CN110512892B - Construction method for repairing existing ancient city wall - Google Patents
Construction method for repairing existing ancient city wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN110512892B CN110512892B CN201910816796.0A CN201910816796A CN110512892B CN 110512892 B CN110512892 B CN 110512892B CN 201910816796 A CN201910816796 A CN 201910816796A CN 110512892 B CN110512892 B CN 110512892B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method for repairing an existing ancient city wall, aiming at different damage conditions, measures such as T-shaped bar-planting tie measures, a mixed building interlocking technology of externally-wrapped manual blue bricks and lining machine red bricks, step-shaped ramming of an original soil body and ramming-up soil of the ancient city wall and the like are adopted, secondary damage to the ancient city wall is avoided, the ancient city wall repairing quality and the construction structure safety are ensured, the ancient city wall repairing does not affect cultural relic safety or generate potential safety hazards due to pursuing complete, attractive copying and patching of appearance, and the waste of resources is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a building repairing construction method, in particular to an existing ancient city wall repairing construction method.
Background
Ancient city walls are damaged in different degrees through long-term natural weathering erosion and artificial damage. Due to the weak protection, the damage of ancient city walls mainly has the following conditions: the surface of the wall is short of soda, the wall is wrapped by bricks and is lost (soil body is damaged locally), a plurality of residual rammed earth walls are dug and built with cave holes, the wall is lost integrally, and in addition, a plurality of rammed earth walls on the inner side and the outer side of some walls are dug and built with earth kilns.
In order to continue the historical veins and effectively protect the historical cultural heritage of the ancient city, the ancient city wall needs to be repaired. By adopting the traditional large-area demolishing and repairing method, the demolition force of the city wall is large, the material waste is serious, the structure safety is not easy to guarantee, and the most important point is that the historical original appearance is seriously damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for repairing an existing ancient city wall, so that the dismantling force is reduced, the original appearance of the city wall is protected, and secondary damage is avoided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a construction method for repairing an existing ancient city wall, which comprises the following steps:
treatment of alkali-tolerant exterior wall surfaces
(1) Treatment measure for individual shortenine conditions in middle and lower parts of urban wall
Reserving the brick shortcake with the alkali depth less than 2 cm; the crisp alkali with the depth of more than 2 cm is chiseled, dug and supplemented,
manually removing the whole brick of the shortcake by using a chisel, ensuring that the peripheral stubbles are well preserved, cleaning the brick in the range, watering and wetting the peripheral bricks, and finally building and pointing by using the white lime paste of the bricks with the same specification, and making the brick old along with the color;
(2) treatment measure for large-area crisp alkali and large-depth crisp alkali of bricks on upper part of urban wall
Removing the soda city bricks:
in order to avoid secondary damage to the ancient city wall, the dismantling range needs to be determined before dismantling, the brick stubbles around are guaranteed to be well preserved, the dismantling range is defined according to the basis that the depth of the shortcake exceeds 20mm and the area exceeds 15 square meters, and the brick stubbles are identified by chalk circles;
before dismantling, determining a T-shaped brick at the middle part, removing the smooth bricks around the T-shaped brick along a mortar joint by using a chisel, and cutting the protruded T-shaped brick by using a handheld cutting machine; cutting and removing the brick from the position to the periphery in a large area, and when removing the brick to a defined edge part, flicking the brick along a mortar joint along a removal range line by using a small chisel until the brick is loosened, and removing the crisp alkali brick;
after the dismantling is finished, cleaning a base layer, removing lime of the base layer, cutting and repairing the wall surface of the base layer, and spraying water for moistening;
secondly, manually dicing: after the surface alkali-cake layer is removed, the brick positions at the bottom of the removed wall surface are partitioned, namely partitioned by one brick, the next brick position is drilled along the mortar joint by a small chisel, and the upper and lower leather brick drilling positions are staggered;
clearing: cleaning the periphery of the excavated T-shaped bricks, and watering the periphery bricks to saturate the periphery bricks and make the periphery bricks more cohesive.
Fourthly, implanting flat steel: implanting flat steel at the mortar joint with the transverse spacing of 500mm and the vertical spacing of every 5 bricks;
repairing: building according to the original method for building the urban wall, wherein the whole brick patch is built at the position of the exposed part, and the half brick is built at the position of the exposed part;
(II) repairing measure for city wall with deletion of city brick and local damage of soil body
Carrying out GPS measurement and positioning according to the existing urban wall condition on site, and determining the original site of the urban wall; determining the position of a foundation according to the condition of an intact city wall, excavating a foundation trench of the existing city wall in a range expanded by 2.5 meters outwards, and searching and protecting the original foundation of the city wall;
original foundation cleaning, and building the urban wall after the building:
setting an angle picometric rod: manufacturing an angle leather number rod according to the angle of the city wall, arranging the leather number rod at the corner and the junction of the city wall brick masonry, and marking the brick leather number, the mortar joint thickness and the change part of the vertical structure on the leather number rod; aligning the wires at the upper edge lines of the bricks on the two opposite leather counting rods;
secondly, stone foundation masonry: the foundation is built by strip-shaped bluestone, stone polishing is carried out according to the gradient of a wall body after the building is finished, then white plaster pointing is carried out, and finally old finishing is carried out;
thirdly, building a wall body: the original ancient city wall is built by adopting strip bricks to perform 'plum blossom blocks';
fourthly, ramming and filling the lining brick wall and the city wall soil body: when the wall body is built, the brick masonry of the outer surface layer is built in layers and in sections, soil is filled in sections, the bricks are rammed in layers, and the brick masonry and rammed earthwork are alternately constructed.
(III) construction of newly-built city wall
And (3) handing over new and old city walls: the new wall and the old wall are connected by a building method, namely the old wall is disassembled into a step shape, the old wall is built layer by using the urban bricks with the same specification, the mortar joints of the new wall and the old wall are kept consistent and integrated, and the urban bricks used for building are in accordance with the sizes of the original urban bricks.
Building a wall body: the inner side of each 5 layers of outer-wrapped green brick plum butyl wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole; when in building, the outer wall of the urban wall is built firstly, and four layers of the green bricks are built in each process, and the height is not more than 0.5 m.
Soil body tamping:
ramming by paving lime soil layer by layer, wherein the thickness after ramming is about 120-;
when the next rammed soil layer is laid on the rammed layer which is excessively dehydrated and completely cemented, the laying thickness is increased to 200mm so as to prevent the rammed layer in the previous step from being damaged by vibration during ramming.
Furthermore, when the barred rock foundation is built, the processing thickness of the bluestone is consistent with the thickness of the existing bluestone with the same layer number, when the barred rock with the same layer number is all new bluestone, the processing thickness is 20cm and 15cm, and the barred rock foundation is built according to the design size of a drawing; the outside of the strip stone foundation is 8%, dry-mixed cement mortar is used for building, and the thickness of a mortar joint is 8-10 mm.
Furthermore, when the wall body is built, the exterior brick of the ancient city wall is built by adopting an imitation handmade bar brick with the specification of 420x210x80mm and a pure plaster pouring plum block building method according to the original method, the width of the mortar joint of each part is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the exterior brick is 210 mm. The lining brick wall adopts machine-made red bricks with the specification of 240x115x53mm, and the width and thickness of the mortar joint are less than or equal to 10 mm. According to the sizes of the outer-wrapped bricks and the lining wall bricks, the mortar joint thickness and the masonry method, the inner side of each 5 layers of the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole, so that the connection and integrity between the inner side and the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall are enhanced; because the thickness of the outer covering brick is 210mm, the T-shaped bricks of the plum blossom T-shaped wall are half bricks, and the 5 th T-shaped bricks of each 5 layers are integrally meshed with the lining brick wall.
Furthermore, when ramming layer soil is filled, original rammed soil is reserved on some residual walls, the differentiated dry and crisp soil layer on the surface layer of the original wall body is scraped off when the ramming layer soil is filled, the original rammed soil layer is exposed, steps are shoveled on the original rammed soil layer, so that the new and old soil bodies are tightly combined, and the water content of the material of the newly rammed part is controlled to be 14-16%.
The method for repairing the existing ancient city wall, which is adopted by the invention, sets specific measures of drawing out the T-shaped bar-planting and tying, a mixed building and interlocking technology of externally-wrapped manual blue bricks and lining machine red bricks, step-shaped tamping of original soil bodies and tamping-supplementing soil of the city wall and the like aiming at different damage conditions. The ancient city wall repairing method has the advantages that historical original appearance can be protected powerfully, meanwhile, diseases are eliminated and lightened to the greatest extent, secondary damage to the ancient city wall is avoided, ancient city wall repairing quality and construction structure safety are guaranteed, cultural relic safety is not affected or potential safety hazards are not generated due to the fact that completeness, attractive copying and complement of appearance are pursued in ancient city wall repairing, and waste of resources is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevation of a large area ancient city wall of shortenine.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the initial demolition position of the shortenine brick.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the original wall of the shortenine wall.
FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the shortcake soda wall removed.
FIG. 5 is a sectional plan view of the compartmented undercut.
FIG. 6 is a plan sectional view of the plant flat steel.
Fig. 7 is a plan sectional view of a city wall patch.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of repairing a wall in which a wall is lost or a soil is partially damaged.
1-middle part brick, 2-mortar joint, 3-inner city wall, 4-shortenine city wall, 5-nonsuperated alkali city wall, 6-mortar joint, 7-flat steel, 8-base wall brick, 9-building wall brick, 10-stone foundation, 11-imitation manual brick, 12-machine-made red brick, 13-existing city wall soil body, and 14-new rammed soil body.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an existing ancient city wall restoration construction method, which comprises the following steps: status quo investigation → site cleaning and preparation → repair construction → acceptance.
First, the status quo survey
According to the field survey, the damage of ancient city walls is found to be in the following three conditions: shortenings on the surface of the city wall, the loss of bricks outside the city wall (local damage of soil), the digging and building of kiln holes at multiple positions of the residual rammed earth wall and the overall loss of the city wall.
Second, cleaning and preparing on site
(1) When the road is built, the whole ground is raised, part of the wall body is buried in the soil body, and the ground elevation is reduced to the original height by adopting an excavator and manpower. And (4) dismantling surrounding illegal buildings, structures and infrastructure, and cleaning weeds and garbage.
(2) And (3) plugging the cave: because of the weak protection, a plurality of positions of the rammed earth walls inside and outside the city walls are dug into earth kilns for living. The treatment measures are as follows: and (4) performing solid blocking by using the organic red bricks.
When plugging is carried out, from inside to outside and from bottom to top, the height of the plugging is 500mm, the width of the plugging is 500mm, and the plugging is carried out layer by taking a building unit (the height of the first layer is 1000 mm), and straight raft occlusion is left between every two building units. Obliquely inserting bricks at the joint of the side wall of the arc part at the upper part of the cave and the brickwork at the top, and densely filling mortar at the pore; oblique stubbles are left when bricks on the outermost side of the cave dwelling and are occluded with red bricks of the lining machine of the city wall, so that the integral firmness of the city wall is ensured.
Third, repair construction
1. Treatment measure for alkali condition of urban wall exterior crisp
The conditions of urban exterior shortenings mainly exist in two main categories: one is the small-area individual soda case mainly in the middle and lower part of the city wall; the other type mainly exists in the case of large-area brick shortenings on the upper part of a city wall and the shortenings are deep. The main measures taken are as follows:
(1) treatment measure for individual shortenine conditions in middle and lower parts of urban wall
The crunchy alkali condition is generally relatively dispersed and does not form an integral piece. The treatment measures are two according to different crisp alkali depths: firstly, reserving the brick shortcake with the alkali depth less than 2 cm; secondly, the depth of the crisp alkali exceeds 2 cm for chiseling, digging and supplementing. In the second case, the whole brick of the shortcake is manually removed by a chisel, the brick stubbles around the brick are well preserved, the brick is cleaned in the range, the brick blocks around the brick are watered and moistened to ensure that the brick blocks around the brick are saturated and have better cohesiveness, and the brick is finally laid and caulked by white lime paste of the same specification and made old along with color.
(2) Treatment measure for large-area crisp alkali and large-depth crisp alkali of bricks on upper part of urban wall
The main construction process comprises the following steps: demolishing the shortbread soda town brick (depth 420 mm) → manual clearing (depth 210mm) → cleaning → repairing.
Firstly, removing the shortcake alkali city bricks (the depth is 210mm, namely the whole bricks on the outer surface of the city wall are removed along the bricks, and the brick is removed by half brick):
in order to avoid secondary damage to the ancient city wall, the dismantling range needs to be determined before dismantling, and the complete preservation of the brick stubbles around is ensured. According to the scheme, the removal range is defined according to the shortenine depth of more than 20mm and the area of more than 15 square meters, and the chalk is used for identifying the square meters, which is detailed in figures 1 and 3.
Before dismantling, determining a T-shaped brick 1 at the middle part of the shortenine area, and removing the smooth bricks at the periphery of the T-shaped brick along a mortar joint 2 by using a chisel. The raised T-tiles were cut with a hand held small cutter. And cutting and removing the large area from the position to the periphery by the method. When the bricks are removed to the defined edge part, a small chisel is used for flicking along the lime joint along the removal range line until the bricks are loosened, and the crisp alkali bricks are removed, which is shown in detail in figures 2 and 4.
And after the dismantling is finished, cleaning the base layer, removing lime of the base layer, cutting and repairing the base layer wall surface, and spraying water for moistening.
Secondly, manually digging the blocks (the depth is 210 mm): after the surface alkali-cake layer is removed, at the removed positions of the butyl bricks (one brick is built along one brick), the butyl bricks are separated and dug, namely the butyl bricks are separated, the next butyl brick position is dug along the lime joint by a small chisel, the depth is 210mm, and the hollowing positions of the upper leather brick and the lower leather brick are staggered, which is shown in detail in figure 5.
Clearing: cleaning the periphery of the excavated tiles, and then watering the periphery tiles (so that the periphery tiles are saturated and have more cohesiveness).
Fourthly, implanting flat steel: referring to fig. 6 in detail, flat steel (50 x 5) is implanted at the mortar joint with the transverse spacing of 500mm and the vertical spacing of every 5 bricks, the base layer is implanted with the flat steel which is cleaned to 300mm deep and leaks 100mm for being pressed and laid by new bricks.
And 5, building supplement: in detail, as shown in figure 7, the new-built city wall is built according to the original city wall building method (one-step building), the whole brick patch is built at the position of the exposed position, and the half brick is built at the position of the exposed position, so that the stable tying and the integral appearance effect of the new-built city wall and the old city wall are ensured.
2. Repairing measure for urban wall with deletion of urban brick and local damage of soil body
(1) And carrying out GPS measurement and positioning according to the existing urban wall condition on site, and determining the original site of the urban wall.
(2) And determining the position of a foundation according to the condition of the intact city wall, and excavating a foundation trench of the existing soil wall in a range of expanding 2.5 meters outwards to search and protect the original foundation of the city wall.
(3) And cleaning the original foundation, and building the urban wall after the original foundation is repaired.
Setting an angle picometric rod: the angle pole is made according to the angle of the city wall (the wall surface of the outer city wall is divided into 15 percent, and the wall surface of the inner city wall is divided into 10 percent). The corner and junction of the city wall brick masonry are provided with a leather number rod, and the leather number rod is provided with a brick leather number, mortar joint thickness and a change part of a vertical structure. The pitch of the pith rod should not be greater than 15 m. And drawing the alignment line at the upper edge line of the brick on the two opposite leather counting rods. Carefully and carefully leveling the elastic line; the pole is firm and reliable to prevent the collision. After the pole with the skin number is erected, the height of the pole with the skin number is checked again to ensure that the height of the pole with the skin number is consistent.
Secondly, building the stone foundation 10: the strip stone foundation 10 is built by strip bluestones 11, the processing thickness of the bluestones is consistent with the thickness of the existing bluestones with the same layer number, the processing thickness of the strip stones with the same layer number is 20cm and 15cm when the strip stones with the same layer number are all newly built bluestones, and the strip stone foundation is built according to the design size of a drawing. The outside of the strip stone foundation is 8%, dry-mixed cement mortar is used for building, and the thickness of a mortar joint is 8-10 mm. And after the masonry is finished, stone polishing is carried out according to the gradient of the wall body, then pointing is carried out by lime cream, and finally, the wall body is made old.
Thirdly, building a wall body: the original ancient city wall is built by 'plum blossom blocks' by adopting manual bar bricks with the specification of 420x210x80mm, and the width of each part of the mortar joint is 6-8 mm. In the process of building the wall, the method is consistent with the appearance building method of the existing ancient city wall, and meanwhile, the purpose of saving cost is achieved.
The adopted masonry method comprises the following steps: the ancient city wall outer-coated brick is constructed by imitating manual bar bricks 11 according to the specification of 420x210x80mm and adopting a pure mortar splashing 'plum blossom' construction method according to the original method, the width of the mortar joint of each part is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the outer-coated brick is 210 mm. The lining brick wall adopts the machine-made red brick 12 with the specification of 240x115x53mm, and the width and thickness of the mortar joint are less than or equal to 10 mm. According to the sizes of the outer-wrapped bricks and the lining wall bricks, the mortar joint thickness and the masonry method, the inner side of each 5 layers of the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole, and the connection and integrity between the inner side of each 5 layers of the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall and the lining bricks are enhanced. Because the thickness of the outer covering brick is 210mm, the T-shaped bricks of the plum blossom T-shaped wall are half bricks, and the 5 th T-shaped bricks of each 5 layers are integrally meshed with the lining brick wall.
Wherein, the construction mixing proportion and the stirring time are strictly executed for stirring the slurry, the slurry is stirred and used at any time and is stored in a small amount as much as possible, the consistency of the mortar is controlled, the mortar joint is ensured to be full and neat, and the wall surface of the clear water is clean and tidy without slurry suspension.
Fourthly, ramming and filling the lining brick wall and the city wall soil body: when the wall body is built, the brick masonry on the outer surface layer is built in layers and sections at the same time, then new rammed soil 14 is filled between the existing urban wall soil 13 and the brick masonry in sections, the earth is rammed in layers (the water content of the backfilled soil is controlled, the earth is rammed by a wood hammer, and the earth is rammed along with the building), and the brick masonry and rammed earth are alternately constructed, and the detailed figure is 8.
The arrangement distance of the urban wall lining brick wall on the plane, the depth of the rib wall and the like are adjusted according to the preservation condition and the reinforcement requirement of the residual soil wall body. The lining brick wall, the rib wall and the urban wall soil body are prevented from being jointed with each other to the greatest extent, so that the lining brick wall, the rib wall and the urban wall soil body are tightly jointed with each other, peach blossom grout is fully poured into necessary parts, and the local hollow phenomenon is avoided.
3. Construction of newly-built city wall
(1) And (3) handing over new and old city walls: the new wall and the old wall are connected by a building method, namely the old wall is disassembled into a step shape, the old wall is built layer by using the urban bricks with the same specification, the mortar joints of the new wall and the old wall are kept consistent and integrated, and the urban bricks used for building are in accordance with the sizes of the original urban bricks.
(2) The concrete construction method of wall masonry is the same as the construction method 2-third, namely, the inner side of each 5 layers of externally-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole. When in building, the wall body at the outer side of the urban wall is built firstly, four layers of the green bricks are built in each process, the height is not more than 0.5m, the wall is built on the day, and the wall core cannot be tamped by the filling soil on the day.
(3) And (3) constructing the special-shaped folding corners of the newly-built city wall: wall bricks at the special-shaped folding corners of the newly-built city wall are processed and customized on site according to the folding angles, and the customized opposite-nature folding corner bricks are used at every other folding corner during building, so that the phenomenon of joint penetration at the folding corners is prevented.
(4) Soil body tamping
Mixing the uniformly lime-soil according to the design proportion, laying and tamping in layers, wherein the thickness of each layer of virtual pavement is not more than 250mm, the thickness after tamping is about 120-150 mm, tamping by using a frog-type tamping machine, tamping by one tamping and half tamping, and activating two sides. And (3) manually tamping the parts which cannot be tamped, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the tamping hammer is 200-220 mm, one-point tamping and three-point tamping are adopted, the parts which are not tamped between the tamping pits are repeatedly thrown into the pits one-point tamping and two-point tamping, the parts which are not tamped between the tamping pits are tamped by the steps of one-point tamping and three-point tamping, the surfaces of the parts which are not tamped after being survived have no virtual soil and rubber soil, the tamping marks are obvious, and the.
After each tamping is finished, rain-proof and sun-proof measures are taken during the tamping stopping period, water bubbles are strictly forbidden within 3 days after tamping, and water is sprayed for maintenance when the temperature is too high (more than 30 ℃).
When the next rammed soil layer is laid on the rammed layer which is excessively dehydrated and completely cemented, the laying thickness is increased to 200mm so as to prevent the rammed layer in the previous step from being damaged by vibration during ramming.
The mixed lime-soil material must be paved and tamped on the same day, and is strictly forbidden to be tamped at night.
When ramming layer soil is filled, original rammed soil is left on some residual walls, and when the rammed soil is filled, the differentiated dry and crisp soil layer on the surface layer of the original wall body needs to be scraped off to expose the original rammed soil layer, and steps are shoveled on the original rammed soil layer, so that the new soil body and the old soil body are tightly combined. The water content of the material of the newly rammed part is properly reduced to prevent overlarge gaps caused by volume reduction after water evaporation, the water content is generally controlled to be 14-16%, and the ramming frequency is preferably three times.
Claims (4)
1. A construction method for repairing an existing ancient city wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
treatment of alkali-tolerant exterior wall surfaces
(1) Treatment measure for individual shortenine conditions in middle and lower parts of urban wall
Reserving the brick shortcake with the alkali depth less than 2 cm; the crisp alkali with the depth of more than 2 cm is chiseled, dug and supplemented,
manually removing the whole brick of the shortcake by using a chisel, ensuring that the peripheral stubbles are well preserved, cleaning the brick in the range, watering and wetting the peripheral bricks, and finally building and pointing by using the white lime paste of the bricks with the same specification, and making the brick old along with the color;
(2) treatment measure for large-area crisp alkali and large-depth crisp alkali of bricks on upper part of urban wall
Removing the soda city bricks:
in order to avoid secondary damage to the ancient city wall, the dismantling range needs to be determined before dismantling, the brick stubbles around are guaranteed to be well preserved, the dismantling range is defined according to the basis that the depth of the shortcake exceeds 20mm and the area exceeds 15 square meters, and the brick stubbles are identified by chalk circles;
before dismantling, determining a T-shaped brick at the middle part, removing the smooth bricks around the T-shaped brick along a mortar joint by using a chisel, and cutting the protruded T-shaped brick by using a handheld cutting machine; cutting and removing the brick from the position to the periphery in a large area, and when removing the brick to a defined edge part, flicking the brick along a mortar joint along a removal range line by using a small chisel until the brick is loosened, and removing the crisp alkali brick;
after the dismantling is finished, cleaning a base layer, removing lime of the base layer, cutting and repairing the wall surface of the base layer, and spraying water for moistening;
secondly, manually dicing: after the surface alkali-cake layer is removed, the brick positions at the bottom of the removed wall surface are partitioned, namely partitioned by one brick, the next brick position is drilled along the mortar joint by a small chisel, and the upper and lower leather brick drilling positions are staggered;
clearing: cleaning the periphery of the excavated brick, and then watering and wetting the periphery bricks to saturate the periphery bricks and make the periphery bricks more cohesive;
fourthly, implanting flat steel: implanting flat steel at the mortar joint with the transverse spacing of 500mm and the vertical spacing of every 5 bricks;
repairing: building according to the original method for building the urban wall, wherein the whole brick patch is built at the position of the exposed part, and the half brick is built at the position of the exposed part;
(II) repairing measure for city wall with deletion of city brick and local damage of soil body
Carrying out GPS measurement and positioning according to the existing urban wall condition on site, and determining the original site of the urban wall; determining the position of a foundation according to the condition of an intact city wall, excavating a foundation trench of the existing city wall in a range expanded by 2.5 meters outwards, and searching and protecting the original foundation of the city wall;
original foundation cleaning, and building the urban wall after the building:
setting an angle picometric rod: manufacturing an angle leather number rod according to the angle of the city wall, arranging the leather number rod at the corner and the junction of the city wall brick masonry, and marking the brick leather number, the mortar joint thickness and the change part of the vertical structure on the leather number rod; aligning the wires at the upper edge lines of the bricks on the two opposite leather counting rods;
secondly, stone foundation masonry: the foundation is built by strip-shaped bluestone, stone polishing is carried out according to the gradient of a wall body after the building is finished, then white plaster pointing is carried out, and finally old finishing is carried out;
thirdly, building a wall body: the original ancient city wall is built by adopting strip bricks to perform 'plum blossom blocks';
fourthly, ramming and filling the lining brick wall and the city wall soil body: when the wall body is built, the brick masonry on the outer surface layer is built in layers and sections at the same time, soil is filled in sections, ramming is carried out in layers, and the brick masonry and rammed earthwork are alternately constructed;
(III) construction of newly-built city wall
And (3) handing over new and old city walls: the new wall and the old wall are connected by a building method, namely the old wall is disassembled into a step shape and is built layer by using the urban bricks with the same specification, so that mortar joints of the new wall and the old wall are kept consistent and integrated, and the urban bricks used for building are in accordance with the sizes of the original urban bricks;
building a wall body: the inner side of each 5 layers of outer-wrapped green brick plum butyl wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole; when in building, the outer wall of the urban wall is built firstly, four layers of the green bricks are built in each process, and the height is not more than 0.5 m;
soil body tamping:
adopting lime-soil layered bedding and tamping, wherein the thickness is 120-;
when the next rammed soil layer is laid on the rammed layer which is excessively dehydrated and completely cemented, the laying thickness is increased to 200mm so as to prevent the rammed layer in the previous step from being damaged by vibration during ramming.
2. The existing ancient city wall restoration construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the barred rock foundation is built, the processing thickness of the bluestone is consistent with the thickness of the existing bluestone with the same layer number, when the barred rock with the same layer number is the new bluestone, the processing thickness is 20cm and 15cm, and the barred rock foundation is built according to the design size of a drawing; the outside of the strip stone foundation is 8%, dry-mixed cement mortar is used for building, and the thickness of a mortar joint is 8-10 mm.
3. The existing ancient city wall restoration construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: when a wall body is built, the exterior brick of the ancient city wall is built by adopting an imitation manual strip brick with the specification of 420x210x80mm and a pure plaster pouring plum block building method according to the original method, the thickness of the mortar joint of each part is 6-8 mm, and the thickness of the exterior brick is 210 mm; the lining brick wall adopts machine-made red bricks with the specification of 240x115x53mm, and the mortar joint thickness is less than or equal to 10 mm; according to the sizes of the outer-wrapped bricks and the lining wall bricks, the mortar joint thickness and the masonry method, the inner side of each 5 layers of the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall is changed into a concealed T-head brick and each 8 layers of lining bricks which are occluded into a whole, so that the connection and integrity between the inner side and the outer-wrapped blue brick plum-blossom-shaped wall are enhanced; because the thickness of the outer covering brick is 210mm, the T-shaped bricks of the plum blossom T-shaped wall are half bricks, and the 5 th T-shaped bricks of each 5 layers are integrally meshed with the lining brick wall.
4. The existing ancient city wall restoration construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when ramming layer soil is filled, the original rammed soil is left on some residual walls, the differentiated dry and crisp soil layer on the surface layer of the original wall body is scraped off when the ramming layer soil is filled, the original rammed soil layer is exposed, and steps are shoveled on the original rammed soil layer, so that the new and old soil bodies are tightly combined, and the water content of the material of the newly rammed part is controlled to be 14-16%.
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| CN113818710B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-07-07 | 新疆喀建建设工程有限公司 | Wall gap cleaning and protecting device for repairing ancient building |
| CN113187260A (en) * | 2021-04-18 | 2021-07-30 | 山东灵岩建设工程有限公司 | Application and method of high-strength fiber-free material in ancient city wall or section repair |
| CN114033213A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-11 | 山西五建集团有限公司 | Method for reinforcing urn-city deformed wall |
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