CN110547154A - Cultivation method and device for special-shaped melons - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a cultivation method and a cultivation device for special-shaped watermelons, which comprise a shell, wherein a watermelon mold is arranged on an inner layer of the shell, a support frame is fixedly arranged between the outer side surface of the watermelon mold and the inner side surface of the support frame, a seaweed cotton filling part is arranged between the shell and the watermelon mold, when watermelons grow too much, six shaping plates can be opened, the watermelons can continue to grow according to the elasticity of a rubber connecting sheet, the watermelons can be shaped according to the shape of the rubber connecting sheet, and can grow according to the attribute of a watermelon body until the watermelons are ripe, the watermelon pulp is fragrant and sweet, and the watermelon can be freely grown by arranging seaweed cotton, so that the watermelons are ripe and sweet in pulp under the beautiful appearance.

Description

Cultivation method and device for special-shaped melons

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a cultivation method and device for special-shaped melons.

Background

Watermelon (academia: Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) matsum. et Nakai) annual vine; the stems and branches are thick and strong and have obvious edges. Thick tendrils, short and soft hair, thick petiole and dense and soft hair; the leaf is paper, the outline is triangular oval, the leaf is white and green, the two sides are provided with short bristles, and the base of the leaf is heart-shaped. The same male and female plants. Both the male and female flowers are originated from the axilla of the leaf. The male flower stalk is 3-4 cm long, dense, yellow brown and long and soft; the calyx cylinder is wide and bell-shaped; the corolla is light yellow; the stamen is close to the raw, the filament is short, and the chamber is bent. Female flowers: the calyx and the corolla are the same as the male flower; ovaries, stigmatic kidney. The fruit is large, nearly spherical or elliptical, fleshy, juicy, smooth in peel, and various in color and luster and ornamentation. Most seeds, egg-shaped, black, red, smooth on both sides, blunt and round on the base, usually with slightly arched edges, in the summer of flower and fruit.

Annual vine of watermelon; thick stems and branches with obvious ridges and furrows, and long and dense white or light yellow brown long and soft hair. The tendrils are thicker, have short, soft hair, 2 branches, thick petioles, 3-12 cm long and 0.2-0.4 cm thick, have unobvious furrows and are densely covered and soft hair; the leaf is made of paper, the outline of the leaf is in a triangular oval shape, the leaf is white and green, the length of the leaf is 8-20 cm, the width of the leaf is 5-15 cm, the two sides of the leaf are provided with short bristles, the upper side and the back side of the leaf are more, 3 deep cracks are formed, the middle splinter is longer, the inverted oval shape, the long round needle shape or the needle shape is coated with needles, the top end of the leaf is sharp or gradually sharp, the splinters are slightly cracked or deeply cracked in a pinnate shape or double pinnate shape, the edge is wavy or has sparse teeth, the last splinter usually has a few shallow sawteeth, the tip is blunt and round, the heart shape of the base part of the leaf is sometimes semicircular and is bent.

the same male and female plants. Both the male and female flowers are originated from the axilla of the leaf. Male flowers: the flower stalk is 3-4 cm long and is densely covered with yellow brown long and soft hair; the calyx tube is wide and bell-shaped, is densely covered with long velvets, has a needle shape with split calyx leaves, is nearly as long as the calyx tube and is 2-3 mm long; the corolla is yellowish, the diameter is 2.5-3 cm, the external surface is green, the quilt is long and soft, the splinters are oval and long, the length is 1-1.5 cm, the width is 0.5-0.8 cm, the top end is blunt or slightly sharp, the pulse is yellowish brown, and the quilt is hairy; stamen 3, proximal to the birth, 1 chamber 1, 2 chambers 2, short filament, and chamber bent. Female flowers: the calyx and the corolla are the same as the male flower; ovaries are oval, 0.5-0.8 cm long, 0.4 cm wide, dense quilts are long and soft, style is 4-5 mm long, stigma 3, kidney shape.

The fruit is large, nearly spherical or elliptical, fleshy, juicy, smooth in peel, and various in color and luster and ornamentation. The seeds are mostly egg-shaped, black and red, sometimes white, yellow, light green or with stripes, smooth on both sides, blunt-rounded at the base, usually slightly arched at the edge, 1-1.5 cm long, 0.5-0.8 cm wide and 1-2 mm thick, in the summer of flowers and fruits.

The watermelon likes warm and dry climate and is not cold-resistant, the optimum temperature for growth and development is 24-30 ℃, the optimum temperature for root system growth and development is 30-32 ℃, and the lowest temperature for root hair generation is 14 ℃. The watermelon needs a large day and night temperature difference in the growth and development process. The watermelon is drought-resistant and moisture-proof, and is easy to be infected by excessive humidity in rainy days. The watermelon is loved by light and has long growth period, so a great amount of nutrients are needed. The fertilizer requirement of the watermelon is gradually increased along with the growth of plants, and reaches the maximum value when the fruits grow vigorously. The watermelon has strong adaptability, and the sandy soil with loose soil, deep soil layer and good drainage is the best. It is weakly acidic, and has a pH of 5-7.

The mature fruit of the chervil watermelon is oval, the fruit type index is about 1.3, the average weight of a single watermelon is 1.5 kg, and the maximum weight can reach more than 3 kg. The fruit surface is smooth, the bottom color is bright green, the dark green medium-fine rack is covered on the fruit surface, the pulp is red, the pulp is crisp and tender, the juice is more and refreshing, the fiber is less, the central refractive sugar content is about 13 percent and can reach more than 13.5 percent, the fruit peel thickness is about 0.5 cm, and the fruit does not crack. The commercial melon seeds are brown oval, the weight of each thousand seeds is about 32 g, and the average number of single melon seeds is about 100.

The mature fruit of the chervil watermelon is oval, the fruit type index is about 1.3, the average weight of a single watermelon is 1.5 kg, and the maximum weight can reach more than 3 kg. The fruit surface is smooth, the bottom color is bright green, the dark green medium-fine rack is covered on the fruit surface, the pulp is red, the pulp is crisp and tender, the juice is more and refreshing, the fiber is less, the central refractive sugar content is about 13 percent and can reach more than 13.5 percent, the fruit peel thickness is about 0.5 cm, and the fruit does not crack. The commercial melon seeds are brown oval, the weight of each thousand seeds is about 32 g, and the average number of single melon seeds is about 100.

the Jingxiu watermelon is early-maturing, the fruit development period is 26-28 days, and the whole growth period is 85-90 days. The plant has strong growth potential, oval fruit and beautiful appearance. Green with narrow bands in the shape of saw-teeth. Average fruit weight is 1.5-2.0 kg, yield is 2500-. Uniform fruit section, no hollow part and no white tendon, red pulp, crisp and tender meat, good taste, good flavor and few seeds.

The kylin king watermelon is extremely early ripe, and is ripe about 28 days after flowering. The plant grows vigorously, the fruit is oval, there are dark green flower stripes among the light green of peel, the appearance is graceful. The flesh is bright red, the flesh is crisp and cool, the fiber is less, the juice is more, and the soluble solid content is 12.9 percent. The peel is tough and not easy to hollow, and the weight of a single fruit is about 5.0 kg. Disease resistance, high yield and continuous cropping resistance.

The red tiger watermelon is a newly introduced foreign Chinese-fruit type top-quality watermelon variety. The red tiger watermelon is extremely early-maturing, and the whole growth period is 75-80 days in spring and 55-58 days in autumn. Easy fruit setting, strong growth, cold resistance and heat resistance. The cucumber can be cultivated in spring and autumn, the appearance is stable, the fruits are oval, the tiger stripes and the peel are red, the flesh is small, the peel is thin and hard, the cucumber is super-sweet and crisp, the disease resistance is high, and the weight of a single cucumber is 3-5 kg.

The black king kong watermelon is medium-ripe. Easy fruit setting, 103 days in the whole growth period, and 33-35 days from the time when the female flowers bloom to the time when the fruits mature. The plant has vigorous growth, oval fruit, black skin, white wax powder coating, thinness, toughness and storage and transportation resistance. The pulp is bright red, the seeds are few, the meat is crisp and juicy, the center contains more than 12 percent of soluble solid, and the quality is excellent. The weight of a single fruit is about 12 kg, and the maximum weight can reach 34 kg.

The root system of Hua-honey crown dragon is developed. The branching property is moderate. The leaves are medium-dark and light in depth, the color of the leaves is dark green, and the plants grow semi-vertically. Middle and late ripeness. The fruit is oval, the fruit shape index is about 1.4, the green peel is covered with dark green thin toothed belts, and the number of strips is different. The melon pulp is red and succulent, and the central soluble solid content is about 11 percent. The gradient of the middle edge is small. The peel is thin and tough, and is storage and transportation resistant.

shaozubu jubao watermelon: medium-early maturing, 90 days in full growth period, 28-30 days in fruit development period. The fruit is oval, the fruit shape index is about 1.4, the peel thickness is 1.1 cm, and the fruit surface is greenish and has fine reticulate patterns without wax powder. The pulp is bright red, the fiber is less, and the content of central soluble solid is about 11.9 percent. The weight of a single fruit is 4 kg, and the maximum weight can reach more than 10 kg. The disease resistance is general.

The yellow gem seedless watermelon belongs to a medium-ripeness first-filial generation triploid seedless watermelon variety, the fruit is spherical, the fruit shape index is 1.0-1.05, dark wide strips are covered on dark green peel, the fruit is good in roundness and rarely has malformed fruits, the peel is thin and is less than 1.2 cm, the pulp is yellow, the section is uniform, the fiber is less, the juice is delicious and sweet, the center refraction sugar content is more than 11.0%, the gradient of the center edge sugar is smaller and is between 2.0% and 2.5%, the seedless watermelon is good, the white blighted seeds are few and small, and the watermelon is free of colored seeds. The peel has high hardness and is storage and transportation resistant.

the seedless watermelon can be artificially planted into a round shape according to the genetic characteristics, and the pulp of the watermelon has no seeds, so that the breeding is required every year.

The early-spring Hongyu is a hybridized first-generation very early-maturing small-sized red-pulp watermelon. Planting in spring, harvesting in 5 months, maturing 35 days after fruit setting, and enabling the fruit to be 28-30 days in the development period. The plant growth potential is strong, the fruit is oblong, the longitudinal diameter is about 20 cm, and the weight of a single fruit is 1.5-1.8 kg. The peel is dark green, is coated with fine rack patterns, is extremely thin, has the peel thickness of 0.3 cm, is tough and not easy to crack, and is relatively durable to transport. Dark red pulp, less fiber, high sugar content, about 13 percent of central sugar content and good taste and flavor. Under low temperature and weak light, the female flowers have better growth and fruit setting, and are suitable for greenhouse forcing culture in early spring.

Yellow pulp, called Xinjinlun, is a rare variety of watermelon introduced from Taiwan. The watermelon is small, the maximum is only 3kg, the sugar content is high and uniform, the watermelon is melted in the mouth, the yellow-flesh watermelon only takes 33 days from fruit setting to maturity, two crops can be harvested in one year, and the yield per mu is 3000 kg.

Pepino, which is a mini watermelon, a wild plant from south america. The shape is similar to sweet potato, but "pepino" is only 3cm long and 2 cm in diameter. Although the appearance of the watermelon is the same as that of the common watermelon, the inner flesh of the "Pepkinson" is greenish green, and the root of the watermelon is in a stem shape. The watermelon juice is crisp and tasty like cucumber, has higher nutritive value than common watermelon, and can be directly eaten. "Peptorno" has two colors and shapes, one is light green with flower veins, melon and fruit are usually oval; the other is dark green and yellow, and the melon and fruit are generally round.

Heart-shaped watermelon, 2014, a farmer from the family name woodvillage in the japan bear city experienced long-term experiments, overcome many difficulties, created his proprietary heart-shaped watermelon, and allegedly his inspiration came from a joke of his neighbors. Rocktnews reports that: "this heart-shaped watermelon has a sacrifice in consistency in order to make the juice sweeter. Once you eat this heart-shaped watermelon in the form of a wolves' swallow, there will be some soft and sweet flesh left on your lips.

square watermelon, which is cultivated in Japan, is originally only convenient for storage and saves space.

Problems existing in the prior art:

the special-shaped watermelon is cultivated at present, the growth size of the watermelon is limited by a used die, the watermelon peel is thickened, the inner pulp is reduced, and the pulp is sour and is not easy to eat due to excessive extrusion and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the problems set forth in the background art described above. The invention provides a cultivation method and a cultivation device for special-shaped watermelons, which have the characteristics of convenience for free growth of watermelons, mature and sweet growth and attractive appearance.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a cultivation method of dysmorphism melon and device thereof, contains shell (1), watermelon mould (2) have been installed to the inlayer of shell (1), the lateral surface of watermelon mould (2) still is provided with connecting portion, and connecting portion are connected with support frame (3), support frame (3) are including supporting part (304), elastic support portion (301), support frame (3) still are provided with two and draw pressure sensor, support frame (3) still are provided with rotation regulation portion (305) with shell (1) junction.

As a preferred technical scheme, every edge of watermelon mould (2) all is connected with rubber connection piece (4), rubber connection piece (4) are triangular angle, have five faces, and the inboard is empty, and watermelon mould (2) is 5 faces, and the bottom surface does not set up, and fixed slot and protruding end have all been seted up to the connecting portion between 5 faces of watermelon mould.

As a preferable technical scheme, the number of the support frames (3) is 5, and the support frames are respectively arranged on the upper side, the left side, the right side, the front side and the rear side of the watermelon mould (2).

Preferably, the elastic support part (301) is a built-in telescopic support and is internally provided with a spring.

As a preferred technical scheme, the shell (1) and the watermelon mould (2) are both of a combined detachable structure, and the watermelon mould (2) is of a ventilating structure.

As a preferred technical scheme, the cultivation method of the special-shaped melons comprises the following steps:

Firstly, combining a shell (1) and a watermelon mould (2) about 10 days after the watermelon blooms and bears fruits, placing the bearing fruits in the shell, and adjusting the size of the watermelon mould (2) to ensure that the distance from the shell to the watermelon is less than 3 cm;

Secondly, adjusting the position of the melon vine to prevent the vine from winding and clamping;

Thirdly, after fruit bearing, adjusting a rotary adjusting part (305) every ten days according to the value of a pulling pressure sensor, adjusting the position of a supporting frame (3), adjusting the clamping force and adjusting the shape of the watermelon;

Fourthly, after the watermelon enters the expansion period, adjusting the rotary adjusting part (305) every two days, and keeping the value of the adjusted pulling pressure sensor at 300g ~ 350 g;

fifthly, in the watermelon picking period, the shell (1) and the watermelon mould (2) are dismantled, and the watermelon is taken out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the structure, the watermelon can be regulated according to the fixed quantity, the purpose of deformation of the watermelon can be achieved under the very suitable pressure, meanwhile, the local pulp of the watermelon is not acidified by generating larger force, the taste is influenced, and by adopting the device, the growth shape of the watermelon can be effectively controlled, and the device has extremely high applicability.

drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the expanding structure of the rubber connecting sheet of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a watermelon mould; 3. a support frame; 4. a rubber connecting sheet; 5. a filling part of alginate wool.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for cultivating special-shaped melon and a device thereof comprise a shell 1, wherein a watermelon mould 2 is arranged on the inner layer of the shell 1, a support frame 3 is fixedly arranged between the outer side surface of the watermelon mould 2 and the inner side surface of the support frame 3, and a seaweed cotton filling part 5 is arranged between the shell 1 and the watermelon mould 2.

In this embodiment: moulding board of six face constitutions through watermelon mould 2, can carry out moulding on the basis with the watermelon, when the watermelon is too big, can prop six moulding boards open, and elasticity according to rubber connection piece 4 is great, the watermelon can continue to grow up, it is moulding according to the shape of rubber connection piece 4, make the watermelon in moulding, can grow up according to watermelon body attribute, until the watermelon is ripe, its pulp is fragrant and sweet, can regard as the fixed stay effect of watermelon mould 2 through the support frame 3 installed, and when the watermelon is grown, but elastic shrinkage, can not give the restriction that the watermelon grows, can be convenient for freely increase of watermelon through installing the sponge cotton, make the watermelon under pleasing to the eye appearance, the pulp is ripe, eat fragrant and sweet.

Specifically, each edge of the watermelon mold 2 is connected with a rubber connecting sheet 4, the rubber connecting sheet 4 is a triangular corner and has five faces, the inner side is hollow, and connecting parts among six faces of the watermelon mold 2 are provided with fixing grooves and convex ends; moulding board of six faces constitution through watermelon mould 2 can carry out moulding on the basis with the watermelon, when the watermelon is long too big, can strut six moulding boards, and is great according to the elasticity of rubber connection piece 4, and the watermelon can continue to grow up, and is moulding according to the shape of rubber connection piece 4 for the watermelon can grow up according to watermelon body attribute when moulding, and until the watermelon is ripe, its pulp is fragrant and sweet.

Specifically, the number of the support frames 3 is four, and the four support frames are respectively arranged on the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the watermelon mould 2; the supporting frame 3 can be used for fixing and supporting the watermelon mould 2, and can elastically contract when the watermelon grows, so that the growth of the watermelon is not limited.

Specifically, the alginate sponge filling part 5 is provided with sufficient alginate sponge, and the alginate sponge has good flexibility and is convenient to compress; the seaweed sponge is arranged, so that the watermelon can be freely grown, the pulp of the watermelon is mature under the beautiful appearance, and the watermelon is fragrant and sweet to eat.

Specifically, one surface of the shell 1, which is at the same side with the watermelon mould 2, is provided with a switch door; the watermelon can be conveniently put in and taken out through the arranged opening and closing door.

Specifically, the cultivation method of the special-shaped melons comprises the following steps:

Opening a door which is opened on one side surface of the shell 1 and the watermelon mould 2 about 10 days after the watermelon blooms and bears fruits;

secondly, placing the watermelon which blooms and bears fruits in about 10 days into the mold;

And thirdly, taking off the mold until the watermelon is completely ripe and needs to be picked.

The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when in use, at first open through the door of opening in shell 1 and 2 sides of watermelon mould, the watermelon that will bloom and fruit bearing about 10 days is put into this mould inside, when the watermelon is too big, can prop six moulding boards open, and elasticity according to rubber connection piece 4 is great, the watermelon can continue to grow up, moulding according to the shape of rubber connection piece 4, make the watermelon grow up according to watermelon body attribute when moulding, can be convenient for freely increasing of watermelon through installing the sponge, make the watermelon under pleasing to the eye appearance, the pulp is ripe, eat fragrant and sweet, until the watermelon is ripe, its pulp is fragrant and sweet, until the watermelon is ripe completely, when needing to pick, take off the mould.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A cultivation method and a device of special-shaped melons are characterized in that: contain shell (1), watermelon mould (2) have been installed to the inlayer of shell (1), the lateral surface of watermelon mould (2) still is provided with connecting portion, and connecting portion are connected with support frame (3), support frame (3) are including supporting part (304), elastic support portion (301), support frame (3) still are provided with two and draw pressure sensor, support frame (3) still are provided with rotation regulation portion (305) with shell (1) junction.

2. A cultivation method and a device of the special-shaped melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: every edge of watermelon mould (2) all is connected with rubber connection piece (4), rubber connection piece (4) are triangular horn, have five faces, and the inboard is empty, and watermelon mould (2) are 5 faces, and the bottom surface does not set up, and fixed slot and protruding end have all been seted up to connecting portion between 5 faces of watermelon mould.

3. a cultivation method and a device of the special-shaped melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the support frames (3) is 5, and the support frames are respectively arranged on the upper side, the left side, the right side, the front side and the rear side of the watermelon mould (2).

4. A cultivation method and a device of the special-shaped melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elastic support part (301) is a built-in telescopic support, and a spring is arranged inside the elastic support part.

5. a cultivation method and a device of the special-shaped melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shell (1) and the watermelon mould (2) are both combined detachable structures, and the watermelon mould (2) is of a ventilating structure.

6. A cultivation method and a device of the special-shaped melon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cultivation method of the special-shaped melons comprises the following steps:

Firstly, combining a shell (1) and a watermelon mould (2) about 10 days after the watermelon blooms and bears fruits, placing the bearing fruits in the shell, and adjusting the size of the watermelon mould (2) to ensure that the distance from the shell to the watermelon is less than 3 cm;

secondly, adjusting the position of the melon vine to prevent the vine from winding and clamping;

Thirdly, after fruit bearing, adjusting a rotary adjusting part (305) every ten days according to the value of a pulling pressure sensor, adjusting the position of a supporting frame (3), adjusting the clamping force and adjusting the shape of the watermelon;

Fourthly, after the watermelon enters the expansion period, adjusting the rotary adjusting part (305) every two days, and keeping the value of the adjusted pulling pressure sensor at 300g ~ 350 g;

Fifthly, in the watermelon picking period, the shell (1) and the watermelon mould (2) are dismantled, and the watermelon is taken out.