CN110565389B - 一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法 - Google Patents

一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法 Download PDF

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CN110565389B
CN110565389B CN201910836014.XA CN201910836014A CN110565389B CN 110565389 B CN110565389 B CN 110565389B CN 201910836014 A CN201910836014 A CN 201910836014A CN 110565389 B CN110565389 B CN 110565389B
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孙辉永
王小卓
温会涛
梁永贤
柯俊雄
但卫华
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Hongxing Automobile Leather Fujian Development Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及皮革涂饰技术领域，提供一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，包括如下步骤：坯革预处理涂饰→底涂→熨平→振荡拉软→压花→静置→摔软→绷板→中涂→熨平→顶涂→熨平→静置→摔软→振荡拉软→熨平；所述坯革预处理涂饰工序中的涂饰剂主体材料是芳香族聚氨酯共聚物；所述底涂的涂饰剂主体材料为含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物、聚丙烯酸酯共聚物，所述中涂的涂饰剂主体材料与所述底涂的涂饰剂主体材料相同；所述顶涂的涂饰剂主体材料是聚氨酯共聚物；本发明根据皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的特定要求，选择涂饰材料，合理搭配设计涂饰工艺，有效解决皮革涂层耐水洗性差、耐寒曲折性差的弊端。

Description

一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革涂饰技术领域，特别涉及一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法。
背景技术
皮革涂饰工艺体系包括底涂、中涂、顶涂各涂层组分及其涂饰操作方法，如喷涂、刷涂等，通过在坯革表面形成一层保护性薄膜，改善外观、扩大使用范围，提高使用价值。随着消费水平提高、消费观念改变，消费者对皮革及其制品(皮鞋、皮包等)的要求不仅仅局限于穿用舒适、美观大方，高物性、功能性皮革及其制品越来越受到消费者亲睐，其中涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折是高物性皮革的研究方向之一。
皮革涂层耐水洗要求涂层在多次水洗后仍具有较强的牢度，适当的延伸率，柔和的光泽，柔软的手感和平整细致的粒面；涂层耐寒曲折要求涂层具有抵卸寒冷气候(如零下20℃)的能力，皮鞋或皮包在寒冷条件下穿用时，不出现裂纹，无损坏。由于受到皮革化学品性能的限制，传统皮革涂饰技术形成的涂层很难同时具有良好的耐水洗性和耐寒曲折性，涂层遇水会膨胀，导致光泽暗淡，手感粗糙，而且在寒冷环境下反复曲折涂层会出现裂痕，甚至脱落，严重影响皮革及其制品的使用价值。
发明内容
因此，针对上述的问题，本发明提出一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，本发明根据皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的特定要求，选择涂饰材料，合理搭配设计涂饰工艺，有效解决皮革涂层耐水洗性差、耐寒曲折性差的弊端。
为实现上述技术问题，本发明采取的解决方案为：一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，包括如下步骤：坯革预处理涂饰→底涂→熨平→振荡拉软→压花→静置→摔软→绷板→中涂→熨平→顶涂→熨平→静置→摔软→振荡拉软→熨平；
所述坯革预处理涂饰工序中的涂饰剂主体材料是芳香族聚氨酯共聚物；
所述底涂的涂饰剂主体材料为含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物、聚丙烯酸酯共聚物，所述中涂的涂饰剂主体材料与所述底涂的涂饰剂主体材料相同；
所述顶涂的涂饰剂主体材料是聚氨酯共聚物。
进一步的，所述坯革预处理涂饰中的涂饰剂组分包括芳香族聚氨酯共聚物100-150份、水100-150份。
进一步的，所述底涂的涂饰剂组分包括含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物200-250份，聚丙烯酸酯共聚物300-350份，柔软剂100-120份，增塑剂20-50份，颜料膏120-150份、水300-450份。
进一步的，所述顶涂的涂饰剂组分包括水100-150份、聚氨酯共聚物100-125份、流平剂10-15份、交联剂4-7份。
进一步的，所述坯革预处理涂饰采用喷涂方法，其涂覆量为4～6g/sf。
进一步的，所述底涂采用喷涂与刷涂相结合的涂饰方法，所述中涂的涂饰方法与所述底涂的涂饰方法相同，且涂覆量均为10-15g/sf。
进一步的，所述顶涂采用喷涂的涂饰方法，涂覆量为6-10g/sf。
进一步的，所述熨平的条件为100-130℃/5-30kgf，所述振荡拉软强度为5或6级，所述压花的条件为90-100℃/120-150kgf/2-5秒，所述静置的时间为4-8h，所述摔软的时间为2-8h；所述绷板的条件为40-45℃/3-5cm/15-20min。
通过采用前述技术方案，本发明的一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法与现有技术相比，具有如下优势：
1、本申请的坯革预处理涂饰是在坯革表面涂覆以芳香族聚氨酯共聚物为主体材料的接着层，芳香族聚氨酯共聚物具有软硬段交错结构，极性强，成膜薄、软、黏，可提高底涂层与坯革间的粘着牢度。
2、本申请的底涂和中涂涂饰剂主体材料相同，均采用含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物、聚丙烯酸酯共聚物，可以有效提高中涂层与顶涂层间的粘着牢度，当涂饰剂涂覆于坯革表面，随着干燥过程水分的汽化，共聚物彼此之间相互接近，使分子链侧链上的活性基团发生交联，形成轻度立体网状结构，改善涂层综合性能；同时添加少量的增塑剂和柔软剂，提高涂层受到外界作用时的应变能力。
3、本申请的顶涂涂饰剂以聚氨酯共聚物为主体材料，同时添加少量的流平剂和交联剂，其中流平剂可降低涂饰液表面张力，改善分散均匀性，提高渗透性、接着性，提高顶涂层与中涂层的粘着牢度；交联剂可封闭亲水基团，加强涂饰剂固定，提高涂层交联度。
4、本申请形成的皮革涂层由预处理层、底涂层、中涂层、顶涂层4部分自下而上依次叠加而成，通过加强涂层与坯革、涂层与涂层之间的贴合牢度，使得涂层能够适应坯革形变，同时顶涂涂饰剂采用的聚氨酯共聚物成膜硬，强度高，可保护底、中涂涂层不受破坏，从而使得赋予涂层良好的耐水洗性、耐寒曲折性。
5、现有技术中的皮革涂层大多只具有疏水性，而本申请的皮革涂层具有耐水洗的功能，耐水洗要求涂层遇水不膨胀，且在多次水洗后仍具有较强的贴合牢度、适当的延伸率、柔和的光泽，相比于现有技术中的疏水性，本申请皮革涂层的耐水洗性能技术要求更高。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式，借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题，并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。若未特别指明，实施例中所采用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段，所采用的试剂和产品也均为可商业获得的。未详细描述的各种过程和方法是本领域中公知的常规方法。
以下提供本发明的一些具体实施例，以助于进一步理解本发明，但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于这些实施例。
实施例1
一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、预处理涂饰剂配制
水150份，芳香族聚氨酯共聚物Melio PromulAP-39.A(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)100份。
步骤二、底涂、中涂涂饰剂配制
水450份，聚氨酯共聚物RU-3901(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)100份，聚氨酯共聚物RU-3904(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)150份，聚丙烯酸酯共聚物RA-2(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)100份，聚丙烯酸酯共聚物CA-70(泓润贸易有限公司)100份，聚丙烯酸酯共聚物PRIMAIL SB-300(朗盛化工有限公司)100份，柔软剂Euderm Nappa Soft S-C(朗盛化工有限公司)100份，增塑剂SFT HG(阿帕化工)30份，颜料膏PPE DEEP BLACKA-ID(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)120份。
步骤三、顶涂涂饰剂配制
水120份，聚氨酯共聚物AQUALEN TOP LN.A(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)70份，聚氨酯共聚物EX-WT-43-985(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)30份，流平剂LA-1688(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)15份，交联剂AQUALENAKU(斯塔尔精细涂料有限公司)5份。
步骤四、操作流程
坯革预处理涂饰(涂覆量4g/sf)→底涂(涂覆量15g/sf)→熨平(130℃/30kgf)→振荡拉软(5级)→压花(90℃/150kgf/3秒)→静置(8h)→摔软(12h)→绷板(45℃/5cm/20min)→中涂(涂覆量10g/sf)→熨平(100℃/10kgf)→顶涂(涂覆量8g/sf)→熨平(120℃/30kgf)→静置(4h)→摔软(2h)→振荡拉软(6级)→熨平(130℃/5kgf)。
步骤五、检测方法
(1)耐水洗性
采用家庭式普通洗衣机，裁取长60mm×宽60mm的皮革样品2块，洗涤45-60min，自然晾干，观察涂层变化情况。
(2)耐寒曲折性
采用耐寒曲折试验机(高铁检测仪器有限公司)，裁取长70mm×宽45mm的皮革样品，测试温度：0℃、-5℃、-10℃、-15℃、-20℃，曲折次数：5000次、10000次、15000次、20000次、50000次，观察涂层变化情况。判定方法如表1所示。
表1涂层耐水洗耐寒曲折判定
等级 涂层外观 评价
1级 表面破损严重或脱落严重 极差
2级 表面微破损或微有脱落现象 差
3级 表面无破损，但是表面变粗糙 良
4级 表面完全无损 优
步骤六、检测结果
采用本技术获得的皮革涂层具有优异的耐水洗性能，洗涤、干燥后涂层无裂痕，且光泽度、手感舒适度不会受到影响，同时涂层耐寒曲折性能可达到-20℃、50000次涂层无裂痕，涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折性能均可达到4级。
以上所记载，仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例，任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化，皆属本创作主张的专利范围，而不限于实施例所揭示者。

Claims (5)

1.一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：坯革预处理涂饰→底涂→熨平→振荡拉软→压花→静置→摔软→绷板→中涂→熨平→顶涂→熨平→静置→摔软→振荡拉软→熨平；
所述坯革预处理涂饰中的涂饰剂组分包括芳香族聚氨酯共聚物100-150份、水100-150份;
所述底涂的涂饰剂组分包括含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物200-250份，聚丙烯酸酯共聚物300-350份，柔软剂100-120份，增塑剂20-50份，颜料膏120-150份、水300-450份；所述中涂的涂饰剂组分与所述底涂的涂饰剂组分相同；
所述顶涂的涂饰剂组分包括水100-150份、聚氨酯共聚物100-125份、流平剂10-15份、交联剂4-7份;
所述含有活性基团的聚氨酯共聚物为聚氨酯共聚物RU-3901和聚氨酯共聚物RU-3904；
所述聚丙烯酸酯共聚物为聚丙烯酸酯共聚物RA-2、聚丙烯酸酯共聚物CA-70和聚丙烯酸酯共聚物PRIMAIL SB-300。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，其特征在于，所述坯革预处理涂饰采用喷涂方法，其涂覆量为4～6g/sf。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，其特征在于，所述底涂采用喷涂与刷涂相结合的涂饰方法，所述中涂的涂饰方法与所述底涂的涂饰方法相同，且涂覆量均为10-15g/sf。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，其特征在于，所述顶涂采用喷涂的涂饰方法，涂覆量为6-10g/sf。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高皮革涂层耐水洗、耐寒曲折的涂饰方法，其特征在于，所述熨平的条件为100-130℃/5-30kgf，所述振荡拉软强度为5或6级，所述压花的条件为90-100℃/120-150kgf/2-5秒，所述静置的时间为4-8h，所述摔软的时间为2-8h；所述绷板的条件为40-45℃/3-5cm/15-20min。
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