CN113680931A - Near-net composite rolling forming method for large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring piece - Google Patents
Near-net composite rolling forming method for large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring piece Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
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Abstract
The invention discloses a near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring piece, which comprises the following steps of: open rolling the upset and punched rectangular section ring blank to obtain a large-diameter rectangular section ring blank for performing abrupt cross section forming on the inner surface of the ring blank; and placing the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank obtained by ring open rolling and pre-rolling forming into a closed rolling die for radial closed rolling forming, and obtaining the target forge piece after the ring section contour is filled, wherein the closed rolling die comprises a second core roller positioned in the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank, an annular restraining die sleeved outside the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank and a second driving roller positioned outside the annular restraining die. The near-net composite rolling forming method for the large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring piece can realize low raw material consumption and high-efficiency forming and improve the comprehensive mechanical property of a product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rolling methods, in particular to a near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece.
Background
The large inner contour abrupt cross section ring piece is an annular component with the diameter of more than 1 meter, the straight wall of the outer surface and the inner surface with a plurality of abrupt step characteristics, and the ring piece is widely applied to key components of important equipment such as aviation, aerospace and the like and has higher requirements on the comprehensive performance of products. Ring rolling is an advanced method for manufacturing high quality seamless rings by continuous local plastic forming, which has the production advantages of high efficiency, low consumption, high quality and low material consumption. However, for rolling of such a ring with an inner surface having a plurality of abrupt cross sections, the ring blank design and step formation required for rolling are difficult. For the complex annular member, the current mainstream manufacturing process mainly comprises the steps of obtaining the annular member with the rectangular section by radial or radial axial rolling forming of the annular member, and then processing the inner surface abrupt change step by a cutting method. The method not only causes a great deal of waste of materials and low processing efficiency, but also damages the integrity of the original streamline of the metal by cutting processing and weakens the mechanical property of the ring piece. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a forming method suitable for large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring pieces, so as to realize low raw material consumption and high-efficiency forming of the ring pieces, improve the distribution integrity of metal flow lines and improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece, aiming at realizing low raw material consumption and high-efficiency forming and improving the comprehensive mechanical property of a product.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece, which comprises the following steps of:
carrying out open rolling on the upset and punched rectangular-section ring blank to obtain a large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank for carrying out sudden change section forming on the inner surface of the ring blank subsequently, wherein the open rolling die comprises a first core roller positioned in the rectangular-section ring blank and a first driving roller positioned on the outer side of the rectangular-section ring blank;
the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section is obtained by open rolling and pre-rolling forming of the ring piece and is placed in a closed rolling die for radial closed rolling forming, after the ring piece cross section contour is filled, a target forge piece is obtained, the closed rolling die comprises a second core roller located in the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section, an annular restraining die sleeved outside the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section and a second driving roller located on the outer side of the annular restraining die, the second driving roller drives the annular restraining die to rotate, the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section is driven to rotate, and the second core roller performs feeding motion and performs driven rotary motion along with the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section.
Preferably, the dimensions of the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank obtained in open rolling are as follows:
d, D and B are respectively the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the large-diameter rectangular section ring blank; dfIs the outer diameter of the target forging, BfTarget forging height; v is the volume of the target forging piece,
dfithe diameters of inner holes of the inner hole steps from top to bottom of the target forge piece are respectively BfiRespectively the height of each step from top to bottom of the target forging, and n is the number of the steps of the target forging;
the size of the ring blank after upsetting and punching is as follows:
wherein D is0、d0、B0Respectively the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the ring blank after upsetting and punching, wherein K is the equivalent rolling ratio.
Preferably, the maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the second core roll is determined by:
0<DCi-max≤0.8d(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein D isCi-maxThe maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the core roll.
Preferably, the height of each step of the outer surface of the second core roll is determined by the following formula:
Bci＝Bfi(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein, BCiRespectively the height of each step from top to bottom of the second core roller.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the annular restraining die is equal to the outer diameter of the target forging, the height of the annular restraining die is equal to the height of the target forging, and the size of the annular restraining die is calculated by the following formula:
wherein d isDie、BDieThe inner diameter and the height of the annular restraint module are respectively.
Preferably, the diameter of the inner hole of the step at the thinnest wall thickness of the target forging is dfi-minTotal feed of the second core roll
Preferably, the feeding speed v of the second core roller satisfies the following condition:
vmin≤v≤vmax；
wherein R is1Is the second drive roller radius, n1At the second drive roller speed, R2Is the maximum step radius of the second core roll, beta is the contact friction angle, vminMinimum feed speed of the second core roll, vmaxThe second core roller maximum feed speed.
Preferably, the second core roller is fed in three stages of an initial rolling stage, a main rolling stage and a rounding stage, and the feeding speed of the second core roller in the main rolling stage is greater than those in the initial rolling stage and the rounding stage.
Preferably, the initial rolling stage feed amount: Δ H1＝(0.05～0.2)ΔH；
Initial rolling feed rate:
feed amount in main rolling stage: Δ H2＝(0.6～0.8)ΔH；
Feed speed in main rolling stage:
feed amount in rounding stage: Δ H3＝ΔH-ΔH1-ΔH2；
Feed speed in rounding stage:
preferably, when closed rolling is adopted, the two ends of the second driving roller are respectively provided with a limiting end plate so as to limit the maximum height of the ring blank deformation.
According to the near-net composite rolling forming method for the large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece, disclosed by the invention, the large-diameter rectangular cross-section ring blank is formed through open rolling, and the method is good in size precision, good in stability and high in efficiency; the inner surface abrupt change profile can be formed near net through closed rolling, the forming precision is high, the later machining cost is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved, the streamline distribution is more complete, and the mechanical property of the product is improved. In addition, the deformation of the ring piece in the height direction is increased in the closed rolling process, and the axial mechanical property of the ring piece is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a target forging of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a near-net composite rolling forming method of a large inner contour abrupt cross-section ring piece according to the invention;
FIG. 3a is a schematic view of the structure of the large-diameter rectangular cross-section ring blank in the direction A-A shown in FIG. 2 at the beginning of rolling;
FIG. 3b is a schematic view of the structure of the large diameter rectangular cross-section ring blank at the end of rolling in the direction A-A shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4a is a schematic top view of the near-net composite rolling forming method for the large inner profile abrupt cross-section ring part at the start time of closed rolling according to the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the near-net composite rolling forming method of the large inner profile abrupt change cross-section ring piece at the starting moment of closed rolling according to the invention;
FIG. 5a is a schematic top view of the near-net composite rolling forming method for the large inner profile abrupt cross-section ring part at the end of closed rolling according to the present invention;
FIG. 5b is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the near-net composite rolling forming method of the large inner profile abrupt change cross-section ring part at the closed rolling end moment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a feeding curve of a second core roller in closed rolling according to the near-net compound rolling forming method for the large-sized inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece.
In the figure, 1-a second driving roller, 2-a guide roller, 3-a second core roller, 4-an annular restraining die, 5-a profiled ring member and 6-a limiting end plate.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5b, the invention provides a near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece, which comprises the following steps:
step S10, carrying out open rolling on the upset and punched rectangular section ring blank to obtain a large-diameter rectangular section ring blank for carrying out sudden change section forming on the inner surface of the ring blank subsequently, wherein the open rolling die comprises a first core roller positioned in the rectangular section ring blank and a first driving roller positioned on the outer side of the rectangular section ring blank;
and S20, placing the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section obtained by ring open rolling and pre-rolling forming into a closed rolling die for radial closed rolling forming, and obtaining a target forging after the ring section contour is filled, wherein the closed rolling die comprises a second core roller 3 positioned in the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section, an annular restraining die 4 sleeved outside the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section and a second driving roller 1 positioned outside the annular restraining die 4, the second driving roller 1 drives the annular restraining die 4 to rotate so as to drive the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section to rotate, and the second core roller 3 performs feeding motion and performs driven rotary motion along with the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section.
Fig. 2 shows the open rolling on the left and the closed rolling on the right.
In step S10, the dimensions of the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank obtained in the open rolling are as follows:
d, D and B are respectively the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the large-diameter rectangular section ring blank; dfIs the outer diameter of the target forging, BfThe height of the target forging; v is the volume of the target forging piece,
dfithe diameters of inner holes of the inner hole steps from top to bottom of the target forge piece are respectively BfiThe height of each step from top to bottom of the target forge piece is respectively, and n is the number of the steps of the target forge piece.
In step S10, the dimensions of the ring blank after upsetting and punching are as follows:
wherein D is0、d0、B0The outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the ring blank after upsetting and punching are respectively, K is an equivalent rolling ratio, and the K is usually 1.2-3.
In step S20, when closed rolling is adopted, the two ends of the second driving roller 1 are both provided with limiting end plates 6 to limit the maximum height of the ring blank deformation.
The maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the second core roller 3 is determined by the following formula:
0<DCi-max≤0.8d(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein D isCi-maxThe maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the core roll.
The height of each step of the outer surface of the second core roller 3 is determined by the following formula:
Bci＝Bfi(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein, BCiRespectively, the second core roller 3 from top to bottom.
The inner diameter of the annular restraining die 4 is equal to the outer diameter of the target forging, the height of the annular restraining die 4 is equal to the height of the target forging, and the size of the annular restraining die 4 is calculated by the following formula:
wherein d isDie、BDieRespectively the inner diameter of the annular restraint mould 4,Height.
The diameter of the step inner hole at the thinnest part of the wall thickness of the target forging is dfi-minTotal feed of the second core roll 3
The feeding speed v of the second core roller 3 satisfies the following condition:
vmin≤v≤vmax；
wherein R is1Is the radius of the second driving roller 1, n1At the second driving roller 1 rotation speed, R2The maximum step radius of the second core roll 3, beta is the contact friction angle, vminIs the minimum feeding speed, v, of the second core roller 3maxThe maximum feeding speed of the second core roller 3.
The second core roller 3 is fed in three stages of an initial rolling stage, a main rolling stage and a rounding stage, and the feeding speed of the second core roller 3 in the main rolling stage is higher than those in the initial rolling stage and the rounding stage. In the initial rolling stage, the second core roller 3 is fed at a low speed so that the ring blank meets the biting condition. In the main rolling stage, the second core roller 3 is fed at a high speed, the abrupt cross section of the ring is gradually formed, and the axial height is correspondingly increased. And due to the limitation of the annular restraining die 4, the outer diameter of the ring is basically unchanged in the closed rolling process. Further, when the height of the ring member is increased to contact the end face of the second driving roller 1, the axial play of the ring member metal is restricted, and the height is kept substantially constant. In the rounding stage, the second core roller 3 is fed at a low speed to perform roundness correction. And finishing rolling after the filling of the cross section profile of the ring is finished.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the initial rolling stage feed amount: Δ H1＝(0.05～0.2)ΔH；
Initial rolling feed rate:
feed amount in main rolling stage: Δ H2＝(0.6～0.8)ΔH；
Feed speed in main rolling stage:
feed amount in rounding stage: Δ H3＝ΔH-ΔH1-ΔH2；
Feed speed in rounding stage:
the near-net clad-rolling forming method of the large inner-profile abrupt-section ring piece is described below by taking n as 5, namely, a target forging with 5 steps as a specific example.
The target forging has the following dimensions: df＝3000mm，df1＝2262mm，Bf1＝100mm，df2＝2692mm，Bf2＝100mm，df3＝2346mm，Bf3＝100mm，df4＝2692mm,Bf4＝100mm，df5＝2187mm，Bf5The composite rolling forming method comprises the following steps:
(1) open type rolling forming large-diameter rectangular cross section ring blank
As shown in fig. 3a and fig. 3b, the ring blank with the rectangular cross section after upsetting and punching is subjected to ring open rolling and pre-rolling forming to obtain a large-diameter ring blank with the rectangular cross section, and in the pre-forming process, under the combined action of the first driving roller and the first core roller, the wall thickness of the blank is reduced, the inner diameter and the outer diameter are enlarged, and the height is basically kept unchanged. Wherein, the size of the ring blank formed by pre-rolling is as follows: 2391mm, 460mm, 3000mm, the size of the ring blank at the beginning of pre-rolling: d0＝996mm，B0＝460mm，D02068mm, equivalent rolling ratio K2.4.
(2) Closed roll forming inner profile abrupt cross section ring
And (3) placing the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank obtained by open rolling forming into an annular restraining die 4 for closed rolling forming. In the closed rolling net-close forming process, the second driving roller 1 drives the annular restraining die 4 to rotate, so as to drive the annular blank to rotate, and the second core roller 3 performs feed motion and performs driven rotary motion along with the annular blank. In the initial stage, the second core roll 3 is fed at a low speed so that the ring blank satisfies the biting condition. In the main rolling stage, the second core roller 3 is fed at a high speed, the abrupt cross section of the ring is gradually formed, and the axial height is correspondingly increased. And due to the limitation of the annular restraining die 4, the outer diameter of the ring is basically unchanged in the closed rolling process. Further, when the height of the ring member is increased to contact the end face of the second driving roller 1, the axial play of the ring member metal is restricted, and the height also remains substantially constant. In the rounding stage, the core roller is fed at a low speed to perform roundness correction. When the filling of the ring section profile is completed, the rolling is finished, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
As shown in fig. 4, closed rolling is adopted, and the two ends of the second driving roller 1 are provided with limiting end plates, so that the axial height of the ring blank is basically kept unchanged when the deformation height of the ring blank reaches a preset height in the closed rolling forming process.
In the scheme, the shape and the size of the working surface of the second core roller 3 are consistent with those of the inner surface of the ring forging, and the size of each step on the outer surface of the second core roller 3 is as follows:
DC1＝1005mm，BC1＝100mm，DC2＝1435mm，BC2＝100mm，DC3＝1089mm，BC3＝100mm，DC4＝1435mm，BC4＝100mm，DC5＝930mm，BC5＝100mm。
in the scheme, the inner diameter of the annular restraining die 4 is equal to the outer diameter of the ring forging, and the height of the annular restraining die is equal to the height of the forging; the relevant dimensions of the annular confinement mode 4 are: dDie＝3000mm，BDie500 mm. Wherein, its outer diameter DDie＝3300mm。
In the scheme, the diameter of the inner hole of the step at the thinnest part of the wall thickness of the target annular forging piece is as follows:
df2＝df4＝2692mm，
if the inner hole diameter d of the large-diameter rectangular cross-section ring blank is 2391mm, the total feed amount Δ H of the second core roller 3 is 151 mm.
In the above scheme, the feeding speed of the second core roll 3 is planned according to three stages, namely an initial rolling stage, a main rolling stage and a rounding stage, as shown in fig. 6:
the feeding amount in the initial rolling stage is 30mm, and the feeding speed in the initial rolling stage is 1 mm/s;
the feeding amount of the main rolling stage is 100mm, and the feeding speed of the main rolling stage is 2.5 mm/s;
the feeding amount in the rounding stage is 21mm, and the feeding speed in the rounding stage is 1.5 mm/s;
according to the near-net composite rolling forming method for the large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece, disclosed by the invention, the large-diameter rectangular cross-section ring blank is formed through open rolling, and the method is good in size precision, good in stability and high in efficiency; the inner surface abrupt change profile can be formed near net through closed rolling, the forming precision is high, the later machining cost is greatly reduced, the utilization rate of raw materials is improved, the streamline distribution is more complete, and the mechanical property of the product is improved. In addition, the deformation of the ring piece in the height direction is increased in the closed rolling process, and the axial mechanical property of the ring piece is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or any other related technical fields, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A near-net composite rolling forming method for a large inner-profile abrupt-change cross-section ring piece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
carrying out open rolling on the upset and punched rectangular-section ring blank to obtain a large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank for carrying out sudden change section forming on the inner surface of the ring blank subsequently, wherein the open rolling die comprises a first core roller positioned in the rectangular-section ring blank and a first driving roller positioned on the outer side of the rectangular-section ring blank;
the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section is obtained by open rolling and pre-rolling forming of the ring piece and is placed in a closed rolling die for radial closed rolling forming, after the ring piece cross section contour is filled, a target forge piece is obtained, the closed rolling die comprises a second core roller located in the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section, an annular restraining die sleeved outside the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section and a second driving roller located on the outer side of the annular restraining die, the second driving roller drives the annular restraining die to rotate, the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section is driven to rotate, and the second core roller performs feeding motion and performs driven rotary motion along with the ring blank with the large-diameter rectangular cross section.
2. The near-net composite roll forming method of the large inner-profile abrupt-change-section ring piece according to claim 1, wherein the sizes of the large-diameter rectangular-section ring blank obtained in open rolling are as follows:
d, D and B are respectively the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the large-diameter rectangular section ring blank; dfIs the outer diameter of the target forging, BfTarget forging height; v is the volume of the target forging piece,
dfithe diameters of inner holes of the inner hole steps from top to bottom of the target forge piece are respectively BfiRespectively the height of each step from top to bottom of the target forging, and n is the number of the steps of the target forging;
the size of the ring blank after upsetting and punching is as follows:
wherein D is0、d0、B0Respectively the outer diameter, the inner diameter and the height of the ring blank after upsetting and punching, wherein K is the equivalent rolling ratio.
3. The near-net clad-roll forming method of large inner-profile abrupt-section ring member according to claim 2, wherein the maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the second core roll is determined by the following formula:
0<DCi-max≤0.8d(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein D isCi-maxThe maximum diameter of the step of the working surface of the core roll.
4. The near-net clad-roll forming method of large inner-profile abrupt-section ring member according to claim 2, wherein the height of each step of the outer surface of the second core roll is determined by the following formula:
Bci＝Bfi(i＝1,2,3,…,n)；
wherein, BCiRespectively the height of each step from top to bottom of the second core roller.
5. The near-net clad roll forming method of the large inner profile abrupt cross section ring member according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the annular restraining die is equal to the outer diameter of the target forging, the height is equal to the height of the target forging, and the size of the annular restraining die is calculated by the following formula:
wherein d isDie、BDieThe inner diameter and the height of the annular restraint module are respectively.
6. The near-net compound roll forming method of the large inner-profile abrupt-section ring part according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the inner hole of the step at the thinnest part of the wall thickness of the target forging is dfi-minTotal feed of the second core roll
7. The near-net clad-rolling forming method for the large inner-profile abrupt-section ring member according to claim 2, wherein the feeding speed v of the second core roller satisfies the following condition:
vmin≤v≤vmax；
wherein R is1Is the second drive roller radius, n1At the second drive roller speed, R2Is the maximum step radius of the second core roll, beta is the contact friction angle, vminMinimum feed speed of the second core roll, vmaxThe second core roller maximum feed speed.
8. The near-net clad-rolling forming method for the large-sized inner-profile abrupt-section ring member as claimed in claim 7, wherein the second core roller is fed in three stages of an initial rolling stage, a main rolling stage and a rounding stage, and the feeding speed of the second core roller in the main rolling stage is greater than that in the initial rolling stage and the rounding stage.
9. The near-net clad-roll forming method of large inner-profile abrupt-cross-section ring member according to claim 8,
initial rolling stage feed: Δ H1＝(0.05～0.2)ΔH；
Initial rolling feed rate:
feed amount in main rolling stage: Δ H2＝(0.6～0.8)ΔH；
Feed speed in main rolling stage:
feed amount in rounding stage: Δ H3＝ΔH-ΔH1-ΔH2；
Feed speed in rounding stage:
10. the near-net composite roll forming method for the large inner-profile abrupt-change-section ring member according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein when closed rolling is adopted, limiting end plates are arranged at two ends of the second driving roller so as to limit the maximum height of deformation of the ring blank.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114535472A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for forming large-sized outer contour rapid-change ring by rolling through multi-roller radial-axial cooperation near net |
| CN116099964A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-12 | 江苏翔能科技发展有限公司 | Closed ring rolling tool of vertical ring rolling machine and design method thereof |
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