CN110479841B - Multi-pass and multi-direction spinning forming method for large horizontal and high rib thin-walled rings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, which comprises the following steps of: s1, sleeving the annular blank and the annular push plate on a restraint die, and tightly contacting two spinning wheels which are symmetrical about the axial middle plane of the annular blank with two end surfaces of the blank respectively to generate acting force between the restraint die and the annular blank and ensure that the restraint die can drive the annular blank and the spinning wheels to rotate stably; s2, the restraint die rotates around the axis of the restraint die, the annular blank and the rotary wheels are driven to rotate around the respective axes, and the two rotary wheels simultaneously perform feeding motion along the track, so that the annular blank generates continuous local plastic deformation until the annular blank is integrally formed; and S3, when the forming piece is in the shape of the target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, stopping the rotation of the restraint die, retreating the two rotary wheels to the initial position, and pushing the manufactured target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece out of the restraint die through the annular push plate. The invention has the advantages of obvious energy saving, material saving, production cost reduction, productivity improvement and forming force reduction by locally forming the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece in multiple passes.

Description

Multi-pass and multi-direction spinning forming method for large horizontal and high rib thin-walled rings

technical field

The invention relates to a precision rolling forming method for rings with special-shaped sections, and more particularly, to a multi-pass and multi-direction spinning forming method for large horizontal and high-rib thin-walled rings.

Background technique

In aviation, aerospace and other manufacturing fields, lightweight structure is an important way to reduce energy consumption and improve the endurance of aircraft. Therefore, a large number of thin-walled structural parts are widely used in major equipment such as aircraft, rockets, and spacecraft, such as cabins, wings, and engine covers. In order to improve the strength of these structural members, reinforcing ribs are usually provided on their surfaces. As a typical core load-bearing component of heavy equipment such as aircraft and rockets, large horizontal and high-rib thin-walled rings have extremely strict requirements on forming accuracy and performance. For such large horizontal and high rib thin-walled rings, there are currently three methods: welding, riveting, and cutting. The welding method is to separately manufacture the thin-walled rectangular ring and the reinforcing rib, and then weld the reinforcing rib on the rectangular ring. However, the welding method has poor performance and high cost, and it is difficult to meet the high-performance manufacturing requirements of high-end equipment. The riveting method is also to first separate the thin-walled rectangular ring and the reinforcing rib, and then use a large number of rivets to rive the reinforcing rib and the rectangular ring together. The riveting method not only increases the weight of the component, but also reduces the connection strength between the stiffener and the rectangular ring. The cutting method is to turn the rectangular-section annular blank, so as to process the target large transverse and high rib thin-walled ring. However, the cutting method has problems such as low material utilization rate, large rebound deformation of parts, discontinuous metal streamline, etc., which greatly reduces the forming accuracy and mechanical properties of parts. The plastic forming process has the characteristics of significant energy saving and material saving, high processing efficiency and excellent forming performance, and has gradually become the main development trend of the overall manufacturing of high-end equipment structural parts. Due to the limitation of the dimensions of the parts, it is difficult to form such large horizontal and high rib thin-walled rings by traditional forging methods. Therefore, it is urgent to find an effective plastic forming method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-pass and multi-direction spin rolling forming method for a large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring, which significantly improves the internal structure and mechanical properties of the large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: constructing a multi-pass and multi-directional spin rolling forming method for a large-scale horizontal and high-rib thin-walled ring, comprising the following steps:

S1. Sleeve the annular blank and the annular push plate on the constraining die, and the two rotating wheels that are symmetrical about the axial midplane of the annular blank are in close contact with both ends of the blank respectively, so that a force is generated between the constraining die and the annular blank to ensure the restraint The die can drive the ring blank and the rotary wheel to rotate stably;

S2. Constrain the die to rotate around its own axis, and drive the annular blank and the rotating wheel to rotate around their respective axes, and at the same time the two rotating wheels make a feeding motion along the trajectory, so that the annular blank is continuously localized plastically deformed until it is formed as a whole. In three stages:

S21. The first forming stage; by controlling the motion track and feed speed of the two rollers, the sidewall of the annular blank is formed by multi-pass axial spinning; The end moves to the middle, and the side wall produces axial compression and radial extension plastic deformation, thereby forming a transverse rib on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank;

S22, the second forming stage; by controlling the motion track and feed speed of the two rotating wheels, the horizontal bars extruded in the first stage are subjected to multi-pass radial spinning forming; during the spinning process, the thickness of the horizontal bars gradually decreases, and the height gradually decreases increase to achieve the preset shape;

S23, the third forming stage; by controlling the movement trajectory and feed of the two-roller, the parts other than the transverse bars of the annular blank are formed by multi-pass axial spinning; Moving to both ends, the thickness of the part other than the transverse rib is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, so as to meet the preset size requirements;

S3. When the shape of the formed part is the target horizontally high rib thin-walled ring, the constraining die stops rotating, the two rotary wheels return to the initial position, and the obtained target horizontally high rib thin-walled ring is pushed out of the constraining die through the annular push plate.

In the above scheme, in step S1, the inner diameter of the annular blank is equal to the inner diameter D ₁ of the target large horizontal and high-rib thin-walled ring, the height h of the annular blank is much smaller than the height of the constraining die, and the outer diameter of the annular blank is D ₂ ; The external dimensions are calculated by formula (1):

Among them, the thickness of the outer part of the transverse rib of the large horizontally high rib thin-walled ring is t, the distance from the upper end face of the large horizontally high rib thin-walled ring to the upper end face of the transverse rib is a, and the distance from the lower end face of the large horizontally high rib thin-walled ring to the lower end surface of the transverse rib is b, The height of the transverse rib is c, and the thickness of the transverse rib is f.

其中，m为旋轮架到旋轮端面的距离，d为旋轮直径。In the above scheme, in step S1, the angle θ between the end face and the horizontal plane when the rotary wheel is fed satisfies:

Among them, m is the distance from the rotary wheel frame to the end face of the rotary wheel, and d is the diameter of the rotary wheel.

In the above scheme, in step S1, the inner diameter of the annular push plate is equal to the outer diameter of the constraining die, and the gap e between the end face of the annular blank and the annular push plate satisfies:

当旋轮径向进给时，左、右两旋轮的进给速度始终相等。In the above scheme, in step S21, when the rotary wheel is fed axially, the ratio of the feed speeds of the left and right rotary wheels is:

When the rotary wheel feeds radially, the feed speed of the left and right rotary wheels is always equal.

In the above solution, in step S22, when the two rotating wheels are fed axially and radially, their speeds are always equal.

旋轮径向进给时，左、右两旋轮的进给速度始终相等。In the above scheme, in step S23, when the rotary wheel is fed axially, the ratio of the feed speeds of the left and right rotary wheels is:

When the rotary wheel is fed radially, the feed rates of the left and right rotary wheels are always equal.

Implementing the multi-pass multi-direction spin rolling forming method for a large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. By locally forming large-scale horizontal, high-rib and thin-walled rings in multiple passes, it has the effects of significant energy saving, material saving, production cost reduction, productivity improvement, and forming force reduction.

2. The large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring formed by rolling has good surface quality and high geometric accuracy, and obtains fine grain structure and complete metal streamline, which significantly improves the internal structure and mechanical properties of the large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring. .

3. During the rolling process, the two rollers are always symmetrical, which hinders the axial flow of the metal, eliminating the need for the mold that restricts the axial flow of the metal, and under the action of the two rollers, the metal between the two rollers is mainly Flowing outwards along the radial direction of the ring makes it easy to form thin-walled high ribs on the outer peripheral surface of the ring.

4. The size of the two rotary wheels is small, the movement space is large, and the versatility is good. By adjusting the motion trajectory of the two rotating wheels, the thin-walled rings of different specifications can be rolled out.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal cross-section of a blank obtained from a large-scale transverse and high-rib thin-walled ring;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring;

Figure 3 is an overall schematic diagram of a large-scale high-rib thin-walled ring formed by double-rotor spinning;

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rotary wheel;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the side wall of the target ring member formed by double-rotor multi-pass axial spin rolling;

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of double-rotor multi-pass radial spin-rolling forming target ring transverse rib;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the skin of a target ring formed by double-rotor multi-pass axial spin rolling.

Detailed ways

In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the precision rolling forming method of the large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring of the present invention comprises the following steps:

其中，大型横高筋薄壁环件的内径为D₁，横筋以外部分厚度为t，目标环件上端面到横筋上端面的距离为a，目标环件下端面到横筋下端面的距离为b，横筋高度为c，横筋厚度为f。在本发明的一个优选实例中，大型横高筋薄壁环件8的尺寸如下：D₁＝3000mm，t＝5mm，f＝10mm，a＝20mm，b＝40mm，c＝30mm，因此环件毛坯2的尺寸可确定为：D₁＝3000mm，D₂＝3022mm，h＝30mm。S1, obtaining a ring blank 2, the blank 2 is a ring with a rectangular section, which can be prepared by methods of upsetting, casting, punching, punching and connecting skin, extrusion, flat end face and turning. The part produced by the method of the present invention is a large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring 8 . As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the height of the blank 2 is h, the inner diameter of the blank 2 is D ₁ , and the outer diameter of the blank 2

Among them, the inner diameter of the large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring is D ₁ , the thickness of the outer part of the horizontal rib is t, the distance from the upper end face of the target ring to the upper end face of the horizontal rib is a, the distance from the lower end face of the target ring to the lower end face of the horizontal rib is b, and the horizontal rib is b. The height is c, and the thickness of the transverse rib is f. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dimensions of the large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring 8 are as follows: D ₁ =3000mm, t=5mm, f=10mm, a=20mm, b=40mm, c=30mm, so the ring blank 2 The dimensions can be determined as: D ₁ =3000mm, D ₂ =3022mm, h=30mm.

S2, as shown in Figure 3, the annular blank 2 and the annular push plate 3 are horizontally sleeved on the constraining die 1, the inner diameter of the annular blank 2 is equal to the outer diameter of the constraining die 1, and the gap between the annular blank 2 and the annular push plate 3 e=30mm, the inner diameter of the annular push plate 3 is equal to the outer diameter of the restraining die 1 . Then install the two rotary wheels 4 and 5 symmetrically on the two ends of the ring blank 2. The radius of the side arc of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is 5mm, and the diameter of the end faces of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is 40mm. The distance between the end faces is 10mm.

S3, as shown in Fig. 3, the constraining die 1 rotates around its own axis, and the rotational speed is w ₁ , which drives the ring blank 2, the rotary wheel 4 and the rotary wheel 5 to rotate, and the rotary speed of the rotary wheels 4 and 5 is w ₂ . At the same time, the rotary wheels 4 and 5 also perform feeding motion according to a certain trajectory. Under the combined action of the restraining die 1 and the rotary wheels 4 and 5, the ring blank 2 produces continuous local deformation of axial compression and radial elongation. The deformation of the ring blank 2 is mainly divided into three stages.

S4, the first stage of ring deformation As shown in Figure 5, the angle α between the rotating wheels 4, 5 and the horizontal plane is α=60°, and the rotation speed w ₂ =240r/min. The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion according to the trajectory of O→2→1→O→3→1→O→4→1→O→5→O' as shown in Fig. The trajectory of →7→6→O→8→6→O→9→6→O→10→O' does the feed motion. When the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are fed axially, v ₁ =0.5mm/s, v ₂ =0.9mm/s; when the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are fed radially, v ₁ =v ₂ =0.9mm/s. A ring member 6 is obtained by extruding a transverse rib on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank 2 through multi-pass axial spin rolling. The shape of the blank before deformation and the position of the rotary wheel are indicated by dashed lines in the figure.

S5, the second stage of ring deformation As shown in Figure 6, the angle between the rotating wheels 4, 5 and the horizontal plane is β=45°, and the rotation speed w ₂ =240r/min. The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion according to the trajectory of O→2'→1'→O→3'→1'→O→4'→O' as shown in Figure 6, and the rotary wheel 5 according to the O→ 6'→5'→O→7'→5'→O→8'→O' to do feed motion. When the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are fed axially and radially, the speed is 0.9mm/s. By performing multi-pass radial spin forming on the transverse rib extruded in the first stage, the thickness of the transverse rib is gradually reduced and the height is gradually increased, thereby obtaining the ring piece 7 . The shape of the blank before deformation and the position of the rotary wheel are indicated by dashed lines in the figure.

S6, the third stage of ring deformation is shown in Figure 7, the angle between the rollers 4 and 5 and the horizontal plane is α=60°, the rotational speed w ₂ =240r/min, and the feed speeds of the rollers 4 and 5 are respectively v ₁ , v ₂ . The rotary wheel 4 performs the feeding motion according to the trajectory of O→2″→1″→O→3″→1″→O→4″→O’ as shown in Fig. 7, and the rotary wheel 5 moves according to the O→ The trajectory of 6″→5″→O→7″→5″→O→8″→O' does the feed motion. When the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are fed axially, v ₁ =0.5mm/s, v ₂ =0.9mm/s; when the rotary wheels 4 and 5 are fed radially, v ₁ =v ₂ =0.9mm/s. By performing multi-pass axial spin forming on the parts other than the transverse ribs of the ring, the thickness of the parts other than the transverse ribs is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, so as to target the thin-walled ring with high transverse ribs 8 . The shape of the blank before deformation and the position of the rotary wheel are indicated by dashed lines in the figure.

S7, when the shape of the annular blank reaches the preset requirements, the restraining die 1 stops rotating, the rotary wheels 4 and 5 stop feeding and return to the initial position. The annular push plate 3 is hydraulically driven to move along its axial direction to extrude the produced large horizontal and high rib thin-walled ring 8 from the constraining die 1 .

The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, which are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention and the claims, many forms can be made, which all belong to the protection of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-pass multi-directional rotary rolling forming method for a large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, sleeving the annular blank and the annular push plate on a restraint die, and tightly contacting two spinning wheels which are symmetrical about the axial middle plane of the annular blank with two end surfaces of the blank respectively to generate acting force between the restraint die and the annular blank and ensure that the restraint die can drive the annular blank and the spinning wheels to rotate stably;

s2, the restraint mould rotates around the axis of the restraint mould, drives the annular blank and the rotary wheels to rotate around the respective axes, and simultaneously, the two rotary wheels perform feeding motion along the track, so that the annular blank generates continuous local plastic deformation until the annular blank is integrally formed, and the forming is divided into three stages:

s21, a first forming stage; the side wall of the annular blank is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two spinning wheels; in the spin rolling process, the two spinning wheels axially move from two ends of the annular blank to the middle, and the side wall generates plastic deformation of axial compression and radial extension, so that a transverse rib is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blank;

s22, a second forming stage; performing multi-pass radial rotary rolling forming on the transverse ribs extruded at the first stage by controlling the motion tracks and the feeding speed of the two rotary wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the thickness of the transverse rib is gradually reduced, and the height of the transverse rib is gradually increased, so that a preset shape is achieved;

s23, a third forming stage; the part of the annular blank except the transverse rib is subjected to multi-pass axial spin-rolling forming by controlling the motion tracks and feeding of the two spinning wheels; in the rotary rolling process, the two rotary wheels axially move from the transverse ribs of the annular blank to two ends, the thickness of the part except the transverse ribs is continuously reduced, and the axial height is gradually increased, so that the preset size requirement is met;

and S3, when the forming piece is in the shape of the target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece, stopping the rotation of the restraint die, retreating the two rotary wheels to the initial position, and pushing the manufactured target transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece out of the restraint die through the annular push plate.

2. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the inner diameter of the annular blank is equal to the inner diameter D of the target large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece₁The height h of the annular blank is far less than that of the restraining die, and the outer diameter of the annular blank is D₂(ii) a The external dimension of the annular blank is calculated by the following formula (1):

the thickness of the part of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece except the transverse ribs is t, the distance from the upper end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the upper end face of the transverse ribs is a, the distance from the lower end face of the large-sized transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece to the lower end face of the transverse ribs is b, the height of the transverse ribs is c, and the thickness of the transverse ribs is f.

3. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, an included angle θ between an end face of the rotary wheel and a horizontal plane when the rotary wheel is fed satisfies:

wherein m is the distance from the spinning wheel frame to the end face of the spinning wheel, and d is the diameter of the spinning wheel.

4. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the inner diameter of the annular push plate is equal to the outer diameter of the restraining die, and the end face of the annular blank isAnd the clearance e between the annular push plate satisfies the following conditions:

5. the multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S21, when the rotary wheel is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel is equal to

When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.

6. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S22, when the two rotary wheels are axially and radially fed, the speeds are always equal.

7. The multi-pass multi-direction rotary rolling forming method for the large transverse high-rib thin-wall ring piece according to the claim 2, wherein in the step S23, when the rotary wheel is axially fed, the ratio of the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel is equal to

When the rotary wheel feeds in the radial direction, the feeding speeds of the left rotary wheel and the right rotary wheel are always equal.

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