributed on the outer circular surface at intervals of 60 degrees; the seed discharging wheel (159b) comprises a seed discharging type hole (159a) and a type hole main body (159c), the seed discharging type hole (159a) comprises a type hole left wall surface (159f), a type hole cavity (159e), a type hole right wall surface (159d), a type hole front side surface (159g) and a type hole rear side surface (159h), the type hole left wall surface (159f) and the type hole right wall surface (159d) are involute curves, and the type hole front side surface (159g) and the type hole rear side surface (159h) are parabolas, so that seed charging and seed feeding are facilitated.
3. The light and simplified centralized-drainage type rice precise hole direct sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed furrow opener (8) and the ditch opener (9) are warship-shaped, and the arc opener tip (9a) of the ditch opener (9) is furrowing grass which inclines forwards by 60 degrees; two tail wings (9b) of the ditch opener (9) are shaped to form a trapezoidal seed ditch and a ditch; the front half section (7a) of the profiling floating plate (7) is an arc, and the rear half section (7b) of the profiling floating plate (7) is a horizontal plane.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911048396.6A CN110583161A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911048396.6A CN110583161A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110583161A true CN110583161A (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911048396.6A Pending CN110583161A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Light simplified centralized-row type rice precision hole direct sowing machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111527839A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-14 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Plateau mountain area radish direct seeding device and method |
| CN111919551A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-13 | 华南农业大学 | Foldable broad width rice direct seeder |
-
2019
- 2019-10-31 CN CN201911048396.6A patent/CN110583161A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111527839A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-08-14 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Plateau mountain area radish direct seeding device and method |
| CN111919551A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-13 | 华南农业大学 | Foldable broad width rice direct seeder |
| CN111919551B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2024-04-12 | 华南农业大学 | Folding broad-width rice direct seeding machine |
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