CN110583125A - Horizontal sugarcane precision planter - Google Patents

Horizontal sugarcane precision planter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110583125A
CN110583125A CN201910923374.3A CN201910923374A CN110583125A CN 110583125 A CN110583125 A CN 110583125A CN 201910923374 A CN201910923374 A CN 201910923374A CN 110583125 A CN110583125 A CN 110583125A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
sugarcane
rotary tillage
plate
seed
frame
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Granted
Application number
CN201910923374.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110583125B (en
Inventor
庞天
覃建才
王维赞
李毅杰
邓智年
黄成丰
张荣华
吴凯朝
徐林
刘晓燕
覃文宪
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201910923374.3A priority Critical patent/CN110583125B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/02Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
    • A01B49/022Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A01B49/06Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
    • A01B49/065Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly discloses a transverse-row type sugarcane precision seeder, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, a rotary tillage device, a conveying belt, a guide plate, a stop strip on the conveying belt, a seed sowing device, a soft plate arranged at a seed sowing port of the seed sowing device, a hydraulic pump, a furrow opener and a backfill plate. According to the invention, the soft plate is arranged at the seed sowing opening of the seed sowing device, so that the sugarcane seed stems are in flexible contact with the side wall when passing through the seed sowing opening, the blockage of the seed sowing opening is avoided, and the sugarcane seed stems are protected from being damaged; still ditching soil through rotary cultivator attachment and furrow opener, sow the slot with sugarcane kind of stem, then further backfill soil through the backfill board, cover sugarcane kind of stem to because the seeding depth is too shallow when having avoided current seeder to sow, thereby when meetting rainwater weather, thereby the easy rainwater that is washed out of sugarcane kind of stem causes the condition of sowing failure.

Description

Horizontal sugarcane precision planter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane planting, and particularly relates to a transverse-row type sugarcane precision seeder.
Background
Sugar cane is a temperate and tropical crop, a raw material for sucrose production, and ethanol can be extracted as an energy substitute. The sugarcane contains abundant sugar and water, also contains various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron and other substances which are very beneficial to the metabolism of a human body, and is mainly used for preparing sugar.
The common planting mode of the sugarcane adopts a seed stem planting mode. Seed stem: the whole sugar cane is cut into a plurality of cane segments, wherein each segment contains 1 to 2 cane nodes, and such a small segment of cane segment is the seed stem. In the planting process of sugarcane seeds, a planter is used for ditching soil, then sugarcane seed stems are scattered in a field ditch at certain intervals, and finally soil is backfilled. Because of the mechanized popularization of sugarcane planting, the ditching, seeding and backfilling can be realized mechanically. In the reference with the patent number CN201811621916.3, an automatic seed-metering type sugarcane planter is disclosed, in the using process of the planter, when a conveying device conveys sugarcane seed stems, the sugarcane seed stems are transversely placed, in the blanking process, the seed stems enter a pendulum bell funnel of a pendulum bell mechanism, can be clamped at an outlet of the funnel, and form accumulation to cause blockage of the pendulum bell funnel, at the moment, the operation must be stopped for manual dredging, time and labor are wasted, and the seed stems are easily damaged by the mouth wall of the outlet when passing through the outlet; the prior art also has the defects that the seed stems are directly sown in the soil after the rotary tillage blades turn over the soil, and the steps of soil ditching and soil backfilling are not needed, so that the sowing depth is too shallow, even partial sugarcane seed stems are exposed out of the soil, and the sowing fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a transverse-row type sugarcane precision seeder, so that the defects that a blanking hopper is easy to clamp seeds, block and scratch at a seed sowing port in the seeding process of the conventional sugarcane planter are overcome.
The invention also aims to overcome the defect that the seeding fails because the seed stems of the sugarcane are sown too shallowly because the soil cannot be ditched and backfilled in the seeding process of the conventional sugarcane planter through the design of the ditcher, the backfill plate and the soil shifter.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a transverse row type sugarcane precision planter, comprising: a frame; the rotary tillage device is arranged at the front end of the frame; the conveying belt is arranged on a conveying rack through rollers, the conveying rack is arranged behind the rotary tillage device, and the discharging end of the conveying belt is bent towards the lower oblique direction through a guide plate with one end arranged on the conveying rack; the blocking strips are uniformly arranged on the conveying belt at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying belt and are vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying belt; the seeding device comprises a sliding plate which inclines obliquely downwards, two seeding openings which are staggered front and back are arranged below the sliding plate, soft plates are respectively arranged on the front edge and the back edge of each seeding opening, and the two seeding openings are separated from each other by the other end of the guide plate; a hydraulic pump connected to the rollers at one end of one of the conveyor belts through a hydraulic pump gear set; the two furrow openers are respectively arranged below one seed sowing opening, each furrow opener is provided with a seed sowing chamber, the top of each seed sowing chamber is provided with a seed inlet opposite to the seed sowing opening, and the bottom of each seed sowing chamber is provided with a seed sowing opening; and the backfill plates are arranged behind the furrow opener, and the inner sides of the two backfill plates are gathered towards the center.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the rotary tillage device includes: the horizontal rotating shaft is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the rack; the rotary tillage blades are arranged on two sides of the horizontal rotating shaft at intervals, are S-shaped, and are bent towards the same side; a rotary plow provided in front of the rotary blade; the rotary tillage gear box is fixed with the frame, and a rotary tillage gear set is arranged in the rotary tillage gear box; one end of the power input shaft is provided with a spline, and the other end of the power input shaft is connected with the horizontal rotating shaft through the rotary tillage gear set; and one side of the rotary tillage plough frame is fixed with the rotary tillage machine shell, and the other side of the rotary tillage plough frame is fixed with the rotary tillage plough.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the conveyor belt further includes seats disposed on both sides of the conveyor belt.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the furrow opener is further provided with a furrow plate, and the two furrow plates form an acute angle by welding one side of each furrow plate.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the device further includes a connecting seat, which is disposed at the front end of the rack.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the digging device further comprises a connecting rod, one end of which is fixed to the outer side surface of the furrow opener, and the other end of which is fixed to the inner side surface of the backfill plate.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the hydraulic pump gearbox is further included, and the hydraulic pump gear set is arranged inside the hydraulic pump gearbox.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, the apparatus further includes a fixing seat disposed on the conveyor frame, and both ends of the roller are respectively connected with the fixing seat in a rotatable manner.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a bottom plate is disposed at the bottom of the frame.
Preferably, in the above technical solution, a dozer plate is disposed on each of the inner sides of the two backfill plates.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the soft plate is arranged at the seed sowing opening, so that the sugarcane seed stems are in flexible contact with the seed sowing opening when passing through the seed sowing opening, the blockage during the blanking is avoided, and the sugarcane seed stems are protected from being cut by the seed sowing opening.
2. The invention firstly loosens the soil through the rotary tillage device, then ditches the soil through the ditcher to enable the sugarcane seed stems to fall into the ditches, and then backfills the soil discharged from the two sides of the ditches into the ditches through the backfilling plate to cover the sugarcane seed stems.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a horizontal sugarcane precision seeder of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a structural view of the horizontal sugarcane precision planter of the present invention viewed from below.
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a rotary tillage device of the horizontal sugarcane precision planter of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a hydraulic transmission part of the transverse sugarcane precision seeder.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the shank, backfill plate and blade of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of a conveying part of the transverse-type sugarcane precision seeder of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a structural view of a seed sowing device of the horizontal sugarcane precision seed sowing machine of the invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
1-frame, 2-rotary cultivator attachment, 3-conveyor belt, 4-roller, 5-conveyor frame, 6-guide plate, 7-stop strip, 8-seed setting device, 9-hydraulic pump, 10-furrow opener, 11-backfill plate, 12-seat, 13-connecting seat, 14-connecting rod, 15-hydraulic pump gear box, 16-fixing seat, 17-bottom plate, 18-soil-shifting plate, 21-horizontal rotating shaft, 22-rotary tillage blade, 23-rotary tillage plough, 24-rotary tillage gear box, 25-power input shaft, 26-rotary tillage gear set, 27-rotary tillage frame, 261-first worm, 262-first gear, 263-second gear, 264-third gear, 81-sliding plate, 82-seed setting port, 83-soft board, 91-hydraulic pump gear group, 911-fourth gear, 912-second worm, 101-seed dropping room, 102-seed inlet, 103-seed outlet and 104-ditching board.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the side-by-side type sugarcane precision seeder in this embodiment includes: the device comprises a frame 1, a rotary tillage device 2, a conveying belt 3, rollers 4, a conveying frame 5, a guide plate 6, a stop bar 7, a seed sowing device 8, a hydraulic pump 9, a furrow opener 10, a backfill plate 11, a seat 12, a connecting seat 13, a connecting rod 14, a hydraulic pump gear box 15, a fixed seat 16, a bottom plate 17, a bulldozer plate 18, a horizontal rotating shaft 21, a rotary blade 22, a rotary plow 23, a rotary tillage gear box 24, a power input shaft 25, a rotary tillage gear set 26, a rotary tillage plow frame 27, a first worm 261, a first gear 262, a second gear 263, a third gear 264, a sliding plate 81, a seed sowing port 82, a soft plate 83, a hydraulic pump gear set 91, a fourth gear 911, a second worm 912, a seed sowing chamber 101, a seed inlet 102, a seed sowing port 103 and a furrow opening plate; the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a bottom plate 17, the periphery of the bottom plate is provided with a fence, the front end of the frame 1 is welded with three connecting seats 13, and the connecting seats 13 are used for connecting the seeder with the rear end of a tractor when the seeder is pulled by the tractor; a rotary tillage device 2 is arranged at the front end of the frame 1; a conveyor frame 5 is arranged behind the rotary tillage device at the middle part of the frame 1, the conveying belt 3 is arranged on the conveyor frame 5 through three rollers 4, two fixed seats 16 are respectively arranged at two ends of two rollers 4 arranged at the end part, the rollers 4 can rotate in the fixed seats 16, the other roller 4 is arranged at the middle part of the conveyor belt 3, and two ends of the other roller 4 are connected with the conveyor frame 5 in a rotatable manner; two rows of baffle strips 7 are uniformly arranged on the conveying surface of the conveying belt 3 at intervals along the conveying direction, and the direction of each baffle strip 7 is vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying belt 3; the guide plate 6 is vertical to the conveying surface of the conveying belt 3 and is arranged between two rows of stop bars 7 at intervals, one end of the guide plate 6 is connected with the frame 1 at the feeding end of the conveying belt 3, a bent long hole is arranged in the middle of the guide plate 6, the conveying belt 3 is sleeved in the long hole, one roller 4 in the middle of the conveying belt 3 is positioned at the bent part of the long hole, two rollers 4 at two ends of the conveying belt 3 are positioned at two ends of the long hole, the feeding end of the conveying belt 3 is horizontal through the shape constraint of the long hole, and the discharging end is bent towards the lower oblique direction; the blanking end of the conveyer belt 3 is provided with a seed dropping device 8, the front side of the seed dropping device 8 is provided with a sliding plate 81 which inclines to the lower side in an inclined way, the plate surface of the sliding plate is vertical to the guide plate 6, the lower side of the sliding plate 81 is in a step shape, the lower end of the sliding plate is welded with a horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is provided with two openings which are staggered from front to back and correspond to the step-shaped lower side of the sliding plate 81, so that two seed dropping openings 82 are formed between the two openings of the horizontal plate and the lower side of the sliding; two soft plates 83 are fixed on the lower side of the sliding plate 81, one soft plate 83 is also fixed on each of the two openings of the horizontal plate, and the soft plates 83 are made of rubber, can pass through the seed outlet 82 and bend downwards and extend into the seed inlet 102; the other end of the guide plate 6 extends to the plate surface of the sliding plate 81 and separates the upper areas of the two seed sowing openings 82; the hydraulic pump 9 is connected with the roller 5 at the blanking end of the conveying belt 3 through a hydraulic pump gear set 91; the hydraulic pump gear set 91 is arranged in the hydraulic pump gear box 15, the hydraulic pump gear box 15 is arranged below the frame 1, wherein the hydraulic pump gear set 91 comprises a fourth gear 911 and a second worm 912, the output shaft of the hydraulic pump 9 is connected with the second worm 912, the second worm 912 is meshed with the fourth gear 911, and the fourth gear 911 is coaxially connected with the roller 4; the hydraulic pump 9 is connected with a hydraulic drive pump on the tractor so as to provide power for the conveying part of the seeder; the front end of the furrow opener 10 is formed by mutually welding one side of two furrow plates 104, a sharp corner is formed between the two furrow plates 104, the two furrow plates 104 and three rear side plates are mutually enclosed and welded into a box body, a seeding chamber 101 is arranged inside the box body, an opening at the top of the box body is a seed inlet 102, an opening at the bottom of the box body and an opening on the rear side plate are seed outlets 103, and the seed inlet 102 and the seed outlet 82 are mutually aligned; the outer side surfaces of the two furrow openers 10 are respectively and horizontally welded with a connecting rod 14, the non-welding ends of the connecting rods 14 are extended backwards and are respectively welded with one backfill plate 11, the two backfill plates 11 are both in vertical postures, a reinforcing rod is welded between the two backfill plates 11 for reinforcing, the inner sides of the two backfill plates 11 are respectively welded with a triangular bulldozing plate 18, and the bulldozing surface of the bulldozing plate 18 is folded towards the area between the two parallel backfill plates 11; two seats 12 are also mounted on the frame 1, one on each side of the conveyor belt 3.
With continued reference to fig. 3, rotary tillage gear set 26 of rotary tillage apparatus 2 is mounted in rotary tillage tine box 24, and rotary tillage tine box 24 is fixed with frame 1; the rotary tillage gear set 26 comprises a first worm 261, a first gear 262, a second gear 263 and a third gear 264, one end of the power input shaft 25 is in a spline structure, the other end of the power input shaft is connected with the first worm 261, the first worm 261 is meshed with the first gear 262, the first gear 262 is meshed with the second gear 263, the second gear 263 is meshed with the third gear 264, the third gear 264 is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft 21, a plurality of rotary tillage cutters 22 are arranged on two sides of the horizontal rotating shaft 21 at intervals, the rotary tillage cutters 22 are S-shaped, the middle part of each rotary tillage cutter is fixedly connected with the horizontal rotating shaft 21 and can rotate along with the horizontal rotating shaft 21, and the cutter heads at two ends of each rotary tillage cutter 22 are bent to form a 90-.
Next, the operation method and the operation principle of the horizontal sugarcane precision planter in this embodiment will be described in detail to make those skilled in the art understand the present invention:
1. equipment installation: before the seeder works, the seeder is connected with a tractor; the power input shaft 25 is connected with the power output end of the engine of the tractor, the connecting base 13 is connected with the traction device of the tractor, and the hydraulic pump 9 is connected with the hydraulic drive pump on the tractor.
2. The personnel are in position: an operator steps on the seeder and sits on the seat 12, and a material box containing the sugarcane seed stems is placed on the bottom plate 17 and beside the operator, so that the material is conveniently taken and placed.
3. The machine works: when the tractor is started, the whole seeder can be pulled to move forwards, and the rotary tillage device 2 and the conveying belt 3 work at the moment; firstly, loosening hardened soil by the rotary plow 23, and further digging the soil by the rotary blade 22 at the rear part of the rotary plow through rotation; the ditching plate 104 in the ditcher 10 ditches loose soil; an operator puts one or more sugarcane seed stems into each baffle 7 in a fixed amount, the sugarcane seed stems are brought to a discharging end by the conveyer belt 3 and then fall on the sliding plate 81, the sugarcane seed stems roll to the discharging port 82 along the slope surface of the sliding plate 81, enter the seed inlet 102 along the soft plate 83, then pass through the seed sowing chamber 101 and fall into a groove formed by the furrow opener 10 from the seed sowing port 103; after the sugarcane seed stems fall into the trench, the backfill plate 11 and the dozer plate 18 behind the furrow opener 10 can collect the soil drained during furrow opening again and backfill the soil into the trench.
In conclusion, the soft plate is arranged at the seed sowing opening of the seed sowing device, so that the sugarcane seed stems are in flexible contact with the side wall when passing through the seed sowing opening, the blockage of the seed sowing opening is avoided, and the sugarcane seed stems are protected from being bruised; still ditching soil through rotary cultivator attachment and furrow opener, sow the slot with sugarcane kind of stem, then further backfill soil through the backfill board, cover sugarcane kind of stem to because the seeding depth is too shallow when having avoided current seeder to sow, thereby when meetting rainwater weather, thereby the easy rainwater that is washed out of sugarcane kind of stem causes the condition of sowing failure.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a horizontal formula sugarcane precision planter which characterized in that includes:
a frame (1);
a rotary tillage device (2) arranged at the front end of the frame (1);
the conveying belt (3) is arranged on a conveying rack (5) through rollers (4), the conveying rack (5) is arranged behind the rotary tillage device (2), and the blanking end of the conveying belt (3) is bent towards the lower oblique direction through a guide plate (6) with one end arranged on the conveying rack (5);
the baffle strips (7) are arranged on the conveying belt (4) at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying belt (4) and are vertical to the conveying direction of the conveying belt (4);
the seeding device (8) comprises a sliding plate (81) inclined to the lower oblique direction, two seeding openings (82) staggered from each other front to back are arranged below the sliding plate (81), soft plates (83) are respectively arranged on the front edge and the rear edge of each seeding opening, and the two seeding openings (82) are separated from each other by the other end of the guide plate (6);
a hydraulic pump (9) connected to the rollers (4) at one end of one of the conveyor belts (3) through a hydraulic pump gear set (91);
the two furrow openers (10) are respectively arranged below one sowing opening (82), each furrow opener (10) is provided with a sowing chamber (101), the top of each sowing chamber (101) is provided with a sowing opening (102) opposite to the sowing opening (82), and the bottom of each sowing chamber (101) is provided with a seed discharging opening (103); and
and the backfill plates (11) are arranged behind the furrow opener (10), and the inner sides of the two backfill plates (11) are gathered towards the center.
2. The crossheading sugarcane precision planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary tillage device (2) comprises:
the horizontal rotating shaft (21), the horizontal rotating shaft (21) is arranged at the front end of the bottom of the rack (1);
the rotary tillage blades (22) are arranged on two sides of the horizontal rotating shaft (21) at intervals, the rotary tillage blades (22) are S-shaped, and two blade heads are bent towards the same side;
a rotary plow (23) provided in front of the rotary blade (22);
a rotary tillage gear box (24) fixed with the frame (1), wherein a rotary tillage gear set (26) is arranged in the rotary tillage gear box (24);
a power input shaft (25), one end of which is provided with a spline and the other end of which is connected with the horizontal rotating shaft (21) through the rotary tillage gear set (26); and
and a rotary tillage plow frame (27) with one side fixed with the rotary tillage machine shell (24) and the other side fixed with the rotary tillage plow (23).
3. The transverse sugarcane precision planter according to claim 1, further comprising seats (12) disposed on both sides of the conveyor belt (3).
4. The transverse sugarcane precision seeder as claimed in claim 2, wherein the furrow opener (10) is further provided with a furrow plate (104), and the two furrow plates (104) form an acute angle by welding one edge to the other.
5. The transverse sugarcane precision seeder according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting base (13) provided at the front end of the frame (1).
6. The transverse sugarcane precision seeder according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting rod (14) having one end fixed to the outer side of the furrow opener (10) and the other end fixed to the inner side of the backfill plate (11).
7. The side-by-side sugarcane precision planter according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic pump gear box (15), wherein the hydraulic pump gear set (91) is disposed inside the hydraulic pump gear box (15).
8. The transverse sugarcane precision seeder according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing seat (16) provided on the conveyor frame (5), wherein both ends of the roller (4) are rotatably connected to the fixing seat (16), respectively.
9. The transverse sugarcane precision planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the frame (1) is provided with a bottom plate (17).
10. The transverse sugarcane precision planter according to claim 1, characterized in that the two backfill plates (11) are each provided with a bulldozer plate (18) on the inside.
CN201910923374.3A 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 Horizontal sugarcane precision planter Active CN110583125B (en)

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CN111386997A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-10 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Wide-row soil moisture conservation planting method for sugarcane
CN113179687A (en) * 2021-04-30 2021-07-30 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Sugarcane integration planter that collection data collected

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