CN110479841B - Multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece - Google Patents
Multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN110479841B CN110479841B CN201910712181.3A CN201910712181A CN110479841B CN 110479841 B CN110479841 B CN 110479841B CN 201910712181 A CN201910712181 A CN 201910712181A CN 110479841 B CN110479841 B CN 110479841B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, which comprises the following steps of: s1, sleeving the annular blank and the annular push plate on a restraint die, and tightly contacting two spinning wheels which are symmetrical about the axial middle plane of the annular blank with two end surfaces of the blank respectively to generate acting force between the restraint die and the annular blank and ensure that the restraint die can drive the annular blank and the spinning wheels to rotate stably; s2, the restraint die rotates around the axis of the restraint die, the annular blank and the rotary wheels are driven to rotate around the respective axes, and the two rotary wheels simultaneously perform feeding motion along the track, so that the annular blank generates continuous local plastic deformation until the annular blank is integrally formed; and S3, when the forming piece is in the shape of the target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, stopping the rotation of the restraint die, retreating the two rotary wheels to the initial position, and pushing the manufactured target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece out of the restraint die through the annular push plate. The invention has the advantages of obvious energy saving, material saving, production cost reduction, productivity improvement and forming force reduction by locally forming the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece in multiple passes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a precision rolling forming method of a special-shaped section ring piece, in particular to a multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method of a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece.
Background
In the manufacturing fields of aviation, aerospace and the like, the light structure is an important way for reducing energy consumption and improving the endurance capacity of an aircraft. As a result, a large number of thin-walled structural members, such as nacelles, wings, engine shrouds, are widely used in the construction of significant equipment such as aircraft, rockets, airships, and the like. To increase the strength of these structural members, reinforcing ribs are generally provided on the surface thereof. The large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is used as a typical core bearing component on heavy equipment such as airplanes and rockets, and has extremely strict requirements on forming precision and performance. For the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, three methods of welding, riveting and cutting are mainly used at present. The welding method is to separately manufacture the thin-wall rectangular ring piece and the reinforcing ribs firstly, and then weld the reinforcing ribs on the rectangular ring piece, but the welding method has poor performance and high cost, and is difficult to meet the requirement of high-performance manufacture of high-end equipment. The riveting method is also that the thin-wall rectangular ring piece and the reinforcing rib are manufactured separately, and then the reinforcing rib and the rectangular ring piece are riveted together by a plurality of rivets. The riveting method not only increases the weight of the member, but also reduces the connection strength between the reinforcing ribs and the rectangular ring piece. The cutting method is to carry out turning processing on the annular blank with the rectangular cross section so as to process the target large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece. However, the cutting method has the problems of low material utilization rate, large part rebound deformation, discontinuous metal flow line and the like, so that the forming precision and the mechanical property of the part are greatly reduced. The plastic forming process has the characteristics of remarkable energy and material saving, high processing efficiency, excellent forming performance and the like, and gradually becomes the main development trend of the integral manufacture of high-end equipment structural parts. The large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring is difficult to form by adopting the traditional forging method due to the limitation of the overall dimension of the part. Therefore, it is highly desirable to find an effective plastic forming method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring pieces, which remarkably improves the internal structure and mechanical properties of the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring pieces.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is constructed, and comprises the following steps:
s1, sleeving the annular blank and the annular push plate on a restraint die, and tightly contacting two spinning wheels which are symmetrical about the axial middle plane of the annular blank with two end surfaces of the blank respectively to generate acting force between the restraint die and the annular blank and ensure that the restraint die can drive the annular blank and the spinning wheels to rotate stably;
s2, the restraint mould rotates around the axis of the restraint mould, drives the annular blank and the rotary wheels to rotate around the respective axes, and simultaneously, the two rotary wheels perform feeding motion along the track, so that the annular blank generates continuous local plastic deformation until the annular blank is integrally formed, and the forming is divided into three stages:
s21, a first forming stage; the side wall of the annular blank is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two spinning wheels; in the spin rolling process, the two spinning wheels axially move from two ends of the annular blank to the middle, and the side wall generates plastic deformation of axial compression and radial extension, so that a transverse rib is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank;
s22, a second forming stage; performing multi-pass radial rotary rolling forming on the transverse ribs extruded at the first stage by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two rotary wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the thickness of the transverse rib is gradually reduced, and the height of the transverse rib is gradually increased, so that a preset shape is achieved;
s23, a third forming stage; the part of the annular blank except the transverse rib is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and feeding of the two spinning wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the two rotary wheels axially move from the transverse ribs of the annular blank to two ends, the thickness of the part except the transverse ribs is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, so that the preset size requirement is met;
and S3, when the forming piece is in the shape of the target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, stopping the rotation of the restraint die, retreating the two rotary wheels to the initial position, and pushing the manufactured target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece out of the restraint die through the annular push plate.
In the scheme, in step S1, the inner diameter of the annular blank is equal to the inner diameter D of the target large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece1The height h of the annular blank is far less than that of the restraining die, and the outer diameter of the annular blank is D2(ii) a The external dimension of the annular blank is calculated by the following formula (1):
the thickness of the part of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece except the transverse ribs is t, the distance from the upper end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the upper end face of the transverse ribs is a, the distance from the lower end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the lower end face of the transverse ribs is b, the height of the transverse ribs is c, and the thickness of the transverse ribs is f.
In the above configuration, in step S1, an angle θ between the end surface of the spinning roller and the horizontal plane when the spinning roller is fed satisfies:
wherein m is the distance from the spinning wheel frame to the end face of the spinning wheel, and d is the diameter of the spinning wheel.
In the above scheme, in step S1, the inner diameter of the annular push plate is equal to the outer diameter of the restraint die, and the gap e between the end surface of the annular blank and the annular push plate satisfies:
in the above scheme, in step S21, when the spinning roller is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left spinning roller and the right spinning roller is set as
When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.
In the above-described embodiment, in step S22, the speeds of the two rollers are always equal to each other when the rollers are axially and radially fed.
In the above scheme, in step S23, when the spinning roller is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left spinning roller and the right spinning roller is set as
When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.
The implementation of the multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece has the following beneficial effects that:
1. the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is formed locally in multiple passes, so that the effects of remarkably saving energy and materials, reducing production cost, improving productivity and reducing forming force are achieved.
2. The large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece formed by rolling has good surface quality and high geometric precision, obtains a fine grain structure and a complete metal streamline, and obviously improves the internal structure and the mechanical property of the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece.
3. The two rotating wheels are symmetrical all the time in the rolling process, so that the effect of blocking the axial flow of metal is achieved, a die for restraining the axial flow of the metal is omitted, and under the effect of the two rotating wheels, the metal between the two rotating wheels mainly flows outwards along the radial direction of the ring piece, so that the thin-wall high ribs are easily formed on the peripheral surface of the ring piece.
4. The two spinning wheels have smaller size, large motion space and good universality. By adjusting the motion tracks of the two rotary wheels, transverse high-rib thin-wall ring pieces with different specifications can be rolled out.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal section of a blank for manufacturing a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal section of a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring member;
FIG. 3 is an overall schematic view of a large high-rib thin-wall ring formed by double-spinning-wheel spin rolling;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a spinning wheel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a double-rotating-wheel multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming of a side wall of a target ring;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a target ring transverse rib formed by double-spinning-wheel multi-pass radial spin rolling;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a target ring skin formed by double-rotating-wheel multi-pass axial spin-rolling.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the precision rolling forming method of the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S1, obtaining the annular blank 2, wherein the blank 2 is a ring with a rectangular section and can be prepared by upsetting, casting, punching, extruding, flattening and turning. By usingThe part manufactured by the method is a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring member 8. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the height of the blank 2 is h, and the inner diameter of the blank 2 is D1Outer diameter of blank 2
Wherein the inner diameter of the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is D1The thickness of the part except the transverse rib is t, the distance from the upper end face of the target ring piece to the upper end face of the transverse rib is a, the distance from the lower end face of the target ring piece to the lower end face of the transverse rib is b, the height of the transverse rib is c, and the thickness of the transverse rib is f. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the dimensions of the large transverse web thin-walled ring 8 are as follows: d13000mm, t 5mm, f 10mm, a 20mm, b 40mm, c 30mm, so the ring blank 2 can be dimensioned: d1＝3000mm，D2＝3022mm，h＝30mm。
S2, as shown in fig. 3, horizontally sleeving the ring blank 2 and the ring push plate 3 on the restraint die 1, wherein the inner diameter of the ring blank 2 is equal to the outer diameter of the restraint die 1, the gap e between the ring blank 2 and the ring push plate 3 is 30mm, and the inner diameter of the ring push plate 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the restraint die 1. And the two rotary wheels 4 and 5 are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the annular blank 2, the circular arc radius of the side faces of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is 5mm, the diameter of the end faces of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is 40mm, and the distance from the rotary wheel frame to the end faces of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is 10 mm.
S3, as shown in FIG. 3, the restraint mold 1 rotates around the self-axis at a rotation speed w1The annular blank 2, the rotary wheel 4 and the rotary wheel 5 are driven to rotate, and the rotary speed of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is w2. Meanwhile, the rotary wheels 4 and 5 also perform feeding motion according to a certain track, the ring blank 2 generates continuous local deformation of axial compression and radial extension under the combined action of the restraint die 1 and the rotary wheels 4 and 5, and the deformation of the ring blank 2 is mainly divided into three stages.
S4, the first stage of ring deformation is shown in fig. 5, where the angle α between the spinning wheels 4,5 and the horizontal plane is 60 °, the rotation speed w is w2240 r/min. The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion in accordance with the trajectory of O → 2 → 1 → O → 3 → 1 → O → 4 → 1 → O → 5 → O 'shown in fig. 5, and the rotary wheel 5 performs the feeding motion in accordance with the trajectory of O → 7 → 6 → O → 8 → 6 → O → 9 → 6 → O → 10 → O' shown in fig. 5And (6) moving. V, when the rotary wheels 4,5 are axially fed1＝0.5mm/s，v20.9 mm/s; when the rotary wheels 4,5 are fed radially, v1＝v20.9 mm/s. And extruding a transverse rib on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank 2 through multi-pass axial spin rolling forming, thereby obtaining the ring piece 6. The shape of the blank and the position of the spinning wheel before deformation are shown in the figure by dashed lines.
S5, the second stage of ring deformation is shown in fig. 6, where the included angle β between the rotating wheels 4 and 5 and the horizontal plane is 45 °, and the rotating speed w is2240 r/min. The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion in accordance with the trajectory O → 2'→ 1' → O → 3'→ 1' → O → 4'→ O' shown in fig. 6, and the rotary wheel 5 performs the feeding motion in accordance with the trajectory O → 6'→ 5' → O → 7'→ 5' → O → 8'→ O' shown in fig. 6. The speed of the spinning wheels 4,5 is 0.9mm/s both when they are fed axially and radially. And performing multi-pass radial rotary rolling forming on the transverse ribs extruded in the first stage to gradually reduce the thickness and increase the height of the transverse ribs, thereby obtaining the ring piece 7. The shape of the blank and the position of the spinning wheel before deformation are shown in the figure by dashed lines.
S6, in the third stage of ring deformation, as shown in fig. 7, the included angle α between the rotating wheels 4 and 5 and the horizontal plane is 60 °, and the rotating speed w is2The feed speeds of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are v, 240r/min respectively1、v2. The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion according to the trajectory of O → 2 "→ 1" → O → 3 "→ 1" → O → 4 "→ O 'shown in fig. 7, and the rotary wheel 5 performs the feeding motion according to the trajectory of O → 6" → 5 "→ O → 7" → 5 "→ O → 8" → O' shown in fig. 7. V, when the rotary wheels 4,5 are axially fed1＝0.5mm/s，v20.9 mm/s; when the rotary wheels 4,5 are fed radially, v1＝v20.9 mm/s. The part of the ring except the transverse rib is subjected to multi-pass axial rotary rolling forming, so that the thickness of the part except the transverse rib is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, and the target transverse high rib thin-wall ring 8 is obtained. The shape of the blank and the position of the spinning wheel before deformation are shown in the figure by dashed lines.
And S7, when the shape of the annular blank reaches the preset requirement, stopping the rotation of the restraint die 1, stopping the feeding of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 and returning to the initial position. The annular push plate 3 is driven by hydraulic pressure to move along the axial direction, and the manufactured large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece 8 is extruded out of the restraint die 1.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, sleeving the annular blank and the annular push plate on a restraint die, and tightly contacting two spinning wheels which are symmetrical about the axial middle plane of the annular blank with two end surfaces of the blank respectively to generate acting force between the restraint die and the annular blank and ensure that the restraint die can drive the annular blank and the spinning wheels to rotate stably;
s2, the restraint mould rotates around the axis of the restraint mould, drives the annular blank and the rotary wheels to rotate around the respective axes, and simultaneously, the two rotary wheels perform feeding motion along the track, so that the annular blank generates continuous local plastic deformation until the annular blank is integrally formed, and the forming is divided into three stages:
s21, a first forming stage; the side wall of the annular blank is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two spinning wheels; in the spin rolling process, the two spinning wheels axially move from two ends of the annular blank to the middle, and the side wall generates plastic deformation of axial compression and radial extension, so that a transverse rib is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank;
s22, a second forming stage; performing multi-pass radial rotary rolling forming on the transverse ribs extruded at the first stage by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two rotary wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the thickness of the transverse rib is gradually reduced, and the height of the transverse rib is gradually increased, so that a preset shape is achieved;
s23, a third forming stage; the part of the annular blank except the transverse rib is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and feeding of the two spinning wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the two rotary wheels axially move from the transverse ribs of the annular blank to two ends, the thickness of the part except the transverse ribs is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, so that the preset size requirement is met;
and S3, when the forming piece is in the shape of the target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, stopping the rotation of the restraint die, retreating the two rotary wheels to the initial position, and pushing the manufactured target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece out of the restraint die through the annular push plate.
2. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the inner diameter of the annular blank is equal to the inner diameter D of the target large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece1The height h of the annular blank is far less than that of the restraining die, and the outer diameter of the annular blank is D2(ii) a The external dimension of the annular blank is calculated by the following formula (1):
the thickness of the part of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece except the transverse ribs is t, the distance from the upper end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the upper end face of the transverse ribs is a, the distance from the lower end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the lower end face of the transverse ribs is b, the height of the transverse ribs is c, and the thickness of the transverse ribs is f.
3. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, an included angle θ between an end face of the rotary wheel and a horizontal plane when the rotary wheel is fed satisfies:
wherein m is the distance from the spinning wheel frame to the end face of the spinning wheel, and d is the diameter of the spinning wheel.
4. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the inner diameter of the annular push plate is equal to the outer diameter of the restraining die, and the end face of the annular blank isAnd the clearance e between the annular push plate satisfies the following conditions:
5. the multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S21, when the rotary wheel is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel is equal to
When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.
6. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S22, when the two rotary wheels are axially and radially fed, the speeds are always equal.
7. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S23, when the rotary wheel is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel is equal to
When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.
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