CN110529498B - 具有集成的挤压油膜阻尼器的单列滚珠轴承 - Google Patents

具有集成的挤压油膜阻尼器的单列滚珠轴承 Download PDF

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CN110529498B
CN110529498B CN201910439949.4A CN201910439949A CN110529498B CN 110529498 B CN110529498 B CN 110529498B CN 201910439949 A CN201910439949 A CN 201910439949A CN 110529498 B CN110529498 B CN 110529498B
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outer race
end stop
stop flange
housing
bearing assembly
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CN110529498A (zh
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E·P·埃尔伍德三世
T·豪斯
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BorgWarner Inc
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/04—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies
    • F16C27/045—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies with a fluid film, e.g. squeeze film damping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
    • F01D25/162—Bearing supports
    • F01D25/164—Flexible supports; Vibration damping means associated with the bearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
    • F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
    • F02C6/12—Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/06—Lubrication
    • F04D29/063—Lubrication specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
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    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
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    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586—Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
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    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6685—Details of collecting or draining, e.g. returning the liquid to a sump
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/005—Fluid passages not relating to lubrication or cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/243—Flange connections; Bolting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
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    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F16C19/163—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls with angular contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16C2226/12—Force connections, e.g. clamping by press-fit, e.g. plug-in
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    • F16C2226/50—Positive connections
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    • F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines
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    • F16C35/042—Housings for rolling element bearings for rotary movement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

根据本公开的一个方面，公开了一种滚动元件轴承组件。该滚动元件轴承组件可用在电辅助涡轮增压器中。轴承组件包括：内圈，具有限定内滚道的外径；外圈，具有外径和内径，外圈内径限定外滚道；内滚道和外滚道之间的单列滚动元件；以及挤压油膜阻尼器，其与外圈集成以形成单个部件。挤压油膜阻尼器在外圈外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面。

Description

具有集成的挤压油膜阻尼器的单列滚珠轴承
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及轴承，且更具体地涉及制造用于旋转机械的轴承和轴承部件的方法或设备。
背景技术
滚动元件轴承经常用于具有旋转部件的机器和设备中。典型的滚动元件轴承包括内圈和外圈，其中滚珠或滚子设置在座圈之间。
高速设备，例如涡轮增压器、压缩机涡轮机和燃气涡轮机，利用围绕旋转轴的滚动元件轴承。特别地，涡轮增压器用于增强内燃机的性能。虽然一些涡轮增压器利用废气作为动力，但是其他涡轮增压器也可与可操作地联接到轴的电子发动机一起运转，单独或由废气辅助，以给涡轮增压器提供动力。
涡轮增压器能够以超过100000rpm的速度旋转。已经进行了许多改进以提高其性能和寿命，特别是润滑问题。例如，一些涡轮增压器轴承具有阻尼特性以抑制振动并允许设备在加速通过共振区域时获得安全的运转速度。此外，当机器在稳态或正常运转速度下运转时，阻尼轴承还有助于抑制由不平衡引起的较小振动。
美国专利第5,425,584号公开了一种用于滚动元件轴承的流体阻尼支撑件。在'584专利中，紧密间隔的梁网络支撑滚珠轴承的外圈，使其不在任何方向运动。在梁之间的空间中提供液体以抑制运动。梁之间的结构和空间设计为提供阻尼特性。然而，仍然需要系统和方法以减少部件数量，提供更容易的组件，并减少多个部件的公差叠加。因此，需要一种具有集成的挤压油膜阻尼器的单列滚珠轴承。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面，公开了一种滚动元件轴承组件。该滚动元件轴承组件可用在电辅助涡轮增压器中。轴承组件包括：内圈，具有限定内滚道的外径；外圈，具有外径和内径，外圈内径限定外滚道；内滚道和外滚道之间的单列滚动元件；以及挤压油膜阻尼器，其与外圈集成形成单个部件。挤压油膜阻尼器在外圈的外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面。
在一个这样的实施例中，轴承组件进一步包括外圈中的油喷射器。在另一个这样的实施例中，轴承组件包括端部止动凸缘，其与外圈匹配并且配置为与壳体接合。在这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘可旋转地被约束到外圈，并且进一步包括配置为与壳体接合的防旋转特征件。在一个这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘通过卡环附接到外圈。
在另一个这样的实施例中，轴承组件包括端部止动凸缘，其与外圈集成并且配置为与壳体接合。在一个这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘进一步包括配置为与壳体接合的防旋转特征件。
另一个实施例采用电辅助涡轮增压器形式，其包括壳体、涡轮机叶轮、压缩机叶轮、支撑在壳体中并使涡轮机叶轮和压缩机叶轮相互连接的轴、设置在壳体中并可操作地联接到轴的电动机，以及至少一个围绕轴的滚动元件轴承组件。所述至少一个滚动元件轴承组件包括内圈、外圈、内圈和外圈之间的多个滚动元件，以及集成在外圈中的挤压油膜阻尼器，挤压油膜阻尼器为外圈的外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面。
在一个这样的实施例中，涡轮增压器进一步包括外圈中的油喷射器。在另一个这样的实施例中，涡轮增压器进一步包括端部止动凸缘，其与外圈匹配并且配置为与壳体接合。在这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘被旋转地约束到外圈，并且进一步包括配置为与壳体接合的防旋转特征件。在一个这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘通过卡环附接到外圈。
在另一个这样的实施例中，涡轮增压器进一步包括与外圈集成的端部止动凸缘，并且配置为与壳体接合。端部止动凸缘可进一步包括销孔，销孔配置为与防旋转销接合。
另一个实施例采用电辅助涡轮增压器形式，其具有壳体、涡轮机叶轮、压缩机叶轮、支撑在壳体中并使涡轮机叶轮和压缩机叶轮相互连接的轴、设置在壳体中并可操作地联接到轴的电动机、在电动机的涡轮侧围绕轴设置的涡轮侧滚动元件轴承，以及在电动机的压缩机侧围绕轴设置的压缩机侧滚动元件轴承。
涡轮侧滚动元件轴承和压缩机侧滚动元件轴承中的至少一个或两个都包括：内圈，具有限定内滚道的外径；外圈，其具有外径，内径限定外滚道；以及油喷射器，配置为为内滚道提供润滑；内滚道和外滚道之间的单列滚动元件；挤压油膜阻尼器，其与外圈集成以形成单个部件。挤压油膜阻尼器在外圈的外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面。端部止动凸缘与外圈匹配，并通过卡环固定到外圈。端部止动凸缘被旋转地约束到外圈，并且进一步与壳体的防旋转特征件接合。
另一个实施例采用电驱动压缩机的形式，其具有壳体、至少一个压缩机叶轮、支撑在壳体中并与至少一个压缩机叶轮相互连接的轴、设置在壳体中并可操作地联接到轴上的电动机、至少一个在电动机的压缩机侧绕轴设置的压缩机滚动元件轴承。在这样的实施例中，压缩机侧滚动元件轴承包括：内圈，具有限定内滚道的外径；外圈，具有外径和内径；以及油喷射器，配置为为内滚道提供润滑，外圈内径限定外滚道；内滚道和外滚道之间的单列滚动元件；挤压油膜阻尼器，其与外圈集成以形成单个部件，挤压油膜阻尼器在外圈的外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面；以及端部止动凸缘，其与外圈匹配并且通过卡环固定到外圈。端部止动凸缘被旋转地约束到外圈，并且进一步与壳体的防旋转特征件接合。
当结合附图阅读时，将更容易理解本公开的这些和其他方面的特征。
附图说明
图1示出了传统涡轮增压器轴承组件的横截面视图。
图2示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的第一轴承组件的剖视图。
图3示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的外圈的透视图。
图4示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的内圈的透视图。
图5示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的端部止动凸缘的透视图。
图6示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的卡环的透视图。
图7示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的安装在涡轮增压器中的轴承组件的横截面视图。
图8示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的第二轴承组件的横截面视图。
图9示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的涡轮增压器的横截面视图。
图10示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的具有轴承组件的电动压缩机。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图，图1示出了传统涡轮增压器轴承组件的横截面视图。特别地，图1示出了具有滚动元件轴承的传统涡轮增压器的横截面视图50。这里包含的横截面视图中，在视图的上部和下部都示出了多个部件。例如，环形外圈围绕轴，但是沿中心线截取的横截面出现在中心线的上方和下方。在本公开中，为了清楚起见，未在中心线的两半上都示出和标记这些部件。
在视图50中，轴10被示出为由轴承支撑。轴承封闭在壳体15内并包括内圈11和外圈13，内圈11具有沿内圈外径的内滚道12，外圈13具有沿外圈内径的外滚道14。滚动元件21设置在内圈11的滚道12、24和外圈13之间。
轴承盖18通过紧密间隙配合、过盈配合等与外圈13相互作用，以在外圈13和轴承盖18之间形成刚性连接。在一些实施例中，内圈和外圈压配合到轴承盖18中。轴承盖18进一步包括轴向端部止动件19，轴向端部止动件19与壳体15的一部分相接，以限制轴承沿着纵向轴线CL沿轴10的中心线的平移运动。轴承进一步包括用于将油引导到整个轴承的导油器20。
在轴承盖18和壳体15之间形成挤压油膜阻尼器表面16。挤压油膜阻尼器表面16包括间隙，该间隙的尺寸被调节以优化轴承组件的油膜厚度，并因此优化轴承组件的阻尼特性。由于多个部件各自具有单独的制造公差，因此在滚动元件轴承的传统设计中优化挤压油膜阻尼器表面16的间隙尺寸可能变得具有挑战性。
图2示出了根据本公开实施例的第一轴承组件的剖视图。特别地，图2示出了轴承组件100的视图。轴承组件100可用在任何适用的旋转机械中。示例性机器包括涡轮增压器、电动涡轮增压器(例如，eTurbos)，电辅助涡轮增压器、燃气涡轮机等。轴承组件100包括内圈110(也在图4中与其他轴承组件部件分开示出)和外圈120(也在图3中与其他轴承组件部件分开示出)，内圈110具有限定内滚道114的外径112，外圈120同时具有外径122和内径124，外圈内径124限定外滚道126。
单列滚动元件130设置在内滚道114和外滚道126之间。滚动元件130的尺寸适当地配合在滚道114、126之间，并提供内圈110和外圈120之间的固体金属与金属的接触。挤压油膜阻尼器140集成到外圈120中，形成单个部件。挤压油膜阻尼器140在外圈的外径122和壳体142(图1中未示出)之间提供挤压油膜阻尼表面144。挤压油膜阻尼器表面144在挤压油膜阻尼器140和壳体142之间提供适当的间隙，以适当地抑制轴承组件所经受的振动。
在一个实施例中，轴承组件100进一步包括外圈120中的油喷射器202。油喷射器202提供从外圈120的内径124到外圈120的外径122的油流。油喷射器202可以通过任何数量的方式形成在外圈120中，以包括外圈120的注射模具的特征，在外圈120中加工或钻孔等。此外，油喷射器202的位置可沿着外圈放置在各种位置。例如，油喷射器202可放置在外圈120的顶部或底部位置。
外圈120可包括沿外圈120的圆周环绕设置的多个油喷射器202。例如，三个油喷射器202可沿外圈的圆周设置，彼此间隔120°。尽管可以使用任何数量的油喷射器202。
在一个实施例中，轴承组件100进一步包括端部止动凸缘302(也在图5中与其他轴承组件部件分开示出)，其可与外圈120匹配。端部止动凸缘302配置为与壳体142接合或抵靠壳体142。端部止动凸缘302可包括凸片342，凸片342配置为插入外圈120上的槽340中。将凸片342插入槽340中保持围绕外圈120和端部止动凸缘302之间的轴线CL的旋转对准(例如，将外圈120旋转地约束到端部止动凸缘302)。在另一个实施例中，端部止动凸缘进一步包括配置为与壳体142接合的防旋转特征件304。例如，防旋转特征件304可包括销孔，销控配置为接收壳体上的防旋转销。当防旋转销(未示出)插入防旋转特征件304中时，端部止动凸缘302被旋转地约束到壳体142。
一些实施例组合了具有凸片342和槽340两者的端部止动凸缘302以及防旋转特征件304。在这样的实施例中，当防旋转特征件304与端部止动凸缘302接合时，外圈120和端部止动凸缘302都被禁止绕CL轴旋转，部分原因是外圈120的防旋转特征件是与壳体142接合，并且端部止动凸缘302的凸片342安装在外圈120的槽340中。在各种实施例中，接合防旋转特征件304包括将壳体的防旋转销插入防旋转特征件304中。
在轴承组件100中也示出了卡环306。卡环306的尺寸配合在凹槽308内并限制端部止动凸缘302沿轴线CL平移。
图3示出了根据本公开实施例的外圈的透视图。图3中示出的外圈120更清楚地示出了图2中所示的外圈120的各方面。特别地，图3的外圈120示出了槽340，其配置为与端部止动凸缘302的凸片342对齐。
还示出了油喷射器202，其从外圈120的外圆周延伸到外圈120的内圆周。
图4示出了根据本公开实施例的内圈的透视图。图4中示出的内圈110更清楚地示出了图2中所示的内圈的各方面。
图5示出了根据本公开实施例的端部止挡凸缘的透视图。图5中示出的端部止动凸缘302更清楚地示出了图2中所示的端部止动凸缘的各方面。特别地，端部止动凸缘302包括沿着端部止动凸缘302的外圆周布置的防旋转特征件304。如图所示，防旋转特征件304被实现为沿着端部止动凸缘302的外圆周布置的相对侧的两个孔。在一些实施例中，沿着端部止动凸缘302的外圆周设置不同数量的孔。图5中的端部止动凸缘302也示出了对准槽340的凸片342。应该注意的是，凸片342和槽340可以切换位置，其中槽定位在端部止动凸缘302上并且凸片342定位在外圈120上。
图6示出了根据本公开实施例的卡环的透视图。卡环306被示出为圆形形状，顶部具有膨胀断裂，其中眼孔310布置在膨胀断裂附近。
图7示出了根据本公开实施例的安装在涡轮增压器中的轴承组件的剖视图。特别地，图7示出了图2所示的轴承组件的横截面视图。如图7所示，端部止动凸缘302通过卡环306附接到外圈120。卡环306(也在图6中与其他轴承组件部件分开示出)的尺寸配合在外圈120上的凹槽802内。
通过将端部止动凸缘302的凸片342与外圈120的槽340对准使得外圈120在接触点804处抵靠在端部止动凸缘302上，可以实现将端部止动凸缘302和卡环306安装到外圈120上。可以通过撬开眼孔310来扩展卡环306。然后可将卡环306定位在端部止动凸缘302的凹槽802中。然后，通过允许眼孔310返回到其标称的、非撬开的位置，可以将卡环306恢复到其标称几何形状。因此，卡环306被约束在凹槽802内。此外，限制端部止动凸缘302在外圈120上的接触点804处沿着轴线CL平移并且在相对侧上通过卡环306进行平移。
图8示出了根据本公开实施例的第二轴承组件的剖视图。特别地，图8示出了安装在壳体142中的轴承组件800，并且包括许多如图2和图7所示的相同的轴承组件部件。但是，如图8所示，端部止动凸缘404与外圈120接合，以形成单个部件420。如图2和图7所示，这与外圈和作为单独部件的端部止动凸缘是相对的。
这样，端部止动凸缘404可包括与端部止动凸缘302类似的部件。在一个这样的实施例中，端部止动凸缘404包括配置为与壳体142接合的防旋转特征件(例如，诸如防旋转特征件304)。因此，当防旋转特征件(例如304)与壳体142接合时，集成的外圈120和端部止动凸缘404一起作为单个部件420，旋转地受壳体142约束。
工业实用性
通常，本公开的教导可以在许多行业中找到广泛的适用性，包括但不限于汽车、单轨车辆、船舶、电子和运输行业。特别地，本公开可以在使用包括旋转部件的机器或设备的任何工业中找到适用性。本文公开了可包括本公开的滚动元件轴承组件的机械的各种非限制性示例。
图9示出了根据本公开实施例的涡轮增压器的横截面视图。特别地，图9示出了电辅助涡轮增压器900。涡轮增压器900包括壳体901、涡轮叶轮902、压缩机叶轮903、支撑在壳体901中并使涡轮叶轮902与压缩机叶轮903相互连接的轴904、设置在壳体901中并可操作地联接到轴904的电动机905、供油系统906，以及支撑轴904的至少一个滚动元件轴承组件907。
在这样的实施例中，电动机905设置在第一端(例如，左侧的涡轮机端)和第二端(例如，右侧的压缩机端)之间。这样，多个轴承组件907可用于在电动机905的每一侧上支撑轴904。在这里，轴承组件907-1在电动机905的涡轮侧示出，并且轴承组件907-2在电动机905的压缩机侧示出。
电动机905可可操作地联接到轴904，以向轴904提供旋转力，从而以各种方式驱动涡轮机和压缩机叶轮902和903的旋转。例如，电动机905可安装在涡轮增压器900的外部，并通过花键联接器连接到压缩机叶轮的前端。电动机905可进一步通过磁力作用在轴上，以提供所需的旋转效果。
至少一个滚动元件轴承组件907-1和907-2可通过图2和图7中所示的轴承组件100或者通过图8中所示的轴承组件800来实现。这样，轴承组件包括内圈110、外圈120、内圈110和外圈120之间的多个滚动元件130，以及集成在外圈120中的挤压油膜阻尼器140，挤压油膜阻尼器140为外圈120的外径122和壳体901之间提供挤压油膜阻尼表面144。
在一个这样的实施例中，涡轮增压器900的轴承组件907-1和907-2进一步包括外圈120中的油喷射器202，其与供油系统906流体连通。
图10示出了根据本公开的本公开的实施例的电动压缩机。特别地，图10示出了压缩机1000，其包括壳体1001、可操作地联接到轴1004的压缩机叶轮1003、可操作地联接到轴的电动机1005，以及轴承组件1007-1和1007-2。这里，与涡轮增压器900类似，轴承组件1007-1和1007-2中的任一个或两个都可以通过本文公开的轴承组件100或800中的任一个来实现。然而，与涡轮增压器900不同，压缩机1000在一端包括压缩机叶轮1003而没有涡轮机叶轮。这样，轴1004由电动机1005操作，并且轴承组件1007-1和1007-2设置在电动机1005的任一侧。轴承组件1007-1(例如，压缩机侧轴承组件)布置在电动机1005的压缩机侧，并且轴承组件1007-2(例如，第二轴承组件)布置在电动机1005与压缩机叶轮1003相对的一侧。
在又一个实施例中，双级电动压缩机可使用本文公开的轴承组件。这种机器可类似于涡轮增压器900，但是可包括在电动机的相对侧上的两个压缩机轮而不包括涡轮机叶轮。
另一个实施例采用电动压缩机的形式，其包括包括壳体、至少一个压缩机叶轮、支撑在壳体中并与至少一个压缩机叶轮相互连接的轴、设置在壳体中并可操作地联接到轴的电动机，以及至少一个在电动机的压缩机侧绕轴设置的压缩机滚动元件轴承。在这样的实施例中，压缩机侧滚动元件轴承包括：内圈110，其具有限定内滚道114的外径；外圈120，具有外径和内径124；以及油喷射器202，配置为为内滚道114提供润滑，外圈内径124限定外滚道126；内滚道114和外滚道126之间的单列滚动元件130；挤压油膜阻尼器140，其与外圈120集成以形成单个部件，挤压油膜阻尼器140在外圈的外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面144；以及与外圈120匹配并通过卡环固定到外圈120的端部止动凸缘。端部止动凸缘被旋转地约束到外圈120，并进一步与壳体的防旋转特征件接合。
虽然已经关于某些特定实施例提供了前述详细描述，但是应该理解，本公开的范围不应限于这些实施例。本公开的广度和精神比具体公开并包含在以下权利要求中的实施例更广泛。
此外，虽然结合某些特定实施例描述了一些特征，但是这些特征不限于仅与其描述的实施例一起使用。而是特定实施例的各方面可以与结合备选实施例公开的其他特征组合或替代。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于电辅助涡轮增压器的滚动元件轴承组件，所述轴承组件包括：
内圈，具有限定内滚道的外径；
外圈，具有外径和内径，所述外圈内径限定外滚道；
所述内滚道和所述外滚道之间的单列滚动元件；
挤压油膜阻尼器，其与所述外圈集成以形成单个部件，所述挤压油膜阻尼器在所述外圈外径和壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面；以及
其中，所述外圈具有集成的端部止动凸缘，所述端部止动凸缘与所述外圈形成单个部件，所述端部止动凸缘限定了所述挤压油膜阻尼器表面的沿径向延伸的连续边界，所述滚动元件轴承组件围绕所述电辅助涡轮增压器的轴设置。
2.如权利要求1所述的轴承组件，进一步包括所述外圈中的油喷射器。
3.如权利要求1所述的轴承组件，其中，所述端部止动凸缘配置为与所述壳体接合。
4.如权利要求3所述的轴承组件，其中，所述端部止动凸缘包括配置为与所述壳体接合的防旋转特征件。
5.如权利要求3所述的轴承组件，其中所述端部止动凸缘通过卡环附接到所述外圈。
6.如权利要求1所述的轴承组件，进一步包括与所述外圈集成的端部止动凸缘。
7.如权利要求6所述的轴承组件，所述端部止动凸缘进一步包括配置为与所述壳体接合的防旋转特征件。
8.一种电辅助涡轮增压器，包括：
壳体；
涡轮机叶轮；
压缩机叶轮；
轴，其支撑在所述壳体中并使所述涡轮机叶轮和所述压缩机叶轮相互连接；
电动机，其设置在所述壳体中并可操作地联接到所述轴；以及
围绕所述轴的至少一个滚动元件轴承组件，所述至少一个滚动元件轴承组件包括：
内圈；
外圈；
所述内圈和所述外圈之间的多个滚动元件；
挤压油膜阻尼器，其集成在所述外圈中以便在所述外圈的外径和所述壳体之间提供挤压油膜阻尼器表面；以及
其中，所述外圈具有集成的端部止动凸缘，所述端部止动凸缘与所述外圈形成单个部件，所述端部止动凸缘限定了所述挤压油膜阻尼器表面的沿径向延伸的连续边界。
9.如权利要求8所述的涡轮增压器，进一步包括所述外圈中的油喷射器。
10.如权利要求8所述的涡轮增压器，其中，所述端部止动凸缘配置为与所述壳体接合。
11.如权利要求10所述的涡轮增压器，其中，所述端部止动凸缘包括配置为与所述壳体接合的防旋转特征件。
12.如权利要求10所述的涡轮增压器，其中所述端部止动凸缘通过卡环附接到所述外圈。
13.如权利要求8所述的涡轮增压器，进一步包括端部止动凸缘，所述端部止动凸缘与所述外圈集成并且配置为与所述壳体接合。
14.如权利要求11所述的涡轮增压器，其中所述端部止动凸缘的防旋转特征件包括配置为与防旋转销接合的销孔。
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