CN110526786A - Strawberry set meal fertilizer and fertilizing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of strawberry set meal fertilizer and fertilizing method, which includes base manure, field planting fertilizer, bud fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer composition；The weight percent that wherein effective component of organic nutrient accounts for organic fertilizer in base manure in base manure is respectively as follows: organic matter 45%, organic matter auxiliary material 3%, and living bacteria count >=200,000,000/gram；The effective component of inorganic nutrients accounts for the weight percent of inorganic fertilizer in base manure respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 12-14%, phosphorus 3-4%, potassium 3-5%, effective silicon 8-9%, calcium activated 12-13%, magnesium 3-3.5%.The effective component for being colonized fertilizer accounts for the weight percent of field planting fertilizer respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 17-18%, phosphorus 12-13.5%, potassium 12-13.5%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 hundred million/ml；The effective component of bud fertilizer is identical as field planting fertilizer；The effective component of swollen fruit fertilizer accounts for the weight percent of swollen fruit fertilizer respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 10-12%, phosphorus 8-10%, potassium 40-42%.The set meal fertilizer nutrient is balanced, formula science, increases substantially strawberry quality and yield.

Description

Strawberry set meal fertilizer and fertilizing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of strawberry set meal is fertile and using strawberry set meal fertilizer Fertilizing method.

Technical background

Strawberry is herbaceos perennial, is the higher small berries of economic value, and appearance is bright-coloured, fragrant succulence, taste Sweet and sour taste is rich in vitamin and mineral, and nutritive value with higher is loved by consumers, and is considered as treasure in fruit, It is known as " fruit queen ".Strawberry is adaptable, and happiness temperature is resistance to cool, and is suitble to southern area Winter Cultivation and recreational tourism picking. Strawberry industry promotes growth of agricultural efficiency, increasing peasant income to be made that significant contribution abundant and stable market for farm products supply.But in reality Random when using the inputs such as fertilizer, pesticide with the presence of part farmer in the production of border, planting site shortage in part meets The iirigation water source of edible agricultural product production requirement, strawberry quality security problem are prominent.

Based on strawberry is usually produced with facility plastic greenhouse, and entire breeding time needs persistently to put into a large amount of fertilizer to meet battalion Needed for health length and reproductive growth.A large amount of fertilizers input can not only reduce the quality of strawberry, shorten strawberry storage time, and It also will cause soil salt accumulation, and plantation will cause soil secondary salinization throughout the year, especially in the old producing region of some strawberries, soil Earth secondary salinization problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and produces tremendous influence to the yield and quality of strawberry, seriously affects the receipts of certain kind of berries agriculture Benefit threatens the benefit of strawberry production and the sustainable development of Strawberry industry.

In view of above-mentioned deficiency, a kind of specific aim is relatively strong, nutrition sufficiently meets strawberry growth needs, adjust soil acidity or alkalinity, The special fertilizer scientific formula for promoting soil fertility level, while can reducing chemical fertilizer investment again is badly in need of in current industry.

Summary of the invention

Based on above-mentioned analysis, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Special fertilizer for strawberries, nutrient is balanced, formula is scientific, Specificity is strong, fertilizer efficiency is high, meets Strawberry Growth demand, increases substantially strawberry quality and yield, repairs improvement soil Environment.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing methods of above-mentioned strawberry set meal fertilizer, being capable of effective conditioned soil Earth adjusts soil acidity or alkalinity, optimizes the fertilizer efficiency of set meal fertilizer.The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions Come what is realized:

A kind of strawberry set meal fertilizer, including base manure, field planting fertilizer, bud fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer.

Further, the weight percent that the effective component of organic nutrient accounts for organic fertilizer in base manure in the base manure is distinguished Are as follows: organic matter 45%, organic matter auxiliary material 3%, living bacteria count >=200,000,000/gram；The effective component of inorganic nutrients is distinguished in terms of pure nutrient Account for the weight percent of inorganic fertilizer in base manure are as follows: nitrogen 12-14%, phosphorus 3-4%, potassium 3-5%, effective silicon 8-9%, calcium activated 12- 13%, magnesium 3-3.5%.

Further, the effective component of the field planting fertilizer accounts for the weight percent of field planting fertilizer respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 17-18%, phosphorus 12-13.5%, potassium 12-13.5%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 hundred million/ml.

Further, weight percent of the effective component of the bud fertilizer to account for field planting fertilizer respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: Nitrogen 17-18%, phosphorus 12-13.5%, potassium 12-13.5% and effective active bacterium >=0.5 hundred million/ml liquid composite microbial bacterial manure and The trace element water-soluble fertilizer of zinc 42g/L, boron 42g/L, manganese 12g/L, iron 2.5g/L, copper 1.5g/L.

Further, the effective component of the swollen fruit fertilizer accounts for the weight percent of swollen fruit fertilizer respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 10-12%, phosphorus 8-10%, potassium 40-42% and free amino acid 100g/L, the Water soluble fertilizer containing amino acid of calcium 30g/L.

Further, the effective component of the field planting fertilizer accounts for the percentages of respective weight with pure nutrient, further includes 0.2% potassium fulvate, 0.04% zinc and 0.02% boron.

Further, the effective component of the bud fertilizer accounts for the percentages of respective weight with pure nutrient, further includes 0.2% potassium fulvate, the zinc of 42g/L, the boron of 42g/L, the manganese of 12g/L, the iron of 2.5g/L and the copper of 1.5g/L.

Further, the effective component of the swollen fruit fertilizer accounts for the percentages of respective weight with pure nutrient, further includes 0- 0.05% zinc, the boron of 0.2-0.25%, the calcium of 0-0.1% and 0.07-0.21% magnesium.

Further, in the base manure organic matter auxiliary material include 3% weight ratio active humic acid.

Further, the effective component of the inorganic nutrients of the base manure accounts for the weight of inorganic fertilizer in the base manure with pure nutrient Percentage is measured, further includes the middle trace element fertilizer of 20-25%.

Further, the middle trace element fertilizer includes that pure nutrient weight ratio is followed successively by 8-9:12-13:3-3.5:0- 0.05, the silicon of 0.2-0.25, calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron.

Further, the boron is made of boron fertilizer, boric acid, four hydration one or more of eight Boratexes, the zinc by One or more of zinc sulfate, zinc sulphide, chelated zinc are constituted.

The invention also discloses a kind of fertilizing method of strawberry set meal fertilizer described in above-mentioned any one, the fertilizing method packets Include following steps:

10-15 days before strawberry field planting, base manure 350-400kg/ mus is applied, wherein 300kg/ containing organic fertilizer mus；15 after field planting It is 13-15kg/ mus that it, which applies the field planting fertilizer amount,；25-30 days 13-15kg/ mus of the application bud fertilizer after field planting；After field planting Swollen 10-12kg/ mus of fruit fertilizer of application in 45-50 days；10-12kg/ mus of swollen fruit fertilizer is applied after each batch of strawberry picking.

Further, each batch of strawberry picked after be both needed to apply swollen fruit fertilizer again.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

According to strawberry in different growth phases, for the changes in demand of fertilizer, each active constituent content of Rational Application is different Base manure, field planting fertilizer, bud fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer meet the needs of strawberry is to nutriment, nutrient balance, formula science, specificity By force, fertilizer efficiency is high, promotes bud differentiation number, the yield, pol of strawberry, improves soil environment, adjusts soil acidity or alkalinity, promotes soil Fertility.Product quality is improved, and every per mu yield is thrown than 3.9:1, and the yield and economic benefit of strawberry are improved.Simultaneously required for strawberry Fertilizer is less, can effectively improve soil, adjusts P in soil H, enhances the fertility of soil.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the bud differentiation number comparison diagram of comparative example and embodiment；

Fig. 2 is the single fruit weight comparison of comparative example and embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the pol comparison of comparative example and embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the soil pH value comparison of comparative example and embodiment；

Fig. 5 is the soil fertility comparison of comparative example and embodiment.

Specific embodiment

It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase Product.

The strawberry set meal fertilizer and its fertilizing method of the embodiment of the present invention are specifically described below.

Firstly the need of it is clear that, it is reference that the present invention, which limits the component of complex fertilizer in such a way that pure nutrient is demarcated, To the calculation of nutrient in national standard " complex fertilizer GB15063-2009 ", " biological organic fertilizer NY 884-2012 ".

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when effective component is indicated in a manner of pure nutrient, except what can be absorbed by plants It further include the carrier elements such as carbon, hydrogen in fertilizer outside pure nutrient, pure nutrient and carrier element collectively form the weight of fertilizer.At this It invents and carrier element is not specifically limited in the strawberry set meal fertilizer provided.

A kind of strawberry set meal fertilizer, including base manure, field planting fertilizer, bud fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer；By rational formula, can be filled after application Divide and meet different needs of the strawberry in different growing stage to nutrition, and improve soil physico-chemical property, it is living to promote edaphon Property, improve utilization rate of fertilizer；Enhance photosynthesis, improve photosynthetic production accumulation and the transport to reproductive organs, promotes strawberry raw Long development and yield composition, improve strawberry quality.

Test chooses ground and is located at Sichuan Province's Yibin City Jiangan County Tongzi town, belongs to the gentle climatic province in subtropical zone, has a moderate climate, heat Amount is sufficient, and air humidity is big；For trying soil category purple soil, soil-forming rock is the sandy soil stabilizer and Soil Developed From Suining Group and the 4th of Jurassic system It is broken product, earth in topsoil quality chiltern, soil fertility is general.

Same kind crop: strawberry is chosen in test (kind is beauty)

The processing of experimental plot same procedure: 2 processing of test setting, 2 repetitions are 50 meters of zone leader, 4 meters wide, and 200 squares of area Rice, culturable standard are 20 centimetres of 40 cm x.0.4 meter of alley spacing of test.Make 1 meter of wide working path between cell processing, per small Area plants 1500 plants, and folding mu plants 5000 plants.Cultivation management measure other than test process content is implemented by large area production, and controls Unanimously.The identical measure of every cell is completed on the same day.

Comparative example (below all with 1. replace)

Traditional conventional fertilizer application: base manure mu is with 100 kilograms of oil cake, 25 kilograms of compound fertilizer (15-15-15)；Transplant planting chases after after 15 days 7.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) is applied, is spaced 10 days imposes 7.5 kilograms of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) again later；Between two chase after afterwards 10 kilograms of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) was imposed every 15 days；Every 20 days later impose compound fertilizer (15-15-15) 20 before lid black film Kilogram；The strawberry best fruiting period starts to apply 2.5 kilograms of high potassic fertilizer (10-8-42+TE), and treasured is applied in punching, and (strawberry is dedicated, containing mostly viscous gemma Bacillus and bacillus licheniformis, effective active bacterium >=2.0 hundred million/milliliter, product execute standard GB20287-2006) 5 kilograms；Later Apply 2.5 kilograms of high potassic fertilizer (10-8-42+TE) again after first batch, second batch of strawberry have been picked respectively, precious (grass is applied in punching The certain kind of berries is dedicated, contains bacillus polymyxa and bacillus licheniformis, effective active bacterium >=2.0 hundred million/milliliter, and product executes standard GB20287-2006) 5 kilograms.

Embodiment (below all with 2. replace)

Strawberry set meal fertilizer: in September completion strawberry field planting on the 30th, 358kg/ mus of (organic fertilizers of 10-15 days application base manure before strawberry is colonized 300kg/ mus of material)；The field planting of application in 15 days fertilizer amount is 14kg/ mus after field planting；25-30 days 14kg/ mus of the application bud fertilizer after field planting； Swollen 10kg/ mus of fruit fertilizer of the application in 45-50 days after field planting；10kg/ mus of swollen fruit fertilizer is applied after each batch of strawberry picking.Strawberry cultivating Under August base fertilizer on the 15th, September transplant planting on the 30th, first batch of picking assessment on January 29.

Comparative example and embodiment make Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry comparison, and as a result see Table 1 for details:

Table 1: Flower Bud Differentiation of Strawberry contrast table unit: a

。

The bud differentiation it is found that the 2. processing of application strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme is averaged according to table 1 and Fig. 1 result Number is higher than the 1. processing of traditional conventional fertilizer application, handles average bud differentiation number 2. than handling 1. more 0.6/plant, compares control group It is high by 18.87%.

Comparative example and embodiment make yield of strawberry comparison, and as a result see Table 2 for details:

Table 2: yield of strawberry contrast table unit: gram, kg/acre

。

Note: 5000/ mu of strain number, single plant commodity fruit is in terms of 10.

According to table 2 and Fig. 2 result it is found that recording in terms of result from observation, strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme energy is applied Increase strawberry single fruit weight, handles mean fruit weight 2. than handling 1. more 1.89 grams, mu increases production 94.5 kilograms, volume increase 6.87%.

Comparative example and embodiment make the comparison of strawberry pol, and as a result see Table 3 for details:

Table 3: strawberry pol contrast table (unit: Baume degrees)

。

According to table 3 and Fig. 3 result it is found that from testing and analyzing in data, the grass of strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme Certain kind of berries pol is higher by 0.82 than the strawberry pol of traditional conventional fertilizer application, is higher by control group 10.05%.(table 3 and Fig. 3).

Comparative example and embodiment make P in soil H comparison, and as a result see Table 4 for details:

Table 4: P in soil H contrast table

。

According to table 4 and Fig. 4 result it is found that the 2. processing soil pH of application strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme is obviously excellent In the 1. processing of traditional conventional fertilizer application, the soil pH handled 2. is 6.4, and relatively processing is 1. high by 0.7, is illustrated using the strawberry time of infertility Nutrient combo is conducive to promote soil fertility level, adjusts soil acidity or alkalinity.

Comparative example and embodiment are made soil fertility processing and are compared, and as a result see Table 5 for details:

Table 5: soil fertility contrast table

。

According to table 5 and Fig. 5 result it is found that the 2. processing soil fertility of application strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme is better than The 1. processing of traditional conventional fertilizer application, the soil fertility handled 2. is 4.5, and relatively processing is 1. high by 0.5, is illustrated using the strawberry time of infertility The utilization rate of fertilizer of nutrient combo can be absorbed and utilized by plant well after application better than control, remain fertilizer in the soil It is few compared with control.

Comparative example and embodiment are made the resistance to storage property of strawberry and are compared:

It picks seventy percent half-mature (not damaged) the resistance to storage property of progress of strawberry to test, under normal temperature condition, test group strawberry can store 7 It；Refrigerator is placed, under conditions of 7 DEG C of temperature or so, test group strawberry can be stored 14 days；Control group strawberry mentions compared with test group strawberry It starts to decay within first 1-2 days spoiled.

Comparative example and embodiment make economic efficiency contrast, and as a result see Table 6 for details:

Table 6: economic efficiency contrast

。

Note: the full growth period commodity fruit selling price of red-color strawberries is in terms of average 30 yuan/kilogram；Strawberry time of infertility nutrition set Meal scheme fertilizer cost amounts to 1487.5 yuan/mu, traditional 757.5 yuan/mu of conventional fertilizer application fertilizer cost.

According to 6 result of table it is found that the 1. place of strawberry time of infertility nutrient combo scheme 2. handled than traditional conventional fertilizer application 2835 yuan of mu new output value of reason deducts 730 yuan of mu additional cost, and mu increases 2105 yuan of net income newly, produces to throw and compares 3.9:1.

The strawberry biological economic characters and yield for applying strawberry set meal fertilizer are superior to traditional fertilization, riotous growth, sturdy, mu 94.5 kilograms of volume increase, mu increase 2105 yuan of net income newly, produce and throw than 3.9:1, and maturation ahead of time, can list in advance；Strawberry entrance sweet tea Perfume (or spice), fruity is thick and heavy, and juice is more, and palatability is good；Strawberry set meal fertilizer is applied, is conducive to promote soil fertility level, adjusts soil acid Basicity achievees the purpose that soil remediation improvement, recycles, realize Agro-ecology, sustainable development while upgrading increases income Exhibition.

In conclusion the strawberry set meal fertilizer and fertilizing method, methodological science, Fertilizer nutrient ingredient of the embodiment of the present invention are equal Weighing apparatus, the two cooperate with each other collaboration, promote the growth and development of strawberry, significantly improve the quality and yield of strawberry, with splendid Economic value.

Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. a kind of strawberry set meal fertilizer, which is characterized in that the set meal fertilizer includes base manure, field planting fertilizer, bud fertilizer, swollen fruit fertilizer.

2. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the effective component of organic nutrient accounts in the base manure The weight percent of organic fertilizer is respectively as follows: organic matter 45% in base manure, organic matter auxiliary material 3%, and living bacteria count >=200,000,000/gram；Nothing The effective component of machine nutrient accounts for the weight percent of inorganic fertilizer in base manure respectively in terms of pure nutrient are as follows: nitrogen 12-14%, phosphorus 3-4%, Potassium 3-5%, effective silicon 8-9%, calcium activated 12-13%, magnesium 3-3.5%.

3. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the effective component of the field planting fertilizer is in terms of pure nutrient The weight percent of field planting fertilizer is accounted for respectively are as follows: nitrogen 17-18%, phosphorus 12-13.5%, potassium 12-13.5%, effective active bacterium >=0.5 hundred million/ ml。

4. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the effective component of the bud fertilizer is with pure nutrient Meter accounts for the weight percent of field planting fertilizer respectively are as follows: and nitrogen 17-18%, phosphorus 12-13.5%, potassium 12-13.5% and effective active bacterium >= The liquid composite microbial bacterial manure and zinc 42g/L of 0.5 hundred million/ml, boron 42g/L, manganese 12g/L, iron 2.5g/L, copper 1.5g/L Trace element water-soluble fertilizer.

5. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the effective component of the swollen fruit fertilizer is in terms of pure nutrient The weight percent of swollen fruit fertilizer is accounted for respectively are as follows: nitrogen 10-12%, phosphorus 8-10%, potassium 40-42% and free amino acid 100g/L, calcium The Water soluble fertilizer containing amino acid of 30g/L.

6. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the effective component of the field planting fertilizer is accounted for pure nutrient The percentages of respective weight, further include 0.2% potassium fulvate, 0.04% zinc and 0.02% boron.

7. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the effective component of the bud fertilizer is accounted for pure nutrient The percentages of respective weight, further include 0.2% potassium fulvate, the zinc of 42g/L, the boron of 42g/L, 12g/L manganese, 2.5g/ The iron of L and the copper of 1.5g/L.

8. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the effective component of the swollen fruit fertilizer is accounted for pure nutrient The percentages of respective weight, further include the calcium and 0.07-0.21% of the zinc of 0-0.05%, the boron of 0.2-0.25%, 0-0.1% Magnesium.

9. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that organic matter auxiliary material includes 3% weight in the base manure The active humic acid of ratio.

10. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the effective component of the inorganic nutrients of the base manure The weight percent that inorganic fertilizer in the base manure is accounted for pure nutrient further includes the middle trace element fertilizer of 20-25%.

11. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the middle trace element fertilizer includes pure nutrient weight Silicon, calcium, magnesium, zinc, boron of the amount than being followed successively by 8-9:12-13:3-3.5:0-0.05,0.2-0.25.

12. strawberry set meal fertilizer according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the boron is by boron fertilizer, boric acid, four eight boron of hydration One or more of sour sodium is constituted, and the zinc is made of one or more of zinc sulfate, zinc sulphide, chelated zinc.

13. a kind of fertilizing method of the strawberry set meal fertilizer as described in claim 1-12 any one, which is characterized in that the fertilising Method includes the following steps:

10-15 days before strawberry field planting, base manure 350-400kg/ mus is applied, wherein 300kg/ containing organic fertilizer mus；15 after field planting It is 13-15kg/ mus that it, which applies the field planting fertilizer amount,；25-30 days 13-15kg/ mus of the application bud fertilizer after field planting；After field planting Swollen 10-12kg/ mus of fruit fertilizer of application in 45-50 days；10-12kg/ mus of swollen fruit fertilizer is applied after each batch of strawberry picking.

14. fertilizing method according to claim 13, which is characterized in that each batch of strawberry picked after be both needed to apply again Swollen fruit fertilizer.