CN104607520A - Spinning mechanism and method for forming corrugated pipe - Google Patents
Spinning mechanism and method for forming corrugated pipe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104607520A CN104607520A CN201510021646.2A CN201510021646A CN104607520A CN 104607520 A CN104607520 A CN 104607520A CN 201510021646 A CN201510021646 A CN 201510021646A CN 104607520 A CN104607520 A CN 104607520A
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- bellows
- spinning
- core
- mandrel
- ripple
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
Abstract
The invention discloses a spinning mechanism and method for forming a corrugated pipe. A core shaft is sleeved with a core die which is sleeved with a blank, and the blank is fixed through four clamping blocks located at one end of the core shaft (1). The core die comprises a straight-wall core die body and a corrugated core die body, and in the process of forming the corrugated pipe, different core die bodies are selected according to different processes. Through three times of spinning, the size precision of the finally formed part is guaranteed, integrated plastic forming of the corrugated pipe in the whole process is achieved, in this way, plastic work hardening occurs, the obtained corrugated pipe is free of splicing, and the mechanical property of the workpiece is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rotary pressing processing field, specifically a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped and spin-on process.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy bellows part is widely used in each industrial circles such as military and national defense, Aero-Space, oil exploitation, oil gas transport due to its light weight, the advantage such as corrosion-resistant.Bellows is the tubular member that straight wall section and bellows segment alternately form, and wherein each bellows segment is made up of three sections of circular arcs, is respectively top arc and two root circular arcs.Traditional bellows forming mode adopts first belling grooved on slab, and then longitudinally round as a ball, volume is welded into short corrugated pipe, finally more piece short corrugated pipe is processed as final finished bellows by axial welding.Above-mentioned traditional forming methods technology category used is more, comprises indent, round as a ball, volume weldering, welding totally four kinds of techniques, causes easily producing all kinds of defect in forming process, be difficult to ensure final forming quality.In addition, the weld seam quantity that the bellows that above-mentioned traditional manufacturing process is made comprises is more, therefore easily occur weld crack, lack of penetration, the defect such as slag inclusion, pore and weld appearance shortcoming, these defects seriously have impact on forming property and the service life of bellows.
Novel Aerospace Products requires that dependable performance is stablized, and wherein requires to reduce the technology category, the cancellation vertical and horizontal weld seam that use to bellows processing and manufacturing as far as possible, and realizes monolithic molding.And mould pressing is as the plastic forming technology of a kind of advanced person, be a modern few important branch without cutting monolithic molding technology completely, becoming at present should top-priority a kind of technique in the shaping of thin-walled hollow revolving parts.In spinning process, one end of blank is fixed by clamping device and is realized himself rotation along axis, and blank is having or without under the supporting role of core, realizing the change of workpiece shapes and wall thickness with certain track along the feeding of blank axis by spinning roller.Compared with other forming technology, spinning has that Product Precision is high, performance good, stock utilization is high, cost is low, equipment needed thereby tonnage is little and craft flexibility advantages of higher.
Be bellows carried out to flanging efficiency is low, the deficiency of poor stability for artificial in the innovation and creation of CN103332354A at publication number, propose a kind of compact conformation, under numerical control state, the device of flanging can be carried out bellows, and propose the method for one " assembling pipe clamp-bellows flanging-continuation flanging "; The method still cannot solve the defects such as conventional method shaping bellows part technology category is numerous and diverse, finished product weld seam is more.Therefore be badly in need of adopting spin-on process to be shaped no-welding-seam, simple, the integrally formed bellows of technique, to meet the stable requirement of novel Aerospace Products dependable performance.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the cumbersome existed in prior art, the deficiency that weld seam is many, the present invention proposes a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped and spin-on process.
The present invention includes mandrel, core, fixture block, ripple core, mandrel end cap, shaping ripple spinning roller and school shape spinning roller.Wherein: core is sleeved on mandrel, and blank is sleeved on core, and fixed by four fixture blocks being positioned at mandrel 1 one end.Described core is divided into straight wall core and ripple core, in shaping bellows, selects different cores according to different operations.
Described mandrel is three grades of multidiameters, form respectively fixture block installation base section, blank canned paragraph and core and coordinates section.Wherein, blank canned paragraph is positioned at the middle part of mandrel.The external diameter of blank canned paragraph is slightly less than fixture block installation base, and between blank canned paragraph and fixture block installation base section, the end face of step defines blank locating surface.Symmetry on the end face of step between section is coordinated to have two for being connected the screwed hole of core at blank canned paragraph and core.
Described fixture block has four, and the lower surface of each fixture block is cambered surface.The curvature of described cambered surface is identical with the curvature of blank with the curvature of the fixture block installation base section coordinated with it respectively.
Described ripple core is sliced core, and the geomery of this ripple core outer surface is identical with the geomery of bellows part inner surface.Each bellows segment in described ripple core is made up of three sections of circular arcs, and be respectively top arc and two root circular arcs, each arc radius meets formula (1):
rm
1＝r
1＝R
1+t (1)
rm
2＝r
2＝R
2+t
Wherein, rm
1for ripple core bellows segment root arc radius, rm
2for ripple core bellows segment top arc radius.R
1for bellows inside surface bellows segment root fillet radius, r
2for bellows inside surface bellows segment top radius of corner.R
1for bellows outer surface bellows segment root fillet radius, R
2for bellows outer surface bellows segment top radius of corner.T is bellows wall thickness.
The spinning roller forming face of described shaping ripple spinning roller is divided into three segmental arcs, is middle part segmental arc rs respectively
1and two ends segmental arc rs
2, the radius of each segmental arc meets formula (2):
rs
1<R
1
rs
2>R
2(2)
Wherein, rs
1for the radius of corner of segmental arc in the middle part of spinning roller forming face, rs
2for the radius of corner of spinning roller forming face two ends segmental arc.
Segmental arc rs in the middle part of described spinning roller
1than bellows outer surface root fillet radius R
1little 3 ~ 4mm, spinning roller two ends segmental arc rs
2than bellows outer surface external surface top radius of corner R
2large 3 ~ 4mm.
The spinning roller forming face of described school shape spinning roller is groove type, and this spinning roller forming face is divided into three segmental arcs, is spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius rb respectively
1, arc radius rb in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district
2, spinning roller forming face end arc radius rb
3, this spinning roller is used for Accurate Shaping bellows bellows segment outer surface, and its geomery is identical with bellows outer surface bellows segment geomery and mutually coincide, shown in (3):
rb
1＝R
1
rb
2＝R
2(3)
rb
3≈rb
1
Wherein rb
1for spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius, rb
2for arc radius in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district, rb
3for spinning roller forming face end arc radius.
Utilize a method for described spinning machine mould pressing bellows, detailed process is:
Step 1, the thinning spinning of cylindrical work pieces.Conventional spun thining method is adopted to carry out thinning spinning to cylindrical work pieces.Specifically, former base is fixed to realize the synchronous axial system of blank and mandrel by fixture block.Adopt straight wall core and straight wall core to be arranged on mandrel by mandrel end cap thus to realize the synchronous axial system of straight wall core and mandrel.Adopt three shear spinning spinning rollers and make it circumferentially be uniformly distributed with 120 ° of angles.Roller locus adopts axial straight-line feed.Mandrel rotating speed is 90r/min, and spinning roller feed speed is 1mm/r, and axial feed length is slightly larger than the length of workpiece.Obtain thinning cylindrical work pieces.
Step 2, corrugation spinning.The process of described corrugation spinning adopts without core necking in spindown.Straight wall core in removal spinning machine, and replace three shear spinning spinning rollers with three shaping ripple spinning rollers.Roller locus and bellows profile are similar to; The bellows segment of track is made up of three sections of circular arcs, is respectively top arc rp
1with two root circular arc rp
2, its arc radius meets formula (4):
rp
1＝R
1-rs
1
(4)
rp
2＝R
2+rs
1
Rp in formula
1for bellows segment root arc radius in Roller locus, rp
2for bellows segment top arc radius in Roller locus.
The track of described spinning roller and the spacing of bellows profile are rs
1.
By corrugation spinning on the cylindrical work pieces that step 1 is formed thereby, described cylindrical work pieces on the surface mould pressing go out bellows-shaped.
Step 3, ripple school shape spinning operation.Distinguish ripple core is loaded and is formed with in the cylindrical work pieces of bellows-shaped.
Ripple core and workpiece are together sleeved on the core construction section of mandrel 1, and by mandrel end cap, described ripple core and mandrel are connected, and fix described cylindrical work pieces by fixture block, thus realize the synchronous axial system of workpiece, ripple core and mandrel.Three shaping ripple spinning rollers are replaced with three school shape spinning rollers.The rotating speed of setting mandrel is 60r/min.Piecemeal radial alignment feeding is carried out to the transition position of every section of ripple and this section of ripple and straightway by three school shape spinning rollers, obtain the cylindrical work pieces bellows segment of Accurate Shaping.
So far, the mould pressing to bellows is completed.
The spinning machine that the present invention proposes is based on current widely used many spinning roller brute force flowing spinning machines.By three passage spinning operations, obtain bellows.Mechanism of the present invention and effect as follows:
Thinning process: passing through shear spinning thinning by blank is thin-wall tube-shaped element, makes its wall thickness reduction and axis is elongated, thus makes blank wall thickness be tending towards the wall thickness of final part, reduce the resistance of deformation in follow-up corrugation process.
Forming process: by the bellows segment that is shaped without core necking in spindown on barrel, straight wall section territory diameter is shortened, and circumference is compressed and axial tension, thus the corrugated region that is shaped.Corrugation process deflection is comparatively large, and this operation adopts the plastic deformation process without core spinning, makes to have in blank deformation process the larger free degree, thus prevents the generation of crackle.
School shape operation: corrected by the school dimensional accuracy of shape spinning to workpiece bellows segment.Because the plastic deformation process of the second operation corrugation operation makes blank have the higher free degree, easily cause the deviation of billet size precision, especially radius area, therefore school shape operation can ensure the dimensional accuracy of final part.In the shape operation of this school, deflection is less, mainly concentrates on radius area.
Above-mentioned this three passage spinning operations avoid the processing step that in the current traditional forming methods of bellows, " indent-round as a ball-volume weldering-welding " etc. is numerous and diverse, and finished parts after being shaped has the shortcoming of vertical and horizontal weld seam, bellows as shown in Figure 8 for being made by traditional butt welding process at present, its surface has obvious weld seam, to crack-sensitivity.And adopt three passage bellows shaping spinning process of the present invention not only to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of final drip molding, and achieve the integration Plastic Forming of bellows overall process, thus make it that plastic working sclerosis occur, improve the mechanical property of final Forming Workpiece, be illustrated in figure 9 the bellows be shaped by spin-on process of the present invention, can find out that spin-on process realizes its monolithic molding, without splicing slight crack.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is bellows schematic diagram, and wherein, Fig. 1 a is bellows front view, and Fig. 1 b is the partial schematic diagram in bellows segment A district;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the spinning machine of shaping bellows, and wherein, Fig. 2 a is front view, and Fig. 2 b is the right view of Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 3 is cylindrical member thinning spinning assembling schematic diagram in step one;
Fig. 4 is corrugation spinning assembling schematic diagram in two steps, and wherein, Fig. 4 a is assembling front view and Roller locus schematic diagram, and Fig. 4 b is the partial schematic diagram in shaping ripple spinning roller forming face and Roller locus C district;
Fig. 5 is step 3 lieutenant colonel shape spinning assembling schematic diagram, and wherein, Fig. 5 a is assembling front view, and Fig. 5 b is the partial schematic diagram in school shape spinning roller forming face and ripple core D district;
Fig. 6 is mandrel front view;
Fig. 7 is bearing (ball) cover schematic diagram, and wherein, Fig. 7 a is front view, and Fig. 7 b is side view.
Fig. 8 is the bellows that prior art is made by welding.
Fig. 9 is the bellows that the present invention makes.In figure:
1. mandrel; 2. hex screw; 3. fixture block; 4. blank; 5. straight wall core; 6. tubular shear spinning spinning roller; 7. hex screw; 8. mandrel end cap; 9. shaping ripple spinning roller; 10. ripple core; 11. school shape spinning rollers; 12. mandrel fixture block installation bases; 13. mandrel blank canned paragraphs; 14. cores coordinate section; 15. connecting holes.
Detailed description of the invention:
The present embodiment is a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped.
Bellows formed thereby is LF3 Aluminum Alloy Tube.The shape of described bellows is alternately made up of straight wall section and bellows segment.Straight wall section external diameter is 370mm, and wall thickness is 5mm.The height H of ripple is 20mm, bellows segment outer surface root fillet radius R
1for 7mm, external surface top radius of corner R
2for 25mm, bellows segment inner surface root fillet radius r
1for 12mm, inner surface top radius of corner r
2for 20mm, wall thickness t is 5mm.
The present embodiment comprises mandrel 1, four fixture blocks 3, straight wall core 5, ripple core 10, mandrel end cap 8, shear spinning spinning roller 6, shaping ripple spinning roller 9 and school shape spinning roller 11.Wherein: core is sleeved on mandrel 1, and blank 4 is sleeved on core, and fixed by four fixture blocks 3 being positioned at mandrel 1 one end.Described core is divided into straight wall core 5 and ripple core 10.In shaping bellows, select different cores according to different operations.
Described mandrel 1 is three grades of multidiameters, form respectively fixture block installation base section 12, blank canned paragraph 13 and core and coordinates section 14.Being evenly equipped with the screwed hole for being connected with spinning machine at the end face of the mandrel of fixture block installation base section one end, coordinating at core the end face of the mandrel of section one end to be evenly equipped with the screwed hole of mounting core hubcap 8.
The external diameter of the fixture block installation base section of mandrel 1 is maximum, and is positioned at one end of mandrel 1, has the screwed hole for installing fixture block at the external peripheral surface of described fixture block installation base 12.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of the fixture block installation base section of mandrel 1 is 450mm, and axial length is 150mm.
Blank canned paragraph 13 is positioned at the middle part of mandrel.The external diameter of blank canned paragraph is slightly less than fixture block installation base 12, and between blank canned paragraph and fixture block installation base section, the end face of step defines blank locating surface.Symmetry on the end face of step between section 14 is coordinated to have two for being connected the screwed hole of core at blank canned paragraph and core.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of described blank canned paragraph is 400mm, and axial length is 150mm.
Core coordinates section 14 to be positioned at the other end of mandrel 1, coordinates the end face of section to be evenly equipped with four screwed holes for mounting core hubcap at described core.In the present embodiment, core coordinates the external diameter of section to be 340mm, and internal diameter is 260mm, and axial length, slightly larger than the axial length of bellows formation of parts, is 650mm.
Fixture block 3 has four, is lath-shaped, and the lower surface of each fixture block 3 is cambered surface.The curvature of this each fixture block lower surface is identical with the curvature of blank with the curvature of the fixture block installation base section coordinated with it respectively.
Four fixture blocks 3 are uniform and be fixed on the external peripheral surface of described fixture block installation base section, and the external peripheral surface of each fixture block 3 lower surface and fixture block installation base section is fitted; The other end of each fixture block 3 is fixed on the blank canned paragraph place of mandrel, and makes the spacing that has between the blank canned paragraph external peripheral surface of each fixture block 3 lower surface and mandrel for laying blank.During use: straight wall core 5 or ripple core 10 are sleeved on the blank canned paragraph of mandrel, core mandrel end cap 8 being fixed on mandrel coordinate section one end end face, thus straight wall core 5 or ripple core 10 to be fixed with mandrel.Blank is sleeved on the external peripheral surface of described straight wall core 5 or ripple core 10, and the blank locating surface on the end face of the positioning end of blank and mandrel is fitted.Four fixture blocks 3 are installed, and the lower surface of each fixture block and the external peripheral surface of blank canned paragraph are fitted, thus blank is fixed.
In the present embodiment, straight wall core 5 is tubulose, and the internal diameter of this straight wall core is 340mm, and external diameter is 400mm.
Ripple core 10 is sliced core structure, adopts common Radial Combinations form, namely uses several segmental mandrels, core profile needed for formation, after spinning completes, takes off bellows from spinning machine together with ripple core, take out segmental mandrel successively after taking out key lobe, thus unload bellows part.External surface shape size and the bellows part inner surface configuration of ripple core 10 are measure-alike, for Accurate Shaping bellows inside surface shape.Therefore, ripple core 10 is also alternately made up of straight wall section and bellows segment, and wherein each bellows segment is made up of three sections of circular arcs, and be respectively top arc and two root circular arcs, its arc radius meets formula (1):
rm
1＝r
1＝R
1+t (1)
rm
2＝r
2＝R
2+t
Wherein, rm
1for ripple core bellows segment root arc radius, rm
2for ripple core bellows segment top arc radius.R
1for bellows inside surface bellows segment root fillet radius, r
2for bellows inside surface bellows segment top radius of corner.R
1for bellows outer surface bellows segment root fillet radius, R
2for bellows outer surface bellows segment top radius of corner.T is bellows wall thickness.
In the present embodiment, ripple core 10 bellows segment root arc radius rm
1for 12mm, ripple core 10 bellows segment top arc radius r m
2for 20mm.
Mandrel end cap 8 is annular plate, two groups of connecting holes 15 are evenly equipped with in the end surfaces annular of this mandrel end cap 8, wherein one group of connecting hole is positioned at described mandrel end cap end surfaces outer rim place, for being fixedly connected with by the end face of this mandrel end cap 8 with straight wall core 5 or ripple core 10; Another group connecting hole is positioned at described mandrel end cap end surfaces inner edge place, for being fixedly connected with the end face of mandrel 1 by this mandrel end cap 8.In the present embodiment, the external diameter of mandrel end cap 8 is 396mm, internal diameter is 180mm, for this mandrel end cap central of hole centre-to-centre spacing 184mm of connecting hole that this mandrel end cap 8 is connected with straight wall core 5 or ripple core 10, for this mandrel end cap central of hole centre-to-centre spacing 147mm of connecting hole that this mandrel end cap 8 is fixedly connected with the end face of mandrel 1.
Described shear spinning spinning roller 6 adopts common double tapered roller, and namely spinning roller forming face is made up of two conical surfaces, by arc transition between two conical surfaces.In the present embodiment, arc radius is 5mm, and spinning roller cone angle and forming angle are 30
0.
The spinning roller forming face of described shaping ripple spinning roller 9 is divided into three segmental arcs, is middle part segmental arc rs respectively
1and two ends segmental arc rs
2, the radius of each segmental arc meets formula (2):
rs
1<R
1
rs
2>R
2(2)
Wherein, rs
1for the radius of corner of segmental arc in the middle part of spinning roller forming face, rs
2for the radius of corner of spinning roller forming face two ends segmental arc.
Segmental arc rs in the middle part of described spinning roller
1than bellows outer surface root fillet radius R
1little 3 ~ 4mm, spinning roller two ends segmental arc rs
2than bellows outer surface external surface top radius of corner R
2large 3 ~ 4mm.
In the present embodiment, the radius of corner rs of segmental arc in the middle part of spinning roller forming face
1for 4mm, the radius of corner rs of spinning roller forming face two ends segmental arc
2for 28mm.
The spinning roller forming face of school shape spinning roller 11 is groove type, and this spinning roller forming face is divided into three segmental arcs, is spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius rb respectively
1, arc radius rb in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district
2, spinning roller forming face end arc radius rb
3, this spinning roller is used for Accurate Shaping bellows bellows segment outer surface, and its geomery is identical with bellows outer surface bellows segment geomery and mutually coincide, shown in (3):
rb
1＝R
1
rb
2＝R
2(3)
rb
3≈rb
1
Wherein rb
1for spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius, rb
2for arc radius in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district, rb
3for spinning roller forming face end arc radius.
In the present embodiment, spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius rb
1for 7mm, arc radius rb in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district
2for 25mm, spinning roller forming face end arc radius rb
3for 7mm.
Four fixture blocks 3 are distributed in the fixture block installation base 12 of mandrel 1 with 90 ° of angles, and are arranged on mandrel 1 by hex screw 2 by fixture block 3; The end of blank 4 is fixed in the blank canned paragraph 13 of mandrel 1 by the squeezing action being subject to fixture block 3, thus realizes the synchronous axial system of blank 4 and mandrel 1; The core that one of ripple core 10 and straight wall core 5 can be sleeved on mandrel 1 coordinates in section 14.A side end face of ripple core 10 is connected with mandrel end cap 8 by hex screw 7, and another side end face is arranged on the side end face of mandrel blank canned paragraph 13 by hex screw.A side end face of straight wall core 5 is also connected with mandrel end cap 8 by hex screw 7.Mandrel end cap 8 is connected with the side end face of mandrel 1 with core 5 or 10 respectively by hex screw 7, realizes the synchronous axial system of core 5 or 10 and mandrel 1 with this.
The present embodiment also proposed a kind of method utilizing the spinning machine shaping bellows of described shaping bellows, comprises three steps altogether, i.e. totally three passage spinning.First step is the thinning spinning operation of cylindrical member, and second step is corrugation spinning operation, and third step is ripple school shape spinning operation.Detailed process is:
Step 1, the thinning spinning of cylindrical member.Conventional spun thining method is adopted to carry out thinning spinning to workpiece.Specifically, the former base 4 of tubular is fixed to realize the synchronous axial system of blank 4 and mandrel 1 by fixture block 3.Adopt straight wall core 5 and straight wall core 5 to be arranged on mandrel 1 by mandrel end cap 8 thus to realize the synchronous axial system of straight wall core 5 and mandrel 1.Adopt three shear spinning spinning rollers 6 and make it circumferentially be uniformly distributed with 120 ° of angles.Roller locus adopts axial straight-line feed thus realizes the wall thickness reduction of the former base 4 of tubular.In the present embodiment, mandrel 1 rotating speed is 90r/min, and spinning roller 6 feed speed is 1mm/r, and axial feed length is slightly larger than the length of workpiece, and in the present embodiment, the length of workpiece is 650mm, and spinning roller axial feed length is 655mm.
Step 2, corrugation spinning.The process of described corrugation spinning adopts without core necking in spindown.To the straight wall core removal in spinning machine be arranged on, and three shear spinning spinning rollers will be replaced by shaping ripple spinning roller 9.Roller locus then adopts the trajectory similar to bellows profile, and namely the trajectory of shaping ripple spinning roller 9 is also alternately made up of wave molding and straight line, and the bellows segment of track is made up of three sections of circular arcs, is respectively top arc rp
1with two root circular arc rp
2, as shown in fig. 4 a, its arc radius meets formula (4):
rp
1＝R
1-rs
1
(4)
rp
2＝R
2+rs
1
Rp in formula
1for bellows segment root arc radius in Roller locus, rp
2for bellows segment top arc radius in Roller locus.On the thin-wall tube-shaped element basis that first step is formed thereby, this step is by adopting shaping ripple spinning roller and trajectory as above, and can be shaped bellows-shaped on barrel.
The track of described spinning roller 9 and the spacing of bellows profile are rs
1.
Wave molding root arc radius rp in Roller locus in the present embodiment
1for 3mm, wave molding top arc radius of curvature rp in Roller locus
2for 29mm, the rotating speed of mandrel 1 is 90r/min, and the axial total feeding length of shaping ripple spinning roller 9 is slightly larger than the length of workpiece.On the thin-wall tube-shaped element basis that first step is formed thereby, this step is by adopting shaping ripple spinning roller 9 and trajectory as above, and barrel is shaped bellows-shaped.
Step 3, ripple school shape spinning operation.Because step 2 operation belongs to without core necking in spindown, therefore its bellows segment dimensional accuracy formed thereby is poor, it may be necessary school shape spinning operation and carries out accurate calibration to the shape of shaping ripple, to meet the dimension precision requirement of finished parts.In this step, need first workpiece formed thereby in step 2 to be unloaded, distinguish ripple core 10 is entered at inside workpiece assembly, finally ripple core 10 and workpiece are together sleeved on the core construction section 14 of mandrel 1, and with hex bolts, ripple core 10 is connected with mandrel 1 blank canned paragraph 13 side end face with mandrel end cap 8, use fixture block 3 fixation workpiece again, thus realize the synchronous axial system of workpiece, ripple core 10 and mandrel 1.The rotating speed of mandrel 1 is 60r/min.Three spinning rollers adopt school shape spinning roller 11, and make the transition position of spinning roller 11 to every section of ripple and this section of ripple and straightway carry out radial alignment feeding, thus the size of Accurate Shaping workpiece bellows segment outer surface is carried out by spinning roller forming face, carried out the size of Accurate Shaping workpiece bellows segment inner surface by the supporting role of ripple core 10, finally reach the object of calibration workpiece bellows segment global shape dimensional accuracy.
Claims (7)
1. for a spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped, it is characterized in that, comprise mandrel, core, fixture block, ripple core, mandrel end cap, shaping ripple spinning roller and school shape spinning roller; Wherein: core is sleeved on mandrel, and blank is sleeved on core, and fixed by four fixture blocks being positioned at mandrel 1 one end; Described core is divided into straight wall core and ripple core, in shaping bellows, selects different cores according to different operations.
2. a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mandrel is three grades of multidiameters, form respectively fixture block installation base section, blank canned paragraph and core and coordinates section; Wherein, blank canned paragraph is positioned at the middle part of mandrel; The external diameter of blank canned paragraph is slightly less than fixture block installation base, and between blank canned paragraph and fixture block installation base section, the end face of step defines blank locating surface; Symmetry on the end face of step between section is coordinated to have two for being connected the screwed hole of core at blank canned paragraph and core.
3. a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, fixture block has four, and the lower surface of each fixture block is cambered surface; The curvature of described cambered surface is identical with the curvature of blank with the curvature of the fixture block installation base section coordinated with it respectively.
4. a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, ripple core is sliced core, and the geomery of this ripple core outer surface is identical with the geomery of bellows part inner surface; Each bellows segment in described ripple core is made up of three sections of circular arcs, and be respectively top arc and two root circular arcs, each arc radius meets formula (1):
rm
1＝r
1＝R
1+t (1)
rm
2＝r
2＝R
2+t
Wherein, rm
1for ripple core bellows segment root arc radius, rm
2for ripple core bellows segment top arc radius; r
1for bellows inside surface bellows segment root fillet radius, r
2for bellows inside surface bellows segment top radius of corner; R
1for bellows outer surface bellows segment root fillet radius, R
2for bellows outer surface bellows segment top radius of corner; T is bellows wall thickness.
5. a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spinning roller forming face of described shaping ripple spinning roller is divided into three segmental arcs, is middle part segmental arc rs respectively
1and two ends segmental arc rs
2, the radius of each segmental arc meets formula (2):
rs
1<R
1
rs
2>R
2(2)
Wherein, rs
1for the radius of corner of segmental arc in the middle part of spinning roller forming face, rs
2for the radius of corner of spinning roller forming face two ends segmental arc;
Segmental arc rs in the middle part of described spinning roller
1than bellows outer surface root fillet radius R
1little 3 ~ 4mm, spinning roller two ends segmental arc rs
2than bellows outer surface external surface top radius of corner R
2large 3 ~ 4mm.
6. a kind of spinning machine for the bellows that is shaped as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spinning roller forming face of school shape spinning roller is groove type, and this spinning roller forming face is divided into three segmental arcs, is spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius rb respectively
1, arc radius rb in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district
2, spinning roller forming face end arc radius rb
3, this spinning roller is used for Accurate Shaping bellows bellows segment outer surface, and its geomery is identical with bellows outer surface bellows segment geomery and mutually coincide, shown in (3):
rb
1＝R
1
rb
2＝R
2(3)
rb
3≈rb
1
Wherein rb
1for spinning roller forming face grooved district root arc radius, rb
2for arc radius in the middle part of spinning roller forming face grooved district, rb
3for spinning roller forming face end arc radius.
7. utilize the spin-on process for the spinning machine of the bellows that is shaped described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, detailed process is:
Step 1, the thinning spinning of cylindrical work pieces; Conventional spun thining method is adopted to carry out thinning spinning to cylindrical work pieces; Specifically, former base is fixed to realize the synchronous axial system of blank and mandrel by fixture block; Adopt straight wall core and straight wall core to be arranged on mandrel by mandrel end cap thus to realize the synchronous axial system of straight wall core and mandrel; Adopt three shear spinning spinning rollers and make it circumferentially be uniformly distributed with 120 ° of angles; Roller locus adopts axial straight-line feed; Mandrel rotating speed is 90r/min, and spinning roller feed speed is 1mm/r, and axial feed length is slightly larger than the length of workpiece; Obtain thinning cylindrical work pieces;
Step 2, corrugation spinning; The process of described corrugation spinning adopts without core necking in spindown; Straight wall core in removal spinning machine, and replace three shear spinning spinning rollers with three shaping ripple spinning rollers; Roller locus and bellows profile are similar to; The bellows segment of track is made up of three sections of circular arcs, is respectively top arc rp
1with two root circular arc rp
2, its arc radius meets formula (4):
rp
1＝R
1-rs
1(4)
rp
2＝R
2+rs
1
Rp in formula
1for bellows segment root arc radius in Roller locus, rp
2for bellows segment top arc radius in Roller locus;
The track of described spinning roller and the spacing of bellows profile are rs
1;
By corrugation spinning on the cylindrical work pieces that step 1 is formed thereby, described cylindrical work pieces on the surface mould pressing go out bellows-shaped;
Step 3, ripple school shape spinning operation; Being loaded by distinguish ripple core is formed with in the cylindrical work pieces of bellows-shaped; Ripple core and workpiece are together sleeved on the core construction section of mandrel 1, and by mandrel end cap, described ripple core and mandrel are connected, and fix described cylindrical work pieces by fixture block, thus realize the synchronous axial system of workpiece, ripple core and mandrel; Three shaping ripple spinning rollers are replaced with three school shape spinning rollers; The rotating speed of setting mandrel is 60r/min; Piecemeal radial alignment feeding is carried out to the transition position of every section of ripple and this section of ripple and straightway by three school shape spinning rollers, obtain the cylindrical work pieces bellows segment of Accurate Shaping;
So far, the mould pressing to bellows is completed.
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| CN106040811A (en) * | 2016-07-14 | 2016-10-26 | 燕山大学 | Large-diameter corrugated pipe vibration forming device and method |
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