CN110563531B - 一种1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110563531B CN110563531B CN201910797757.0A CN201910797757A CN110563531B CN 110563531 B CN110563531 B CN 110563531B CN 201910797757 A CN201910797757 A CN 201910797757A CN 110563531 B CN110563531 B CN 110563531B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B61/00—Other general methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/86—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/12—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by reactions not involving the formation of carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/333—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C67/343—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/127—Preparation from compounds containing pyridine rings
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种1,2‑二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法,所述方法为:将光敏剂、式I所示炔烃加入Schlenk反应管,将式II所示叔胺溶解于有机溶剂中得到混合液,保护气体下,将所述的混合液加入到上述反应管,将添加剂水加入到上述反应管,在光源下,25℃反应12~36小时,得到反应液经后处理得到式III所示的1,2‑二取代烯烃类化合物;本发明所述的方法可以合成现存的方法难以制备的多取代烯烃,反应的立体选择性高;催化剂价廉易得,毒性较低;反应条件较温和,节约能源消耗;产率高,底物普适性强,操作简便等优点。
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种有机化合物的合成方法,具体地说涉及一种1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法。
(二)背景技术
烯烃是最重要也是最基础的有机化合物之一。许多生物活性分子以碳碳双键为核心骨架,如β-胡萝卜素,多烯抗真菌类药物,多不饱和脂肪酸,信息素等。烯烃也被广泛的应用于材料领域。此外,烯烃是有机合成中最常用的中间体,能发生聚合,烯烃复分解,环氧化,氢甲酰化,氢胺化等一系列反应。[3]因此,研究开发烯烃类化合物的相关合成技术具有广阔应用前景。虽然自上世纪以来,国内外化学家已经发展了多种高效通用地合成烯烃的方法,经典的有 witting反应,Peterson反应,Takai烯基化反应,烯烃复分解反应,以及交叉偶联反应等。但是以上方法仍然存在原子经济性不高、所需烯基化试剂太活泼或毒性较大、需要使用过量的碱、并不适用于大位阻的底物、需要昂贵的金属催化剂等缺陷(参见Chem.Rev.2013,113,1313.)。
选择性地对廉价易得的炔烃进行官能化仍是合成复杂烯烃最常见,也是最有效的方法之一。近年来随着光致氧化还原反应的迅速发展,光催化的不饱和键烷基化反应成为研究热点,但与烯烃的烷基化相比,光催化炔烃的烷基化合成多取代烯烃的方法因立体选择性的原因仍然有限(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc.2017, 139,13579)。目前已开发的烷基化试剂有:烷基卤试剂,羧酸及其衍生物,烷基硼试剂,烷基硅试剂,Katritzky盐,醚类或者是叔胺。尽管这些烷基化试剂有一些优点,但也存在毒性,复杂的制备方法,低原子经济性或底物普适性不高等缺点。从绿色化学的角度上来说,叔胺具有廉价易得、无毒、环境友好等优点。尤其是三乙胺,由乙醇、氨和氢气三组分反应制得,是最基础的化工原料。因此,开发研究以叔胺作为不饱和键的烷基化试剂具有重要的学术价值和广阔的应用前景。目前,叔胺可以作为电子供体,用于光解水制氢领域。更重要的是叔胺也可以经历单电子氧化过程,形成α-胺基自由基,对不饱和键进行加成。[9]该α-胺基自由基还可以进一步被氧化成亚胺正离子,被亲核试剂捕获。[10]然而上述两种反应模式都是以叔胺作为胺烷基的来源,因为叔胺C-N键的解离能非常高,由叔胺经历C-N键断裂,直接作为烷基来源尚未报道。而且在上述提及的炔烃的官能化反应中,得到产物的双键都保留在原本三键所在的位置,在官能化的过程中,同时实现双键的迁移是十分罕见的。
鉴于上述存在的背景,开发一种原料简单易得、以廉价易得的铜基光敏剂作为催化剂、以叔胺为烷基化试剂、实现产物双键迁移、操作简单、立体选择性高、反应温和的合成路线来合成1,2-二取代烯烃化合物是十分有必要的。
(三)发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足,本发明旨在提供一种以叔胺作为炔烃的烷基化试剂来制备1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的方法。
一种1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的方法具体按如下步骤进行:
将光敏剂、式I所示炔烃加入Schlenk反应管中,抽真空换保护气体三次,再将式II所示叔胺溶解于有机溶剂中得到混合液,在保护气体条件下,将所述的混合液加入到上述反应管中,将添加剂水加入到上述反应管中,在光源照射下,于25℃搅拌反应12~36小时(优选为18小时),得到反应液经后处理得到式III所示的1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物;所述的光敏剂、式I所示的炔烃物质的量之比为0.025-0.1:1(优选为0.05:1);
所述光敏剂为下列结构之一:
式I、式II或式III中:
R2为H或Ph;
R3为Et、n-Pr、n-Bu、n-pentyl中的一种;
R4为Et、n-Pr、n-Bu、n-pentyl中的一种;
R5为Et、n-Pr、n-Bu、n-pentyl中的一种。
进一步,本发明式II所示的叔胺优选为下列结构之一:
进一步,本发明式II所示的叔胺的用量以所述式I所示炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为0.75mL/mmol-14mL/mmol,作为优选为6mL/mmol。
进一步,本发明所述的有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、 1,4-二氧六环或甲苯中的一种。
再进一步,本发明所述有机溶剂优选为乙腈。
进一步,本发明所述有机溶剂的加入总量以所述的式I所示的炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为8mL/1mmol。
进一步,本发明所述添加剂水的用量以所述的式I所示的炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为0.25mL/mol-1mL/1mmol,作为优选为1mL/1mmol。
进一步,所述的保护气体为氮气或氩气中的一种。
进一步,所述光源为15W蓝光LED、60W CFL、45W CFL、20W白光LED 中的一种。
进一步,所述光源优选为60W CFL。
进一步,本发明所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到所述的式III所示的1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物。
本发明使用的原料炔烃,本领域技术人员可以根据现有文献公开的方法自行制备。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明所述的方法可以合成现存的方法难以制备的多取代烯烃,反应的立体选择性高;催化剂价廉易得,毒性较低;反应条件较温和,节约能源消耗;产率高,底物普适性强,操作简便等优点。
(四)具体实施方法
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不限于此:
本发明所述原料炔烃由Sonogashira偶联得到,以4-苯基苯乙炔为例,典型步骤如下:
将Pd(PPh3)2Cl2(0.04mmol,18mg),CuI(0.08mmol,15.2mg),4-碘联苯(2 mmol,560mg)加入到Schlenk反应管中。在氮气保护下,将三乙胺(6mmol,833 uL),新蒸馏得到的乙腈(4mL),三甲基乙炔基硅(2.4mmol)加入到反应管中,反应液在室温下搅拌24小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为白色固体,产率86%。
实施例1
将光敏剂PS1(0.01mmol,11.5mg),4-苯基苯乙炔(0.2mmol,35.6mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率25%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.55(d,J=8.0 Hz,2H),7.46(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.36(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.29(d,J=8.0Hz,2H), 5.69–5.56(m,2H),3.39(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.74(d,J=6.0Hz,3H);13C NMR (125MHz,CDCl3)δ141.2,140.2,138.9,129.9,128.9,128.7,127.2,127.04,127.03, 126.6,38.7,17.9.
实施例2
将光敏剂PS3(0.01mmol,12.0mg),4-溴苯乙炔(0.2mmol,36.2mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率46%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.08(d,J=8.5 Hz,2H),5.61–5.50(m,2H),3.29(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),1.72(d,J=5.0Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ140.0,131.4,130.3,129.4,126.9,119.6,39.4,17.9.
实施例3
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),4-氯苯乙炔(0.2mmol,27.2mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率50%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.13(d,J=8.5 Hz,2H),5.61–5.50(m,2H),3.31(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),1.73–1.71(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ139.5,131.6,129.8,129.5,128.4,126.9,38.3,17.9.
实施例4
将光敏剂PS6(0.01mmol,10.5mg),4-三氟甲基苯乙炔(0.2mmol,34.0mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率45%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.56(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.31(d,J=7.5 Hz,2H),5.63–5.54(m,2H),3.39(d,J=5.0Hz,2H),1.73–1.72(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ145.2,129.0,128.8,128.3(q,2JC-F=50.0Hz),127.4, 125.3(q,3JC-F=3.8Hz),124.4(q,1JC-F=270.0Hz),38.8,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将1-(2-丁烯-1-基)-4-三氟甲基苯(0.3mmol,60mg)溶解于 CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率78%。
实施例5
将光敏剂PS7(0.01mmol,9.6mg),4-丙基苯乙炔(0.2mmol,28.8mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率48%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.14(s,4H),5.67–5.52(m,2H),3.33(d, J=6.5Hz,2H),2.60(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.73(dd,J1=6.5Hz,J2=1.0Hz,3H),1.67 (q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.99(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ140.2, 138.3,130.3,128.5,128.3,126.1,38.7,37.7,24.7,17.9,13.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将1-(2-丁烯-1-基)-4-丙基苯(0.3mmol,52.3mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3 mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率83%。
实施例6
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),4-戊氧基苯乙炔(0.2mmol,37.6mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/ 水=1.6/1.2/0.1mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率33%,产物的E/Z=7/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=8.5 Hz,2H),5.63–5.50(m,2H),3.96(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),3.28(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.83 –1.78(m,2H),1.71(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=1.0Hz,3H),1.50–1.38(m,4H),0.96(t, J=7.0Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ157.5,133.0,130.6,129.3,125.9, 114.5,68.1,38.2,29.1,28.3,22.5,17.9,14.0.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将1-(2-丁烯-1-基)-4-戊氧基苯(0.3mmol,65.5mg)溶解于 CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率74%。
实施例7
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),N-(4-乙炔苯基)苯甲酰胺(0.2mmol, 44.2mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.05mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18 小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为白色固体,产率21%,产物的E/Z=7/1。表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.02(br,1H),7.87–7.85(m,2H),7.57(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.55–7.52(m,1H),7.46(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.17(d,J=8.5Hz, 2H),5.63–5.50(m,2H),3.32(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.72(dd,J1=6.5Hz,J2=1.5Hz, 3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ165.7,137.4,135.8,135.1,131.7,130.0,129.0, 128.7,127.0,126.4,120.4,38.5,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将N-[4-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯基]-苯甲酰胺(0.3mmol,75.4mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=5/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率64%。
实施例8
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),3-溴苯乙炔(0.2mmol,36.2mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/0.6/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率45%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.36–7.34(m,2H),7.18(t,J=7.5Hz, 1H),7.13(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),5.61–5.52(m,2H),3.31(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),1.74–1.73(m,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ143.4,131.5,129.9,129.1,129.0, 127.2,127.1,122.4,38.6,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将1-溴-3-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯(0.3mmol,63.3mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3 mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率83%。
实施例9
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-溴苯乙炔(0.2mmol,36.2mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/0.3/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率42%,产物的E/Z=13/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.57–7.55(m,1H),7.29–7.24(m,2H), 7.10–7.07(m,1H),5.65–5.52(m,2H),3.47(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),1.72(dd,J1=6.0 Hz,J2=1.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ140.4,132.7,130.3,128.1, 127.6,127.4,127.3,124.5,39.1,18.0.
实施例10
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-腈基苯乙炔(0.2mmol,25.4mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/0.15/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率31%,产物的E/Z=11/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.62(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.53(td,J1=7.8 Hz,J2=1.0Hz,1H),7.34(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.30(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),5.62–5.54 (m,2H),3.55(d,J=4.5Hz,2H),1.71(d,J=4.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz, CDCl3)δ144.9,132.78,132.76,129.6,128.2,127.5,126.5,118.0,112.3,37.5,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将2-(2-丁烯-1-基)-苯腈(0.3mmol,47.1mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3mL) 中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱, TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率75%。
实施例11
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-乙炔基苯甲酸酯(0.2mmol,32.0mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入三乙胺/水=2.8/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=20/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率10%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.87(dd,J1=8.0Hz,J2=1.5Hz,1H), 7.45(td,J1=7.8Hz,J2=1.5Hz,1H),7.32–7.24(m,2H),5.67–5.48(m,2H),3.91 (s,3H),3.69(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.68(dd,J1=6.5Hz,J2=1.5Hz,3H);13C NMR (125MHz,CDCl3)δ168.2,142.5,131.9,130.7,130.4,129.8,129.6,126.3,125.9, 51.9,37.2,17.9.
实施例12
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-乙炔基联苯(0.2mmol,35.6mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入四氢呋喃/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率60%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.47–7.42(m,2H),7.40–7.34(m,5H), 7.31–7.27(m,2H),5.57–5.51(m,1H),5.41–5.33(m,1H),3.32–3.30(m,2H), 1.69–1.67(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ141.83,141.76,138.3,130.3, 130.0,129.6,129.3,128.0,127.4,126.8,126.2,125.9,36.3,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将2-(2-丁烯-1-基)-1,1’-联苯(0.3mmol,62.5mg)溶解于CH2Cl2 (3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率81%。
实施例13
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-乙炔基萘(0.2mmol,30.4mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入1,4-二氧六环/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率57%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85–7.80(m,3H),7.66(s,1H),7.50– 7.44(m,2H),7.37(dd,J1=8.0Hz,J2=1.5Hz,1H),5.75–5.69(m,1H),5.65– 5.58(m,1H),3.52(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.76(d,J1=6.5Hz,J2=1.0Hz,3H).13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ138.6,133.7,132.1,129.9,127.9,127.6,127.48,127.45, 126.7,126.4,125.9,125.2,39.2,18.0.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将2-(2-丁烯-1-基)-萘(0.3mmol,54.7mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3mL) 中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率85%。
实施例14
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),1-乙炔基萘(0.2mmol,30.4mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入甲苯/三乙胺/水= 1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率13%,产物的E/Z=8/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.12(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.79(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.59–7.53(m,2H),7.48(t,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.41 (d,J=7.0Hz,1H),5.84–5.73(m,1H),5.65–5.58(m,1H),3.85(d,J=6.0Hz, 2H),1.75(dd,J1=6.5Hz,J2=1.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ137.1, 133.9,132.0,129.5,128.7,126.8,126.7,126.0,125.7,125.6,125.5,124.1,36.1, 18.0.
实施例15
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-(4-乙炔苯基)噻吩(0.2mmol,36.8mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于15W蓝光LED照射下搅拌18 小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱, TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率67%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.60(m,2H),7.32(dd,J1=3.5Hz,J2= 1.0Hz,1H),7.29(dd,J1=5.0Hz,J2=1.0Hz,1H),7.24(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.11 (dd,J1=5.0Hz,J2=3.5Hz,1H),5.68–5.57(m,2H),3.38(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.77 –1.75(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ144.5,140.5,132.2,129.8,129.0, 127.9,126.6,126.0,124.4,122.7,38.7,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将2-[4-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯基]-噻吩(0.3mmol,64.3mg)溶解于 CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率70%。
实施例16
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),2-(4-乙炔苯基)呋喃(0.2mmol,33.6mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于45W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率58%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.64(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),7.48(d,J=1.5 Hz,1H),7.23(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),6.64(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.49(dd,J1=3.5Hz,J2=2.0Hz,1H),5.67–5.53(m,2H),3.36(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),1.74(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=1.0Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ154.2,141.8,140.3,129.8,128.80, 128.76,126.6,123.9,111.6,104.4,38.8,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将2-[4-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯基]-呋喃(0.3mmol,59.4mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率62%。
实施例17
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),4-(4-乙炔苯基)吡啶(0.2mmol,35.8mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌12小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率65%,产物的E/Z=5/1。表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=8.0 Hz,2H),7.51(dd,J1=4.5Hz,J2=1.5Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),5.66–5.55 (m,2H),3.39(d,J=5.5Hz,2H),1.73–1.72(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3) δ150.2,148.2,142.4,135.7,129.5,129.3,126.97,126.93,121.5,38.7,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将4-[4-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯基]-吡啶(0.3mmol,62.8mg)溶解于 CH2Cl2(3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol, 103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率68%。
实施例18
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),5-乙炔基苯并噻吩(0.2mmol,31.6mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌24小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂。得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率70%,产物的E/Z=9/1
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.85(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.69(d,J=1.0 Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=6.0Hz,1H),7.34(dd,J1=5.5Hz,J2=0.5Hz,1H),7.25(dd,J1=8.5Hz,J2=1.5Hz,1H),5.75–5.69(m,1H),5.65–5.59(m,1H),3.51(d,J=6.5 Hz,2H),1.79–1.77(m,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ140.0,137.4,137.2, 130.3,126.42,126.36,125.4,123.6,123.0,122.2,38.9,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将5-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯并噻吩(0.3mmol,56.5mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3 mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率76%。
实施例19
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),3-乙炔基苯并噻吩(0.2mmol,31.6mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三乙胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC 跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率24%,产物的E/Z=7/1
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.88(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=7.5 Hz,1H),7.41–7.34(m,2H),7.12(s,1H),5.75–5.69(m,1H),5.68–5.60(m,1H), 3.55(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=1.0Hz,2H),1.73(dd,J1=6.0Hz,J2=1.0Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ140.6,138.9,135.6,128.1,127.2,124.2,123.8,122.9, 121.9,121.7,31.9,17.9.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将3-(2-丁烯-1-基)苯并噻吩(0.3mmol,56.5mg)溶解于CH2Cl2(3 mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率54%。
实施例20
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),4-乙炔基联苯(0.2mmol,31.6mg)加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三正丙胺/ 水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率63%,产物的E/Z=10/1
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.65(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=8.1 Hz,2H),7.49(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.39(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.33(d,J=8.0Hz,2H), 5.71-5.63(m,2H),3.44(d,J=3.1Hz,2H),2.16-2.11(m,2H),1.08(t,J=7.5Hz, 3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ141.2,140.3,138.9,133.8,128.9,128.7,127.7, 127.1,127.03,127.02,38.7,25.6,13.8.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将4-(2-戊烯-1-基)-1,1’-联苯(0.3mmol,66.7mg)溶解于CH2Cl2 (3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率79%。
实施例21
将光敏剂PS5(0.01mmol,10.5mg),5-乙炔基苯并噻吩(0.2mmol,31.6mg) 加入到干燥的Schlenk反应管中,充换氮气三次,在氮气保护下加入乙腈/三正丁胺/水=1.6/1.2/0.2mL混合溶液,将反应管置于60W CFL照射下搅拌18小时。反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱, TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品。该物质为无色液体,产率59%,产物的E/Z=10/1。
表征数据:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ7.61-7.59(m,2H),7.54(d,J=8.2Hz, 2H),7.44(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.36-7.33(m,1H),7.28(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),5.65-5.54 (m,2H),3.39(d,J=6.1Hz,2H),2.04(dd,J1=14.0Hz,J2=7.1Hz,2H),1.43(m, 2H),0.93(t,J=7.4Hz,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ141.2,140.3,138.9, 132.1,128.9,128.8,128.7,127.1,127.04,127.02,38.7,34.7,22.6,13.7.
上述所得烯烃可经过环氧化反应得到环氧化合物(参见J.Am.Chem.Soc. 2013,135,10930.)
在0℃下,将4-(2-己烯-1-基)-1,1’-联苯(0.3mmol,70.9mg)溶解于CH2Cl2 (3mL)中,向其中缓慢加入间氯过氧苯甲酸(75%纯度,0.45mmol,103.5mg),继续在0℃下搅拌反应至TLC检测烯烃反应完全。反应结束后,加入NaHSO3水溶液淬灭过量的间氯过氧苯甲酸,过滤,用NaHCO3水溶液洗涤有机相,洗涤结束后向所得有机相中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚/乙酸乙酯=100/1作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到产物纯品,产率81%。
Claims (10)
1.一种1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于:所述的方法具体按如下步骤进行:
将光敏剂、式I所示炔烃加入Schlenk反应管中,抽真空换保护气体三次,再将式II所示叔胺溶解于有机溶剂中得到混合液,在保护气体条件下,将所述的混合液加入到上述反应管中,将添加剂水加入到上述反应管中,在光源照射下,于25℃搅拌反应12~36小时,得到反应液经后处理得到式III所示的1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物;所述的光敏剂、式I所示炔烃物质的量之比为0.025-0.1:1;
所述光敏剂为下列结构之一:
式I、式II或式III中:
R2为H;
R3为甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基中的一种;
R4为乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基中的一种;
R5为乙基、正丙基、正丁基、正戊基中的一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述的式II所示的叔胺的用量以所述式I所示炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为0.75mL/mmol-14mL/mmol。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为四氢呋喃、乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、1,4-二氧六环或甲苯中的一种。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂的加入总量以所述的式I所示的炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为8mL/1mmol。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述添加剂水的用量以所述的式I所示的炔烃类化合物的物质的量计为0.25mL/mol-1mL/1mmol。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述的保护气体为氮气或氩气中的一种。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述光源为15W蓝光LED、60W CFL、45W CFL、20W白光LED中的一种。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,向所得反应液中加入100-200目的柱层析硅胶并减压蒸馏除去溶剂,将所得粗产品进行硅胶柱层析分离,并以石油醚作为洗脱剂进行洗脱,TLC跟踪洗脱进程,收集含有目标产物的洗脱液,合并所述的洗脱液蒸除溶剂得到所述的式III所示的1,2-二取代烯烃类化合物。
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