CN110499821B - Energy-saving ventilation structure of building and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving ventilation structure of building and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110499821B CN110499821B CN201910904651.6A CN201910904651A CN110499821B CN 110499821 B CN110499821 B CN 110499821B CN 201910904651 A CN201910904651 A CN 201910904651A CN 110499821 B CN110499821 B CN 110499821B
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 20
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- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101001017827 Mus musculus Leucine-rich repeat flightless-interacting protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/0025—Ventilation using vent ports in a wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/004—Natural ventilation using convection
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving ventilation structure of a building and an operation method thereof. The structure is composed of an adjustable baffle, a glass curtain wall air valve, a heat storage layer and a heat preservation layer; two air valves are arranged on the south wall of each building; the inner side and the outer side of the south wall of the building are provided with heat preservation layers and heat storage layers; each north wall of the building is provided with a north wall air valve which is positioned between two air valves on the same layer of the south wall of the building; the glass curtain wall is fixed on the ground and positioned on the south side of the south wall of the building; an adjustable baffle capable of rotating around a rotating shaft is arranged at the upper end of the glass curtain wall; the glass curtain wall is provided with glass curtain wall air valves, and the glass curtain wall air valves are positioned between two air valves on one layer of the south wall of the building; the building is provided with an inclined roof; the glass curtain wall, the south wall of the building, the adjustable baffle plate and the inclined roof form an additional sunlight room. The ventilation structure utilizes solar energy to combine the heat storage layer, the heat insulation layer and reasonable air valve layout to strengthen indoor air circulation and regulate indoor temperature in a small extent, so that building energy consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy-saving buildings, in particular to an energy-saving ventilation structure of a building and an operation method thereof.
Background
The theme of building energy conservation is gradually active in world stages after the occurrence of petroleum crisis, and reasonable utilization of solar energy in the building is one of the development directions of building energy conservation at present. The document of application number 201310168238.0 discloses a solar building heating and ventilation system which uses solar energy to achieve winter heating and summer ventilation of a house, but which does not take into account the ventilation conditions in the spring-summer transition season and the autumn-winter transition season. Although the energy-saving device is convenient to use and simple in structure, the energy-saving effect is to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an energy-saving ventilation structure for a building and an operation method thereof.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the structure is that the invention provides an energy-saving ventilation structure for a building, which is characterized by comprising an adjustable baffle, a glass curtain wall air valve, a heat storage layer and a heat preservation layer;
Two air valves are arranged on the south wall of each layer of building, namely a south wall ground air valve and a south wall roof air valve; an insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the south wall of the building; a heat storage layer is arranged on the outer side of the building south wall; each north wall of the building is provided with a north wall air valve which is positioned between two air valves on the same layer of the south wall of the building; the glass curtain wall is fixed on the ground, is positioned on the south side of the south wall of the building and is matched with the height of the building; the upper end of the glass curtain wall is provided with an adjustable baffle plate which can rotate around the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft; the glass curtain wall is provided with glass curtain wall air valves, and the glass curtain wall air valves are positioned between two air valves on one layer of the south wall of the building; the building is provided with an inclined roof; the glass curtain wall, the south wall of the building, the adjustable baffle plate and the inclined roof form an additional sunlight room.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the method is that the invention provides an operation method of an energy-saving ventilation structure of a building, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The operation method of the spring-summer transition season comprises the following steps: opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a north wall air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; the air in the additional sunlight room is heated by sunlight, the temperature is increased, the air density is reduced, ascending air flow is formed, and the suction force is generated, because the temperature of the north surface of the building is lower than that of the interior of the building and lower than that of the south surface of the building in the spring-summer transition season, the cold air entering the room from each layer of north wall air valve continuously enters the additional sunlight room through each layer of south wall ground air valve, so that the indoor air flows, the natural ventilation effect is achieved, and the indoor temperature can be properly reduced due to the introduction of the cold air;
the operation method in summer comprises the following steps:
When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, opening a glass curtain wall air valve, a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a north wall air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; at the moment, the outdoor air density is higher than the indoor air density, and air flow enters the room from the glass curtain wall air valve through the south wall and ground air valve of each layer, and then flows to the outside through the north wall air valve of each layer, so that natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing is formed, and the precooling effect is realized on the indoor air;
When the air valve of the glass curtain wall is opened and the rest air valve is closed during the operation of regulating the white sky in summer; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; the air flow hot-pressing principle is utilized to enable air sucked from the air valve of the glass curtain wall to enter an additional sunlight room, gas in the additional sunlight room is heated to form ascending air flow, and the ascending air flow is discharged to the outside through an air channel between the additional sunlight rooms, so that the temperature of a south wall of a building is effectively reduced, and the heat insulation effect is generated;
the operation method of autumn and winter transition seasons comprises the following steps:
in general, the adjustable baffle is put down to be in contact with the inclined roof, and the air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; when sunlight irradiates the additional sunlight room, heat energy of the sunlight is absorbed by the heat storage layer, air in the additional sunlight room is heated, the air flows into a room through the south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room through the south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb the solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed;
When fresh air or proper outdoor air temperature is needed, opening a glass curtain wall air valve, a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; the adjustable baffle is put down, and an air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; outdoor air flows into the additional sunlight room from the glass curtain wall air valve for heating, flows into the room through the south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room from the south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed, and the full fresh air heating is realized;
The running method in winter comprises the following steps: the adjustable baffle is put down, and an air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; all the air valves are closed, and a greenhouse is formed in the additional sunlight room; in the daytime, the sunlight irradiates to promote the air in the additional sunlight room and the heat storage layer to store heat, so that the temperature in the additional sunlight room is increased, the temperature difference between the indoor space and the additional sunlight room is reduced, the outward movement of indoor heat is blocked, and the heat conduction is reduced; at night, the outdoor temperature is reduced, and the air in the additional sunlight room and the heat storage layer supplement heat for the wall of the building, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The ventilation structure utilizes the glass curtain wall, the south wall of the building, the adjustable baffle and the inclined roof to form an additional sunlight room, utilizes solar energy to be combined with the heat storage layer, the heat insulation layer and reasonable air valve arrangement and layout to strengthen indoor air circulation and regulate indoor temperature in a small extent, realizes warm in winter and cool in summer, reduces the use of air conditioner and heat supply resources, can reduce building energy consumption in four seasons, and has remarkable energy-saving effect. Under proper climate conditions, natural ventilation can save 10% of refrigeration energy consumption and 15% of fan energy consumption each year.
(2) The indoor wind speed generated by the ventilation structure is small, so that people can not feel uncomfortable. Introducing natural fresh air can relieve air conditioner diseases, improve indoor air quality, improve indoor thermal comfort environment and improve human comfort level.
(3) By operating the ventilation structure, cold air can be introduced in the spring-summer transition season, natural ventilation is realized, and the indoor temperature is reduced, so that the cooling is delayed, and the use of an air conditioner is reduced; introducing cold air in the early morning and evening in summer, and pre-cooling the air to reduce the refrigeration load of the air conditioner; in autumn and winter transition seasons, the indoor temperature is increased by adopting a mode of circularly heating indoor air so as to reduce the use of heat supply resources, and the heating time can be delayed for rural areas and other areas with independent heating; in winter, the additional sunlight room, the heat storage layer and the heat preservation layer play a role in heat preservation and cold air isolation so as to improve the comfort level of a human body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rain gutter structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure operation of a spring and summer transition season according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of a summer season damper according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure operation of autumn and winter transition seasons according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure operation of fresh air introduced in autumn and winter transition seasons according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the winter construction operation of an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an adjustable baffle; 2. a rain gutter; 3. a rotating shaft; 4. glass curtain wall; 5. attaching a sunlight room; 6. a glass curtain wall air valve; 7. an inclined roof; 8. building a north wall; 9. a two-layer south wall roof air valve; 10. a heat storage layer; 11. building a south wall; 12. a heat preservation layer; 13. two-layer south wall ground air valve; 14. a layer of south wall roof air valve; 15. a layer of south wall ground air valve; 16. two layers of north wall air valves; 17. a north wall air valve.
Detailed Description
Specific examples of the present application are given below. The specific examples are provided only for further details of the present application and do not limit the scope of the claims.
The invention provides a building energy-saving ventilation structure (referred to as a ventilation structure for short, see fig. 1-2), which is characterized by comprising an adjustable baffle plate 1, a glass curtain wall 4, a glass curtain wall air valve 6, a wall air valve, a heat storage layer 10 and a heat preservation layer 12;
Two air valves are arranged on the south wall 11 of each layer of the building, namely a south wall ground air valve and a south wall roof air valve; the vertical height of the south wall ground air valve from the ground of the south wall of each layer of building is 20-50cm, and the vertical height of the south wall roof air valve from the roof of the south wall of each layer of building is 20-50cm; an insulating layer 12 is arranged on the inner side of the building south wall 11 and is positioned indoors; the outer side of the building south wall 11 is provided with a heat storage layer 10 which is positioned outdoors; the north wall 8 of each layer of the building is provided with a north wall air valve which is positioned between the two air valves of the same layer of the south wall 11 of the building (preferably positioned in the middle of the two air valves of the same layer of the south wall 11 of the building); the glass curtain wall 4 is fixed on the ground and positioned on the south side of the south wall 11 of the building and is matched with the height of the building; the upper end of the glass curtain wall 4 is provided with an adjustable baffle plate 1 which can rotate around the rotating shaft 3 through the rotating shaft 3; the glass curtain wall 4 is provided with a glass curtain wall air valve 6 for controlling the entry of air, and the glass curtain wall air valve is positioned between two air valves on one layer of a building south wall 11 (preferably positioned between two air valves on one layer of the building south wall 11 or at a vertical height of 1-1.6m from the ground on one layer of the building); the roof of the building is provided as a sloping roof 7, preferably with an inclination angle (i.e. an angle to the horizontal) of 40-60 °; the glass curtain wall 4, the building south wall 11, the adjustable baffle 1 and the inclined roof 7 form an additional sunlight room 5.
Preferably, the ventilation structure further comprises a rain gutter 2; the rain gutter 2 is arranged at the bottom of the inclined roof 7, is obliquely arranged along the east-west direction, is of a semi-cylindrical structure, is communicated with a drainage pipeline of a building at the tail part, is used for guiding the water flow direction, reducing the corrosion of rainwater to a wall body and preventing excessive water accumulation in the glass curtain wall 4.
The south wall 11 of the building is provided with a lighting window so as to ensure indoor lighting.
The thickness of the heat preservation layer 12 and the heat storage layer 10 is 5-10mm. The heat insulating layer 12 is made of polyurethane foam. The heat storage layer 10 is a phase change heat storage material, specifically an organic alcohol or the like.
The building typically has a floor height of 2.8-3.6m.
The invention also provides an operation method (short for method) of the energy-saving ventilation structure of the building, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Method of operation in the spring-summer transition season (see fig. 3): opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a north wall air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; the air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated by sunlight, the temperature is increased, the air density is reduced, ascending air flow is formed, and the suction force is generated, so that the cold air entering the room from the north wall air valve of each layer continuously enters the additional sunlight room 5 through the south wall air valve of each layer because the temperature of the north surface of the building is lower than that of the south surface of the building in the spring-summer transition season, the natural ventilation effect is achieved, the indoor temperature can be reduced by a small margin due to the introduction of the cold air, the cold supply time is delayed, and the cold supply period is shortened;
the operation method in summer comprises the following steps:
In the early morning and evening, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature (see fig. 4), the glass curtain wall air valves 6, the south wall ground air valves of each layer and the north wall air valves of each layer are opened, and the rest air valves are closed; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; at the moment, the density of outdoor air is larger than that of indoor air in the T outside and T inside, air flow enters the room from the glass curtain wall air valve 6 through the south wall and ground air valve of each layer, and then flows to the outside through the north wall air valve of each layer, so that natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing is formed, and the precooling effect is realized on the indoor air, so that the refrigeration load of an air conditioner is reduced;
When the air valve 6 of the glass curtain wall is opened and the rest air valve is closed during the operation of regulating the white sky in summer; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; the air sucked from the glass curtain wall air valve 6 enters the additional sunlight room 5 by utilizing the air flow hot-pressing principle, and the air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated to form ascending air flow which is discharged to the outside through an air channel of the additional sunlight room 5, so that the temperature of the building south wall 11 is effectively reduced, and the building south wall 11 has a heat insulation effect;
operation method of autumn and winter transition season (see fig. 5):
In general, the adjustable baffle 1 is put down to be in contact with the inclined roof 7, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed, so that a space which is not communicated with the outside is formed between the additional sunlight room 5; opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; when sunlight irradiates the additional sunlight room 5, heat energy of the sunlight is absorbed by the heat storage layer 10, air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated, the air flows into a room through a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room 5 through a south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb the solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed;
When fresh air or outdoor air temperature is required to be proper (see fig. 6), opening a glass curtain wall air valve 6, a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; the adjustable baffle plate 1 is put down, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed; outdoor air flows into the additional sunlight room 5 from the glass curtain wall air valve 6 for heating, flows into the room through the south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room 5 from the south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed, and the full fresh air heating is realized;
Winter operation method (see fig. 7): the outdoor temperature is lower, the adjustable baffle plate 1 is put down, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed; all the air valves are closed, and a greenhouse is formed in the additional sunlight room 5; during the daytime, the sunlight irradiates to promote the air in the additional sunlight room 5 and the heat storage layer 10 to store heat, so that the temperature in the additional sunlight room 5 is increased, the temperature difference between the indoor space and the additional sunlight room 5 is reduced, the outward movement of indoor heat is blocked, and the heat conduction is reduced; at night, the outdoor temperature is reduced, and the air in the additional sunlight room 5 and the heat storage layer 10 supplement heat for the wall of the building, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved.
Example 1
The building of the embodiment is of a two-layer structure, and each layer is 3m high; a layer of south wall ground air valves 15 are arranged at the position of 30cm from the vertical height of the first layer of ground of the south wall 11 of the building, and a layer of south wall roof air valves 14 are arranged at the position of 30cm from the vertical height of the first layer of roof; a second-layer south wall ground air valve 13 is arranged at a position 30cm away from the second-layer ground of the south wall 11 of the second-layer building, and a second-layer south wall roof air valve 9 is arranged at a position 30cm away from the second-layer roof; the north wall 8 of one layer of building is provided with a north wall air valve 17, which is positioned between the south wall ground air valve 15 and the south wall roof air valve 14, and the vertical distance between the north wall air valve and the south wall ground air valve 15 is 1.5m; the two-layer building north wall 8 of the building is provided with two-layer north wall air valves 16, which are positioned between the two-layer south wall ground air valves 13 and the two-layer south wall roof air valves 9, and the vertical distance between the two-layer south wall ground air valves 13 is 1.5m; the inner side and the outer side of the building south wall 11 are respectively provided with an insulation layer 12 and a heat storage layer 10, the thickness of each insulation layer is 5mm, the insulation layer 12 is made of polyurethane foam, and the heat storage layer 10 is made of organic alcohol. The glass curtain wall 4 is fixed on the ground and positioned on the south side of the south wall 11 of the building and is matched with the height of the building; the upper end of the glass curtain wall 4 is connected with the adjustable baffle 1 through a rotating shaft 3; the glass curtain wall 4 is provided with a glass curtain wall air valve 6 which is positioned between a south wall ground air valve 15 and a south wall roof air valve 14, and the distance between the two air valves is 1m; the roof of the building is an inclined roof 7 with a gradient of 45 degrees, a solar cell panel can be placed on the south of the inclined roof 7, and a rain groove 2 is formed in the bottom of the inclined roof; the glass curtain wall 4, the building south wall 11, the adjustable baffle plate 1 and the inclined roof 7 form an additional sunlight room 5; the adjustable flap 1 is opened parallel to the inclined roof 7.
Method of operation in the spring-summer transition season (see fig. 3): opening a first-layer south wall ground air valve 15, a second-layer south wall ground air valve 13, a second-layer north wall air valve 16 and a first-layer north wall air valve 17, and closing the rest air valves; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; the air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated by solar energy, the temperature is increased, the air density is reduced, ascending air flow is formed, and the suction force is generated, because the temperature of the north surface of the building is lower than that of the south surface of the building in the spring and summer transition season, the cold air entering the room through the two layers of north wall air valves 16 and the one layer of north wall air valves 17 continuously enters the additional sunlight room 5 through the one layer of south wall ground air valves 15 and the two layers of south wall ground air valves 13, so that the indoor air flows, the natural ventilation effect is achieved, the indoor temperature can be reduced slightly due to the introduction of the cold air, the cold supply time is delayed, and the cold supply period is shortened;
the operation method in summer comprises the following steps:
In the early morning and evening, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature (see fig. 4), the glass curtain wall air valve 6, the first-layer south wall ground air valve 15, the second-layer south wall ground air valve 13, the second-layer north wall air valve 16 and the first-layer north wall air valve 17 are opened, and the rest air valves are closed; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; at the moment, the outside of T is smaller than the inside of T, the outdoor air density is larger than the indoor air density, namely rho is larger than rho, air flow enters the room from the glass curtain wall air valve 6 through the first-layer south wall air valve 15 and the second-layer south wall air valve 13, and then flows to the outside through the first-layer north wall air valve 17 and the second-layer north wall air valve 16 to form natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing, and precooling is performed on the indoor air so as to reduce the refrigeration load of an air conditioner;
When the air valve 6 of the glass curtain wall is opened and the rest air valve is closed during the operation of regulating the white sky in summer; opening the adjustable baffle plate 1 and opening an air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5; the hot-pressing principle of air flow is utilized to enable the sucked air to enter the additional sunlight room 5, the air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated to form ascending air flow, and the ascending air flow is discharged to the outside through an air channel of the additional sunlight room 5, so that the temperature of the building south wall 11 is effectively reduced, and the building south wall is enabled to have a heat insulation effect;
operation method of autumn and winter transition season (see fig. 5):
In general, the adjustable baffle 1 is put down to be in contact with the inclined roof 7, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed, so that a space which is not communicated with the outside is formed between the additional sunlight room 5; the first-layer south wall ground air valve 15, the first-layer south wall roof air valve 14, the second-layer south wall ground air valve 13 and the second-layer south wall roof air valve 9 are opened, and the rest air valves are closed; when sunlight irradiates the additional sunlight room 5, heat energy of the sunlight is absorbed by the heat storage layer 10, air in the additional sunlight room 5 is heated, the air flows into a room through the first-layer south wall roof air valve 14 and the second-layer south wall roof air valve 9, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room 5 through the first-layer south wall ground air valve 15 and the second-layer south wall ground air valve 13 to absorb the solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed;
When fresh air or outdoor air temperature is required to be proper (see fig. 6), opening a glass curtain wall air valve 6, a first-layer south wall ground air valve 15, a first-layer south wall roof air valve 14, a second-layer south wall ground air valve 13 and a second-layer south wall roof air valve 9, and closing the rest air valves; the adjustable baffle plate 1 is put down, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed; outdoor air flows into the additional sunlight room 5 from the glass curtain wall air valve 6 for heating, flows into the room through the first-layer south wall roof air valve 14 and the second-layer south wall roof air valve 9, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room 5 from the first-layer south wall ground air valve 15 and the second-layer south wall ground air valve 13 for absorbing solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed, and the fresh air heating is realized;
Winter operation method (see fig. 7): the outdoor temperature is lower, the adjustable baffle plate 1 is put down, and the air channel outlet of the additional sunlight room 5 is closed; all the air valves are closed, and a greenhouse is formed in the additional sunlight room 5; during the daytime, the sunlight irradiates to promote the air in the additional sunlight room 5 and the heat storage layer 10 to store heat, so that the temperature in the additional sunlight room 5 is increased, the temperature difference between the indoor space and the additional sunlight room 5 is reduced, the outward movement of indoor heat is blocked, and the heat conduction is reduced; at night, the outdoor temperature is reduced, and the air in the additional sunlight room 5 and the heat storage layer 10 supplement heat for the wall of the building, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved.
In windy weather, in order to ensure the stability of the glass curtain wall structure and the safety of the building, the adjustable baffle plate 1 is put down to prevent the glass curtain wall 4 from being damaged due to the inflow of the windy air from the outlet of the inclined roof 7.
Through inspection, for a two-layer building, the indoor air temperature of a house adopting the ventilation structure in the transition seasons of spring and summer is lower than the outdoor air temperature by 1-2 ℃, and the upper air temperature is lower than the lower air temperature by 0.5-1 ℃.
Taking a room of one layer as an example, the indoor cooling load reduced by natural ventilation under 4-6 hours of hot pressing in summer is calculated to be 1.62KW, and the calculation process is as follows:
Δpb＝Δpa+gh(ρw-ρn)＝0.1764Pa，
m＝L×ρ＝0.54kg/s，
Q＝cmΔt＝1.0×0.54×3＝1.62kw，
wherein: Δp b is the internal and external pressure difference Pa of a layer of south wall ground air valve 15; Δp a is the internal and external pressure difference Pa of a layer of north wall air valve 17; h is the height difference between the center lines of the south wall surface air valve 15 and the north wall air valve 17, taking h=1.5m; ρ w is the outdoor air density, kg/m 3;ρn is the indoor air density, kg/m 3; f is the area of the air valve, taking f=1m 2; μ is the air valve flow coefficient, taking μ=0.8; ρ is the air density, kg/m 3; m is the mass flow of air, kg/s; q is the indoor cold load reduction amount, kw; c is the specific heat of air, KJ/(kg. DEG C); Δt is the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, DEG C.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (9)
1. The operation method of the energy-saving ventilation structure of the building is characterized in that the ventilation structure related to the operation method comprises an adjustable baffle, a glass curtain wall air valve, a heat storage layer and a heat preservation layer;
Two air valves are arranged on the south wall of each layer of building, namely a south wall ground air valve and a south wall roof air valve; an insulation layer is arranged on the inner side of the south wall of the building; a heat storage layer is arranged on the outer side of the building south wall; each north wall of the building is provided with a north wall air valve which is positioned between two air valves on the same layer of the south wall of the building; the glass curtain wall is fixed on the ground, is positioned on the south side of the south wall of the building and is matched with the height of the building; the upper end of the glass curtain wall is provided with an adjustable baffle plate which can rotate around the rotating shaft through the rotating shaft; the glass curtain wall is provided with glass curtain wall air valves, and the glass curtain wall air valves are positioned between two air valves on one layer of the south wall of the building; the building is provided with an inclined roof; the glass curtain wall, the building south wall, the adjustable baffle and the inclined roof form an additional sunlight room;
the operation method of the ventilation structure is as follows:
The operation method of the spring-summer transition season comprises the following steps: opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a north wall air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; the air in the additional sunlight room is heated by sunlight, the temperature is increased, the air density is reduced, ascending air flow is formed, and the suction force is generated, because the temperature of the north surface of the building is lower than that of the interior of the building and lower than that of the south surface of the building in the spring-summer transition season, the cold air entering the room from each layer of north wall air valve continuously enters the additional sunlight room through each layer of south wall ground air valve, so that the indoor air flows, the natural ventilation effect is achieved, and the indoor temperature can be properly reduced due to the introduction of the cold air;
the operation method in summer comprises the following steps:
When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, opening a glass curtain wall air valve, a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a north wall air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; at the moment, the outdoor air density is higher than the indoor air density, and air flow enters the room from the glass curtain wall air valve through the south wall and ground air valve of each layer, and then flows to the outside through the north wall air valve of each layer, so that natural ventilation under the action of hot pressing is formed, and the precooling effect is realized on the indoor air;
When the air valve of the glass curtain wall is opened and the rest air valve is closed during the operation of regulating the white sky in summer; opening an adjustable baffle plate and opening an air channel outlet between additional sunlight; the air flow hot-pressing principle is utilized to enable air sucked from the air valve of the glass curtain wall to enter an additional sunlight room, gas in the additional sunlight room is heated to form ascending air flow, and the ascending air flow is discharged to the outside through an air channel between the additional sunlight rooms, so that the temperature of a south wall of a building is effectively reduced, and the heat insulation effect is generated;
the operation method of autumn and winter transition seasons comprises the following steps:
in general, the adjustable baffle is put down to be in contact with the inclined roof, and the air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; opening a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; when sunlight irradiates the additional sunlight room, heat energy of the sunlight is absorbed by the heat storage layer, air in the additional sunlight room is heated, the air flows into a room through the south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room through the south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb the solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed;
When fresh air or proper outdoor air temperature is needed, opening a glass curtain wall air valve, a south wall ground air valve of each layer and a south wall roof air valve of each layer, and closing the rest air valves; the adjustable baffle is put down, and an air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; outdoor air flows into the additional sunlight room from the glass curtain wall air valve for heating, flows into the room through the south wall roof air valve of each layer, and air with lower indoor temperature flows into the additional sunlight room from the south wall ground air valve of each layer to absorb solar energy, so that the indoor air heating process is completed, and the full fresh air heating is realized;
The running method in winter comprises the following steps: the adjustable baffle is put down, and an air channel outlet between the additional sunlight is closed; all the air valves are closed, and a greenhouse is formed in the additional sunlight room; in the daytime, the sunlight irradiates to promote the air in the additional sunlight room and the heat storage layer to store heat, so that the temperature in the additional sunlight room is increased, the temperature difference between the indoor space and the additional sunlight room is reduced, the outward movement of indoor heat is blocked, and the heat conduction is reduced; at night, the outdoor temperature is reduced, and the air in the additional sunlight room and the heat storage layer supplement heat for the wall of the building, so that the heat preservation effect is achieved.
2. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the elevation of the south wall floor air valve from the floor of the south wall of each layer of building is 20-50cm, and the elevation of the south wall roof air valve from the roof of the south wall of each layer of building is 20-50cm.
3. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein each level of north wall dampers is positioned in the middle of two dampers on the same level of the building south wall.
4. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein the glass curtain wall damper is positioned in the middle of two dampers on a layer of a south wall of the building.
5. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilt angle of the tilt roof is 40-60 °.
6. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the ventilation structure further comprises a rain gutter; the rain gutter is arranged at the bottom of the inclined roof, is obliquely arranged along the east-west direction, and the tail is communicated with a drainage pipeline of a building.
7. The method for operating an energy-saving ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1, wherein a lighting window is provided on a south wall of the building; the building has a layer height of 2.8-3.6m.
8. The method for operating an energy-saving ventilation structure for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the heat preservation layer and the heat storage layer are both 5-10mm.
9. The method of operating a building energy saving ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that the insulation layer is made of polyurethane foam; the heat storage layer is made of phase change heat storage materials.
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| CN103244999A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-14 | 北京建筑工程学院 | Solar building heating ventilating system |
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| JP2005221101A (en) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Ventilation system utilizing nature energy |
| US20070062105A1 (en) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-03-22 | Stevens Michael M | Suntrap self-regulating solar greenhouse |
| JP5184324B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2013-04-17 | Ｙｋｋ Ａｐ株式会社 | curtain wall |
| JP3164069U (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2010-11-11 | 株式会社フジケン | Building structure with circulation path in the wall |
| CN204786984U (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2015-11-18 | 湖南科技大学 | Reinforce compound ventilation system of indoor natural draft effect |
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| CN210827820U (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-06-23 | 河北工业大学 | Building energy-saving ventilation structure |
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