CN110582599A - 蓬松纤维装饰部件 - Google Patents
蓬松纤维装饰部件 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110582599A CN110582599A CN201880028591.XA CN201880028591A CN110582599A CN 110582599 A CN110582599 A CN 110582599A CN 201880028591 A CN201880028591 A CN 201880028591A CN 110582599 A CN110582599 A CN 110582599A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- staple fibers
- polysiloxane
- trim part
- sheath
- trim
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/55—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0207—Elastomeric fibres
- B32B2262/0215—Thermoplastic elastomer fibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
用于车辆的装饰部件,其至少包含:由热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维组成的纤维层,所述热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维由形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮的第一聚合物和形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的芯的第二聚合物组成,并且其中通过将所述外皮聚合物加热而熔融以在所述长丝或短纤维之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结,其特征在于,至少所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮包含减缩添加剂,所述减缩添加剂至少为聚硅氧烷,优选聚二甲基硅氧烷。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆装饰部件,特别是一种用于车辆内部或者用于车辆外部的装饰部件及生产其的方法,所述用于车辆内部的装饰部件例如是覆层或面板,所述用于车辆外部的装饰部件例如是发动机下罩、车身下面板或外轮拱内衬。
背景技术
在本领域中已知由纤维材料生产用于车辆的装饰部件。例如,已知生产用于保护下面的车辆底板的车身下面板。使用这样的车身下面板增加汽车的空气动力学性能并且保护车辆底部免受由于在道路上行驶车辆时石块碎石和/或其它恶劣条件而造成的损坏。同样,其它类型的面板或覆层,例如封闭仪表板、后备箱覆层或包裹架下面的间隙的封口板(hush panels),可以由模制的纤维毡材料制成。
作为纤维溶液,可以使用由粗梳、交叉铺网的长丝材料制成的毡材料。例如与共聚酯粘合的聚酯基材料。汽车装饰部件可以热或冷模制以形成最终所需形状。
聚酯长丝或纤维通常在110与260℃之间的温度下熔融,然而,在较低的温度下,聚酯开始软化,特别是它可能开始失去其弹性。在形成网或垫的过程中获得的松散纤维结构有利于所生产的最终部件的声学性能。然而,在模制过程中,纤维材料可能开始软化,这导致所述网的纤维结构自身塌陷,增加密度并引起所述结构内较少的空隙(open space)。从而降低了所生产的最终装饰部件的噪音吸收性能。这可以看作厚度收缩,即厚度的无意减小,特别是在部件的模制期间。
通过使用再循环的聚酯进一步增强此效应,所述再循环的聚酯可以具有更低的软化温度,并且另外当混合不同来源的材料时,其总体软化是更不可预测的,这增加了厚度收缩的效应。
因此,本发明的目的是强化用于车辆的模制纤维装饰部件的噪音吸收性能,所述用于车辆的模制纤维装饰部件特别是外部装饰部件,例如模制的车身下面板、外轮拱内衬,或内部装饰部件,例如覆层或面板。
发明内容
所述目的通过根据权利要求1所述的用于车辆的装饰部件或覆层或根据权利要求2所述的等同方案来实现。
特别是通过一种用于车辆的装饰部件实现,其至少包含:由热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维组成的纤维层,所述热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维由形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的芯的第一聚合物和形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮的第二聚合物组成,并且其中通过将所述外皮聚合物加热而熔融以在所述长丝或短纤维之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结,其特征在于所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮至少包含减缩添加剂,所述减缩添加剂为聚硅氧烷或聚二甲基硅氧烷。
或者通过根据权利要求2的替代方案,特别是一种用于车辆的装饰部件实现,其至少包含纤维层,所述纤维层由具有至少第一组短纤维和第二组短纤维的热塑性短纤维组成,其中第二组短纤维具有高于第一组短纤维的熔融温度的熔融温度,并且其中通过将第一组短纤维加热而熔融以在第二组的短纤维之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结,并且其中至少第一组短纤维至少包含减缩添加剂,所述减缩添加剂是聚硅氧烷或聚二甲基硅氧烷。
令人惊讶地,向粘合聚合物中添加添加剂减少了毡材料在包括模制的部件生产过程期间的厚度收缩,导致最终模制部件的蓬松感增加。尽管可以将所述材料加热到至少高于双组分长丝或短纤维的芯材料或具有较高熔融温度的第二组短纤维的软化点,但纤维结构在部件的成形期间不以相同的量级坍塌。因此,基本上保留了网中的原始空隙以及最终部件中所用的网或垫的初始高度。此令人惊讶的效果增强了设计自由度。现在,所述材料能够在相同或相似的面积重量下跨越更大的厚度范围,同时在相当的密度下在最终模制部件中保持相似的噪音吸收特性。
由于将聚硅氧烷添加到双组分材料的外皮中或在用作粘合剂的单组分短纤维的组中,可以使用原始和/或再循环来源和/或这样的来源的组合的聚酯,例如来自瓶片、织物或工业来源的再循环聚酯,优选再循环PET(rPET)。令人惊讶地,聚硅氧烷添加剂甚至通过在模制期间促进回弹性、降低厚度收缩而帮助克服再循环聚酯的降低的质量的负面影响。
至少双组分长丝或短纤维中的外皮形式或粘合剂纤维形式的粘合剂聚合物包含根据本发明的聚硅氧烷添加剂。所述粘合剂聚合物熔融并形成在第二纤维组的短纤维之间的粘结点或在双组分长丝或短纤维的芯材料的短纤维之间的粘结点,从而固结纤维层。
所用聚硅氧烷至少在形成双组分或单组分长丝或短纤维之前加入到粘合剂聚合物中。
优选使用分子量(Mn)为至少5000道尔顿,优选在10000-30000道尔顿之间,且最优选在10000-20000道尔顿之间,且分散性指数大于2的聚硅氧烷。
优选地,所使用的聚硅氧烷具有在10重量%与30重量%之间,优选在15重量%与25重量%之间的硅含量。
优选具有图3的式的聚硅氧烷,其中R1和R2可以是任何类型的线性、环状或支化的烷基或芳基单元,并且其中不强制为R1等于R2。所述聚合物链的端基也可以是烷基(CH3)或烷氧基(OH)或氨基单元(NH2)。R1和R2可以是CH3单元,形成优选的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
优选的聚硅氧烷添加剂(也被称为硅酮树脂)的实例是聚二甲基硅氧烷、胺改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷和环氧改性的聚二甲基硅氧烷。
优选地,所述聚硅氧烷的量在固结纤维层的0.05重量%与1重量%(wt%)之间,优选在0.09重量%与0.5重量%(wt%)之间,更优选在0.09重量%与0.35重量%(wt%)之间。
双组分长丝的芯或在替代的方案中具有较高熔点的第二组短纤维可另外含有聚硅氧烷,优选在0重量%与2重量%之间。
分散性指数在过去也被称为多分散性指数(PDI),度量体积平均直径与数均直径的比率。因此,1.00的分散性指数表明所有颗粒具有相等的尺寸,即是单分散的。优选地,所使用的聚硅氧烷的分散性指数大于2。优选地,采用在2与6之间的分散性指数。最优选在2与3之间。
在第一个实施方案中,所述纤维层由热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维组成,所述热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维由形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的芯的第一聚合物和形成所述双组分长丝或双组分短纤维的外皮的第二聚合物组成,并且其中通过将所述外皮聚合物加热而熔融以在所述长丝之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结。优选地,所述双组分长丝或短纤维的芯和外皮是聚酯基的,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)。
双组分长丝可以被切成短纤维以形成具有短纤维而不是具有无端长丝的纤维层。
优选地,形成双组分长丝或短纤维的芯的热塑性材料的熔融温度高于形成外皮的热塑性材料的熔融温度。优选地,将聚硅氧烷至少加入到外皮中以获得有利的结果。特别是由于外皮在装饰部件的模制期间熔融,从而在长丝或短纤维之间形成粘结点,同时重排外皮材料中的聚硅氧烷。另一方面,根据所使用的芯材料的软化温度,芯优选地根本不熔化并且可能仅轻微软化。令人惊讶地,甚至当使用具有较大软化温度范围的rPET聚酯源时,可观察到对厚度收缩的减小的积极影响。
所述聚硅氧烷添加剂优选在将长丝或纤维熔纺之前加入到外皮聚合物形成材料中。
优选地,所述外皮由聚酯的共聚物制成,优选地聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的共聚物,或二醇(glyco)或酸改性的聚酯。
例如聚酯,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的共聚物与如前所述的聚硅氧烷混合,作为用于熔纺芯-外皮型双组分长丝的外皮材料母料的一部分。
优选地,聚硅氧烷以基于载体材料的小球形式加入以增加溶混性。载体材料的清单可优选包括但不限于聚碳酸酯、聚酯或聚烯烃中的一种。然后,使用如本领域已知的用于生产双组分长丝或短纤维的方法,将所述混合物与芯材料一起进行熔纺并拉制以形成双组分。
优选地,所述固结纤维层进一步包含与含聚硅氧烷的双组分长丝或短纤维混合的附加的单长丝短纤维或长丝。在外皮中至少20%的所述短纤维或长丝是含有聚硅氧烷添加剂的双组分。优选地,至少20%的所述短纤维是单组分,优选至少70%。
优选所有双组分长丝或纤维至少在外皮中含有所述聚硅氧烷。在整个垫中包括根据本发明的添加剂的100%双组分材料的优点是结合点的全部量,产生了可以用作具有高刚度的结构部件的固结模制部件。
在供选择的实施方案中,所述双组分长丝或短纤维可通过混合单组分纤维来代替。第一个实施方案的双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮聚合物可用具有低熔点的第一组单组分短纤维或长丝代替。而双组分短纤维或长丝的芯聚合物可用熔点比第一组高的第二组单组分短纤维或长丝代替。根据本发明的纤维层将包含具有较低熔点的第一组单组分纤维和具有较高熔点的第二组单组分纤维,其中至少具有较低熔点的纤维包含所述聚硅氧烷添加剂。
根据第一个实施方案的聚硅氧烷添加剂的可选的进一步限定的方案可用于第二个供选择的实施方案。
所公开的用于双组分长丝或纤维的外皮聚合物的所有选择对于第一组的单组分纤维也是有效的,所述第一组的单组分纤维具有比第二组更低的熔融温度并在固结期间形成粘合剂聚合物。
所公开的用于双组分长丝或纤维的芯聚合物的所有选择对于第二组的单组分纤维也是有效的,所述第二组的单组分纤维具有比第一组更高的熔融温度并形成由粘合剂粘合的纤维以形成根据本发明的固结纤维层。
第二组短纤维可以至少包含如下的短纤维:聚酯,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,聚烯烃,例如聚丙烯或聚乙烯,天然纤维,如棉、劣质棉或亚麻,或其混合物。
优选地,根据第二个供选择的实施方案的固结纤维层由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)短纤维与粘合剂纤维的组合组成,所述粘合剂纤维由含有根据本发明的添加剂的聚酯的共聚物形成。
根据本发明的实施方案之一的纤维材料可以被模制为单层以形成汽车装饰部件,例如车身下面板、发动机下罩、外轮拱内衬,或内部面板,例如包裹架、车厢顶篷内衬或后备箱覆层和面板。
优选地,可以在所述面板的一侧或两侧上使用附加层,以进一步增强装饰部件的功能性。例如,可以添加下列层中的一个或多个:纱布(scrim)层,可渗透的任选穿孔的箔或膜层,如热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)或聚酯膜层,多孔泡沫层,无孔泡沫层或附加纤维层。作为泡沫,可以使用聚酯泡沫、三聚氰胺泡沫或聚氨酯泡沫,优选开孔泡沫。
在本发明的范围内,可以用由Autoneum Management AG市售的“空气流动阻力测量系统”或CARE+系统测量AFR或空气流动阻力。或者,根据DIN EN 29053或DIN 9053法A测量AFR。空气流动阻力是测量的一个或多个层的声学性能的量度或指示。
优选地,根据本发明的固结模制层在厚度方向上的空气流动阻力(AFR)在100N·s/m3至1500N·s/m3之间。优选地,通过在模制之前附加可渗透或穿孔膜或纱布以至少在部件的一个表面上获得空气流动阻力(AFR),在模制期间将其层压,可以进一步改善空气流动阻力。优选地,选择可渗透或穿孔膜,使得可以实现在1000N·s/m3与5000N·s/m3之间的部件的空气流动阻力。
优选地,所使用的箔或膜至少部分地(in sections)包含穿孔,优选地具有至少150000孔/m2、优选至少200000孔/m2、优选不大于750000孔/m2的穿孔密度。
所述膜的穿孔优选包含孔,其横截面积对应于直径在10μm与1000μm之间的基本上圆柱形的孔。通过应用穿孔膜,可以进一步改善外部装饰部件的声吸收。
优选地,由根据本发明的固结纤维层和穿孔箔层组成的模制装饰部件的AFR在1000N.s/m3与4500N.s/m3之间,更优选在1500N.s/m3与2500N.s/m3之间。
通过使用至少在粘合剂聚合物中包括聚硅氧烷添加剂的固结纤维层,其中粘合剂聚合物为根据本发明的外皮-芯双组分长丝或短纤维中的外皮的形式或单组分粘合剂纤维,所述添加剂可在熔融和粘合组分中获得,并在固结装饰部件的生产期间增强厚度收缩的减小。这导致更好地最终限定所生产的装饰部件的形状并减少获得期望厚度所需的材料。此外,材料收缩的减小确保了更蓬松的最终产品,从而增强了部件的声学性能。
附图说明
图1:图中示出了模制毡的收缩。
具体实施方式
用双组分长丝制备毡,所述双组分长丝具有coPET外皮和PET芯,在外皮中具有不同%的聚硅氧烷。在标准熔纺装置上熔融、成形和拉制长丝之前,将聚硅氧烷加入母料中。用热蒸汽模制在模中形成平的模塑部件,其中在模具的上下模之间具有6、7或8mm的空间。所有层具有相同或相似的约1kg/m的面积重量。
制成的最终模制材料样品具有基于最终纤维材料计的0重量%、0.045重量%、0.09重量%、0.135重量%或0.225重量%的聚硅氧烷。
测量固结模制材料的厚度。图1示出了结果图,作为所获得的厚度的百分比收缩减少相对于作为期望的厚度的两个半模之间的空间。结果表明在增加的聚硅氧烷水平下的厚度收缩的改善。
图2A显示了根据本发明的模制汽车装饰部件的可能布局,其具有由双组分长丝或短纤维制成的固结纤维层(1),其中至少双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮包含根据本发明的聚硅氧烷添加剂。另外,示出了可选的穿孔膜层(2),其由在表面上与固结纤维层层压在一起的穿孔coPET膜层组成。根据声源,箔层优选地位于声源与固结纤维层之间。
图2B示出了一个供选择的实例,其中,附加层例如所示的穿孔膜层(2)夹在根据一种方案的固结纤维层和第二层之间,第二层可以是根据一种方案的附加固结纤维层或另外的纤维层。可夹在2个纤维层之间(其中至少一个是含有根据本发明的聚硅氧烷的固结纤维层)的其它层是开孔或闭孔的泡沫层中的至少一种,优选聚酯泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫或三聚氰胺泡沫。
Claims (15)
1.用于车辆的装饰部件,其至少包含:由热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维组成的纤维层,所述热塑性双组分长丝或短纤维由形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮的第一聚合物和形成所述双组分长丝或短纤维的芯的第二聚合物组成,并且其中通过将外皮聚合物加热而熔融以在所述长丝或短纤维之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结,其特征在于,至少所述双组分长丝或短纤维的外皮包含减缩添加剂,所述减缩添加剂至少为聚硅氧烷,优选聚二甲基硅氧烷。
2.用于车辆的装饰部件,其至少包含纤维层,所述纤维层由具有至少第一组短纤维和第二组短纤维的热塑性短纤维组成,其中第二组短纤维具有高于第一组短纤维的熔融温度的熔融温度,并且其中通过将第一组短纤维加热而熔融以在第二组的短纤维之间形成粘结点来将所述纤维层固结,并且其中至少第一组短纤维包含减缩添加剂,所述减缩添加剂是聚硅氧烷,优选聚二甲基硅氧烷。
3.根据前述权利要求之一所述的装饰部件,其中所述聚硅氧烷的分子量(Mn)为至少5000道尔顿,优选在10000-30000道尔顿之间。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的装饰部件,其中所述聚硅氧烷的硅含量在10重量%与30重量%之间,优选在15重量%与25重量%之间。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的装饰部件,其中所述聚硅氧烷的分散性指数大于2,优选在2与6之间。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的装饰部件,其中所述聚硅氧烷的量在模制固结纤维层的0.05重量%至1重量%(wt%)的范围内,优选在0.09重量%与0.5重量%(wt%)之间,更优选在0.09重量%与0.35重量%(wt%)之间。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其中芯聚合物或第二组短纤维为聚酯,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)或它们相应的酸或二醇改性的共聚物。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其中粘合剂聚合物,其为外皮聚合物或形成第一组短纤维的聚合物,是聚酯的共聚物,优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的共聚物(coPET)或它们相应的酸或二醇改性的共聚物,或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的共聚物,或聚丙烯。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其中所述聚酯是原始来源和/或再循环来源。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其中含有所述减缩添加剂的固结纤维层的面积重量在100g.m-2与1700g.m-2之间,优选在300g.m-2与1500g.m-2之间,优选在500g.m-2与1300g.m-2之间。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其中所述纤维或长丝的直径在5μm至30μm的范围内,最优选在10μm与25μm之间。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其进一步包含透气或穿孔膜,特别是聚酯膜、coPET膜、热塑性聚氨酯膜、双层膜或纱布。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装饰部件,其中模制纤维层和穿孔膜一起的空气流动阻力在100N.s/m3与5000N.s/m3之间。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件,其进一步包含泡沫层,优选开孔或闭孔泡沫,优选聚酯、聚氨酯或三聚氰胺泡沫中的一种。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装饰部件的用途,其作为汽车外部装饰部件,例如车身下部、发动机下部或外轮拱内衬,作为发动机相关装饰部件或作为汽车内部装饰部件,例如封口板、覆层、后备箱装饰部件,或用作内前围或外前围中或地板系统中的声学层。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17169095.1A EP3399086B1 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2017-05-02 | Lofty fibrous trim part |
EP17169095.1 | 2017-05-02 | ||
PCT/EP2018/060523 WO2018202484A1 (en) | 2017-05-02 | 2018-04-25 | Lofty fibrous trim part |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110582599A true CN110582599A (zh) | 2019-12-17 |
Family
ID=58669646
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201880028591.XA Pending CN110582599A (zh) | 2017-05-02 | 2018-04-25 | 蓬松纤维装饰部件 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11396159B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3399086B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110582599A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR111747A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW201902743A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2018202484A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113403755A (zh) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 四川亿耐特新材料有限公司 | 一种用于车辆的无纺布毡装饰部件 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3090870A1 (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-11-09 | Autoneum Management AG | Exterior vehicle trim part |
ES2793388T3 (es) * | 2016-03-17 | 2020-11-13 | Eurofilters Nv | Bolsa filtrante para aspiradora de polvo, a base de materiales sintéticos reciclados |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5225263A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1993-07-06 | Frudenberg Spunweb S.A. Societe Anonyme A. Directoire | Nonwovens of synthetic continuous filaments including at least a part with modified surface properties, process for their manufacture and their applications |
CN1938476A (zh) * | 2004-03-30 | 2007-03-28 | 东丽株式会社 | 片状物和内装饰材料 |
US20070232178A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-04 | Osman Polat | Method for forming a fibrous structure comprising synthetic fibers and hydrophilizing agents |
CN101132953A (zh) * | 2005-02-23 | 2008-02-27 | 开若姆科技株式会社 | 多层结构的机动车车顶内衬用部件 |
CN102753745A (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-24 | 3M创新有限公司 | 尺寸稳定的非织造纤维幅材、熔喷细旦纤维及其制备和使用方法 |
CN102762370A (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-31 | 3M创新有限公司 | 尺寸稳定的非织造纤维幅材及其制造和使用方法 |
CN106457740A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-02-22 | 欧拓管理公司 | 可替换的外部装饰部件 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB941493A (en) * | 1961-01-30 | 1963-11-13 | Ici Ltd | Melt spinning polyester filaments |
US5300167A (en) * | 1992-01-03 | 1994-04-05 | Kimberly-Clark | Method of preparing a nonwoven web having delayed antimicrobial activity |
CA2090793A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-10 | Ronald Sinclair Nohr | Nonwoven webs having improved tensile strength characteristics |
DE4343235C1 (de) * | 1993-12-17 | 1994-12-22 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Verwendung von organofunktionell modifizierten Polysiloxanen zum Entschäumen von Dieselkraftstoff |
US5753166A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-05-19 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process of making a non-circular cross-sectional fiber |
FR2862986B1 (fr) * | 2003-11-27 | 2006-05-12 | Rieter Perfojet | Machine de production de non-tisse, son procede de reglage et non-tisse obtenu |
US7837009B2 (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2010-11-23 | Buckeye Technologies Inc. | Nonwoven material for acoustic insulation, and process for manufacture |
EP2939828A1 (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2015-11-04 | Autoneum Management AG | Exterior trim part |
-
2017
- 2017-05-02 EP EP17169095.1A patent/EP3399086B1/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-04-13 TW TW107112830A patent/TW201902743A/zh unknown
- 2018-04-25 CN CN201880028591.XA patent/CN110582599A/zh active Pending
- 2018-04-25 US US16/609,192 patent/US11396159B2/en active Active
- 2018-04-25 WO PCT/EP2018/060523 patent/WO2018202484A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-05-02 AR ARP180101144A patent/AR111747A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5225263A (en) * | 1990-02-08 | 1993-07-06 | Frudenberg Spunweb S.A. Societe Anonyme A. Directoire | Nonwovens of synthetic continuous filaments including at least a part with modified surface properties, process for their manufacture and their applications |
CN1938476A (zh) * | 2004-03-30 | 2007-03-28 | 东丽株式会社 | 片状物和内装饰材料 |
CN101132953A (zh) * | 2005-02-23 | 2008-02-27 | 开若姆科技株式会社 | 多层结构的机动车车顶内衬用部件 |
US20070232178A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-04 | Osman Polat | Method for forming a fibrous structure comprising synthetic fibers and hydrophilizing agents |
CN102753745A (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-24 | 3M创新有限公司 | 尺寸稳定的非织造纤维幅材、熔喷细旦纤维及其制备和使用方法 |
CN102762370A (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-10-31 | 3M创新有限公司 | 尺寸稳定的非织造纤维幅材及其制造和使用方法 |
CN106457740A (zh) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-02-22 | 欧拓管理公司 | 可替换的外部装饰部件 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113403755A (zh) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 四川亿耐特新材料有限公司 | 一种用于车辆的无纺布毡装饰部件 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201902743A (zh) | 2019-01-16 |
EP3399086B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
WO2018202484A1 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
AR111747A1 (es) | 2019-08-14 |
EP3399086A1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
US11396159B2 (en) | 2022-07-26 |
US20200139667A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107675354B (zh) | 静电纺-熔喷-干法成网制备三组分吸音棉的方法及装置 | |
US10427624B2 (en) | Fibrous automotive cladding | |
CN110582599A (zh) | 蓬松纤维装饰部件 | |
JP6938516B2 (ja) | ノイズ減衰のための高熱硬化性フェルト | |
CN108350635B (zh) | 用于车辆的轮拱衬里 | |
JP2020536766A (ja) | 自動車用トリム部品のための低粘度ノイズ減衰材料 | |
KR20160148572A (ko) | 대안적인 외부 트림부 | |
KR102351767B1 (ko) | 자동차 장비재용 반제품의 제조 방법 | |
CN107984818A (zh) | 车辆底罩及其制造方法 | |
KR101849372B1 (ko) | 높은 열 안정성을 지니는 패브릭 시트 | |
JP2018009256A (ja) | 自動車装備材用半製品の製造方法 | |
JP3284729B2 (ja) | 自動車用遮音材及びその製造方法 | |
JPH08323903A (ja) | 自動車用内装材およびその製造方法 | |
JP2007038854A (ja) | 自動車用内装材およびその製造方法 | |
KR101205092B1 (ko) | 차량용 휠가드의 제조방법 | |
US11254089B2 (en) | Lightweight inner dash | |
JPH05272041A (ja) | 二層フェルトおよびその製造方法 | |
KR101194432B1 (ko) | 니들 펀칭된 부직포 벨루어 및 그의 용도 | |
KR20200088085A (ko) | 원스톱 성형공정을 적용한 자동차 트렁크 모듈 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20191217 |
|
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |